The three-dimensional visualization method and system of a kind of OCT image
Technical field
The present invention relates to the three-dimensional visualization method and system of detection and imaging field, more particularly to a kind of OCT image.
Background technology
With the development of medical diagnostic techniqu, people can detect the inside letter of object and human body by noninvasive mode
Breath.The modern doctor such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), ultrasonic (US), optical coherence tomography (OCT)
Image technology and equipment, constantly popularization and upgrading are learned, the important engine of development is learned as modern medicine, detection, it is obtained
Image procossing and analysis also take up highly important research status.Comprising abundant information in medical image, in particular, in that image
After three-dimensional visualization processing, structure, the three-dimensional configuration of tissue can be intuitively obtained, diagnosis can be effectively aided in, and use extensively
Judge in metal detection, inoperative component etc..
By research, in clinical and experiment, the reconstruction mode of 3-D view has varied, current hardware platform
On, most widely used is Surface rendering techniques.Iso-surface patch method describes object by geometric units Fitting fitting body surface
Three-dimensional structure, the information of related organ is extracted using iso-surface patch, doctor can be made to the size, shape and sky of organ of interest
Between obtain quantitative description in terms of position relationship, current many CT, MRI imaging methods all Surface rendering techniques schemes.Using face
Rendering technique carries out three-dimensional reconstruction to section medical image, need to first complete four step by step rapid:Profile is matched somebody with somebody between face profile extraction, piece
Standard, Contours connection, surface fitting.But clinical practice shows, rendering technique needs to carry out identification and classification to volume data, that is, needs to sentence
Whether each other voxel often goes out on the face currently drawn in processing during the tissue of complicated, obscurity boundary
Existing classificatory mistake, i.e. edge extracting are inaccurate, so as to cause the face of falseness to show or produce cavity on the display face, finally
Visualize pathology details easy to lose.
In order to be conducive to the detailed information for retaining 3 d medical images, the overall drafting effect of enhancing image, to sample drawing
As no longer splitting, directly drawn, so as to occur in that Volume Rendering Techniques, such as throw footprinting, Shear-Warp method, effectively keep away
The pilot process on the surface such as constructive geometry polygon in Surface rendering techniques is exempted from.This method passes through the light and shade to all volume datas
Processing method, image of the synthesis with 3-D effect;But have the disadvantage that needs are handled all voxels, increase amount of calculation,
The drafting speed of image is limited, processing speed is slower.
The disclosure of background above technology contents is only used for design and the technical scheme that auxiliary understands the present invention, and it is not necessarily
Belong to the prior art of present patent application, without tangible proof show the above present patent application the applying date
In the case of disclosed, above-mentioned background technology should not be taken to evaluate the novelty and creativeness of the application.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes the three-dimensional visualization method and system of a kind of OCT image, not only carry
The high quality of image, and processing speed is also improved.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention uses following technical scheme:
The invention discloses a kind of three-dimensional visualization method of OCT image, comprise the following steps:
S1:Read data step:The sectioning image sequence being made up of multiple OCT images is read in into volume data storehouse;
S3:Classifying step:The multiple OCT image in the volume data storehouse is converted into the optics category for being available for drawing
Property;
S5:Synthesis step, is synthesized the multiple OCT image by each optical parametric being superimposed in the optical properties
Final image;
S6:Step display, the final image is shown.
Preferably, S2 is also included between step S1 and step S3:Pre-treatment step:The multiple OCT image is schemed
As binaryzation and picture size are cut out.
Preferably, the pre-treatment step is to carry out batch operation to the multiple OCT image, has sample letter to obtain
The gray level image of the effective coverage of breath.
Preferably, specifically include and passed using opacity transfer function, color transmission function, and/or gradient in step S3
The multiple OCT image is converted into the optical properties for being available for drawing by defeated function.
Preferably, the opacity transfer function, the color transmission function and the gradient transfer function are respectively
Piecewise linearity scalar mapping function.
Preferably, the gray value of the sampled point on OCT image is specially mapped as pre- by the opacity transfer function
Fixed opaque value, when gray value is less than 60, opaque value is set to 0;It is impermeable when gray value is between 60~150
Bright value is set to 0~0.02;When gray value is between 150~196, opaque value is set to 0.02~0.05;Work as gray scale
When value is more than 196, opaque value is set to 0.05~0.5.
Preferably, the color transmission function is specially to map the gray value of the sampled point on the multiple OCT image
For predetermined rgb value, when gray value is less than 60, rgb value is set to (0,0,0)~(0.1,0.1,0.1);When gray value between
When between 60~160, rgb value is set between (0.1,0.1,0.1)~(0.3,0.3,0.3);When gray value between 160~
When between 196, rgb value is set between (0.3,0.3,0.3)~(0.5,0.5,0.5);When gray value is more than 196, rgb value
It is set between (0.5,0.5,0.5)~(1,1,1).
Preferably, the gradient modulus value of the multiple OCT image is specially mapped as opaque by the gradient transfer function
Multiplier, when gradient modulus value is less than 500, opaque multiplier is set to 2.0;When gradient modulus value is between 500~600, no
Transparent multiplier is set to 0.73~2.0;When gradient modulus value is between 600~900, opaque multiplier is set to 0.73~
0.9;When gradient modulus value is between 900~1300, opaque multiplier is set to 0.1~0.9;When gradient modulus value is more than 1300
When, opaque multiplier is set to 0~0.1.
Preferably, S4 is also included between step S3 and step S5:Exclude abnormity point step:Set in the optical properties
The threshold range of each optical parametric, the point by each described optical parametric not in the threshold range is excluded.
Preferably, step S5 also includes setting environment backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio, diffusing reflection coefficient, high backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio and highlight strength, by ring
Border backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio is set to 0.1~0.3, and diffusing reflection coefficient is set to 0.8~1.0, and high backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio is set to 0.1~0.3, high light intensity
Degree is set to 9~11.
The invention also discloses a kind of three-dimension visible sysem of OCT image, including data memory unit, grader list
Member, renderer unit and windows units, wherein the data memory unit is used for the slice map that will be made up of multiple OCT images
As sequence reads in volume data storehouse;The grader unit is used to the multiple OCT image in the volume data storehouse being converted into
It is available for the optical properties drawn;The renderer unit is used for institute by each optical parametric for being superimposed in the optical properties
State multiple OCT image synthesis final images;The windows units are used to be shown the final image.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:The present invention OCT image three-dimensional visualization method and
System, synthesis is overlapped most by the way that multiple OCT images to be converted into the optical parametric for being available for drawing, and by these optical parametrics
Whole image, realizes the three-dimensional visualization of OCT image, not only increases the quality of image, and processing speed is also improved.
In further scheme, pre-treatment step is also set up before classifying step, having with sample message is obtained
The gray level image in region is imitated, the quality of pending image is lifted, it is to avoid the redundancy of processing data, so that further raising is handled
Speed.
In further scheme, the method that is mapped by piecewise linearity scalar of the present invention, to opaque transfer function,
Color transmission function, gradient transfer function are configured, and are obtained the volume data for being available for volume rendering three-dimensional to rebuild, are completed painting for object
System, being approached using straight line progress curve realizes the transmission function of complexity, while further improving picture quality, also more enters
One step improves processing speed.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the three-dimensional visualization method of the OCT image of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 a are the OCT images of the skin samples of an embodiment of the present invention;
The image that Fig. 2 b and Fig. 2 c are Fig. 2 a respectively is used after the three-dimensional visualization method reconstruction that the present invention is preferable to carry out
Figure;
Fig. 3 a are the OCT images of the foam sample of an embodiment of the present invention;
The image that Fig. 3 b and Fig. 3 c are Fig. 3 a respectively is used after the three-dimensional visualization method reconstruction that the present invention is preferable to carry out
Figure.
Embodiment
Below against accompanying drawing and with reference to preferred embodiment the invention will be further described.
As shown in figure 1, the preferred embodiments of the present invention disclose a kind of three-dimensional visualization method of OCT image, including with
Lower step:
S1:Read data step:The sectioning image sequence being made up of multiple OCT images is read in into volume data storehouse;
In the particular embodiment, 1~400 BMP picture is read in successively, and deposit volume data storehouse sets image attributes, bag
Include pixel size, depth digit.
S2:Pre-treatment step:Multiple OCT images are subjected to image binaryzation and picture size is cut out;
Specifically, binary conversion treatment is carried out to multiple OCT images batch, and is believed according to acquisition imaging of tissue, with sample
The effective coverage of breath is cut to picture size, so as to reduce image forming job amount, improves the degree of accuracy and operating efficiency.
S3:Classifying step:Multiple OCT images in volume data storehouse are converted into the optical properties for being available for drawing;
Especially by the classification to data, multiple OCT images are designed to corresponding optical properties, are that renderer work is carried
For data foundation.In the present embodiment, it is specific using opacity transfer function, color transmission function, and/or gradient transmission letter
Multiple OCT images are converted into the optical properties for being available for drawing by number, wherein opaque transfer function, color transmission function and gradient
Transfer function is respectively piecewise linearity scalar mapping function, i.e., being approached using straight line progress curve realizes the transmission letter of complexity
Number.
Opacity transfer function be specially the sampled point gray value during ray cast is mapped as it is predetermined impermeable
In bright value, the present embodiment, four opaque breakpoints (60,0), (150,0.02), (196,0.05), (255,0.5) are set, namely
When gray value is less than 60, opaque value is set to 0;When gray value is between 60~150, opaque value is set to 0~
0.02;When gray value is between 150~196, opaque value is set to 0.02~0.05;When gray value is more than 196, no
Transparent value is set to 0.05~0.5.
Color transmission function is specially that the sampled point gray value during ray cast is mapped as into predetermined rgb value, this
In embodiment, set four color breakpoints (60,0.1,0.1,0.1), (160,0.3,0.3,0.3), (196,0.5,0.5,
0.5), (255,1,1,1), wherein first expression grey scale pixel value, latter three RGB components for mapping, namely work as gray value
During less than 60, rgb value is set to (0,0,0)~(0.1,0.1,0.1);When gray value is between 60~160, rgb value is set
It is set between (0.1,0.1,0.1)~(0.3,0.3,0.3);When gray value is between 160~196, rgb value is set to
Between (0.3,0.3,0.3)~(0.5,0.5,0.5);When gray value be more than 196 when, rgb value be set to (0.5,0.5,0.5)~
Between (1,1,1).
Gradient transfer function is specially that gradient modulus value is mapped as in opaque multiplier, the present embodiment, sets five gradients
Modulus value breakpoint (0,2.0), (500,2.0), (600,0.73), (900,0.9), (1300,0.1), namely when gradient modulus value is less than
When 500, opaque multiplier is set to 2.0;When gradient modulus value is between 500~600, opaque multiplier is set to 0.73~
2.0;When gradient modulus value is between 600~900, opaque multiplier is set to 0.73~0.9;When gradient modulus value is between 900
When between~1300, opaque multiplier is set to 0.1~0.9;When gradient modulus value is more than 1300, opaque multiplier is set to 0
~0.1.By opaque multiplier, the difference of transitional region can be strengthened, using gradient modulus value, a corresponding opaque multiplier,
Take in opaque value, realize the sharpening to image.
S4:Exclude abnormity point step:The threshold range of each optical parametric in optical properties is set, by optical parametric not
Point in threshold range is excluded;
Wherein optical parametric includes rgb value and opaque value, by excluding abnormity point, it is ensured that the point of all synthesis is all being closed
In the range of reason, it is ensured that while picture quality, processing speed is also improved.
S5:Synthesis step:The synthesis of multiple OCT images is finally schemed by each optical parametric being superimposed in optical properties
Picture;
Namely volume data is configured, rgb value, opaque value are overlapped;Further, in synthesis step, also wrap
The setting of shade, environment backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio, diffusing reflection coefficient, high backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio and highlight strength is included, wherein environment backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio can be set
0.1~0.3 is set to, diffusing reflection coefficient is set to 0.8~1.0, and high backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio is set to 0.1~0.3, and highlight strength is set to 9
~11;In an optimum embodiment, environment backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio is set to 0.2, diffusing reflection coefficient is set to 0.9, and high backscatter extinction logarithmic ratio is set
0.2 is set to, highlight strength is set to 10.
S6:Step display:Final image is shown.
The display of three-dimensional reconstruction result is realized, volume data is rendered and interactive interface is built, specifically, also needs to set
Background color and render window size, carry out initialization drafting.In a specific embodiment, display window is set
Put, background color is set to black, and render window size is 500*500 pixels, such as Fig. 2 a~2c and Fig. 3 a~3c, and wherein Fig. 2 a are
The OCT image of skin samples, Fig. 2 b and Fig. 2 c is the figure after three-dimensional visualization method by the preferred embodiment of the present invention is rebuild,
Wherein in the visible clearly fingerprints of Fig. 2 b, the visible clearly sweat glands of Fig. 2 c;Fig. 3 a are the OCT image of foam sample, Fig. 3 b and figure
3c is the figure after three-dimensional visualization method by the preferred embodiment of the present invention is rebuild, wherein the line on Fig. 3 b visible foams surface
Structure inside road, Fig. 3 c visible foams;Show the three-dimensional visualization method using the present invention from Fig. 2 a~2c and Fig. 3 a~3c
Obtained picture quality is very high, and processing speed is very fast.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention also discloses a kind of three-dimension visible sysem of OCT image, including data storage list
Member, grader unit, renderer unit and windows units, wherein data memory unit are used to be made up of multiple OCT images
Sectioning image sequence read in volume data storehouse;Grader unit is used to multiple OCT images in volume data storehouse being converted into be available for
The optical properties of drafting;Renderer unit is used to close multiple OCT images by each optical parametric being superimposed in optical properties
Into final image;Windows units are used to be shown final image, and realize the interactive functions such as sectional drawing, preservation.
The invention discloses the three-dimensional visualization method of OCT image and system, wherein comparing existing around CT, MRI etc.
The Surface rendering techniques of image, CT, MRI image are millimeter, submillimeter magnitude, and OCT image then reaches micron even nanometer scale, figure
As in processing, information is finer, and structural form is difficult to delineate;It is OCT high-resolution, noncontact, not damaged, high-precision excellent
Gesture, the object plotting method provided with reference to the present invention so that the image information retention rate for the 3-D view drawn out is high, i.e. reduction degree
Height, and method simultaneously of the invention also has the advantage that process step is simple, image taking speed is fast, can be widely applied to medical science, gold
The each side such as category detection.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For those skilled in the art, do not taking off
On the premise of from present inventive concept, some equivalent substitutes or obvious modification can also be made, and performance or purposes are identical, all should
When being considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.