CN107146921B - 用于延长电动自行车的行驶里程的自推进式电池冷却系统 - Google Patents

用于延长电动自行车的行驶里程的自推进式电池冷却系统 Download PDF

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CN107146921B
CN107146921B CN201710090365.1A CN201710090365A CN107146921B CN 107146921 B CN107146921 B CN 107146921B CN 201710090365 A CN201710090365 A CN 201710090365A CN 107146921 B CN107146921 B CN 107146921B
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C-C·徐
A·M·比林斯基
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
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    • B60K1/04Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units of the electric storage means for propulsion
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/26Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62MRIDER PROPULSION OF WHEELED VEHICLES OR SLEDGES; POWERED PROPULSION OF SLEDGES OR SINGLE-TRACK CYCLES; TRANSMISSIONS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SUCH VEHICLES
    • B62M6/00Rider propulsion of wheeled vehicles with additional source of power, e.g. combustion engine or electric motor
    • B62M6/80Accessories, e.g. power sources; Arrangements thereof
    • B62M6/90Batteries
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/04Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being fluid-driven
    • HELECTRICITY
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    • H01M10/65Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6561Gases
    • H01M10/6563Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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    • H01M10/6563Gases with forced flow, e.g. by blowers
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    • H01M50/207Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells characterised by their shape
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    • H01M50/249Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
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    • B60K11/00Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
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    • B60Y2200/13Bicycles; Tricycles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B62KCYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
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Abstract

一种产品可包括电池单元,且外壳可容纳该电池单元。冷却组件可包括叶轮,该叶轮可使得空气在外壳中循环。涡轮机可与叶轮连接,以使得该涡轮机和叶轮可一起转动。

Description

用于延长电动自行车的行驶里程的自推进式电池冷却系统
技术领域
本发明总体涉及的技术领域包括自行车,并且更具体地包括具有电池供电系统的自行车。
背景技术
电动自行车可具有各种车轮布置并且可包括能用于推进自行车的车载电动机。
发明内容
多种说明性变型可包含这样一种产品,该产品可包括电池单元。外壳可容纳该电池单元。冷却组件可包括叶轮,该叶轮可使得空气在外壳中循环。涡轮机可与叶轮连接,以使得该涡轮机和叶轮可一起转动。
多个附加的变型可包含这样的产品,该产品可包括电池组,该电池组可容纳多个电池单元。外壳可接纳该电池组。通风空间可打开并且可限定在外壳中。叶轮可定位在通风空间中。涡轮机可定位在外壳的外部并且可与叶轮连接,以使得涡轮机的转动可致使叶轮转动,从而使得空气在外壳中循环。
多个其他变型可包含这样的产品,该产品可包括电动自行车,该电动自行车具有从动行车轮。可连接电功率单元,从而至少沿前进方向为行进轮提供电功率。电池组可作为电源连接至电功率单元。叶轮可定位成使得空气循环到电池组之上。涡轮机可与叶轮连接,以使得电动自行车沿前进方向的操作可致使空气移动到涡轮机之上,从而引起该涡轮机的转动。涡轮机可仅仅提供起动力来使得叶轮转动。
本发明范围内的其他说明性变型从这里提供的详细描述中变得显而易见。应该理解,详细描述和特定的示例虽然公开了本发明范围内的变型,但仅仅旨在说明性的并且并不旨在限制本发明的范围。
附图说明
本发明范围内的选定变型示例从详细描述和附图中将变得更易于理解,附图中:
图1示出了根据多种变型的电动自行车。
图2示出了用于根据各种变型的图1所示的自行车的电池组横截面。
图3示出了根据多种变型的图2所示的电池组冷却系统的一部分。
图4以局部立体图示出了根据多个变型的图1所示电动自行车的一部分。
具体实施方式
各变型的下文描述在本质上仅仅是说明性的并且绝不旨在限制本发明、其应用或使用的范围。
图1示出了可包括电动自行车40的多种变型。在多种变型的任何一个中,电动自行车40可包括车架42,该车架可包括连接至座管46的主管44。主管44可包括铰接接头41,以使得车架42能折叠,从而可更容易地运送和存储电动自行车40。转向管45可从主管44延伸出。转向管45能可操作地连接至前轮叉56,其可附接于前车轮54。把手48可附接于转向管45并且可用于借助前轮叉56来控制前车轮54的方向。控制杆50可设置在把手48上并且可配置并设置成与一个或多个输入或控制装置和/或电动机连通。一个或多个电子控制装置可包括电子处理部件以接收输入信号以及发送信号,从而控制电动自行车40的各种部件,其可包括发送输出信号以控制可能与电功率单元60相关联的电动机的操作。在多种变型中,一个或多个电子控制装置可包括存储器、处理器以及软件和/或硬件,以处理输入信号并且产生输出信号,并且可包括公式、查找表或用于比较和处理数据的其它装置。一个或多个电子控制装置可与电路单元124(在图2中示出)相关联,该电路单元可连同电池组118(也在图2中示出)一起设置在外壳130中,并且该一个或多个电子控制装置可包括电功率电子设备,其包括将来自电池的直流电变换成交流电的逆变器。
电动自行车40还可包括推进系统55,其可包括电功率单元60。推进系统55还可包括曲柄组件62,该曲柄组件可包括曲柄轴64,该曲柄轴可与第一踏板组件66和第二踏板组件70连接。第一踏板组件66可包括第一脚踏板68,而第二踏板组件70可包括第二脚踏板72。连接元件71能可操作地连接至曲柄轴64,用以驱动连接构件76,该连接构件76可以是链轮或滑轮或者其它用于与驱动轮82连接的装置。连接构件76可以是链条或皮带或者适合于用于接合连接元件71的其它连接件,并且能可操作地连接至后部连接元件78,其能可操作地连接至驱动轮82的轮毂80。驱动轮82可以是行车轮,其中,在电动自行车40于地面上操作时、该行车轮接触该地面。连接元件78可以是链轮或滑轮或者适合于用于与连接构件76接合的其它装置。
电动自行车40可配置并且设置成允许骑行者能转动第一和第二踏板组件66、70,从而为电动自行车40提供电功率。骑行者可将基于踏板力的推进系统用于第一和第二踏板组件66、70,以使得骑行者可通过沿顺时针或逆时针方向将力施加于附接于第一踏板组件66的第一脚踏板68或者附接于第二踏板组件70的第二脚踏板72来提供输入指令,以指令电动自行车40的推进。电动自行车40可以是具有曲柄组件62的自行车、三轮车或四轮电动自行车,该曲柄组件配置并且设置成允许骑行者能使用第一踏板组件66和第二踏板组件70来向其提供输入。
在图2中进一步说明的多种变型中,电功率单元60可包括电动机,该电动机还可作为发电机操作,并且可由电池或任何数量的电池或电池组件提供电功率。在多种变型中,电池组件可包括电池单元101-116,这些电池单元可各自是称为电池组118的电池套件的一部分。电池组118可设置成矩形堆叠或其它布置,以适应该应用的空间限制和电功率需求。电池组118可设置在多排单元中,这些单元可彼此偏离,以使得圆柱形单元101-116可更紧密地封装在一起。电路单元124可定位成邻近于电池组118并且可支持各种控制操作(例如电池状态监测、温度和/或传感器功能),并且可提供用于互连各个元件的导体。电路单元124可通过导体(未示出)与电池单元101-116和电功率单元60互连。电池单元101-116的每个可在其每个端部上具有端子,这些端子可与汇流条(未示出)互连,其可使得各组单元与电路单元124连接。电池组118可包括一个或多个连接器126,这些连接器可通过导体128与单元101-116连接,用以向电功率单元60供电并且用于从电功率单元60或者外部电源来为电池组118充电。
在多种变型中,电池组118可设置在外壳130中。外壳130可设置成装配在电池组118之上的形状。外壳130可包括六个侧部,这些侧部连同两个附加的侧部135和136(图3中示出)一起包括侧部131-134。侧部132-136可以是完全关闭的壁并且可定位成邻近于电池组118。侧部131可与电池组118隔开,从而形成可打开的通风空间138。电路单元124可定位在电池单元101-116和通风空间138之间。
在多种变型中,侧部131可提供断壁并且可包括容纳轴承组件142的开口140。轴144可延伸穿过开口140并且可支承在侧部131上,以通过轴承组件142的操作来相对于该侧部转动。轴144可延伸到通风空间138中并且可具有设置在其中的端部146。具有多个叶片152的叶轮150可固定在轴144的端部146上或附近以随其转动。当转动时,叶轮150可增大外壳130中的空气流率,从而在电池单元101-116、电路单元124以及任何其它内部部件之上产生增强的循环。电路单元124可定位在电池单元101-116和叶轮150之间用于优化冷却。由于叶轮150的转动,在完全密封单元中可增强来自电池组118的部件的对流热传递。可将叶片152定形成有助于引起循环并且可影响轴向流动、径向流动或者它们的组合。在多种变型中,叶片152可从电池组118之下抽吸进入流154并且可将返回流156引导到电池组118之上。在电池组118周围,电池组118可分别与由侧部132、133和134提供的壁隔开间隙162、163和164,用以循环。支承件(未示出)可设置成将电池组118在外壳130中保持就位。
在多种变型中,轴144可包括端部168,其定位在外壳130外部以露出,从而使得外壳130外部的空气移动。涡轮机170可固定在端部168上或附近以随着轴144转动。连同图2一起参照图3,涡轮机170可具有多个叶片171-174,这些叶片从中心轮毂176向外径向地延伸。叶片171-174能以一定倾斜度从中心轮毂176延伸出,其可指回向外壳130。涡轮机170后方的侧部131可类似地是成角度的。侧部131可包括部段178,该部段可相对于侧部132以钝角180向外成角度。侧部131可包括部段182,该部段可相对于侧部134以钝角184向外成角度。部段178和182可在侧部131的部段186处的中心中相遇,其可与轴144成一条直线。部段186可比分别是部段178、182的端部188、189、比电池组118向外离开更远。叶片171-174之上的空气移动可引起涡轮机170和所连接的轴144且由此叶轮150的转动。部段178、182的角度180、184可分别通过将空气从涡轮机170后方朝向端部188、189引导来有助于空气流过涡轮机170。
在多种变型中,叶片171-174可各自具有位于从中心轮毂176径向地向外的叶片171-174的端接端部处的相应末梢201-204。叶片171-174可向后扫掠,以使得末梢201-204可分别比中心轮毂176在叶轮150的方向上定位成更远,以使得沿着外壳130移动的空气的驱动作用最大化。每个叶片171-174均可分别具有前缘205-208并且分别具有尾缘211-214。前缘205-208可定位成比尾缘211-214距外壳130更远,以使得叶片171-174可用作空气翼片,以在空气朝向外壳130移动时引起涡轮机170的转动。
在图4中示出的多种变型中,电动自行车40可包括固定于主管44和/或座管46或者固定于车架42的其它部分的支架190,并且可包括与电功率单元60的外部相匹配的轮廓部分192。支架190可用作支承件和外壳130和电动自行车40(作为交通工具)之间的耦接结构。支架190可相对于车架42来保持电功率单元60。曲柄组件62(图1中所示)可连接在开口194处。外壳130中的电池组118可安装在电功率单元60之上。连接器126可连接至电功率单元60的匹配连接器(未示出)。外壳130可安装于车架42,以使得侧部131可相对于电动自行车40的前进操作方向面朝前。于是,在电动自行车40向前行进时,迎面而来的空气可撞击到涡轮机170上以实现该涡轮机的转动。由于所提供的增强冷却,外壳130可在电池组122周围完全地闭合(除了轴144和连接器引线的入口以外),以使得其可被气密地密封,这意味着阻挡不期望的灰尘、水货其他碎片的进入。
通过上述变型,电动自行车40的里程可通过特有的冷却机构来延长,该冷却机构提供电池组118的降低操作温度。在通过涡轮机170驱动的叶轮150提供冷却的情形下,能可选地减少电池组118中所需的单元数量,以实现期望的里程。下文对变型的描述仅仅是对被认为落在本发明范围内的部件、元件、动作、产品以及方法的说明,并且绝不旨在通过具体公开的或者未明确阐述的内容来限制该范围。这里所描述的部件、元件、动作、产品以及方法能以除了这里明确描述的方式进行组合和重新布置,并且仍被认为落在本发明的范围内。
变型1可包含这样一种产品,该产品可包括电池单元,且外壳可容纳该电池单元。冷却组件可包括叶轮,该叶轮可使得空气在外壳中循环。涡轮机可与叶轮连接,以使得该涡轮机和叶轮可一起转动。
变型2可包括根据变型1所述的产品,其中,叶轮可定位在外壳内部,而涡轮机可定位在外壳外部。
变型3可包括根据变型2所述的产品,其中,涡轮机可通过轴与叶轮连接,该轴支承在外壳上并且能相对于该外壳转动。
变型4可包括根据变型1所述的产品,其中,外壳可限定通风空间,该通风空间可打开并且可容纳叶轮。电路单元可定位在电池单元和通风空间之间。
变型5可包括根据变型1所述的产品,其中,侧壁可由叶轮和涡轮机之间的外壳所限定。侧壁可具有中心部段和相对于该中心部段向外定位的一对端部。该侧壁可从中心部段至每个端部远离涡轮机倾斜,以使得来自涡轮机下方的空气移动。
变型6可包括根据变型5所述的产品并且可包括轴,该轴可使得涡轮机与叶轮连接。该涡轮机可包括多个具有末梢的叶片。每个叶片均可从轴至叶片的相应末梢朝向外壳倾斜。
变型7可包括根据变型1所述的产品并且可包括电动自行车。该外壳可连接至电动自行车,以使得该涡轮机可面向前进方向,该前进方向可对应于该电动自行车的前进操作。电动自行车沿前进方向的前进操作可引起涡轮机和叶轮的转动,以使得电池单元冷却。
变型8可包含这样的产品,,该产品可包括电池组,该电池组可容纳多个电池单元。外壳可接纳该电池组。通风空间可打开并且可限定在外壳中。叶轮可定位在通风空间中。涡轮机可定位在外壳的外部并且可与叶轮连接,以使得涡轮机的转动可致使叶轮转动,从而使得空气在外壳中循环。
变型9可包括根据变型8所述的产品,其中,该外壳可包括壁。该涡轮机可通过轴与叶轮连接,该轴可延伸穿过壁。
变型10可包括根据变型9所述的产品,其中,该外壳可完全密封地关闭。
变型11可包括根据变型8所述的产品并且可包括电路单元,该电路单元可定位在电池组和通风空间之间。
变型12可包括根据变型8所述的产品,其中,叶轮的转动动作的唯一来源可以是涡轮机。
变型13可包括根据变型8所述的产品,其中,侧壁可由外壳所限定并且可位于叶轮和涡轮机之间。侧壁可具有中心部段和相对于该中心部段向外定位的一对端部。该侧壁可从中心部段至每个端部远离涡轮机倾斜,以使得来自涡轮机下方的空气移动。
变型14可包括根据变型13所述的产品并且可包括轴,该轴可使得涡轮机与叶轮连接。该涡轮机可包括多个具有末梢的叶片。每个叶片均可从轴至叶片的相应末梢朝向外壳倾斜。
变型15可包含这样的产品,该产品可包括电动自行车,该电动自行车具有从动行车轮。可连接电功率单元,从而至少沿前进方向为行进轮提供电功率。电池组可作为电源连接至电功率单元。叶轮可定位成使得空气循环到电池组之上。涡轮机可与叶轮连接,以使得电动自行车沿前进方向的操作可致使空气移动到涡轮机之上,从而引起该涡轮机的转动。涡轮机可仅仅提供起动力来使得叶轮转动。
变型16可包括根据变型15所述的产品,其中,该电动自行车可包括车架和曲柄。踏板可提供电动自行车的手动操作。曲柄可连接在电功率单元处。电池组可安装在电功率单元之上,使得涡轮机面向向前方向。
变型17可包括根据变型15所述的产品并且可包括外壳,该外壳可容纳电池组。通风区域可限定在外壳中并且可容纳叶轮。涡轮机可定位在外壳外部。
变型18可包括根据变型17所述的产品,其中,该电路单元可定位在电池组和通风区域之间。
变型19可包括根据变型17所述的产品,其中,侧壁可由位于叶轮和涡轮机之间的外壳所限定。侧壁可具有中心部段和相对于该中心部段向外定位的一对端部。该侧壁可从中心部段至每个端部远离涡轮机倾斜,以使得来自涡轮机下方的空气移动。
变型20可包括根据变型19所述的产品并且可包括轴,该轴可使得涡轮机与叶轮连接。该涡轮机可包括多个具有末梢的叶片。每个叶片均可从轴至叶片的相应末梢朝向外壳倾斜。
上文对落在本发明范围内的选择变型的描述在本质上仅仅是说明性的,且因此,其变型或变化并不被认为偏离本发明的精神和范围。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于延长电动自行车的行驶里程的自推进式电池冷却系统,包括电池单元、容纳所述电池单元的外壳以及冷却组件,所述冷却组件包括定位在所述外壳内部的叶轮和定位在所述外壳外部的涡轮机,所述叶轮使得空气在所述外壳中循环,所述涡轮机与所述叶轮连接,以使得所述涡轮机和所述叶轮一起转动;
其中所述外壳包括侧壁,所述侧壁由所述叶轮和所述涡轮机之间的外壳所限定;
所述外壳连接至所述电动自行车,以使得所述涡轮机面向与所述电动自行车的前进操作相对应的前进方向,其中,所述电动自行车沿所述前进方向的前进操作引起所述涡轮机和所述叶轮的转动,从而冷却所述电池单元。
2.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述外壳完全地闭合,以使得其被气密地密封,以阻挡灰尘、水或其它碎片的进入。
3.根据权利要求2所述的系统,其中,所述涡轮机通过轴与所述叶轮连接,所述轴支承在所述外壳上、延伸穿过所述侧壁并且能相对于所述外壳转动。
4.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述外壳限定通风空间,所述通风空间打开并且容纳所述叶轮,且所述外壳包括电路单元,所述电路单元定位在所述电池单元和所述通风空间之间。
5.根据权利要求1所述的系统,其中,所述侧壁具有中心部段和一对端部,所述一对端部相对于所述中心部段向外定位,并且其中,所述侧壁从所述中心部段至每个所述端部处远离所述涡轮机倾斜,以移动来自所述涡轮机后方的空气。
6.根据权利要求5所述的系统,包括轴,所述轴连接所述涡轮机与所述叶轮并延伸穿过所述侧壁,其中,所述涡轮机包括多个具有末梢的叶片,其中,每个叶轮均从所述轴至所述叶片的相应末梢朝向所述外壳倾斜。
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