CN107144497B - Melt wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument - Google Patents
Melt wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN107144497B CN107144497B CN201710348739.5A CN201710348739A CN107144497B CN 107144497 B CN107144497 B CN 107144497B CN 201710348739 A CN201710348739 A CN 201710348739A CN 107144497 B CN107144497 B CN 107144497B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N11/10—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material
- G01N11/14—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties by moving a body within the material by using rotary bodies, e.g. vane
Abstract
The invention provides a melt wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument, which comprises a cover body, a motor mounting platform, a servo motor, a suspension wire, an encoder mounting platform, a measuring connecting rod and a rotor, wherein the motor mounting platform is arranged on the cover body; the motor mounting platform and the encoder mounting platform are respectively and fixedly arranged in the cover body, and the motor mounting platform is positioned above the encoder mounting platform; the servo motor is arranged on the lower surface of the motor mounting platform, and the encoder is arranged on the upper surface of the encoder mounting platform; the top end of the suspension wire is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the servo motor, and the bottom end of the suspension wire is fixedly connected with the center of the encoder turntable; an output shaft of the servo motor is clamped with the top of the encoder shell; the measuring connecting rod is located the outside of the cover body, the top end of the measuring connecting rod is fixedly connected with the center of the encoder turntable, and the bottom end of the measuring connecting rod is connected with the rotor. The viscosity measuring instrument has the advantages of simple measuring structure, high measuring precision, strong applicability, and suitability for high-viscosity and low-viscosity liquids and melts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a measuring device, and particularly relates to a melt wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument.
Background
Viscosity is an important parameter for characterizing the properties of a fluid, and is an important physical property of the fluid, which directly reflects the properties of different fluids. Viscosity and its measurement are widely used in many fields of national economy, taking the metallurgical industry as an example, viscosity is one of important thermophysical parameters of metallurgical melts, and has important influence on mass transfer and heat transfer in the metallurgical process and slag-metal separation. However, metallurgical melts have large viscosity differences and high melting temperatures, for example, the viscosity of molten iron at 1538 ℃ is 5mPas, the viscosity of KCl molten salt at 1000 ℃ is 0.7mPas, the melting temperature of slag is above 1400 ℃ and the viscosity is 40 mPas-1000 mPas, and the melting temperature of glass is above 1000 ℃ and the viscosity is more than 10000 mPas.
The measuring method for measuring the viscosity of the high-temperature melt mainly comprises a capillary method, a rotation method, a ball falling method, a torsion pendulum method and the like, wherein the capillary is easy to block in the using process of the capillary method device, and the high efficiency of measurement is influenced to a certain extent. The rotation method has wide application range and convenient operation and can obtain a large amount of data. However, the accuracy of the rotary method for measuring the viscosity cannot meet the requirement when measuring the low-viscosity melt. The principle of the damping torsional pendulum viscometer is that a rotor is enabled to do torsional motion in liquid by a certain torque, the rotor does damping motion due to the viscous action of the liquid, the viscosity value of the liquid can be calculated by measuring the amplitude and the period of the rotor, and the damping torsional pendulum viscometer is suitable for measuring the viscosity of low-viscosity melt. In the measurement of high-temperature melts, high-viscosity melts are generally measured by a rotation method, and low-viscosity melts are measured by a torsion pendulum method.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the existing problems, the invention aims to provide a measuring device for measuring the melt wide-range composite viscosity with high measurement precision.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: the wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument for the melt is characterized in that: the device comprises a cover body, a motor mounting platform, a servo motor, a suspension wire, an encoder mounting platform, a measuring connecting rod and a rotor;
the motor mounting platform and the encoder mounting platform are respectively and fixedly arranged in the cover body, and the motor mounting platform is positioned above the encoder mounting platform;
the servo motor is arranged on the lower surface of the motor mounting platform, and the encoder is arranged on the upper surface of the encoder mounting platform;
the top end of the suspension wire is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the servo motor, and the bottom end of the suspension wire is fixedly connected with the center of the encoder turntable;
an output shaft of the servo motor is clamped with the top of the encoder shell;
the measuring connecting rod is located the outside of the cover body, the top end of the measuring connecting rod is fixedly connected with the center of the encoder turntable, and the bottom end of the measuring connecting rod is connected with the rotor.
As optimization, the device also comprises a graphite connector and a rotor connecting rod;
the top of graphite connector can be dismantled with the bottom of measuring the connecting rod and be connected, the bottom and the rotor connecting rod fixed connection of graphite connector, the rotor sets up the bottom at the rotor connecting rod.
As optimization, the device also comprises a connecting shaft;
the center of the encoder turntable is provided with a center hole, the upper part of the connecting shaft is in threaded fit with the center hole, and the bottom end of the connecting shaft is detachably connected with the top end of the measuring connecting rod.
Preferably, the device further comprises a bracket for supporting the cover body.
As optimization, the method also comprises the step of controlling a display system;
the control display system comprises a controller and a display device;
the data input end of the controller is connected with the data output end of the encoder, the viscosity of the melt to be measured is calculated according to the received signals, the display signal output end of the controller is connected with the display signal input end of the display device, and the control signal output end of the controller is connected with the control signal input end of the servo motor.
As optimization, for the high-viscosity melt, the rotor is put into the liquid to be measured to rotate, and the control display system calculates the viscosity of the high-viscosity melt according to a formula:
η＝K×φ (1)；
wherein phi is the torsion angle of the suspension wire, measured by an encoder, k is an instrument constant, and eta is the melt viscosity.
As optimization, for low-viscosity melt, the rotor is put into the liquid to be measured, the rotor is released after being twisted by an angle, and the rotor performs torsional vibration:
the control display system calculates the viscosity of the low-viscosity melt according to a formula:
η＝Aσ (2)；
wherein A is an instrument constant; σ is the amplitude attenuation coefficient.
As optimization, the device also comprises a spring tube, a heating furnace, a lifting system, a vacuum and atmosphere control system and a temperature control system;
the top end of the spring tube is hermetically connected with the bottom of the cover body;
the measuring connecting rod penetrates through the spring tube, and the rotor is positioned on the outer side of the spring tube;
heating the furnace: the device comprises a heating furnace body, a connecting pipe, a heat-insulating cover, a heating body and an experimental crucible;
the heating furnace body comprises a U-shaped furnace wall with an upward opening and a furnace cover, and the furnace cover is arranged above the furnace wall and is hermetically connected with the opening of the furnace wall to form a reaction chamber; the furnace wall is provided with a thermocouple mounting hole, a heating body lead inlet and a gas inlet, and the furnace wall is also provided with a heating furnace exhaust valve;
the heat preservation cover is of a U-shaped structure with a downward opening and is arranged in the reaction cavity, the heating body is arranged in the heat preservation cover, and the crucible for experiments is positioned in a space formed by the heating body and the heat preservation cover;
the experimental crucible is used for containing liquid to be detected;
the top end of the connecting pipe is detachably and hermetically connected with the bottom end of the spring pipe, and the bottom end of the connecting pipe sequentially penetrates through the furnace cover and the upper part of the heat preservation cover; the part of the connecting pipe above the furnace cover is sequentially provided with a measuring system air suction valve and a heating furnace sealing valve from top to bottom;
the lifting system comprises: the device comprises an installation platform, a first lifting rod, a second lifting rod, a heating furnace installation rack and a lifting rod driving piece;
the lifting rod driving piece drives the first lifting rod and the second lifting rod to move up and down, the top end of the second lifting rod is fixedly connected with the mounting table, and the cover body is arranged on the mounting table;
the heating furnace mounting frame is fixed on the shell of the lifting rod driving piece, the heating furnace is mounted on the heating furnace mounting frame, and the top end of the first lifting rod is fixedly connected with the furnace cover;
the lifting rod driving piece is used for controlling the displacement of the second lifting rod moving up and down, and the servo motor can collect and accurately control the displacement;
vacuum and atmosphere control system: comprises a second inert gas storage bottle, a vacuum pump and a vacuum control cabinet;
the second inert gas storage bottle is communicated with the gas inlet through a gas conveying pipe, the vacuum pump is communicated with the connecting pipe through a pipeline and a measuring system air extraction valve to realize the vacuumizing of the cover body, the vacuum pump is communicated with the reaction cavity through a pipeline and a heating furnace air extraction valve to realize the vacuumizing of the heating furnace, and the signal output end of the vacuum control cabinet is connected with the vacuum pump to realize the control of the vacuumizing process;
a temperature control system: the temperature control cabinet controls the heating temperature of the heating body according to the received temperature signal;
preferably, the furnace cover and the furnace wall are both of a hollow structure, the hollow parts of the furnace cover and the furnace wall are communicated, and the furnace cover is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet which are communicated with the hollow parts of the furnace cover.
The heating furnace also comprises a graphite crucible for protection, and the graphite crucible for protection is arranged between the crucible for experiment and the heating body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the viscosity measuring instrument provided by the invention has the advantages of simple measuring structure, high measuring precision, strong applicability, and suitability for high-viscosity and low-viscosity liquids.
2. Heating by adopting a graphite heating body in an inert atmosphere, wherein the maximum working temperature can reach 1800 ℃, the long-time working temperature can reach 1750 ℃, the temperature range of a continuously tested sample can reach 1750-500 ℃ by installing thermocouples with different precisions, and the furnace temperature can reach 1700 ℃ within 2 hours after the temperature is raised rapidly; a newly-entered PID temperature control system is adopted, and the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃; the high temperature and inert gas shielding can make the applicable melt range wider, especially some high melting temperature slag and atmosphere sensitive metal melt.
3. By combining the suspension wires with the encoder, the viscosity of the high-viscosity melt can be measured by a rotating column method, the viscosity of the low-viscosity melt can also be measured by a twisting and swinging method, and the measuring range is wide.
4. The encoder is adopted to measure the torsion angle and the attenuation coefficient of the suspension wire, and the device has the characteristics of high precision, high reliability, high tracking speed, high and low temperature resistance, water resistance, dust resistance, corrosive gas resistance, vibration resistance and the like.
5. The measuring method has the advantages of simple operation, reliable data and real-time monitoring and control of the measuring process, and can be widely used for measuring and researching the viscosity of the high-temperature melt.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the melt wide-range complex viscosity measuring instrument of the present invention.
Fig. 2a is an assembly diagram of the melt wide-range complex viscosity measuring instrument, and fig. 2b is an explosion diagram of the melt wide-range complex viscosity measuring instrument.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the heating furnace.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the lifting system.
Reference numerals in FIGS. 1 to 4: the system comprises a melt wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument 1, a heating furnace 2, a lifting system 3, a vacuum and atmosphere control system 4, a temperature control system 6 and a controller display system 5;
the device comprises a cover body 1-1, a motor mounting platform 1-2, a servo motor 1-3, a suspension wire 1-4, an encoder 1-5, an encoder mounting platform 1-6, a viscometer bracket 1-7, a measurement connecting rod 1-8, a graphite connector 1-9, a rotor connecting rod 1-10 and a rotor 1-11;
2-1 parts of a measuring system bleeder valve, 2-2 parts of a heating furnace sealing valve, 2-3 parts of a water inlet, 2-4 parts of a thermocouple mounting hole, 2-5 parts of a heating furnace bleeder valve, 2-6 parts of a heating body lead inlet, 2-7 parts of a heat preservation cover, 2-8 parts of a heating body, 2-9 parts of a graphite crucible for protection, 2-10 parts of a crucible for experiment, 2-11 parts of a melt to be measured, 2-12 parts of a gas inlet, 2-13 parts of a connecting spring tube, 2-14 parts of a furnace cover and 2-15 parts;
the device comprises an installation table 3-1, a first lifting rod 3-2, a second lifting rod 3-3, a heating furnace installation frame 3-4, a lifting rod driving piece 3-5 and a heating furnace installation frame 3-4.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "top", "bottom", "inner", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
A wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument for melts comprises a cover body 1-1, a motor mounting platform 1-2, a servo motor 1-3, a suspension wire 1-4, an encoder 1-5, an encoder mounting platform 1-6, a support 1-7, a measuring connecting rod 1-8, a graphite connector 1-9, a rotor connecting rod 1-10 and a rotor 1-11;
the support 1-7 is used for supporting the cover body 1-1, and a horizontal adjusting nut is arranged below the support 1-7.
The motor mounting platform 1-2 and the encoder mounting platform 1-6 are respectively and fixedly arranged in the cover body 1-1, and the motor mounting platform 1-2 is positioned above the encoder mounting platform 1-6;
the servo motor 1-3 is arranged on the lower surface of the motor mounting platform 1-2, and the encoder 1-5 is arranged on the upper surface of the encoder mounting platform 1-6; during specific implementation, the encoder mounting platform 1-6 is also provided with a bubble level meter for conveniently adjusting the placement state of the viscometer;
the top ends of the suspension wires 1-4 are fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the servo motor 1-3, and the bottom ends of the suspension wires 1-4 are fixedly connected with the center of a rotary disc of the encoder 1-5;
the output shaft of the servo motor 1-3 is clamped with the top of the encoder 1-5 shell, and the encoder 1-5 shell rotates along with the rotation of the output shaft of the servo motor;
the center of the rotary disc of the encoder 1-5 is provided with a center hole, the upper part of the connecting shaft is in threaded fit with the center hole, and the bottom end of the connecting shaft is detachably connected with the top end of the measuring connecting rod 1-8;
the measuring connecting rods 1-8, the graphite connectors 1-9 and the rotor connecting rods 1-10 are all located on the outer side of the cover body 1-1, the top ends of the graphite connectors 1-9 are detachably connected with the bottom ends of the measuring connecting rods 1-8, the bottom ends of the graphite connectors 1-9 are fixedly connected with the rotor connecting rods 1-10, and the rotors 1-11 are arranged at the bottom ends of the rotor connecting rods 1-10.
The graphite joints 1-9 are provided for the purpose of using different types of rotors during the measurement and are easy to replace, one reason being to use a small rotor in a liquid with a high viscosity and a large rotor in a liquid with a low viscosity, and the other reason being that the rotor surface is covered with a melt and cannot be reused when the viscosity of the melt is measured.
In the specific implementation, the rotors 1 to 11 and the rotor connecting rods 1 to 10 are made of materials which do not react with the measured melt and have enough affinity, for oxide melts such as blast furnace slag and electric furnace slag, the components of the oxide melts do not react with metal molybdenum and have high melting point, so the metal molybdenum can meet the measurement requirement, high-melting-point metal 45# steel is used for measuring low-melting-point metal such as molten aluminum, graphite or aluminum oxide can be used for measuring molten iron, and the diameter of the rotor is determined by the basic properties of the measured melt.
Also comprises a control display system 5; the control display system 5 comprises a controller and a display device; the data input end of the controller is connected with the data output ends of the encoders 1-5, the viscosity of the melt to be measured is calculated according to the received signals, the display signal output end of the controller is connected with the display signal input end of the display device, and the control signal output end of the controller is connected with the control signal input ends of the servo motors 1-3.
In specific implementation, the rotation speed or the torsional pendulum angle of the servo motor 1-3 is controlled by the control display system 5, so that the suspension wires 1-4 and the rotors 1-11 are driven to rotate or twist. The encoder 1-5 calculates the measured melt viscosity by measuring the rotation torque or torsional pendulum damping constant of the suspension wire through a control display system.
For the high-viscosity melt, the rotors 1 to 11 are put into the liquid to be measured to rotate, and the control display system 5 calculates the viscosity of the high-viscosity melt according to the formula 1:
η＝K×φ (1)；
wherein phi is the torsion angle of the suspension wire 1-4, measured by an encoder 1-5, k is an instrument constant, and eta is the melt viscosity.
The inner cylinder suspended by the suspending wire rotates in the high-temperature slag at a certain speed, a torsion angle phi is generated at two ends of the steel wire due to the internal friction force of the slag with laminar flow property, and under the condition of a certain angular speed, an instrument constant k can be calibrated by using a known standard viscosity liquid at a certain temperature, so that the viscosity value of the measured slag can be calculated.
For low-viscosity melt, the rotor 1-11 is put into the liquid to be measured, the rotor 1-11 is released after being twisted by an angle, the rotor 1-11 makes torsional vibration, and the amplitude of the torsional vibration is attenuated by the action of viscous force:
the control and display system 5 calculates the viscosity of the low viscosity melt according to equation 2:
η＝A×σ (2)；
wherein A is an instrument constant; σ is the amplitude attenuation coefficient. The amplitude attenuation coefficient is obtained by calculation by utilizing the amplitude and the period measured by the encoders 1-5, and the instrument constant A can be calibrated by using a known standard viscosity liquid at a certain temperature, so that the viscosity value of the measured slag can be calculated.
As optimization, the melt wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument further comprises a spring tube, a heating furnace 2, a lifting system 3, a vacuum and atmosphere control system 4 and a temperature control system 6;
the top end of the spring tube is hermetically connected with the bottom of the cover body 1-1;
the measuring connecting rods 1-8 penetrate through the spring tubes, and the rotors 1-11 are positioned on the outer sides of the spring tubes;
a heating furnace 2: comprises a heating furnace body, a connecting pipe 2-13, a heat-preserving cover 2-7, a heating body 2-8 and an experimental crucible 2-10;
the heating furnace body comprises a U-shaped furnace wall 2-15 with an upward opening and a furnace cover 2-14, wherein the furnace cover 2-14 is arranged above the furnace wall 2-15 and is hermetically connected with the opening of the furnace wall 2-15 to form a reaction chamber; in specific implementation, the edge of the top end of the furnace wall 2-15 is provided with a furnace wall connecting lug extending outwards, the edge of the furnace cover 2-14 is provided with a furnace cover connecting lug extending outwards, the furnace wall connecting lug and the furnace cover connecting lug are connected together through a bolt, and a sealing ring can be arranged between the top end of the furnace wall 2-15 and the furnace cover 2-14 for better sealing. The furnace wall 2-15 is provided with a thermocouple mounting hole 2-4, a heating body lead inlet 2-6 and a gas inlet 2-12, and the furnace wall 2-15 is also provided with a heating furnace air extraction valve 2-5.
Preferably, the furnace covers 2-14 and the furnace walls 2-15 are both hollow structures, the hollow parts of the furnace covers 2-14 and the furnace walls 2-15 are communicated, and the furnace covers 2-14 are provided with water inlets 2-3 and water outlets communicated with the hollow parts. Cooling water is introduced into the hollow parts of the furnace covers 2-14 and the furnace walls 2-15 through the water inlets 2-3, and then the cooling water is circulated through the water pump, thereby playing a role in protecting the heating furnace body.
The heat preservation cover 2-7 is of a U-shaped structure with a downward opening and is arranged in the reaction cavity, the heating body 2-8 is arranged in the heat preservation cover 2-7, the crucible 2-10 for experiments is positioned in a space formed by the heating body 2-8 and the heat preservation cover 2-7, and the heating body 2-8 is used for heating the crucible 2-10 for experiments.
The heat preservation cover 2-7 and the graphite crucible for protection 2-9 are respectively provided with a through hole for fixing a thermocouple, and the through holes are coaxial with the thermocouple mounting hole 2-4. Therefore, the detection end of the thermocouple can extend into the space between the graphite crucible for protection 2-9 and the crucible for experiment 2-10, so that the measured temperature of the melt to be measured 2-11 in the crucible for experiment 2-10 is more accurate.
The heating furnace 2 also comprises a graphite crucible for protection 2-9, and the graphite crucible for protection 2-9 is arranged between the crucible for experiment 2-10 and the heating body 2-8. The role of the graphite crucible here includes making the temperature of the melt uniform and preventing the experimental crucible from breaking to cause damage to the heating furnace.
The top end of the connecting pipe 2-13 is detachably and hermetically connected with the bottom end of the spring pipe, and the bottom end of the connecting pipe 2-13 sequentially penetrates through the furnace covers 2-14 and the upper parts of the heat preservation covers 2-7; the part of the connecting pipe 2-13 above the furnace cover 2-14 is provided with a measuring system air suction valve 2-1 and a heating furnace sealing valve 2-2 from top to bottom in sequence.
The experimental crucibles 2-10 are used for containing liquid to be measured.
The lifting system 3: the device comprises an installation table 3-1, a first lifting rod 3-2, a second lifting rod 3-3, a heating furnace installation frame 3-4 and a lifting rod driving piece 3-5;
the lifting rod driving piece 3-5 drives the first lifting rod 3-2 and the second lifting rod 3-3 to move up and down, the top end of the second lifting rod 3-3 is fixedly connected with the mounting table 3-1, and the cover body 1-1 is arranged on the mounting table 3-1;
the heating furnace mounting rack 3-4 is fixed on the shell of the lifting rod driving piece 3-5, the heating furnace 2 is mounted on the heating furnace mounting rack 3-4, and the top end of the first lifting rod 3-2 is fixedly connected with the furnace cover 2-14;
the furnace lid 2-14 is opened for the purpose of upward movement of the first elevation bar 3-2, so that the displacement of the movement of the first elevation bar 3-2 does not need to be precisely controlled. The displacement of the mounting table 3-1 is controlled by the movement of the second lifting rod 3-3, and further the depth of the rotor 1-11 in the wide-range composite viscosity measurement system 1 extending into the melt 2-11 to be measured is controlled.
The lifter driving member 3-5 is configured to drive the first lifter 3-2 and the second lifter 3-3, and may be configured as follows: the first lifting rod is arranged in the first lifting rod sleeve and is in threaded fit with the first lifting rod sleeve, the second lifting rod is arranged in the second lifting rod sleeve and is in threaded fit with the second lifting rod sleeve, the top end of the first screw rod is connected with the bottom end of the first lifting rod, the top end of the second screw rod is connected with the bottom end of the second lifting rod, an output shaft of a servo motor is connected with the bottom end of the first screw rod and the bottom end of the second screw rod through a coupler respectively, and the second screw rod of the first lifting rod is driven to move up and down by controlling the rotation direction of an output shaft of the servo motor.
Vacuum and atmosphere control system 4: comprises an inert gas storage bottle, a vacuum pump and a vacuum control cabinet;
the inert gas storage bottle is communicated with a gas inlet 2-12 through a gas pipe, the vacuum pump is communicated with a connecting pipe 2-13 through a pipeline and a measuring system air extraction valve 2-1 to realize the vacuumizing of the cover body 1-1, the vacuum pump is communicated with the reaction cavity through a pipeline and a heating furnace air extraction valve 2-5 to realize the vacuumizing of the heating furnace 2, and the signal output end of the vacuum control cabinet is connected with the vacuum pump to realize the control of the vacuumizing process.
The vacuum control cabinet realizes the control of the vacuumizing process by controlling the on-off and the working time of the vacuum pump, and the vacuum control and the control of the vacuum pump belong to the prior art and do not belong to the invention point; the vacuum pump vacuumizes the cover body 1-1 and the heating furnace 2, and the purpose is to pump out all oxygen pumped by the cover body 1-1 and the heating furnace 2, protect the graphite heating body 2-8 adopted for obtaining high temperature, and then introduce protective gas, such as argon, into the cover body 1-1 and the heating furnace 2 through a second inert gas storage bottle, so that the pressure of the cover body 1-1 is balanced with the pressure in the heating furnace 2.
Temperature control system 6: the temperature control device comprises a thermocouple and a temperature control cabinet, wherein the thermocouple is arranged on a furnace wall 2-15 through a thermocouple mounting hole 2-4, the data output end of the thermocouple is connected with the temperature control cabinet, a measured temperature signal is input into the temperature control cabinet, and the temperature control cabinet controls the heating temperature of a heating body 2-8 according to the received temperature signal; the temperature control cabinet belongs to the prior art, the temperature signals measured by the thermocouples are used for controlling the heating temperatures of the heating bodies 2 to 8, the temperature control cabinet does not belong to the invention point of the invention, and a PID controller can be adopted in the specific implementation.
Controlling the display system 5: including a controller and a display device.
The signal output end of the encoder is connected with the signal input end of the controller, the displacement control signal output end of the controller is connected with the lifting rod driving piece 3-5, the vacuum control signal input end of the vacuum control cabinet is connected with the vacuum control signal output end of the controller, the temperature signal output end of the temperature control cabinet is connected with the temperature signal input end of the controller, the temperature control signal input end of the temperature control cabinet is connected with the temperature control signal output end of the controller, and the temperature control cabinet controls the heating temperature of the heating body according to the received temperature signal.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or replaced with equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. The wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument for the melt is characterized in that: the device comprises a cover body (1-1), a motor mounting platform (1-2), a servo motor (1-3), a suspension wire (1-4), an encoder (1-5), an encoder mounting platform (1-6), a measuring connecting rod (1-8) and a rotor (1-11);
the motor mounting platform (1-2) and the encoder mounting platform (1-6) are fixedly arranged in the cover body (1-1) respectively, and the motor mounting platform (1-2) is positioned above the encoder mounting platform (1-6);
the servo motor (1-3) is arranged on the lower surface of the motor mounting platform (1-2), and the encoder (1-5) is arranged on the upper surface of the encoder mounting platform (1-6);
the top end of the suspension wire (1-4) is fixedly connected with a power output shaft of the servo motor (1-3), and the bottom end of the suspension wire (1-4) is fixedly connected with the center of a rotary disc of the encoder (1-5);
the output shaft of the servo motor (1-3) is clamped with the top of the encoder (1-5) shell;
the measuring connecting rods (1-8) are positioned on the outer side of the cover body (1-1), the top ends of the measuring connecting rods (1-8) are fixedly connected with the center of a rotary disc of the encoder (1-5), and the bottom ends of the measuring connecting rods (1-8) are connected with the rotors (1-11);
the device also comprises graphite connectors (1-9), rotor connecting rods (1-10), a connecting shaft, supports (1-7) for supporting the cover body (1-1) and a control display system (5);
the top ends of the graphite connectors (1-9) are detachably connected with the bottom ends of the measuring connecting rods (1-8), the bottom ends of the graphite connectors (1-9) are fixedly connected with rotor connecting rods (1-10), and the rotors (1-11) are arranged at the bottom ends of the rotor connecting rods (1-10);
the center of the rotary disc of the encoder (1-5) is provided with a center hole, the upper part of the connecting shaft is in threaded fit with the center hole, and the bottom end of the connecting shaft is detachably connected with the top end of the measuring connecting rod (1-8);
the control display system (5) comprises a controller and a display device;
the data input end of the controller is connected with the data output end of the encoder (1-5), the viscosity of the melt to be measured is calculated according to the received signals, the display signal output end of the controller is connected with the display signal input end of the display device, and the control signal output end of the controller is connected with the control signal input end of the servo motor (1-3);
for high-viscosity melt, the rotor (1-11) is put into the liquid to be measured for rotation, and the control display system (5) calculates the viscosity of the high-viscosity melt according to the formula (1):
η＝K×φ (1)；
wherein phi is the torsion angle of the suspension wire (1-4) and is measured by an encoder (1-5), k is an instrument constant, and eta is the melt viscosity.
2. The wide range complex melt viscosity meter of claim 1, wherein: for low-viscosity melts, the rotor (1-11) is placed into the liquid to be measured, the rotor (1-11) is released after being twisted by an angle, and the rotor (1-11) does torsional vibration:
the control display system (5) calculates the viscosity of the low viscosity melt according to the formula (2):
η＝Aσ (2)；
wherein A is an instrument constant; σ is the amplitude attenuation coefficient.
3. The wide range complex melt viscosity meter of claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a spring tube, a heating furnace (2), a lifting system (3), a vacuum and atmosphere control system (4) and a temperature control system (6);
the top end of the spring tube is hermetically connected with the bottom of the cover body (1-1);
the measuring connecting rod (1-8) penetrates through the spring tube, and the rotor (1-11) is positioned on the outer side of the spring tube;
heating furnace (2): comprises a heating furnace body, a connecting pipe (2-13), a heat-preserving cover (2-7), a heating body (2-8) and an experimental crucible (2-10);
the heating furnace body comprises a U-shaped furnace wall (2-15) with an upward opening and a furnace cover (2-14), wherein the furnace cover (2-14) is arranged above the furnace wall (2-15) and is connected with the opening of the furnace wall (2-15) in a sealing way to form a reaction cavity; the furnace wall (2-15) is provided with a thermocouple mounting hole (2-4), a heating body lead inlet (2-6) and a gas inlet (2-12), and the furnace wall (2-15) is also provided with a heating furnace air extraction valve (2-5);
the heat-insulating cover (2-7) is of a U-shaped structure with a downward opening and is arranged in the reaction cavity, the heating body (2-8) is arranged in the heat-insulating cover (2-7), and the crucible (2-10) for experiments is positioned in a space formed by the heating body (2-8) and the heat-insulating cover (2-7);
the experimental crucible (2-10) is used for containing liquid to be detected;
the top end of the connecting pipe (2-13) is detachably and hermetically connected with the bottom end of the spring pipe, and the bottom end of the connecting pipe (2-13) sequentially penetrates through the upper parts of the furnace covers (2-14) and the heat preservation covers (2-7); the part of the connecting pipe (2-13) above the furnace cover (2-14) is sequentially provided with a measuring system air suction valve (2-1) and a heating furnace sealing valve (2-2) from top to bottom;
lifting system (3): comprises an installation platform (3-1), a first lifting rod (3-2), a second lifting rod (3-3), a heating furnace installation rack (3-4) and a lifting rod driving piece (3-5);
the lifting rod driving piece (3-5) drives the first lifting rod (3-2) and the second lifting rod (3-3) to move up and down, the top end of the second lifting rod (3-3) is fixedly connected with the mounting table (3-1), and the cover body (1-1) is arranged on the mounting table (3-1);
the heating furnace mounting rack (3-4) is fixed on a shell of the lifting rod driving piece (3-5), the heating furnace (2) is mounted on the heating furnace mounting rack (3-4), and the top end of the first lifting rod (3-2) is fixedly connected with the furnace cover (2-14);
the lifting rod driving piece (3-5) is used for controlling the displacement of the second lifting rod (3-3) moving up and down, and the servo motor can collect and accurately control the displacement;
vacuum and atmosphere control system (4): comprises a second inert gas storage bottle, a vacuum pump and a vacuum control cabinet;
the second inert gas storage bottle is communicated with the gas inlet (2-12) through a gas pipe, the vacuum pump is communicated with the connecting pipe (2-13) through a pipeline and a measuring system air extraction valve (2-1) to realize the vacuum pumping of the cover body (1-1), the vacuum pump is communicated with the reaction cavity through a pipeline and a heating furnace air extraction valve (2-5) to realize the vacuum pumping of the heating furnace (2), and the signal output end of the vacuum control cabinet is connected with the vacuum pump to realize the control of the vacuum pumping process;
temperature control system (6): the temperature control device comprises a thermocouple and a temperature control cabinet, wherein the thermocouple is arranged on a furnace wall (2-15) through a thermocouple mounting hole (2-4), the data output end of the thermocouple is connected with the temperature control cabinet, a temperature signal to be measured is input into the temperature control cabinet, and the temperature control cabinet controls the heating temperature of a heating body (2-8) according to the received temperature signal.
4. The wide range complex melt viscosity meter of claim 3, wherein: the furnace covers (2-14) and the furnace walls (2-15) are both hollow structures, the hollow parts of the furnace covers (2-14) and the furnace walls (2-15) are communicated, and the furnace covers (2-14) are provided with water inlets (2-3) and water outlets communicated with the hollow parts.
5. The wide range complex melt viscosity meter of claim 4, wherein: the heating furnace (2) further comprises a graphite crucible (2-9) for protection, and the graphite crucible (2-9) for protection is arranged between the crucible (2-10) for experiment and the heating body (2-8).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710348739.5A CN107144497B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Melt wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710348739.5A CN107144497B (en) | 2017-05-17 | 2017-05-17 | Melt wide-range composite viscosity measuring instrument |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2535052A1 (en) * | 1982-10-25 | 1984-04-27 | Agronomique Inst Nat Rech | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMI-SOLID BODIES BY HARMONIC SHEAR IN ROTATION |
| CN2816796Y (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2006-09-13 | 上海大学 | Apparatus for measuring rheological property of semi-solid metal |
| CN105716997A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 重庆大学 | High-temperature melt physical property measuring device |
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2017
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2535052A1 (en) * | 1982-10-25 | 1984-04-27 | Agronomique Inst Nat Rech | METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING THE RHEOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SEMI-SOLID BODIES BY HARMONIC SHEAR IN ROTATION |
| CN2816796Y (en) * | 2005-09-13 | 2006-09-13 | 上海大学 | Apparatus for measuring rheological property of semi-solid metal |
| CN105716997A (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2016-06-29 | 重庆大学 | High-temperature melt physical property measuring device |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 合金熔体粘度检测新方法及装置;曲丹阳;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库工程科技Ⅱ辑》;20150715(第7期);第2-15页 * |
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