CN107138733A - Ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares device, method and the 3D printing system of metal dust - Google Patents
Ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares device, method and the 3D printing system of metal dust Download PDFInfo
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- CN107138733A CN107138733A CN201710557437.9A CN201710557437A CN107138733A CN 107138733 A CN107138733 A CN 107138733A CN 201710557437 A CN201710557437 A CN 201710557437A CN 107138733 A CN107138733 A CN 107138733A
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- ultrasonic
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- ultrasonic vibration
- metal dust
- atomization
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
- B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
- B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/10—Auxiliary heating means
- B22F12/17—Auxiliary heating means to heat the build chamber or platform
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/20—Cooling means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
- B22F12/33—Platforms or substrates translatory in the deposition plane
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/30—Platforms or substrates
- B22F12/37—Rotatable
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses device, method and the 3D printing system that a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust, including：Ultrasonic vibration system, ultrasonic variable amplitude device, wire, fastening system, wire feed system and thermal source；Ultrasonic vibration system is connected with ultrasonic variable amplitude device, and the ultrasonic variable amplitude device is tubular or at least sets cavity in leading section；The wire passes through the cavity by wire feed system；Fastening system is set on the ultrasonic variable amplitude device；The thermal source is arranged on the exit position of the cavity.Beneficial effect of the present invention：Using wire as ultrasonic transformer, load carries out ultrasonic vibration atomization, can under vacuum carry out, not consume inert gas, it is to avoid powder pollutes；Continuous powder processed can be carried out by the way of continuous wire feed.
Description
Technical field
The dress of metal dust is prepared the present invention relates to metal 3D printing technique field, more particularly to a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization
Put, method of work and using its as auxiliary 3d print systems.
Background technology
Metal 3D printing (also referred to as increasing material manufacturing, Quick-forming) technology mainly has silk/powder melt deposition method and powder constituency
Fusion method etc..Powder selective melting method is usually that spherical powder is first prepared with fuel pulverizing plant, is then carried out using 3D printing equipment
Cloth powder, selective melting simultaneously progressively shape the part for obtaining required shape and performance.Powder processed and forming process are usually in different dresses
It is respectively completed in putting, technique and equipment are all extremely complex, cost remains high.
At present prepare spherical powder method mainly have inert gas atomizer, radio frequency plasma atomization, it is rotating electrode atomized
Etc., equipment is expensive, inefficiency, and powder is easily aoxidized.
Ultrasonic atomizatio prepares metal dust, is cavitation and tension force wave effect using ultrasonic wave, metal bath is broken
Fine drop is broken into, turns into spherical powder after solidification, the mode such as supersonic gas atomization and ultrasonic activation atomization is generally comprised.It is super
Sound wave aerosolization is to be combined ultrasonic wave with gas atomization, such as the Kohlswa techniques of Sweden, gentle using ultrasonic vibrational energy
Stream impact kinetic energy crushes liquid stream, can improve aerosolization efficiency, but aerosolization needs to consume substantial amounts of inert gas, Er Qierong
Easily form hollow bead and satellite particle.The ultrasonic activation atomization that Ruthardt is proposed is that metal bath is flow into ultrasonic tool
Head surface upper berth transforms into liquid film, is smashed by ultrasonic wave, evokes into drop and flown out from vibration plane and be frozen into spherical powder.Ultrasonic wave
Vibratory atomizer can prepare metal dust under vacuum conditions, it is to avoid the influence of gas medium, but by ultrasonic transformer and tool heads material
The limitation of material, this method is bad to refractory metal adaptability, and Ultrasonic probe is produced when being in contact with metal bath
Cavitation corrosion.
Wang Zhigang, Wu Shengju et al. load the ultrasonic transformer of the metal bar of powder to be made as ultrasonic transducer, are connected to
The output end of ultrasonic transformer, and as the anode of arc plasma generator, it is vibrated according to ultrasonic transducer working frequency,
Metal bar top end surface is melted using plasma heating, and powder is atomized under ul-trasonic irradiation.Due to metal bar not
Disconnected to be consumed, frequency changes, and gradually loses resonance, the condition of atomization, it is impossible to realize continuous powder by atomization.
Chinese patent CN201310377275.2 discloses the ultrasonic atomizatio preparation facilities and system of a kind of globular metallic powder
Preparation Method, metal bar material is arranged on ultrasonic transformer, is melted it using plasma arc bombardment bar, is then passed through ultrasonic vibration
It is atomized molten metal and is frozen into spherical powder.This device still has the quantity-produced problem that is unable to, and can not be true
Used under sky, powder vulnerable to pollution.
The thermal source that 3D printing shaping is used has sends out it in the high energy beams such as laser, electron beam, irradiation to the powder bed of tiling
Raw selection fusing (or sintering).Electron beam is compared with laser, with capacity usage ratio is high, depth of interaction is big, material absorptivity is high
And the advantages of stabilization, but electron beam acts on spherical powder and easily " blowing powder " (powder is defeated and dispersed) occurs.Asked to solve this
Topic is general using the collocation method such as aspherical powder and pre-heating powder.Powder is preheated by bottom plate, it is thick with scanning part
Degree increase, thermal resistance increase.
In summary, there is following technical problem in existing metal 3D printing technique：
(1) globular metallic powder needed for 3D printing, existing preparation method needs to consume a large amount of inert gases, and powder is in storage
Easily aoxidized during fortune.
(2) conventional ultrasound vibratory atomizer powder, is not suitable for refractory metal；With flour gold to be made category directly as luffing
When the load of bar carries out powder by atomization, because metal consumption causes frequency to change, it is difficult to continuous powder processed.
(3) conventional 3D printing technique is that powder processed and printing are separately carried out into the device, it is necessary to different, and cost is too high, powder
Easily aoxidized in storage and transport process.When other 3D printing has the requirement of harshness, particularly electron beam printing to powder shape and granularity
" blowing powder " problem is difficult to solve.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention prepares metal dust to solve above-mentioned problem there is provided a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization
Device, method of work and using its as auxiliary 3d print systems, can under vacuum or other atmosphere continuously be atomized prepare Gao Rong
Point metal dust, powder processed and 3D printing are integrated into an equipment, can common heat source, on demand powder processed, controllable powder shape,
Cohesive force between granularity and temperature, increase powder, solves " blowing powder " problem.
To achieve the above object, concrete scheme of the invention is as follows：
A kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares the device of metal dust, including：Ultrasonic vibration system, ultrasonic variable amplitude dress
Put, wire, fastening system, wire feed system and thermal source；
The ultrasonic vibration system is connected with ultrasonic variable amplitude device, and the ultrasonic variable amplitude device is for tubular or extremely
It is few that in leading section, cavity is set；The wire passes through the cavity by wire feed system；On the ultrasonic variable amplitude device
Fastening system is set；The thermal source is arranged on the exit position of the cavity.
Further, the ultrasonic variable amplitude device is single ultrasonic transformer, and the ultrasonic transformer is for tubular or at least preceding
End sets cavity.
Further, the fastening system includes locker and applicator；The locker is fixed on the front end of ultrasonic transformer,
The locker locks the front end of wire when being acted on without external force；The applicator is fixed on ultrasonic transformer, can produce pressure
Elastically-deformable power is tightly brought it about on locker.
Further, the ultrasonic variable amplitude device is the combination of at least two ultrasonic transformers, the luffing rod of the combination
Into center cavity.
Further, the fastening system includes locker and applicator；The locker is fixed on ultrasonic transformer, is passed through
At least two ultrasonic transformers are combined as an entirety by coupling mechanism force；The applicator is fixed on ultrasonic transformer, can be produced and is pressed on
Elastically-deformable power is brought it about on locker.
Further, on the applicator on cooler is set, with ultrasonic transformer work end in contact when ultrasonic transformer is played
Cooling effect.
Further, the wire front portion is locked, and wire leaves the rear portion of cavity by way of elastic deformation
Set angle is bent, to keep a segment length of wire extensional vibration as fixed value.
A kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares the method for work of the device of metal dust, comprises the following steps：
(1) wire is locked device locking, and stretches out the segment length of ultrasonic transformer one；
(2) the energy size and scanning pattern of adjustment thermal source, Source is thermally formed liquid gold in wire termination
Belong to film；
(3) ultrasonic vibration system, which produces ultrasonic vibration, makes liquid metal film atomization be emitted into powder；
(4) ultrasonic wave stops vibration, and applicator applies relaxation force on locker, locker is departed from wire and connects
Touch；
(5) wire is pushed forward certain length by wire feed system, to keep the length for stretching out one section of ultrasonic transformer constant；
(6) applicator lays down relaxation force, and the coupling mechanism force of locker makes wire be locked again.
Further, by change ultrasonic wave frequency and molten metal layer thickness change metal dust pattern,
Granularity；
The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is by changing the frequency for the ultrasonic wave that ultrasonic vibration system is produced and changing metal
The length of silk load patch is adjusted；
The thickness of the molten metal layer is adjusted by changing the energy size and exposure time of thermal source.
A kind of 3D printing system, including：Ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares the device and work station subsystem of metal dust；
The device for preparing metal dust by ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust, the metal dust deposition of the preparation
To work station subsystem；
The thermal source of device of metal dust is prepared by ultrasonic vibration atomization to depositing to the metal powder of work station subsystem
End carries out selective melting；
Distance, the irradiation angle of thermal source and the energy for adjusting wire and work station subsystem by position adjusting mechanism are joined
Number, changes temperature, shape, the granularity of deposited metal powder, prevents " blowing powder ".
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1) using wire as ultrasonic transformer, load carries out ultrasonic vibration atomization, can under vacuum carry out, not consume lazy
Property gas, it is to avoid powder pollute；Continuous powder processed can be carried out by the way of continuous wire feed.
2) the powder size narrowly distributing prepared by, fine powder recovery rate is high.Also by adjust atomization parameter obtain different shape,
The powder of granularity.
3) this ultrasonic vibration installation can be also used for the similar applications such as welding, melting.
4) powder processed and 3D printing are integrated together, common heat source, on demand powder processed, reduce powder accumulating, reduced to powder
Requirement, simplify device structure.
5) powder of different shape, granularity and temperature can be obtained by adjusting atomization parameter, using powder waste heat by powder
Last " fixation ", solves " blowing powder " problem.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that chuck locking type ultrasonic vibration atomization of the present invention prepares metal dust；
Fig. 2 is the apparatus structure schematic diagram that present invention combination ultrasonic transformer locking type ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust；
Fig. 3 is metal wire structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is wire back curve commutation schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is 3D printing system structure diagram of the present invention；
Wherein, 2, transducer, 3, ultrasonic transformer, 4, flange, 5, locker, 6, applicator, 7, wire, 8, wire feeder.
Embodiment：
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
On the one hand, the invention discloses the device that a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust, including：Ultrasonic activation
System, ultrasonic variable amplitude device, wire 7, fastening system, wire feed system and thermal source；
Wherein, ultrasonic vibration system includes supersonic generator, transducer 2 etc., to produce ultrasonic wave and transducing；It is super
Sound wave luffing device uses ultrasonic transformer 3；Fastening system includes locker 5 and applicator 6.
Locker 5 is provided with ultrasonic transformer 3, locker 5 turns into a part for ultrasonic transformer 3.Applicator 6 applies external force in lock
On tight device 5, its internal diameter can be made to change.
The front portion of wire 7 be locked device 5 lock, back curve deflecting, in this way lock one section of conduct of wire 7
The load of ultrasonic transformer 3, or the part as ultrasonic transformer 3.The position of the back curve deflecting of wire 7 is preferably at node.
A diameter of D0 of wire 7, the length of wire 7 can be endless, without interruption by wire feeding system, for silk system
System can set appropriate straightener.Ultrasonic transformer 3 is tubular, or at least in leading section is hollow.Locker 5 has internal diameter
For D1 (D1≤D0) cavity.
Wire 7 is placed in the cavity of locker 5 and ultrasonic transformer 3, and locker 5 provides locking pressure and locks wire 7
Tightly.The locking pressure of locker 5 can be the elastic stress or electromagnetic force or mechanical force of locker 5 itself, for example by
The magnet (permanent magnet or electromagnet) being disposed thereon is provided.Locking pressure can also be provided by applicator 6, such as wire
The power of 7 lockings are if when electromagnetic force, the power can also be provided by the electromagnetic field being located on applicator 6.
Applicator 6 applies a power opposite with locking pressure direction on ultrasonic transformer 3, can disengage it from and wire 7
Contact, namely cavity front inner diameter is changed into D2 (D2 from D1>D0>D1).
The thrust and dechucking forces of applicator 6 are provided by electromagnetic force or spring force, such as magnet by being disposed thereon
(permanent magnet or electromagnet) provides suction and repulsion.The support section of applicator 6 being fixed on flange 4 preferentially.
According to the difference of the locking mode of wire 7, the device that ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust can be divided into chuck
Locking type and combination ultrasonic transformer 3 locking type, two kinds of structure types.
Chuck locking type structure as shown in figure 1, locker 5 be chuck form, be fixed on the front end of ultrasonic transformer 3.
In some embodiments it is possible to regard ultrasonic transformer 3 itself as chuck.
Chuck can be stress locking type, and the external force applied by applicator 6 is locked, or can also utilize magnetostriction
Or electrostriction material produces coupling mechanism force, also the mechanical force such as reliable spring produces coupling mechanism force.
Applicator 6 is subjected to displacement under external force (such as electromagnetic force) effect, on the chuck for being pressed on the end of ultrasonic transformer 3, is made
It occurs elastic deformation, and internal diameter is changed into D2 (D1<D2), (D1 of wire 7 is unclamped<D0<D2).
The locking type structure of ultrasonic transformer 3 is combined as shown in Fig. 2 ultrasonic transformer 3 and the part being secured to are by two or more
Combination, the formation center cavity of ultrasonic transformer 3 of combination, the internal diameter of cavity front end is D1 (D1<D0).Lock is provided with ultrasonic transformer 3
Tight device 5, an entirety is combined into by coupling mechanism force by ultrasonic transformer 3.
Locker 5 is preferentially arranged on the position corresponding with the node of ultrasonic transformer 3, such as position of flange 4.Locker 5
Locking pressure can be electromagnetic force or mechanical force, for example provided by the magnet (permanent magnet or electromagnet) being disposed thereon.
Wire 7 is placed in cavity, and the front end of ultrasonic transformer 3 is clamped as clamping head and locks wire 7.Applicator 6 is applied
Plus external force is on locker 5, ultrasonic transformer 3 is pulled open into separation, disengaged with wire 7.
In some embodiments, cooler is set in the front end of ultrasonic transformer 3, when the temperature of ultrasonic transformer 3 is too high, cooler can be pressed
Tightly in the front end of ultrasonic transformer 3, ultrasonic transformer 3 is cooled.
In other embodiment, cooler is arranged on applicator 6, applicator 6 and the work end in contact of ultrasonic transformer 3
When cooling effect is played to ultrasonic transformer 3.Above-mentioned cooler can be cooled by way of recirculated cooling water.
Wire feed system includes at least one set of wire feed rolls, when wire 7 is locked the release of device 5, wire feed rolls clamping wire 7
And a segment distance is pushed, when wire 7 is locked by chuck, wire feed rolls unclamps and departs from wire 7.
Wire feed rolls may be provided in outside cavity, may be alternatively provided at cavity inside.When being located at cavity inside, preferentially it is arranged on and becomes
The corresponding position of the node of width bar 3, such as position of flange 4.The power section of wire feed system may be provided in outside cavity.
(the D0 in cavity of wire 7<D1), cavity can be straight-through, as shown in figure 1, can also front end lead directly to, rear portion
Tilt, as shown in Figure 2.
The front portion of wire 7 device 5 that is locked is locked, and the rear portion that wire 7 leaves cavity is bent by way of elastic deformation
Certain angle, to keep a segment length of the extensional vibration of wire 7 as certain value, namely the load of ultrasonic transformer 3 is certain.
Particularly, if the raw material of powder processed is the metal for being difficult to elastic deformation, the metal bar being such as relatively large in diameter can then be adopted
Keep the length of load patch certain with the mode of segmentation connection.
Wire 7 can be polished rod, can also process thread like groove (Roll pressures, rolling) to strengthen and lock
Tightness between device 5 or ultrasonic transformer 3, now locker 5 or the inner chamber of ultrasonic transformer 3 and the contact site of wire 7 also be provided with
The projection matched, as shown in Figure 3.
The ultrasonic wave produced by the supersonic generator of ultrasonic vibration system, transducer 2, ultrasonic transformer 3 is delivered to metal
7 tops of silk, form pitch amplitude.
The top of wire 7 can be emitted into powder by thermal source heating fusing a thin layer, then through ultrasonic atomizatio, be deposited as powder bed.
As a kind of embodiment, thermal source can be high energy beam (such as electron beam, laser, plasma) or other thermals source
One or more of combinations in (such as radio-frequency induction coil).
It should be noted that the ultrasonic vibration system in the present invention include supersonic generator, transducer 2 and its
His component is technical characteristic well-known to those skilled in the art；Excessive introduction need not be done again.
The device that ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust should also include the parts such as necessary circuit, support, base, herein
Repeat no more.
If in addition, the device that ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust is individually used as when preparing metal dust, should also wrap
Include other facilities necessary to conventional powder by atomization, such as spray chamber, powder sieving and collecting packing system, vacuum system, gas
Regulation and control system etc., will not be repeated here.
On the other hand, the operation principle of the device of metal dust is prepared the invention discloses ultrasonic vibration atomization, including：
1) wire 7 is locked on ultrasonic transformer 3 under the coupling mechanism force effect of locker 5, and stretches out one section.
2) the energy size and scanning pattern of adjustment high energy beam.High energy beam is irradiated in the termination of wire 7, is thermally formed liquid
Metal film.
3) ultrasonic vibration makes liquid metal atomization be emitted into powder.
4) ultrasonic wave stops vibration, and applicator 6 applies relaxation force on locker 5, makes ultrasonic transformer 3 or locker 5 and gold
Category silk 7 is disengaged.
5) wire 7 is pushed forward certain length by wire feeder 8, to supplement the part of atomization loss, keeps stretching out one section
Length it is constant.
6) applicator 6 lays down relaxation force, and the coupling mechanism force of locker 5 makes wire 7 be locked.
7) performance such as the pattern of powder, granularity can be carried out by thickness of the frequency of ultrasonic wave and molten metal layer etc.
Adjustment.And the frequency of ultrasonic wave is carried out by the frequency for changing supersonic generator and the length for changing the load patch of wire 7
Adjustment.Energy size, the exposure time of the thickness of molten metal layer then by changing high energy beam etc. is adjusted.
The third aspect, 3D printing system is aided in the invention discloses a kind of ultrasonic atomizatio powder, as shown in figure 5, including：It is super
Sound powder by atomization subsystem P, high energy beam subsystem B, work station subsystem W, control system C and other assistant subsystems.
Wherein, ultrasonic atomizatio milling subsystem P：Include the device that foregoing ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust,
Also include wire feeder, position adjusting mechanism etc..
High energy beam subsystem B：Generation and its energy and track and position including high energy beam (preferential for electron beam)
Regulating and controlling mechanism.The generation of high energy beam prepares the device thermal source of metal dust, the high energy beam B1 of generation using ultrasonic vibration atomization
It is used for fusing metal powder for fusing metal silk 7, B2.
Workbench W：Put down including operating position regulation and control (D translation, rotation, inclination) mechanism, powder container W1, powder
The mechanisms such as paving, auxiliary heating and cooling.
Other assistant subsystems：Including mechanism for monitoring M, atmosphere regulation and controlling organization A, powder collection, isolation, hauler
Structure and baffle plate etc..
Central control subsystem C：Setup parameter, is compared with the data of monitoring, calculates and send finger to each subsystem
Order.
The operation principle of ultrasonic atomizatio powder auxiliary 3D printing system is as follows：
(1) raw material of powder by atomization is wire 7 (or rod, referred to collectively below as silk), its composition and 3D printing part into
Tap is near, and a certain amount should be suitably augmented in the easy scaling loss of reflow process in its component.
(2) when needing, the front end of wire 7 in ultrasonic atomizatio milling subsystem P is irradiated by high energy B1, and heating fusing is formed
Liquid film is simultaneously turned into metal dust, the powder container W1 for being then deposited into work station subsystem W by ultrasonic atomizatio, forms certain
The powder bed of thickness.Appropriate baffle plate can be set, prevent powder from removing baffle plate after depositing to external container, deposition.It can lead to
Cross the modes such as rotation, translation, inclination and adjust the ginsengs such as ultrasonic atomizatio milling subsystem P and work station subsystem W angle, distance
Number, makes layer thickness uniform.Angle and energy can be irradiated by adjusting wire 7 and powder container W1 distance, high energy beam B1
The parameters such as amount, change temperature, shape, the granularity of deposited powder, particularly for increasing the cohesive force between powder, prevent from " blowing
Powder ".
(3) forward end of wire 7 feeds a segment distance to supplement the part for being atomized into powder and losing, and keeps load constant
Or the frequency of ultrasonic transformer 3 is constant.When needing to change powder size, shape, it can adjust the distance of the feeding of wire 7 to change frequency
Rate, while adjusting supersonic generator frequency to adapt to it.
(4) control high energy beam B2 irradiates powder bed ad-hoc location with certain energy, angle and track, carries out selective melting,
Progressively shaped after being scanned by the strategy of setting.
(5) powder in powder-storing machine is laid in powder bed by powder distribution device, forms new powder bed.
(6) repeat step (2)-(5), finally give metal parts, and residual powder is collected into powder-storing machine.
Although above-mentioned the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to present invention protection model
The limitation enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay various modifications or deform still within protection scope of the present invention that creative work can make.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that including：Ultrasonic vibration system, ultrasound
Ripple luffing device, wire, fastening system, wire feed system and thermal source；
The ultrasonic vibration system is connected with ultrasonic variable amplitude device, and the ultrasonic variable amplitude device is tubular or at least existed
Leading section sets cavity；The wire passes through the cavity by wire feed system；Set on the ultrasonic variable amplitude device
Fastening system；The thermal source is arranged on the exit position of the cavity.
2. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization as claimed in claim 1 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that the ultrasound
Ripple luffing device is single ultrasonic transformer, and the ultrasonic transformer is tubular or at least sets cavity in leading section.
3. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization as claimed in claim 2 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that the locking
System includes locker and applicator；The locker is fixed on the front end of ultrasonic transformer, and the locker without external force when acting on
Lock the front end of wire；The applicator is fixed on ultrasonic transformer, can be produced to be pressed on locker and is brought it about elasticity
The power of deformation.
4. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization as claimed in claim 1 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that the ultrasound
Ripple luffing device is the combination of at least two ultrasonic transformers, the ultrasonic transformer formation center cavity of the combination.
5. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization as claimed in claim 4 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that the locking
System includes locker and applicator；The locker is fixed on ultrasonic transformer, by coupling mechanism force by least two ultrasonic transformer groups
It is combined into an entirety；The applicator is fixed on ultrasonic transformer, can be produced to be pressed on locker and is brought it about elastic deformation
Power.
6. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization as described in claim 3 or 5 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that in institute
Upper setting cooler on applicator is stated, cooling effect is played to ultrasonic transformer during with ultrasonic transformer work end in contact.
7. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization as claimed in claim 1 prepares the device of metal dust, it is characterised in that the metal
Silk front portion is locked, and the rear portion that wire leaves cavity bends set angle by way of elastic deformation, to keep wire
One segment length of extensional vibration is fixed value.
8. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization as claimed in claim 1 prepares the method for work of the device of metal dust, its feature exists
In comprising the following steps：
(1) wire is locked device locking, and stretches out the segment length of ultrasonic transformer one；
(2) the energy size and scanning pattern of adjustment thermal source, Source is thermally formed liquid metal in wire termination
Film；
(3) ultrasonic vibration system, which produces ultrasonic vibration, makes liquid metal film atomization be emitted into powder；
(4) ultrasonic wave stops vibration, and applicator applies relaxation force on locker, locker is disengaged with wire；
(5) wire is pushed forward certain length by wire feed system, to keep the length for stretching out one section of ultrasonic transformer constant；
(6) applicator lays down relaxation force, and the coupling mechanism force of locker makes wire be locked again.
9. a kind of ultrasonic vibration atomization as claimed in claim 8 prepares the method for work of the device of metal dust, its feature exists
In,
The pattern of metal dust, granularity are changed by the thickness of the frequency and molten metal layer that change ultrasonic wave；
The frequency of the ultrasonic wave is born by changing the frequency for the ultrasonic wave that ultrasonic vibration system is produced and changing wire
The length for carrying section is adjusted；
The thickness of the molten metal layer is adjusted by changing the energy size and exposure time of thermal source.
10. a kind of 3D printing system, it is characterised in that including：Ultrasonic vibration atomization described in claim 1 prepares metal dust
Device, work station subsystem and position adjusting mechanism；
The device for preparing metal dust by ultrasonic vibration atomization prepares metal dust, and the metal dust of the preparation deposits to work
Make station subsystem；
The thermal source that the device of metal dust is prepared by ultrasonic vibration atomization enters to the metal dust for depositing to work station subsystem
Row selective melting；
Distance, the irradiation angle of thermal source and the energy parameter of wire and work station subsystem are adjusted by position adjusting mechanism,
Change temperature, shape, the granularity of deposited metal powder, prevent " blowing powder ".
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