CN107135669B - Management device and power storage system - Google Patents
Management device and power storage system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107135669B CN107135669B CN201680004563.5A CN201680004563A CN107135669B CN 107135669 B CN107135669 B CN 107135669B CN 201680004563 A CN201680004563 A CN 201680004563A CN 107135669 B CN107135669 B CN 107135669B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
- H01M10/482—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J1/00—Circuit arrangements for dc mains or dc distribution networks
- H02J1/10—Parallel operation of dc sources
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/0048—Detection of remaining charge capacity or state of charge [SOC]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0047—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with monitoring or indicating devices or circuits
- H02J7/005—Detection of state of health [SOH]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0068—Battery or charger load switching, e.g. concurrent charging and load supply
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/02—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries for charging batteries from ac mains by converters
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/165—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values
- G01R19/16533—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application
- G01R19/16538—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies
- G01R19/16542—Indicating that current or voltage is either above or below a predetermined value or within or outside a predetermined range of values characterised by the application in AC or DC supplies for batteries
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/50—Testing of electric apparatus, lines, cables or components for short-circuits, continuity, leakage current or incorrect line connections
- G01R31/74—Testing of fuses
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
- H02J7/00304—Overcurrent protection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
A management device (10) that manages a power storage device (20), wherein the power storage device (20) connects a plurality of power storage blocks (B1-B3) in series, wherein a plurality of series circuits of power storage cells are connected in parallel to fuses in the plurality of power storage blocks (B1-B3), and wherein a balance control unit (15) performs balance control between the power storage blocks (B1-B3) in a state in which a voltage difference between the power storage blocks exceeds a set voltage difference. Fuse blowout determining unit 18 determines whether or not a fuse is blown based on the frequency of equalization performed by equalization control unit 15.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a management device and a power storage system for performing balance control between a plurality of power storage blocks constituting a power storage module.
Background
In a battery module in which battery blocks each having a plurality of battery cells connected in parallel are connected in series, a fuse for overcurrent interruption connected in series to each battery cell is fused when an excessive current flows, and interrupts a path. When the number of fuses blown out increases in each battery block, the amount of current in the other battery cells in which the fuses are not blown out increases, and the load on the other battery cells increases. Therefore, a structure for detecting the blowing of the fuse is required.
For example, it is conceivable to detect the voltage across the fuse and detect the blowout of the fuse, but if the number of battery cells is large, the number of wirings increases, and the circuit area and cost increase. It is also considered that the fuse is blown out from the relationship between the amount Of change in SOC (State Of Charge) Of the battery block and the assumed amount Of change in SOC Of the State in which the fuse is not blown out (see, for example, patent document 1). However, when the SOC is obtained by the current integration method, the method of detecting the fusion of the fuse based on the SOC variation is affected by an error in current measurement.
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 2013-160539
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a technique capable of detecting the presence or absence of blowing of a fuse connected to a cell at low cost and with high accuracy.
Means for solving the problems
In order to solve the above problem, a management device according to an aspect of the present invention manages an electrical storage device in which a plurality of electrical storage blocks in which a plurality of series circuits of a fuse and an electrical storage unit are connected in parallel are connected in series, the management device including: a balance control unit that performs balance control between the power storage blocks in a state where a voltage difference between the power storage blocks exceeds a set voltage difference; and a blowout determination unit that determines whether or not the fuse is blown based on the frequency of the balancing by the balancing control unit.
In addition, any combination of the above-described constituent elements and a mode of converting the expression of the present invention between a method, an apparatus, a system, and the like are also effective as a mode of the present invention.
Effects of the invention
According to the present invention, the presence or absence of the blowing of the fuse connected to the cell can be detected at low cost and with high accuracy.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a power storage module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining an electric storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing voltages of the 1 st cell block to the 3 rd cell block after charging or discharging from a state where voltages of the 1 st cell block to the 3 rd cell block coincide according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of processing for determining whether or not the fuse is blown according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of processing for determining whether or not the fuse is blown according to embodiment 2.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the equalization integration time after charging and the equalization integration time after discharging for each battery block.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention relate to a battery management device that manages an electricity storage module. In the present embodiment, the target power storage module is a power storage module in which a plurality of battery blocks in which fuses are connected in parallel with a plurality of series circuits of battery cells are connected in series. For the battery cell, a lithium ion battery cell, a nickel hydride battery cell, a lead battery cell, or the like can be used. The voltage of the power storage module can be increased by connecting the plurality of battery cells in series, and the capacity of the power storage module can be increased by connecting the plurality of battery cells in parallel.
Fig. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a power storage module 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention. In the example shown in fig. 1, 3 battery blocks (the 1 st battery block B1, the 2 nd battery block B2, the 3 rd battery block B3) are connected in series to form the power storage module 20. The 1 st block B1 has fuses F11 to F120 connected to the positive electrodes of the 20 battery cells S11 to S120, respectively, and has 20 battery cells S11 to S120 with fuses connected in parallel. Fig. 1 shows an example in which cylindrical lithium ion batteries are connected in parallel to form a battery block. Similarly to the 1 st cell block B1, the 2 nd cell block B2 has fuses F21 to F220 connected to the positive electrodes of the 20 cells S21 to S220, respectively, and has 20 cells S21 to S220 with fuses connected in parallel. Similarly, in the 3 rd block B3, fuses F31 to F320 are connected to the positive electrodes of the 20 battery cells S31 to S320, respectively, and the 20 battery cells S31 to S320 with fuses are connected in parallel.
The 1 st cell block B1 is connected in parallel with the 1 st equalizing circuit 21, the 2 nd cell block B2 is connected in parallel with the 2 nd equalizing circuit 22, and the 3 rd cell block B3 is connected in parallel with the 3 rd equalizing circuit 23. In fig. 1, an example is depicted in which the 1 st equalizing circuit 21 is constituted by a series circuit of the 1 st discharge switch SW1 and the 1 st resistor R1. The 2 nd equalization circuit 22 and the 3 rd equalization circuit 23 are also configured in the same manner. This configuration is a type in which the voltages of the 1 st cell block B1 to the 3 rd cell block B3 are equalized by discharging. In the 1 st cell block B1 to the 3 rd cell block B3, the voltage of the other cell blocks is made to coincide with the voltage of the cell block having the lowest voltage, thereby achieving equalization. As an example, the discharge switch of the other battery block is controlled to be in an on state to discharge the other battery block until the voltage of the battery block having the lowest voltage is reduced.
The power storage module 20 is connected to the load 2. For example, in the case of an in-vehicle application, the load 2 is a motor. In this case, an inverter circuit (not shown) is connected between the power storage module 20 and the load 2. In the power running mode, the dc power discharged from the power storage module 20 is converted into ac power by the inverter circuit and supplied to the motor. During regeneration, ac power generated by the motor is converted into dc power by the inverter circuit and charged to the power storage module 20. Further, the battery may be configured to be charged by an external charger when inserted.
In the case of the stationary peak-elimination/backup-use power storage module 20, the load 2 is a system and a general/specific load. In this case, an inverter circuit (not shown) is also connected between the power storage module 20 and the load 2. At the time of charging the power storage module 20, ac power supplied from the system is converted into dc power by the inverter circuit and charged into the power storage module 20. At the time of discharging the power storage module 20, the dc power discharged from the power storage module 20 is converted into ac power by the inverter circuit and is reversely transmitted to the system or is supplied to a general/specific load. In addition, the inverter circuit is not required in the case where the charging source is a dc power source such as a solar power generation system and the load 2 is a dc load. The DC-DC converter may be connected as needed.
Fig. 2 is a diagram for explaining the power storage system 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention. The power storage system 1 includes a power storage module 20 and a battery management device 10. Hereinafter, the power storage module 20 of fig. 1 is assumed to be used as an example of the power storage module 20.
The battery management device 10 includes: a 1 st voltage detection unit 11, a 2 nd voltage detection unit 12, a 3 rd voltage detection unit 13, and a control unit 14. The 1 st voltage detector 11 detects a voltage across the 1 st cell block B1, the 2 nd voltage detector 12 detects a voltage across the 2 nd cell block B2, and the 3 rd voltage detector 13 detects a voltage across the 3 rd cell block B3. The 1 st voltage detection unit 11 to the 3 rd voltage detection unit 13 can be constituted by, for example, a differential amplifier circuit using an operational amplifier.
The control unit 14 includes: a balance control unit 15, a balance implementation information acquisition unit 16, a balance implementation information storage unit 17, and a fuse blowout determination unit 18. The configuration of the control unit 14 can be realized by cooperation of hardware resources and software resources or by hardware resources alone. As the hardware resources, a microcomputer, a DSP, a ROM, a RAM, an FPGA, or another LSI can be used. As the software resource, a program such as firmware can be used.
The balancing control unit 15 performs balancing control between the battery blocks in a state where the voltage difference between the battery blocks exceeds a set voltage difference, based on the voltages of the 1 st battery block B1 to the 3 rd battery block B3 inputted from the 1 st voltage detection unit 11 to the 3 rd voltage detection unit 13. In the present embodiment, the balance control between the 1 st cell block B1 and the 3 rd cell block B3 is performed while the power storage module 20 is not being charged and discharged. In the case of vehicle-mounted use, the equalization control is performed during the period when the ignition is off. The balancing control unit 15 performs the balancing control when the deviation of the voltages (OCV: Open Circuit Voltage) of the 1 st cell block B1 to the 3 rd cell block B3 exceeds 1% by SOC conversion, for example. For example, the discharge switches of the battery blocks having a voltage difference with the battery block having the lowest voltage equal to or greater than a predetermined value may be turned on to match or approach the voltages of the battery blocks. Further, the discharge switches of the battery blocks other than the battery block having the lowest voltage may be turned on to match or approach the voltages of the battery blocks other than the battery block having the lowest voltage to the battery block having the lowest voltage.
The equalization execution information acquiring unit 16 acquires the equalization execution information executed by the equalization control unit 15, and records the equalization execution information in the equalization execution information storage unit 17. In the present embodiment, the equalization execution information is discharge information executed to perform equalization in each battery block. The discharge information includes a discharge time during which the discharge current flows. The balance implementation information storage unit 17 is a nonvolatile storage area for holding balance implementation information of each battery block. Further, the balance implementation information exceeding the storage period is deleted. The fuse blowout determination unit 18 reads the equalization execution information stored in the equalization execution information storage unit 17 for a certain period of time, calculates an equalization frequency, and determines whether or not a fuse is blown based on the calculated equalization frequency.
In the present embodiment, the equalization frequency is defined as the number of discharges used for equalization performed in each battery block for a certain period of time, or the cumulative discharge time used for equalization performed in each battery block for a certain period of time. By the implementation of the equalization control 1 time, for example, in the case where the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2 are discharged, the number of times of discharge of the 1 st cell block B1 and the number of times of discharge of the 2 nd cell block B2 are respectively added by 1. Further, the respective accumulated discharge times are added to the respective discharge times implemented by this equalization. A specific example of determining whether or not the fuse is blown based on the equalizing frequency will be described later.
Even in a state where the fuses F11-F320 are not blown, a deviation is generated in the voltages of the 1 st battery block B1-the 3 rd battery block B3. For example, if the power storage module 20 is left alone, it will discharge itself, but the amount of self-discharge varies depending on the temperature. For example, when self-discharge is performed in a state where the temperature of the 1 st cell block B1 is higher than the temperature of the 2 nd cell block B2, the self-discharge amount of the 1 st cell block B1 becomes large. In addition, variations occur depending on power consumption of the peripheral circuit. For example, in the case where the power sources of the 1 st to 3 rd voltage detecting units 11 to 13 are supplied from the 1 st to 3 rd battery blocks B1 to B3, respectively, variations occur in the voltages of the 1 st to 3 rd battery blocks B1 to B3 due to variations in the power consumption of the 1 st to 3 rd voltage detecting units 11 to 13.
The capacity of the battery block with the at least one fused wire being fused is smaller than the capacity of the battery block with the fused wire not being fused. Therefore, the capacity of the battery block with the fused fuse varies more than the capacity of the battery block without the fused fuse, and a voltage difference is generated between the two. As described above, when the voltage difference between the battery blocks becomes equal to or greater than a certain value, the equalization control operates. In the present embodiment, it is determined whether or not the frequency of the equalization control actually performed is higher than the frequency assumed, and if so, it is estimated that the fuse is blown. In the following example, a state is assumed in which 2 fuses F319 and F320 included in the 3 rd battery block B3 shown in fig. 1 are blown.
Fig. 3 is a diagram showing voltages of the 1 st cell block B1 to the 3 rd cell block B3 after the charging or discharging is performed from a state where voltages of the 1 st cell block B1 to the 3 rd cell block B3 match according to the embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3(a) shows the voltage after charging, and fig. 3(b) shows the voltage after discharging. As described above, since the 2 fuses F319 and F320 of the 3 rd battery block B3 are blown, the 2 battery cells S319 and S320 are disconnected. Therefore, the capacity of the 3 rd cell block B3 becomes smaller than the capacities of the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2. When the power storage module 20 is charged in this state, the SOC of the 3 rd cell block B3 is relatively increased, and therefore the voltage of the 3 rd cell block B3 becomes higher than the voltages of the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2. Conversely, when the power storage module 20 is discharged from this state, the SOC of the 3 rd cell block B3 is relatively reduced, and therefore the voltage of the 3 rd cell block B3 becomes lower than the voltages of the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2.
(example 1)
Next, example 1 in which whether or not the fuse is blown is determined based on the equalizing frequency will be described. In example 1, the total value of the number of times of discharge of all the battery blocks was used. Fuse blowout determining unit 18 compares the total value with a threshold value to determine whether or not a fuse is blown. Alternatively, the total value of the accumulated discharge time of all the battery blocks is used, and the total value is compared with a threshold value to determine whether or not the fuse is blown.
Fig. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of the process of determining whether or not the fuse is blown in embodiment 1. When the voltage difference between the battery blocks exceeds the set voltage difference during the off period of the power storage module 20, the balancing control unit 15 performs the balancing control (S10). The equalization execution information acquiring unit 16 acquires the equalization execution information from the equalization control unit 15 and records the equalization execution information in the equalization execution information storage unit 17 (S11).
When the determination timing of the fuse blowout comes (yes at S12), the fuse blowout determination unit 18 reads the equalization execution information for a certain period from the equalization execution information storage unit 17, and calculates the equalization frequency (S13). The determination period comes every time a certain period elapses. The fixed period is a data collection period in 1 fuse blowing determination process and is set by a designer. Although the equalizing frequency is different between the case where the fuse is blown and the case where the fuse is not blown, the longer the period, the more the period is, the more the tendency thereof to deviate. Therefore, the determination accuracy of the blowing of the fuse is higher as the fixed period is longer. However, the time period from when the fuse is blown to when the blown fuse is recognized is likely to be long. The designer considers this trade-off relationship to determine the value for a certain period.
The fuse blowout determination unit 18 compares the calculated equilibrium frequency with the threshold value (S14), and determines that the blowout of the fuse has occurred when the equilibrium frequency is higher than the threshold value (yes at S14) (S15). When the equilibrium frequency is equal to or less than the threshold value (no at S14), it is determined that the fuse is not blown.
The threshold value is set to a value assumed to be a frequency of equalization that occurs within the above-described fixed period in a state where blowing of the fuse does not occur. The equalization frequency differs depending on the specifications Of the battery cells, SOH (State Of Health), the use Of the power storage module 20, the temperature Of the installation place, and the like. The designer sets the threshold value based on data derived through experiments or simulations. For example, in the power storage module 20 in which the equalization control is performed 3 times in 1 week, the number of assumed discharges in 1 week is 6. The number of times was added with 2 times as a margin, and the threshold value was set to 8 times. In this example, it is determined that the fuse is blown when the number of discharges within 1 week calculated based on the collected data exceeds 8. The threshold value is set by the same consideration in the case of using the discharge time.
The threshold value may also be different depending on the SOH. SOH is the ratio of the current full charge capacity relative to the initial full charge capacity. The battery deteriorates due to use and thus the full charge capacity decreases. If the full charge capacity is reduced, a voltage difference is likely to occur between the battery blocks even in a state where the fuse is not blown. Therefore, the threshold value is set to a larger value as the SOH decreases. Fuse blowout determination unit 18 holds a map of threshold values described for each SOH range. This eliminates the influence of SOH reduction, and can maintain the determination accuracy of the blowing of the fuse within a certain range.
(example 2)
Next, example 2 in which whether or not the fuse is blown is determined based on the equalizing frequency will be described. In example 2, when the equalization execution information acquisition unit 16 collects equalization execution information for each battery block, charge/discharge information indicating whether the last (most recent) charge/discharge before equalization execution is to be charged or discharged is also collected. The equalization execution information acquisition unit 16 classifies the equalization execution information of each battery block into information after charging and information after discharging, and records the information. When the power storage module 20 is used in a vehicle, the equalization execution information acquisition unit 16 acquires charge/discharge information from, for example, an ECU. In the case where the power storage module 20 is used for a stationary peak elimination/backup application, the equalization execution information acquisition unit 16 acquires charge/discharge information from, for example, a power conditioner.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of the process of determining whether or not the fuse is blown according to embodiment 2. When the voltage difference between the battery blocks exceeds the set voltage difference during the off period of the power storage module 20, the balancing control unit 15 performs the balancing control (S20). The equalization execution information acquiring unit 16 acquires charge/discharge information before the equalization control is executed (S21). The equalization execution information acquisition unit 16 acquires the equalization execution information from the equalization control unit 15 (S22). The equalization execution information acquiring unit 16 divides the acquired equalization execution information into the post-charge and post-discharge states and records the divided states in the equalization execution information storage unit 17 for each battery pack (S23).
When the determination timing of the fuse blowout comes (yes at S24), the fuse blowout determination unit 18 reads the equalization execution information for a certain period from the equalization execution information storage unit 17, and calculates the equalization integration time divided into the time after charge and the time after discharge for each battery block (S25). In the present embodiment, the accumulated discharge time is used as the equilibrium accumulated time. An initial value "1" is set for the parameter n (S26).
The fuse blowout determination unit 18 determines whether or not the charged equalization integration time of the cell block (n) is greater than the average of the charged equalization integration times of the cell blocks (except for n) by a 1 st set value α or more, and whether or not the discharged equalization integration time of the cell block (n) is smaller than the average of the discharged equalization integration times of the cell blocks (except for n) by a 2 nd set value β or more (S27). When these 2 conditions are satisfied (yes at S27), the fuse blowout determination unit 18 determines that the blowout of the fuse included in the battery block (n) has occurred (S28). If at least one of these 2 conditions is not satisfied (no at S27), it is determined that the fuse included in the battery block (n) has not been blown out. Then, the parameter n is self-added by 1 (S29). While the parameter n is equal to or less than the number of battery blocks included in the power storage module 20 (no in S30), the process proceeds to step S27, and the process from step S27 to step S29 is repeated. When the parameter n exceeds the number of battery blocks included in the power storage module 20 (yes at S30), the fuse blow determination process is ended.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of the equalization integration time after charging and the equalization integration time after discharging for each battery block. Fig. 6(a) shows the equalization integration time after charging, and fig. 6(b) shows the equalization integration time after discharging. As described above, since the 2 fuses F319 and F320 of the 3 rd battery block B3 are fused, the capacity of the 3 rd battery block B3 becomes smaller than the capacities of the 1 st battery block B1 and the 2 nd battery block B2.
As shown in fig. 3(a), since the SOC of the 3 rd cell block B3 is relatively increased after charging, the voltage of the 3 rd cell block B3 becomes higher than the voltages of the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2. Therefore, since the equalization control for discharging the 3 rd cell block B3 is operated after charging, the equalization integration time after charging of the 3 rd cell block B3 becomes maximum. On the other hand, as shown in fig. 3(B), since the SOC of the 3 rd cell block B3 is relatively decreased after the discharge, the voltage of the 3 rd cell block B3 becomes lower than the voltages of the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2. Therefore, after the discharge, the equalization control for discharging the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2 is operated, and therefore the equalization integration time after the discharge of the 3 rd cell block B3 is minimized.
The determination condition in step S27 in fig. 5 can be defined by the following expressions (1) and (2).
Equation (1) for the average integrated time after charging of block (n) > the average integrated time after charging of blocks (other than n) + α …
Equilibrium cumulative time after discharge of cell block (n) < average equilibrium cumulative time after discharge of cell blocks (except for n) — β … formula (2)
α and β are margins for preventing erroneous determination, and are calculated in advance based on the deviation of the standard equalization accumulation time of the battery block.
The example shown in fig. 6(a) satisfies the relationship that the charged average integrated equalization time of the 3 rd cell block B3 > the charged average integrated equalization time + α of the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2. The example shown in fig. 6(B) satisfies the relationship that the post-discharge equilibrium integrated time of the 3 rd cell block B3 < the post-discharge average equilibrium integrated time- β of the 1 st cell block B1 and the 2 nd cell block B2. Therefore, it is determined that the fuse included in the 3 rd battery block B3 is blown. In the examples shown in fig. 5 and 6, the example in which the equalization integration time (accumulated discharge time for equalization) is used as the equalization frequency has been described, but the equalization integration number (accumulated discharge number for equalization) may be used.
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the presence or absence of the blowing of the fuse connected to the cell can be detected with high accuracy at low cost by comparing the equalizing frequency in the fixed period with the assumed equalizing frequency. Since it is not necessary to provide a voltage detection line for each fuse, it is possible to suppress an increase in cost and circuit area. Further, since the current integrated value is not used for determination, the determination accuracy is high. In the case of using the current integrated value, errors of the bias/gain of the current sensor (for example, hall element) and the current detection circuit (for example, operational amplifier) are integrated, and thus the error tends to become large. In contrast, in the present embodiment, since the voltage value (OCV) is the basis, errors are not accumulated, and erroneous determination can be suppressed.
In embodiment 2, a battery block with a blown fuse can be determined. In contrast, in the method based on the current integrated value, it is difficult to specify the battery block in which the fuse is blown. In example 2, since the difference in voltage behavior between the case where the fuse is blown and the case where the fuse is not blown can be recognized earlier than in example 1, the above-described fixed time can be set shorter than in example 1. It is therefore possible to find the blowing of the fuse more early while maintaining the determination accuracy.
The present invention has been described above based on the embodiments. The embodiments are examples, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications can be made to the combinations of the respective constituent elements and the respective processing steps, and that such modifications are also within the scope of the present invention.
In the above-described embodiment, the control in which the voltage of at least one of the other battery blocks is made to coincide with or approach the voltage of the battery block having the lowest voltage by discharging has been described as the equalization control. In this regard, control may also be used in which the voltage of at least one of the other battery blocks is made to coincide with or approach the voltage of the battery block having the highest voltage by charging from the auxiliary power supply. In this case, the discharge and charge relationships shown in fig. 3 and 6 are reversed, and the inequality signs of the above equations (1) and (2) are also reversed.
In the above-described embodiment, the determination timing of the fuse blow is set for each time. In this regard, whether or not the fuse is blown may be determined every time after the equalization is performed. In this case, when data is acquired from the equalization execution information storage unit 17, data of a past predetermined period (preferably including a period more past than the preceding equalization execution time) is acquired to calculate the frequency.
In the above-described embodiment, a battery is used as an example of the power storage device, but a capacitor (for example, an electric double layer capacitor) may be used. Since the capacitor is also subjected to the balance control in the same manner as the battery, the same study as the battery is applied.
The embodiments may be defined by the following items.
[ item 1]
A management device (10) manages an electric storage apparatus (20) in which a plurality of electric storage blocks (B1-B3) are connected in series, wherein a plurality of series circuits of fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320) and electric storage cells (S11-S120, S21-S220, S31-S320) are connected in parallel in the electric storage blocks (B1-B3),
the management device (10) is provided with:
a balance control unit (15) that performs balance control between the power storage blocks (B1-B3) when the voltage difference between the power storage blocks (B1-B3) exceeds a predetermined voltage difference; and
and a blowout determination unit (18) that determines whether or not the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320) are blown, based on the frequency of balancing by the balancing control unit (15).
Thus, the presence or absence of the blowout of the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320) connected to the power storage cells (S11-S120, S21-S220, S31-S320) can be detected at low cost and with high accuracy.
[ item 2]
The management device (10) according to item 1,
further provided with:
voltage detection units (11-13) for detecting the voltages of the respective power storage blocks (B1-B3),
the blowout determination unit (18) determines that blowout of the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320) has occurred when the equalized frequency is higher than a set frequency.
Thus, whether or not the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320) are blown can be determined based on the difference in the equalizing frequency between the case where the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320) are blown and the case where the fuses are not blown.
[ item 3]
The management device (10) according to item 2,
the set frequency uses different values according to the state Of health soh (state Of health).
Thus, the influence of the change in SOH can be removed in the process of determining the fusion of the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320).
[ item 4]
The management device (10) according to item 1,
the balance control unit (15) performs balance control between the power storage blocks (B1-B3) while the power storage device (20) is not being charged or discharged,
the management device (10) further comprises an equalization execution information acquisition unit (16), wherein the equalization execution information acquisition unit (16) acquires execution information of equalization control of each power storage block and information indicating whether the state before the equalization control is executed is charging or discharging,
the fusion-cut determination unit (18) determines whether or not there is fusion cutting of the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, and F31-F320) included in each power storage block (B1-B3) based on the frequency of equalization performed after charging and the frequency of equalization performed after discharging in each power storage block (B1-B3).
This enables more accurate fusing determination processing.
[ item 5]
The management device (10) according to item 4,
the equalization control unit (15) discharges at least one of the other power storage blocks (B1, B2) so that the voltage of the other power storage block (B1, B2) in the plurality of power storage blocks (B1-B3) included in the power storage device (20) approaches the voltage of the power storage block (B3) having the lowest voltage,
the blowout determination unit (18) determines that the fuse (Sn1-Sn20) included in one power storage block (Bn) is blown when the integrated time of equalization performed after charging in a certain period of the one power storage block (Bn) is greater than the average integrated time of equalization performed after charging in a certain period of another power storage block (Bn) by 1 st set value (alpha) or more and the integrated time of equalization performed after discharging in a certain period of the one power storage block (Bn) is less than the average integrated time of equalization performed after discharging in a certain period of the other power storage block (Bn) by 2 nd set value (beta) or more.
Thus, the battery block (Bn) with the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320) blown can be determined.
[ item 6]
An electrical storage system (1) is characterized by comprising:
an electrical storage device (20); and
the management device (10) according to any one of items 1 to 5 for managing the electrical storage device (20).
Thus, the presence or absence of the blowout of the fuses (F11-F120, F21-F220, F31-F320) connected to the power storage cells (S11-S120, S21-S220, S31-S320) can be detected at low cost and with high accuracy.
-description of symbols-
The battery management system comprises a power storage system 1, a load 2, a battery management device 10, a voltage detection unit 1, a voltage detection unit 2, a voltage detection unit 3, a control unit 14, a balance control unit 15, a balance information acquisition unit 16, a balance information storage unit 17, a fuse blowout determination unit 18, a power storage module 20, a battery block 1 of B1, a battery block 2 of B2, a battery block 3 of B3, a battery cell S11-S320, a battery cell F11-F320, a fuse 21, a balance circuit 1, a balance circuit 2 of 22, a balance circuit 3 of 23, a balance circuit 1 of R1, a resistance 2 of R2, a resistance 3 of R3, a discharge switch 1 of SW1, a discharge switch 2 of SW2 and a discharge switch 3 of SW 3.
Claims (6)
1. A management device manages an electric storage apparatus in which a plurality of electric storage blocks in which a plurality of series circuits of a fuse and an electric storage unit are connected in parallel are connected in series,
the management device is provided with:
a balance control unit that performs balance control between the power storage blocks in a state where a voltage difference between the power storage blocks exceeds a set voltage difference; and
and a blowout determination unit that determines whether or not the fuse is blown based on the frequency of the balancing by the balancing control unit.
2. The management apparatus according to claim 1,
further provided with:
a voltage detection unit for detecting the voltage of each of the power storage blocks,
the blowout determination unit determines that blowout of the fuse has occurred when the equalized frequency is higher than a set frequency.
3. The management apparatus according to claim 2,
the set frequency uses different values according to the state of health SOH.
4. The management apparatus according to claim 1,
the balance control unit performs balance control between the power storage blocks while the power storage device is not being charged and discharged,
the management device further includes an equalization execution information acquisition unit that acquires execution information of equalization control of each power storage block and information indicating whether the state before the equalization control is executed is charging or discharging,
the blowout determination unit determines whether or not there is blowout of the fuse included in each power storage block, based on the frequency of equalization performed after charging and the frequency of equalization performed after discharging in each power storage block.
5. The management apparatus according to claim 4,
the equalization control unit discharges at least one of the other power storage blocks, other than the power storage block having the lowest voltage, among the plurality of power storage blocks included in the power storage device, so that the voltage of the other power storage block approaches the voltage of the power storage block having the lowest voltage,
the blowout determination unit determines that the fuse included in one power storage block is blown when an integrated time of equalization performed after charging in a certain period of the one power storage block is greater than an average integrated time of equalization performed after charging in a certain period of another power storage block by 1 st or more set value and an integrated time of equalization performed after discharging in the certain period of the one power storage block is less than an average integrated time of equalization performed after discharging in the certain period of the other power storage block by 2 nd or more set value.
6. An electrical storage system is characterized by comprising:
an electrical storage device; and
the management apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5 that manages the electrical storage device.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2015-168212 | 2015-08-27 | ||
| JP2015168212 | 2015-08-27 | ||
| PCT/JP2016/003468 WO2017033398A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 | 2016-07-27 | Management device and power storage system |
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| CN107135669A CN107135669A (en) | 2017-09-05 |
| CN107135669B true CN107135669B (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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| US (1) | US10135243B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6655817B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN107135669B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2017033398A1 (en) |
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| JP6928347B2 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2021-09-01 | ＮＥｘＴ−ｅ Ｓｏｌｕｔｉｏｎｓ株式会社 | Management device, power storage device, power storage system, and electrical equipment |
| JP7112483B2 (en) * | 2018-03-08 | 2022-08-03 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Management device, power storage system |
| WO2019176395A1 (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2019-09-19 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Management device, power storage system |
| GB2584829B (en) * | 2019-06-04 | 2023-01-11 | Jaguar Land Rover Ltd | Vehicle traction battery circuit and control system |
| WO2021033480A1 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2021-02-25 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Management device and power storage system |
| JP7400083B2 (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2023-12-18 | ジャン、チャオジョン | System for forming and testing batteries in parallel and series |
| CN116430254B (en) * | 2023-06-14 | 2023-10-20 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Battery complete charge and discharge frequency recording circuit and electronic equipment |
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| JP2006211783A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-10 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | Abnormality determination device of capacitor accumulator |
| WO2012132246A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | Battery power supply apparatus and battery power supply system |
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| US8058844B2 (en) * | 2006-05-31 | 2011-11-15 | Aeroflex Plainview, Inc. | Low-power battery system |
| JP5375927B2 (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2013-12-25 | 株式会社豊田自動織機 | Battery equalization apparatus and method |
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2016
- 2016-07-27 US US15/538,657 patent/US10135243B2/en active Active
- 2016-07-27 JP JP2017536198A patent/JP6655817B2/en active Active
- 2016-07-27 CN CN201680004563.5A patent/CN107135669B/en active Active
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006211783A (en) * | 2005-01-26 | 2006-08-10 | Japan Radio Co Ltd | Abnormality determination device of capacitor accumulator |
| WO2012132246A1 (en) * | 2011-03-31 | 2012-10-04 | パナソニック株式会社 | Battery power supply apparatus and battery power supply system |
| CN104040826A (en) * | 2012-01-25 | 2014-09-10 | 株式会社丰田自动织机 | Battery cell voltage equalisation circuit |
| JP2013160539A (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2013-08-19 | Toyota Motor Corp | Power storage system |
| JP2014023278A (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2014-02-03 | Toyota Motor Corp | Power storage system |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2017033398A1 (en) | 2017-03-02 |
| US20170366005A1 (en) | 2017-12-21 |
| CN107135669A (en) | 2017-09-05 |
| US10135243B2 (en) | 2018-11-20 |
| JPWO2017033398A1 (en) | 2018-06-14 |
| JP6655817B2 (en) | 2020-02-26 |
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