CN107144225A - A kind of simple absolute circle grating scale - Google Patents
A kind of simple absolute circle grating scale Download PDFInfo
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- CN107144225A CN107144225A CN201710508493.3A CN201710508493A CN107144225A CN 107144225 A CN107144225 A CN 107144225A CN 201710508493 A CN201710508493 A CN 201710508493A CN 107144225 A CN107144225 A CN 107144225A
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- absolute
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- photoelectric sensor
- incremental encoding
- electric signal
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000206 photolithography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/02—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring length, width or thickness
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/26—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring angles or tapers; for testing the alignment of axes
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of simple absolute circle grating scale, it is characterized in that, including in circular incremental encoding disk and the ring-type positioned at the incremental encoding disk and the absolute coding disk that is integrated with the incremental encoding disk, the incremental encoding disk has same pivot with the absolute coding disk;Also include to produce with the pulse train corresponding to the anglec of rotation of the incremental encoding disk and the grating reading head that counts, and the anglec of rotation of the absolute coding disk to be converted to the photoelectric sensor of electric signal;Also include that the display device of current absolute location can be obtained by the electric signal produced by the grating reading head and the photoelectric sensor.Above-mentioned Circular gratings chi, when barrier is turned back in power down or for some reason, the electric signal exported using the absolute coding part of Circular gratings chi can know its actual position value, so as to avoid the back to zero of increment type grating scale from operating.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to grating scale technical field, more particularly to a kind of simple absolute circle grating scale.
Background technology
In accurate measurement, Circular gratings chi, using the optical principle of grating, is substantially carried out displacement of the lines as important instrument
With the measurement of angular displacement.
The key technology and difficult point of Circular gratings chi are mainly in the manufacture of grating, and the quality of grating directly influences whether inspection
Survey the precision and reliability of result.Existing Circular gratings chi mainly has glass Circular gratings chi and round metal grating scale, and its form has
Two kinds of increment type Circular gratings chi and absolute type Circular gratings chi.
Wherein, increment type Circular gratings chi needs to refer to signal (relative zero), and the operation of reference point back to zero must be performed when upper electric.
After power down, grating scale must back to zero again so that equipment is unable to recovery operation.In addition, in excessive velocities, pulse can be produced
Dropout and influence accuracy.However, each position one fixed code channel of correspondence of absolute type Circular gratings chi, measurement is shown
Value is only relevant with the starting of measurement and the position of termination, unrelated with middle measurement process, can also recover current location after power down,
Anti-interference is good.But absolute grating scale coding is complicated, manufacturing cost is high, and reading speed is slow, it is necessary to corresponding scale of arranging in pairs or groups
Grating, its measurement accuracy and the precision of scale grating have much relations, therefore in high-acruracy survey, will to scale grating line
Ask very high, so as to add processing cost.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of simple absolute circle grating scale, the Circular gratings chi hinders again in power down or for some reason
During start, the electric signal exported using the absolute coding part of Circular gratings chi can know its actual position value, so as to avoid increment
The back to zero operation of formula grating scale.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of simple absolute circle grating scale,
Including in circular incremental encoding disk and the ring-type positioned at the incremental encoding disk and with the incremental encoding
The absolute coding disk that disk is integrated, the incremental encoding disk has same pivot with the absolute coding disk;
Also include to produce the grating with the pulse train corresponding to the anglec of rotation of the incremental encoding disk and counting
Reading head, and the anglec of rotation of the absolute coding disk to be converted to the photoelectric sensor of electric signal;
Also include to obtain current exhausted by the electric signal produced by the grating reading head and the photoelectric sensor
To the display device of position.
The simple absolute circle grating scale provided relative to above-mentioned background technology, the present invention, including compiled in circular increment
Code-disc and the absolute coding disk being integrated in or beyond the ring-type of the incremental encoding disk and with the incremental encoding disk,
The incremental encoding disk and the same pivot of absolute coding disk;The absolute encoder can be covered by two phase inscribe off-centre operations
Mould exposure is obtained;Also include to produce the light with the pulse train corresponding to the anglec of rotation of the incremental encoding disk and counting
Grid reading head, and the anglec of rotation of the absolute coding disk to be converted to the photoelectric sensor of analog electrical signal;Also wrap
Include to count increment grid line and corresponded with absolute coding angle electric signal and by the telecommunications produced by the photoelectric sensor
Number obtain current absolute location display device.That is, the simple absolute circle grating scale that the present invention is provided, mainly includes increment and compiles
Code-disc, absolute coding disk, grating reading head, photoelectric sensor and display device;Incremental encoding is under the counting of grating reading head
Angle or the displacement of motion are recorded, absolute coding is used to the absolute position of grating scale is marked, namely photoelectric sensor is used
Absolute position where by absolute coding disk is converted into corresponding electric signal, according to the counting of grating reading head correspondence output,
Correction subdivision after voltage deviation, deposit tables of data in, obtain each absolute position voltage deviation change, be depicted as table or
Person fits function;In measurement process, the voltage output value produced according to photoelectric sensor, look-up table or according to fitting
Functional relation, directly obtains absolute position, so as to avoid the back to zero of increment type grating scale from operating;Also overcome absolute type Circular gratings
Chi is the drawbacks of cost is high in high-acruracy survey.The Circular gratings chi that the present invention is provided, makes simple, with low cost, measurement process
Quickly, accurately, easy, strong antijamming capability.
Preferably, the grating reading head is set close to the incremental encoding disk.
Preferably, the photoelectric sensor is set close to the absolute coding disk.
Preferably, the display device includes counting institute between electric signal correspondingly to store grating reading head
The storage part of curve after form and/or fitting, and be connected with the storage part to by produced by the photoelectric sensor
Electric signal and the form and/or fitting after the curve be compared to obtain the acquisition unit of current absolute location, also
Including being connected with the acquisition unit to by current absolute location is exported and is shown output section.
Preferably, the photoelectric sensor is specially the anglec of rotation of the absolute coding disk is converted into voltage letter
Number photoelectric sensor.
Preferably, the output section is specially LED display.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
There is the accompanying drawing used required in technology description to be briefly described, because absolute coding disk is located at the ring of the incremental encoding disk
The principle function of two appearance design schemes of (outer) is consistent in shape, and the present embodiment is located at the incremental encoding with absolute coding disk
Design in the ring-type of disk is described.It should be evident that drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the invention,
For those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, it can also be obtained according to the accompanying drawing of offer
Obtain other accompanying drawings.
The structural representation for the Circular gratings chi that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of incremental encoding disk and absolute coding disk in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is first position of the absolute coding disk residing in rotary course in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the second place of the absolute coding disk residing in rotary course in Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is threeth position of the absolute coding disk residing in rotary course in Fig. 2;
Fig. 6 is fourth position of the absolute coding disk residing in rotary course in Fig. 2;
Fig. 7 is shown by the absolute coding disk voltage signal that photoelectric sensor is exported during rotating a circle in Fig. 2
It is intended to;
Fig. 8 is by the schematic diagram of diverse location corresponding after the voltage signal subdivision in Fig. 7.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention program, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation
The present invention is described in further detail for mode.
It refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8, the structural representation for the Circular gratings chi that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention;Fig. 2 is Fig. 1
The schematic diagram of middle incremental encoding disk and absolute coding disk;Fig. 3 is absolute coding disk is residing in rotary course in Fig. 2 first
Put;Fig. 4 is the second place of the absolute coding disk residing in rotary course in Fig. 2;Fig. 5 is absolute coding disk in Fig. 2 in rotation
During residing the 3rd position;Fig. 6 is fourth position of the absolute coding disk residing in rotary course in Fig. 2;Fig. 7 is Fig. 2
In absolute coding disk voltage signal that photoelectric sensor is exported during rotating a circle schematic diagram;Fig. 8 is by Fig. 7
Voltage signal subdivision after corresponding diverse location schematic diagram.
A kind of simple absolute circle grating scale that the present invention is provided, mainly includes incremental encoding disk 11, absolute coding disk 12, light
Grid reading head 2, photoelectric sensor 3 and display device;Wherein, incremental encoding disk 11 and absolute coding disk 12 may be collectively referred to as grating
Coding disk;Incremental encoding disk 11 can be made using photolithography method, and absolute coding disk 12 can be given birth to using the technique of mask-exposure
Production;Certainly, the set-up mode of incremental encoding disk 11 and absolute coding disk 12 can also refer to prior art.
The core of the present invention is to be combined incremental encoding disk 11 with absolute coding disk 12, and incremental encoding disk 11 is set in circle
Ring-type, absolute coding disk 12 be located at the annulus of incremental encoding disk 11 in or beyond, and with the Integral design of the inclined code-disc of the increment 11, such as say
Shown in bright book accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 3.The Circular gratings chi rotates around axle O, and the incremental encoding disk 11 of Circular gratings chi utilizes grating reading
First 2 are counted, and the count value is corresponding with the anglec of rotation of incremental encoding disk 11;The absolute coding disk 12 of Circular gratings chi is utilized
The anglec of rotation of absolute coding disk 12 is converted into electric signal by photoelectric sensor 3;In order to realize grating reading head 2 and photoelectric sensing
The normal work of device 3, grating reading head 2 can be set close to incremental encoding disk 11, and photoelectric sensor 3 is close to absolute coding disk 12
Set;Certainly, the set-up mode and operation principle of grating reading head 2 and photoelectric sensor 3 may be referred to prior art, herein
Repeat no more.
The Circular gratings chi of the present invention also includes display device, display device and grating reading head 2 and the phase of photoelectric sensor 3
Even, and a pair of the electric signal 1 that produces of the counting for the pulse train that grating reading head 2 can be produced and photoelectric sensor 3
Should, and current absolute location is obtained by the electric signal produced by photoelectric sensor 3.
Specifically, the present invention is by taking Figure of description 3 to accompanying drawing 6 as an example, and absolute coding disk 12 is using O as the center of circle, according to suitable
Hour hands are rotated, and first position to the 4th position is undergone successively;Wherein, the P0-0 in accompanying drawing 3 is the initial bit of absolute coding disk 12
Put, namely first position;When absolute coding disk 12 is rotated to the second place, namely the P0-N/2 in accompanying drawing 4 position;When exhausted
When rotating coding disk 12 to three positions, namely the P0-N in accompanying drawing 5 position;When absolute coding disk 12 is rotated to the 4th
When putting, namely the P0-i in accompanying drawing 6 position.That is, grating encoding coiling axle O is rotated, grating reading head 2, which is used to count, to be rotated
During angle corresponding to incremental encoding;Absolute coding in rotation process is converted into corresponding voltage by photoelectric sensor 3
Signal is simultaneously exported;Grating coding disk rotates a circle during (2 π), obtains the voltage signal produced by photoelectric sensor 3, electricity
Pressure experience is from 0 to maximum VmaxAgain to 0 mechanical periodicity, in a cycle shown in voltage change table 1 below;
Table 1:Voltage signal and the corresponding relation of position
Voltage/V | 0 | V1 | V2 | ...... | Vmax |
Position | P0_0 | P0_1 | P0_2 | ...... | P0_N |
Figure of description 7 shows that grating coding disk (including incremental encoding disk 11 and absolute coding disk 12) is rotating a circle
During (2 π), voltage V with the change of position;Electric signal herein can be the electricity produced by photoelectric sensor 3
Press signal;Certainly, according to actual needs, electric signal can also be other kinds of signal, repeat no more herein.
According to the counting of the pulse train of incremental encoding part correspondence output, the voltage deviation after correction subdivision is stored in number
Change according to the voltage deviation in table, obtaining each absolute position, be depicted as table or fit function;In measurement process,
The voltage output value produced according to photoelectric sensor 3, look-up table or the functional relation according to fitting, directly obtain absolute position
Put, as shown in table 1 the corresponding position of different magnitudes of voltage correspondence.At the same time, the present invention utilizes display device by current position
Display is put, to know current location in time.
Wherein, the operation principle of photoelectric sensor 3 is:Under the irradiation of light source, the absolute coding disk of the Circular gratings chi of rotation
12 block light source, change photoelectric sensor photosensitive area generating period, produce the electric signal for corresponding to mechanical periodicity therewith.
For above-mentioned display device, it can include storage part, acquisition unit and output section;Storage part can be by pulse train
Between electric signal curve after one-to-one form and/or fitting stored, be also by table 1 and/or accompanying drawing 8
Appearance is stored;Acquisition unit is connected with storage part, during actually detected, the actual electric signal hair that photoelectric sensor 3 is produced
Acquisition unit is delivered to, acquisition unit is compared the electric signal of the actual electric signal and curve in the electric signal in table 1 and/or accompanying drawing 8
It is right, and then obtain current absolute location;And current absolute location is exported and shown using output section;Wherein, it is electric in table 1
Pressure should be consistent with the corresponding relation of the curve in accompanying drawing 8 with the corresponding relation of position, namely no matter by actual electric signal and table 1
In electric signal of the electric signal still with curve in accompanying drawing 8 be compared, obtained current absolute location should be consistent.Certainly, originally
The output section of invention can be LED display, namely show current absolute location using LED display.
The simple absolute circle grating scale that the present invention is provided, goes out from the advantage of increment type Circular gratings chi and absolute type Circular gratings chi
Hair, the incremental encoding part of common Circular gratings chi and absolute coding are partially bonded together, and increase photoelectric sensor (or light
Electric transducer array);When not only solving increment type Circular gratings chi high speed easily lose can not be restarted after pulse and power down lack
Point, and the drawbacks of also overcome absolute type Circular gratings chi cost is high in high-acruracy survey.
Simple absolute circle grating scale provided by the present invention is described in detail above.It is used herein specifically individual
Example is set forth to the principle and embodiment of the present invention, and the explanation of above example is only intended to help to understand the present invention's
Method and its core concept.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from the principle of the invention
On the premise of, some improvement and modification can also be carried out to the present invention, these are improved and modification also falls into the claims in the present invention
Protection domain in.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of simple absolute circle grating scale, it is characterised in that
Including in circular incremental encoding disk (11) and the ring-type positioned at the incremental encoding disk (11) and with the increment
The absolute coding disk (12) that coding disk (11) is integrated, the incremental encoding disk (11) has same with the absolute coding disk (12)
One pivot;
Also include to produce the grating with the pulse train corresponding to the anglec of rotation of the incremental encoding disk (11) and counting
Reading head (2), and the anglec of rotation of the absolute coding disk (12) to be converted to the photoelectric sensor (3) of electric signal;
Also include to obtain current by the electric signal produced by the grating reading head (2) and the photoelectric sensor (3)
The display device of absolute position.
2. simple absolute circle grating scale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the grating reading head (2) is close to institute
State incremental encoding disk (11) setting.
3. simple absolute circle grating scale according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the photoelectric sensor (3) is close to institute
State absolute coding disk (12) setting.
4. the simple absolute circle grating scale according to claims 1 to 3 any one, it is characterised in that the display device
Including the storage to store the curve after grating reading head counts between the electric signal one-to-one form of institute and/or is fitted
Portion, and be connected with the storage part to by the electric signal produced by the photoelectric sensor (3) and the form and/or plan
The curve after conjunction is compared to obtain the acquisition unit of current absolute location, in addition to is connected with the acquisition unit to incite somebody to action
The output section that current absolute location is exported and shown.
5. simple absolute circle grating scale according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the photoelectric sensor (3) is specially
Photoelectric sensor the anglec of rotation of the absolute coding disk (12) to be converted to voltage signal.
6. simple absolute circle grating scale according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the output section is specially that LED is shown
Screen.
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Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN109870109A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-11 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of two-dimensional grating displacement sensor device |
CN110174067A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-08-27 | 上海科华实验系统有限公司 | Examine the method and system of Biochemical Analyzer code-disc off-centring |
CN110617784A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-27 | 吉林大学 | Turntable eccentricity error measuring method for photoelectrically detecting modulation period variable quantity and accumulated value |
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CN206974374U (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2018-02-06 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of simple absolute circle grating scale |
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109870109A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-06-11 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of two-dimensional grating displacement sensor device |
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CN110617784A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-12-27 | 吉林大学 | Turntable eccentricity error measuring method for photoelectrically detecting modulation period variable quantity and accumulated value |
CN110617784B (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2021-06-25 | 吉林大学 | Turntable eccentricity error measuring method |
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