CN107138238A - Simultaneously coil spring is not ground pitches with hybrid density vibration of media - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention is pitches not simultaneously coil spring and hybrid density medium elemental body vibromill, the main vibrating system includes being used as the vibrating motor of exciting source and the mill tube being fixed together with the vibrating motor by Frequency Converter Control, the vibrating motor, the mill tube and the upper upper plastid of plastid plate composition, the upper end of main vibration spring group is connected with upper plastid, lower end is connected by base with ground, main vibration spring group is made up of several pitches not doubling-up helical springs, pitches not doubling-up helical spring at least 4 encloses the effective helix angle of the above, and the central diameter of effective helix angle is change central diameter spiral, central diameter is typically distributed in Rearrangments from the middle to both ends.There is ultramicro powder refinement, de-agglomerated, powder product to be distributed that band narrows, energy consumption is low, mill efficiency is high, capacity usage ratio is high and effective accumulation of energy, energy-conservation, steady running, the features such as noise, vibration isolating effect are good is significantly reduced by the present invention.

Description

Simultaneously coil spring is not ground pitches with hybrid density vibration of media

Technical field

For material fining powder the milling equipment prepared is vibrated the present invention relates to a kind of, be a kind of there are pitches not simultaneously Coil spring, medium are the elemental body vibromill that hybrid density is matched, and belong to vibration using the interdisciplinary science technology with powder technology.

Background technology

Vibromill is the vibrating mechanical equipment that material fining grinding operation is completed using vibration principle, existing superfine powder In technology of preparing, vibromill is with other preparation methods if any gas phase synthesis method, liquid phase synthesizing method, comminution by gas stream, roller mill method Etc. comparing, with the advantage, existing vibromill branch such as mechanical mass activity is big, purification is convenient, cost is low, simple in construction, efficiency is high Support spring and typically use line style equal pitch helical spring；Its medium generally uses isodensity medium, and such as abrasion-resistant stee, zirconium oxide are single One density medium.

The elemental body structure of vibromill, shows between the vibration plastid and base that are made up of cylinder and vibrator, is to pass through Spiral compression spring is connected, the vibration that vibration plastid is produced, and ground can be directly acted on by spring pedestal, but due to double mass Vibromill is related to main vibration isolation design, and its structure is relative complex, cost is higher, therefore practical application person is few.

In Practical Project, the parameter such as vibrational system quality, exciting force, damping force is mostly change person, such as vibromill Medium, the mill of grinding charge material formation of system in itself are situated between and flowed, and constantly throw, fall in motion process, and actually one Nonlinear change can also occur wherein for the process of individual complicated mass change, damping, and the bias of the inclined block formation of vibrating motor swashs Power of shaking is change with the change of corner non-linear, and vibration grinding system is actually a typical nonlinear system, is One has the strong nonlinear vibration system for determining excitation and uncertain response.

The load character curve for the equal pitch helical spring that existing vibrating machine is generally used for linear line, for etc. rigidity spiral shell Spring is revolved, the actual condition of mission nonlinear, such as jigging conveyer, vibrating scalper, vibrating mill is not accounted for, due to motion The system load moment is all in change under state, therefore the stiffness helix spring such as uses, though there are simple in construction, low cost and other advantages, so There is low big noise, power consumption height, efficiency, maintenance frequency height, equipment life low problem.

Normal spiral spring is linear characteristic wire spring, and its load is linear with deforming；Variable-pitch screw spring is then For nonlinear characteristic wire spring, its load is in non-linear relation with deformation, and with special performance, the load of all of which reaches After to a certain degree, the stress in material section is changed along the length of material.Therefore, the size of material will be according to maximum Stress is determined；The height or length of spring will be determined according to deformation required after stand under load.

Normal linear spring can not realize variation rigidity, then can not realize the vibration coupling with above-mentioned complex vibration system or association Vibration is adjusted, thus efficiency is low, energy consumption is big, noise is big.How so that the change of vibrational system rigidity and elastic force, with its in system The active force that it varies goes to realize vibration coupling, to reach the purpose of efficient energy-saving, be one be worth discussion the problem of, this hair The introducing of bright variable-pitch spring, the need for exactly this research.

Recent domestic experts and scholars are inquiring into the solution of above mentioned problem always, due to equal pitch, constant stiffness spiral shell Rotation metal spring is easily designed, easily manufactured, good economy performance, therefore is widely used for a long time.In summary, while overcoming above-mentioned The new grinding machine with efficient energy-saving of problem is not yet suggested so far.

The content of the invention

The present invention provides a kind of pitches, and simultaneously coil spring, hybrid density vibration of media are not ground, with elemental body technical characteristic, Main vibration spring is pitches not doubling-up variable rate spring；It is to improve impact of the mill Jie's ball in relative motion in cylinder, extrude, cut The energy cut, collided, implements hybrid density medium size composition optimal design-aside, with existing widely used common vibrating mill system phase Than, with obvious efficiency high, noise is small the features such as, it is intended to effectively solve existing vibromill all the time, it is pendent to make an uproar Sound is big, the low technical bottleneck problem of efficiency.

The new elemental body vibromill of the present invention takes following technology to realize：

The present invention is pitches not simultaneously coil spring and hybrid density medium elemental body vibromill, and the main vibrating system is included by becoming What frequency device was controlled is used as the vibrating motor of exciting source and the mill tube being fixed together with the vibrating motor, the vibration electricity Machine, the mill tube are connected with the upper upper plastid of plastid plate composition, the upper end of main vibration spring group with upper plastid, and lower end passes through base It is connected with ground.

The main vibration spring group is made up of several pitches not doubling-up helical springs, each spring by a steel wire coil around Structure is formed, and described steel wire is wound into variable-pitch screw structure according to design data, and steel wire is wound into variable-pitch screw structure, is become Pitch not doubling-up helical spring at least 4 enclose the above effective helix angle, and effective helix angle central diameter for become central diameter spiral, central diameter from Centre is typically distributed to two ends in Rearrangments.

Further improvement of the present invention is：The main vibration spring edge and vibrating motor main shaft vertical direction in vibromill Put number row, placed several rows along with vibrating motor main axis parallel direction, constitute the uniform state of spring.

Further improvement of the present invention is：The mill tube medium is two or more different proportioning.

Elemental body vibromill of the present invention is mainly made up of main vibrating system, and vibrating motor is used as exciting in main vibrating system Source, can reach the purpose for becoming exciting force, what is be fixed together with vibrating motor is mill tube by Frequency Converter Control, both with it is upper Plastid plate constitutes plastid together, and main vibration spring group upper end is connected by short guiding column with upper plastid, and lower end passes through base and ground It is connected.After energization, by Frequency Converter Control vibrating motor, to change exciting force, vibrating motor makees approximate circle shake with mill tube It is dynamic so that mill, which is situated between, in mill tube produces mutually motion, so, in cylinder and stick to mill be situated between and barrel on powder due to hitting, Rub to reach the purpose of grinding.The vibromill by main vibration spring group, base with ground by bolt group concrete mutually, can be with Prevent moving horizontally for vibrating mill.

The load envnlope line of the pitches not doubling-up helical spring is cumulative type non-linear line, and be it is continuous or point Section is continuous, and this is conducive to preventing the generation of its resonance and flutter；Due to the change of central diameter, in the different pitches of identical steel wire diameter In the case of, decrement during adjacent two steel wires doubling-up, variable-pitch spring is big compared with common spring.It is special according to the structure of this spring Point, it is considered to the condition of not doubling-up, can be achieved the not doubling-up of grinder system main vibration spring, the noise zero for producing spring doubling-up.

Due to the pitch variation of the helical structure of composition pitches not doubling-up helical spring, there is the present invention obvious non- Linear and required variation rigidity feature, i.e., the system stiffness that spring of the present invention is constituted has the variation rigidity increased and decreased with loads increasing or decreasing Feature, makes the effective accumulation of energy of system, energy-conservation, steady running, significantly reduces the purpose of noise to reach.

The pitches not doubling-up helical spring group formula double-mass vibrating mill, spring hangs down in vibromill along with electric machine main shaft Nogata is multiple rows of to putting, and places some rows along with electric machine main shaft parallel direction, the uniform state of spring is constituted, so that vibromill is more preferable Work.

The spring design of vibrational system, did not almost account for the factor of not doubling-up, both due to traditional design so far Limitation, it is more and calculate numerous and diverse to there are influence not doubling-up associated technical parameters again, thus not only noise is big for system, and energy consumption High, efficiency is low.According to the design feature of this spring, the condition of not doubling-up is analyzed and studied in present invention research from working mechanism, The not doubling-up of main vibration spring in the grinder system course of work can be achieved, the noise zero for producing spring doubling-up.

Vibromill is to utilize the vibration for vibrating mill tube generation certain frequency so that the medium such as ball or rod in cylinder produces inertia Power has compact conformation, volume with comminuting matter, the acceleration of mill tube vibration to complete to impact typically up to 6g-12g Small, lightweight, properties of powder performace concentration, process simplification, the advantages of simple to operate, easy to maintenance, liner plate Medium Replacement is easy, can be wide It is general to be used for the industry powder such as metallurgy, building materials, mine, fire resisting, chemical industry, glass, ceramics, graphite.

The medium that existing vibromill technology is used, size can pass through experiment or numerical simulation according to different material It is compared, to determine optimum gradation, it is substantially single density medium that its right density, which is chosen, typically using forged steel, wear-resisting Steel, wear resistant cast iron, high chrome, middle chromium steel, zirconium oxide etc., its shape can be spherical or round bar shape, but mill tube to be further added by and Acceleration during media impingement material, single density medium is almost helpless, and appropriate selection two or more not With the medium size composition of density, such as wolfram steel, abrasion-resistant stee, in the throwing of grinding process, collision process, due to its density of material difference About 2 times, then cause that mill in cylinder is situated between involve, relative velocity and involve, the motion value such as relative acceleration increases severely, and necessarily causes it Impact energy is greatly improved, as the necessary condition for improving mill efficiency.

The realization of hybrid density media technology main points, can reach generation impact, shearing, extruding etc. in grinding operation a variety of The Practical Project effect of the combining ability effect of power, some work barrier for overcoming vibrating machine solve vibrating machine special It is some key technologies of vibromill or the bottleneck problem of restriction development, such as solves ultramicro powder in vibromill and do not refine, easily roll into a ball Gather, powder product distribution band is big compared with wide and energy consumption, mill efficiency is low, the low problem of capacity usage ratio, and then realize material Ultra-fine or ultramicro grinding, reduction energy consumption, raising efficiency, with significant engineering effort, economic and social benefit, due to high density Medium is using the financial cost for causing grinding machine exciting power slightly to be lifted, compared with the economic benefit that the present invention is produced, for chasing after The target of high-quality powder is asked to can be ignored substantially.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：Vibrating mill of the present invention is compared with common elemental body grinding machine, due to non- Linear main vibrating system, on the one hand can bear bigger exciting force, on the other hand can effectively reduce vibrating mill shakes to ground Dynamic influence, reaches good energy-saving effect；The rigidity of the variable-pitch spring can be with the change of grinder system maximum load Change, the effect with accumulation of energy, energy-conservation, not doubling-up of the main vibration spring under maximum load so that system noise is significantly reduced and moved State stability is greatly increased, and overall efficiency is obviously improved；In the case of hybrid density medium size composition optimal design-aside, with existing mill Machine system is compared, from Media density this angle examination, and it is even more apparent to improve the advantages such as high, the reduction energy consumption of system effectiveness.

The effect of the present invention is positive, obvious and unique, and it has ultramicro powder refinement, de-agglomerated, powder product point Strap narrows, energy consumption is low, mill efficiency is high, capacity usage ratio is high and effective accumulation of energy, energy-conservation, steady running, significantly reduces and makes an uproar The features such as sound, vibration isolating effect are good.The above-mentioned technology of the present invention, is effectively solving existing vibromill pendent energy all the time Consume in big, the low technical bottleneck problem of efficiency, the step crossed over will be realized.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is vibromill structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is main vibration spring schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is that two spring characteristic curves compare before and after amendment of the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is main vibration spring of embodiment of the present invention rigidity and load matched curve figure.

Fig. 5 is main vibration spring component Butut of the embodiment of the present invention.

Embodiment

In order to deepen the understanding of the present invention, present invention work is further retouched in detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples State, the embodiment is only used for explaining the present invention, protection scope of the present invention is not constituted and limited.

It is that mill Jie's packing factor is set to 65% in vibration milling machine structure sketch of the present invention, cylinder, mill tube medium is shown in Fig. 1 Abrasion-proof steel ball, wolfram steel ball, two kinds of mill betweenness amount ratios are 6:4, a diameter of 2 mm of mill Jie, 3.5 mm, 5 mm, 6.5mm, material is super Hard fine powder body, grinding machine vibration frequency is 1450 rpm, surveys amplitude<22mm, shakes strong<20.

It is mainly old to left avertence block portion point because the structure of vibrating motor or so block portion point partially is full symmetric on central plane State, right avertence block portion point is identical with left avertence block some embodiments；Due to symmetry, during motion or so partially block portion point easily realize it is same Step, occasionally there is nonsynchronous situation in short-term, because rotor axis of electric has enough rigidity and intensity, therefore the axial moment of couple produced Completely in system tolerance range.The present invention to be mainly characterized by exciting force, amplitude, frequency, the parameter variation range such as strong that shakes big, Its size, action time can be control effectively by frequency converter.

As shown in figure 1, the upper plastid of vibration direct drive and mill tube produced during each inclined block rotation on vibrating motor, mill tube Built with medium and powder, vibration makes the mill such as steel ball in mill tube be situated between to produce material collision, impact, shearing, extruding and rubbing with the hands and grind, Reach material is crushed and fine grinding purpose, by adjust the inclined block of major-minor angle, change grind be situated between level with selection, implement The measures such as VFC, certain frequency high amplitude, Gao Zhenqiang vibration crushing effect needed for can producing.

The upper plastid of grinding machine of the present invention is main to be made up of upper plastid plate 2, vibrating motor 5, the consolidation of mill tube 1, has mill to be situated between in cylinder With powder, it is connected between upper plastid and base 3 with main vibration spring 4；Base is with ground with bolt group concrete mutually.Working condition Under, by Frequency Converter Control vibrating motor, change exciting force by changing transient state rotational frequency, and then change amplitude, shake strong become Change curve, reach the purpose of efficient grinding.

The present invention is from the medium size composition of two kinds of different densities, i.e. wolfram steel, abrasion-resistant stee, in the throwing of grinding process, collides During, because its density of material differs about 2 times, then cause that mill in cylinder is situated between involve, relative velocity and involve, relative acceleration Deng motion value increase severely, due to greatly improving for impact energy, then generate raising mill efficiency, reduction smashing fineness, Reduce the multi-effect of noise.

As shown in Fig. 2 pitches not doubling-up helical spring by a steel wire coil around constituting, described steel wire coil by design around Into variable-pitch screw structure, the Parameters variation such as design visible system quality, exciting force of variable-pitch spring is improved.Pitches Not doubling-up helical spring at least 4 encloses the effective helix angle of the above, and the effective pitch of effective helix angle is the spiral of equal pitch, spiral Central diameter is from centre to two ends Rearrangments.

The load envnlope line of the spring is cumulative type non-linear line, and is continuous or zonal cooling：This is conducive to Prevent the generation of its resonance and flutter；The big I of pitch is that different pitches are taken between each is enclosed, or a few circles are one group Take into several different pitches；Pitch can ascending unidirectional array, also can be by bi-directional arrangement broad in the middle small in ends.

The pitch of pitches not doubling-up helical spring is identical, and spiral central diameter is from centre to two ends Rearrangments.Pitches are not Doubling-up helical spring plays support framework, with good nonlinear characteristic and damping and amortization, is particularly carried during work in system Lotus increases, is mutated or can played when overloading and occurring doubling-up raising bearing capacity, increase system stiffness and noise reduction, noise reduction, vibration damping Effect.

Set in embodiment the nonlinear characteristic line equation of main vibration spring as：

(1)

In formula：A system transient load in office and corresponding deformation,For undetermined coefficient.

According to system loading conditions, if the number of main vibration spring is n, the static load plastid quality determined by system can must be Single spring institute is loaded during system static load is

N

During system motion, maximum dynamic loading is suffered by single spring

N （2）

Above formula will consider at 2 points：

(1) minimum load situation is static load scenario, and now single spring stress is。

(2) additional load caused by each spring Dynamic And Static Loads and its uneven effect, takes each spring stand under load nonuniformity coefficient For 1.4, the experimental test situation of the not doubling-up of Dynamic And Static Loads consideration vibromill minimum rigidity coil spring, selectionMost Big dead load, adds vibrating motor exciting and causes maximum inertia force, it is used as maximum dynamic loading.

Three point coordinates of nonlinear characteristic line can be obtained accordingly, and then determine constant, obtain nonlinear characteristic line bullet Spring deformation under load equation.According to vibrating mill engineering site situation and design experiences, shear modulus is takenG, allowable shear stress can be obtained, mean diameter of coil D, spring filament diameter d are chosen, spring design manual is looked into, according to curling up ratio, curvature correction factor K is taken, then is calculated Spring can be obtained and respectively enclose rigidity, spring rate before and after each circle doubling-up、, load during each circle doubling-up, pitchDeng calculating As a result.Calculating process is carried out MATLAB programing operations, by changing mean diameter of coilDAnd spring filament diameterd, different bullets can be obtained Spring natural length H, spring-mass and displacement, it is ensured that spring not doubling-up, the reasonability of assay under maximum load effect.

From the foregoing, because pitch from two ends to centre be two-way incremental arrangement, therefore the 2nd, 6 enclose met maximum functional Not doubling-up requirement under load, to ensure with certain safe clearance and pitches requirement, the spacing value ratio of the 3rd, 4,5 three circle 2nd, 6 circles are big, each circle deformation of springThere is following relation with the spacing of each circle：

（3）

Data above is substituted into the formula (1) for having determined that undetermined coefficient, revised spring load deformation characteristic equation can be obtained, thus The two spring non-linear hard characteristic wire spring load and deformation curve before and after correcting can be made, as shown in figure 3, as can be seen from Figure, Revised curve has more preferable variation rigidity characteristic.Wherein, curve 1 is curve after amendment, and curve 2 is curve before amendment.

Analyzed from Fig. 4, system variant increases and increased with system load under varions type load；Increase when load is mutated During to certain value, always due to not reaching maximum dynamic loading, therefore spring will not doubling-up, now system variant increase and several with load It is unchanged, obvious hardware features nonlinear characteristic is presented, this is beneficial to increase amplitude stability.

Rigidity before each circle doubling-up is plotted into curve as shown in Figure 4 with the rule of load change, as can be seen from Figure：It is single Spring load from minimum load to maximum load in the range of the rigidity curve of load be approximately a straight line, i.e., now system stiffness with Load is substantially linear.

Accordingly, the stability of hardware features nonlinear system amplitude can be further illustrated.By the natural frequency of vibration of spring

(4)

Analysis is understood, in variable mass system, when rigidity is linear change with load, thenωIt is still a constant, because the system is Worked under Near resonance oscillating situation, and its amplitude near Near resonance oscillating area, by (4), formula is knownIt is substantially constant, r For the damped coefficient of system, change also little, if now exciting forceFIt is substantially constant,ThenFor constant, therefore under Near resonance oscillating state Amplitude is substantially constant, and this just illustrates now system amplitude stability, and working condition is steady.

Non-linear variable-pitch spring makes system stiffness change with load change, not only the feature with efficient energy-saving, together When system amplitude can be made basicly stable.Therefore it is changed to fit as the normal spiral compression spring of main vibration spring during conventional vibration is ground Suitable non-linear variable-pitch screw compression spring, can reach systems stabilisation amplitude, realizes the purpose of system high efficiency energy-conservation.

As shown in figure 5, the distribution situation of pitches not doubling-up helical spring group, pitches not doubling-up helical spring is in vibromill Two rows are put along with electric machine main shaft vertical direction, position 1-6 is placement location of the spring in vibromill, along side parallel with electric machine main shaft To 3 rows are placed, 6 uniform states of spring are constituted, so that mill tube can normally complete vibratory milling work.

Claims (3)

1. Simultaneously 1. coil spring is not ground pitches with hybrid density vibration of media, including main vibrating system, it is characterised in that：The master, which shakes, is System is included by Frequency Converter Control as the vibrating motor of exciting source and the mill tube being fixed together with the vibrating motor, The vibrating motor, the mill tube are connected with the upper upper plastid of plastid plate composition, the upper end of main vibration spring group with upper plastid, under End is connected by base with ground；

   The main vibration spring group is made up of several pitches not doubling-up helical springs, each spring by a steel wire coil around structure and Into steel wire is wound into variable-pitch screw structure, and pitches not doubling-up helical spring at least 4 encloses the effective helix angle of the above, and has The central diameter of spiral is imitated to become central diameter spiral, central diameter is typically distributed in Rearrangments from the middle to both ends.
2. 2. simultaneously coil spring is not ground pitches with hybrid density vibration of media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The master The spring that shakes puts number row, edge and vibrating motor main axis parallel direction placement number in vibromill along with vibrating motor main shaft vertical direction OK, the uniform state of spring is constituted.
3. 3. simultaneously coil spring is not ground pitches with hybrid density vibration of media according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The mill Cylinder medium is two or more different proportioning.