CN107135509B - A kind of network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon - Google Patents

A kind of network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon Download PDF

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CN107135509B
CN107135509B CN201710161302.0A CN201710161302A CN107135509B CN 107135509 B CN107135509 B CN 107135509B CN 201710161302 A CN201710161302 A CN 201710161302A CN 107135509 B CN107135509 B CN 107135509B
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beacon
starttime
downstream site
node
network
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CN107135509A (en
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李旭
刘玉真
吴昱
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Beijing Zhiyuan Ict Technology Co Ltd
Beijing Jiaotong University
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Beijing Zhiyuan Ict Technology Co Ltd
Beijing Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/18—Network planning tools
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
    • H04W16/02—Resource partitioning among network components, e.g. reuse partitioning
    • H04W16/10—Dynamic resource partitioning
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/24—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update
    • H04W40/244—Connectivity information management, e.g. connectivity discovery or connectivity update using a network of reference devices, e.g. beaconing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W84/00—Network topologies
    • H04W84/18—Self-organising networks, e.g. ad-hoc networks or sensor networks

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)
  • Small-Scale Networks (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of network-building method of tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon, it include: to choose beacon offset amount StartTime, selection principle are as follows: the value of StartTime be greater than node an activity periods and be less than beacon interval subtract node an activity periods difference or StartTime value be integral multiple of the beacon across slot offset amount；Downstream site superior node in network sends connection request；Since most superior node, superior node is that its downstream site distributes StartTime and sends the connection reply for carrying StartTime to its downstream site, the allocation rule of StartTime are as follows: be not overlapped with the StartTime of other nodes distribution, not equal to the difference of beacon interval and the StartTime of superior node itself；Downstream site adds StartTime according to the beacon reception times that the beacon sending time that the StartTime carried in connection reply initializes the downstream site is the downstream site itself.The present invention can effectively reduce the collision probability for the beacon that node at different levels is sent when tree-shaped multistage network networking.

Description

A kind of network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon
Technical field
The present invention relates to the tree-shaped multistage network fields in wireless sensor network.It is based on more particularly, to one kind The network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network of beacon (beacon).
Background technique
Multistage network has three kinds of data transmission streams in operation: equipment is sent to the upstream data of coordinator, coordinator The data transmission being sent between the downlink data of equipment, peer device.
Star topology network due to be a single-hop centralized network, data are only passed between coordinator and equipment It is defeated, therefore only exist first two data transmission stream, and reciprocity topological network exists due to essentially identical with common mesh network Three kinds of data transmission streams.Different data transfer modes is utilized respectively different data transfer models, is passed according to the data used The quality of defeated model, data transmission is also different.
Tree-shaped wireless sensor network is a kind of common tree-shaped multistage network, right for tree-shaped wireless sensor network Data transmission quality requires from low to high to be respectively peer cop, child node transmitting uplink data, coordinator downlink data Transmission.This with the function of wireless sensor network be it is inseparable, sensor network first has to guarantee that network operates normally, this It is the premise that network is able to carry out the transmission of other data, for the management of network, the data of coordinator downlink are most important , therefore the data of coordinator downlink need certain guarantee, this is also that a time slot is specially separated in superframe structure to send out The reason of sending beacon frame.Another important aspect is then that function guarantees after networking is stablized, it is ensured that function just needs to control The interaction of message, the various function applications including child node, therefore the data flow that child node upstream data is also the need to ensure that.It is right Etc. data transmission between equipment belong to the quality assurance of the lowest class, in IEEE802.15.4 wireless sensor network, this Partial data is only capable of being communicated using CSMA/CA, this is because the communication between peer device to network overall operation not compared with Big influence, especially on star net forming, this transmission belongs to nonessential.
The type of data flow is not fixation, can be changed according to the change node data transport-type of node type yet, Therefore node should be able to support all data transmissions simultaneously, and the node without being able to satisfy certain a kind of data transmission cannot be at For specific node type.For example RFD equipment can not become coordinator node, exactly because of its transmission for being unable to satisfy beacon frame Therefore calculating with network parameter is unable to complete the transmission of coordinator downlink data.
When tree-shaped multistage network networking, a node needs are completed at the same time and downstream site are interacted and managed with superior node The overall operation time of task, node will increase, and dormancy time opposite can be reduced, therefore energy consumption can increased, at this time It needs to complete sleep synchronization mechanism as far as possible.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a kind of network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon.
Summary of the invention
The network-building method of the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon, it is tree-shaped to solve The collision problem of beacon when the networking of multistage network, enhances the robustness of the networking of tree-shaped multistage network.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
A kind of network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon, this method comprises the following steps:
Choose beacon offset amount StartTime, selection principle are as follows: the value of StartTime is greater than one of node actively Period and be less than beacon interval subtract node an activity periods difference or StartTime value be beacon across time slot The integral multiple of offset；
Downstream site superior node in network sends connection request；
Since most superior node, superior node is that its downstream site distributes StartTime and sends to its downstream site The connection for carrying StartTime is replied, the allocation rule of StartTime are as follows: not heavy with the StartTime of other nodes distribution It closes, not equal to the difference of beacon interval and the StartTime of superior node itself；
Downstream site according to connection reply in the StartTime that carries initialize the beacon sending time of the downstream site and be The beacon reception times of the downstream site itself add StartTime.
Preferably, this method further includes following steps:
Downstream site is after the beacon for receiving superior node transmission, when updating and adjusting the beacon reception of the downstream site Between, if the downstream site does not receive the beacon of superior node transmission in beacon reception cycle, judge the letter of the downstream site Mark sends whether the dislocation time is more than dormant period to the time between the initialization beacon sending time of the downstream site: if being more than Then the downstream site enters dormant period, is made after synchronous with superior node by the step-out that the downstream site sends beacon later The downstream site of the downstream site enters dormant period step by step；According to the beacon reception times difference before and after updating to this if being no more than The StartTime of downstream site itself is adjusted, and remains unchanged the beacon sending time of the downstream site.
Preferably, when superior node is that its downstream site distributes StartTime, maximum beacon is predicted for downstream site is reserved Deviate time slot Tn.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
Technical solution of the present invention can be realized the networking of the tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon, and pass through The collision probability for the beacon that node at different levels is sent when tree-shaped multistage network networking is effectively reduced in StartTime mechanism, makes tree-shaped The networking of multistage network is more healthy and stronger reliable, and practicability is stronger.
Detailed description of the invention
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 shows the network-building method flow chart of the tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon.
Fig. 2 shows the complete structure schematic diagrames of the superframe of device node.
Fig. 3 shows the superframe structure schematic diagram of intermediate coordination device node.
Fig. 4 shows StartTime selection principle schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 shows the adaptive schematic diagram of StartTime.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate more clearly of the present invention, the present invention is done further below with reference to preferred embodiments and drawings It is bright.Similar component is indicated in attached drawing with identical appended drawing reference.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that institute is specific below The content of description is illustrative and be not restrictive, and should not be limited the scope of the invention with this.
As shown in Figure 1, the network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network disclosed by the invention based on beacon, including walk as follows It is rapid:
Choose beacon offset amount StartTime, selection principle are as follows: the value of StartTime is greater than one of node actively Period and be less than beacon interval subtract node an activity periods difference or StartTime value be beacon across time slot The integral multiple of offset；Wherein, the neighbors number needed support can be determined by network size, it can thus be concluded that SO The difference of (Superframe Order, superframe index) and BO (Beacon Order, beacon index), according to data cycle request The approximate range of available frame length, thereby determines that the value of BO, to obtain the value of SO.And due to beacon be possible to across when Gap, if being deviated as unit of time slot, need to guarantee StartTime win the confidence across the slot offset amount of mark (i.e. beacon offset when Gap number) integral multiple；
Downstream site superior node in network sends connection request；
Since most superior node, superior node is that its downstream site distributes StartTime (carrying out StartTime coordination) And to its downstream site send carry StartTime connection reply, the allocation rule of StartTime are as follows: not with other nodes The StartTime of distribution is overlapped, not equal to BI (Beacon Interval, beacon interval) and superior node itself The difference of StartTime；Wherein, distribute StartTime and to downstream site send carry StartTime connection reply be from Most superior node starts to carry out downwards until most downstream site step by step.Distribute the principle of StartTime are as follows: avoid downstream site The collision of beacon；Avoid the time that this node receives beacon；
Downstream site according to connection reply in the StartTime that carries initialize the beacon sending time of the downstream site and be The prediction beacon reception times of the downstream site itself add StartTime.
This method further includes Synchronous fluorimetry step:
If downstream site receives the beacon of superior node transmission in beacon reception cycle, which updates and adjusts The beacon reception times of the whole downstream site；
If the downstream site does not receive the beacon of superior node transmission in beacon reception cycle, it is determined as step-out, it should Downstream site also updates and adjusts the beacon reception times of the downstream site, but at this point, if the downstream site is directly entered not The dormancy phase, and synchronized with higher level, the beacon that the downstream site is sent after synchronizing equally understands step-out, can also stop a week Phase is so transmitted to most downstream site, that is, makes the downstream site by the step-out that the downstream site sends beacon after synchronizing Downstream site one activity periods of suspend mode step by step, then the transmitting of this step-out will lead to whole network response time collective lag, It influences to send the time delay of data it could even be possible to data is caused to send failure.Therefore, the present invention proposes that a kind of StartTime is adaptive The method answered: the StartTime of the downstream site itself is adjusted according to the beacon reception times difference for updating front and back, makes this The beacon sending time of downstream site remains unchanged, and this prevents the transmitting of step-out, and re-synchronization is made to be limited in level-one section Point within.But the initialization beacon transmission that this method needs beacon to send the dislocation time no more than dormant period to the downstream site Time between time, therefore, the present invention use following methods:
If the downstream site does not receive the beacon of superior node transmission in beacon reception cycle, the downstream site is judged Beacon send the dislocation time whether be more than dormant period to the downstream site the time initialized between beacon sending time: if Enter dormant period more than the then downstream site, sends the step-out of beacon by the downstream site after synchronous with superior node later So that the downstream site of the downstream site enters dormant period step by step；It is poor according to the beacon reception times for updating front and back if being no more than The StartTime of the downstream site itself is adjusted, the beacon sending time of the downstream site is remained unchanged.
And when superior node is that its downstream site distributes StartTime, it sets aside some time Tn for downstream site, (prediction is most Big beacon offset time slot), enable dormant period that can reach adaptive requirement.When adaptively be unable to reach require when node will again It is attached, even if in this way, adaptively can also greatly reduce the transmitting of step-out.
Tree-shaped multistage network by taking tree-shaped wireless sensor network as an example to disclosed by the invention based on beacon below Network-building method is further described.
Topological control is carried out to tree-shaped wireless sensor network first: in order to guarantee data transmission quality, tree-shaped wireless biography The carry of node in sensor network will refer to three parameters, be respectively:
(1) link-quality
Tree-shaped wireless sensor network is as a special case in wireless network, still the characteristics of too busy to get away wireless network, It is huge that the characteristic of Radio Link influences link-quality on data transmission, if having selected link-quality poor when node carry Node, it is not only unfavorable to itself data transmission, networking control, while can will affect and pass to all nodes of junior, the work of subtree Making efficiency will substantially reduce.
(2) number of child nodes
The data-transmission mode that tree-shaped wireless sensor network is shared using CSMA/CA and GTS, for CSMA/CA mode, Excessive child node can reduce the probability of data contention access, or even will cause the indefinite extension of data delay；GTS is transmitted Mode, since frame length is fixed, frame structure is fixed, and the resource of GTS is also fixation accordingly, and son node number excessively will lead to GTS Apply for that the frequency of failure increases.
(3) depth
The data transmission of tree-shaped wireless sensor network mostly uses CSMA/CA to carry out data transmission greatly, and GTS transmission is used as number Resource according to the time slot allocation of guarantee is less, is usually only used to transmit more important data, is based on such situation, node is saved to source The hop count of point is bigger, and the probability of data transmission fails can be built up.In order to reduce data transmission delay, to child node depth It should be controlled.In addition the depth set determines that the size of whole network, the scale of tree-shaped networking greatly have not management very much Benefit influences, while the routing addressing being possible to node has an impact, therefore depth is also carry child node factor in need of consideration One of.
In conclusion tree-shaped optimization evaluation function is answered are as follows:
F (v)=LQI (link-quality)+ChildNum (number of child nodes)+Depth (depth)
Topological control strategy is as follows:
Initialization: nodal test dump energy, if dump energy is less than Emin (Cor) (minimum coordinator energy), at For most downstream site (most downstream site is known as leaf node), otherwise become optional coordinator node.
Information is collected: node scan simultaneously obtains beacon, and LQI information, depth information and to optimal are obtained from beacon Node initiates the connection request.
Number of child nodes feedback: can add number feedback information in child node request, host node is determined by feedback information Whether allow to be added.
Accumulative evaluation parameter is collected: host node calculates the accumulative evaluation parameter Fv of tree construction after addition, and superior is sent, finally It is pooled to PAN coordinator, whole network topology is assessed.
So far, node carry is optimal, and host node has grasped the topological mass of itself junior's subtree, when because Node motion, energy consumption finish when leading to topologies change, it is only necessary to and it updates self assessment functional value and reports, on Whether again grade node determines child node carry according to own situation.
It carries out tree-shaped multistage network networking sleep to synchronize, synchronization mechanism of sleeping are as follows: node is carried out according to parameter StartTime The switching of suspend mode and activation starts to interact with lower layer after activation interacts time slot with upper layer by the time of StartTime, at different levels Coordinator and so on eventually forms the complete frame structure of network.The time of upper layer suspend mode, therefore network is utilized in lower layer's interaction The difference of parameter BO and SO cannot be 0, and difference is bigger, and dormancy time is bigger, and the frame period is longer, according to real work feelings Condition needs to adjust the parameter value of network, and the consumption of data periodical energy is enabled to reach balance.Specifically, it is specified that coordinator node makes With identical frame structure, " superframe " is also the guarantee for realizing that basic time is synchronous.Therefore superframe structure is as shown in Figure 2.Node exists One activity periods SD is at war with using CSMA/CA respectively to be communicated CAP (Contention Access Period) and carries out Reserved communication CFP (Contention Free Period) simultaneously enters dormant state in suspend mode period.Since work is assisted in multistage The topological structure of device is adjusted, coordinator node needs to be completed at the same time the interaction with upper and lower level, therefore frame structure such as Fig. 3 institute within the period Show.Node according to parameter StartTime carry out suspend mode and activation switching, activation interact time slot with upper layer after by The time of StartTime starts to interact with lower layer, coordinators at different levels and so on, eventually forms the complete frame structure of network.Under The time of upper layer suspend mode is utilized in layer interaction, therefore the difference of network parameter BO and SO cannot be 0, and difference is bigger, suspend mode Time is bigger, and the frame period is longer, according to real work situation, needs to adjust the parameter value of network, and data periodical energy is enabled to consume Reach balance.
Beacon offset amount StartTime is chosen, as shown in figure 4, selection principle are as follows: the value of StartTime is greater than node An activity periods and be less than beacon interval and subtract the difference of an activity periods of node or the value of StartTime is Integral multiple of the beacon across slot offset amount；Wherein, the neighbors number needed support can be determined by network size, it can thus be concluded that The difference of SO and BO thereby determines that the value of BO according to the approximate range of the available frame length of data cycle request, to obtain SO Value.Additionally, due to beacon it is possible that across time slot, if being deviated as unit of time slot, need to guarantee that StartTime takes The integral multiple of beacon offset timeslot number；
Downstream site superior node in network sends connection request (association request command)；
Since most superior node, superior node is that its downstream site distributes StartTime (carrying out StartTime coordination) And the connection reply (association response command) for carrying StartTime is sent to its downstream site, The allocation rule of StartTime are as follows: be not overlapped with the StartTime of other nodes distribution, be not equal to BI (Beacon Interval, beacon interval) difference with the StartTime of superior node itself；Wherein, StartTime is distributed and to junior Node, which sends and carries the connection reply of StartTime, to be carried out downwards until most downstream site step by step since most superior node 's.Distribute the principle of StartTime are as follows: avoid the collision of downstream site beacon；Avoid the time that this node receives beacon；
This method further includes Synchronous fluorimetry step:
If downstream site receives the beacon of superior node transmission in beacon reception cycle, which updates and adjusts The beacon reception times of the whole downstream site；
If the downstream site does not receive the beacon of superior node transmission in beacon reception cycle, the downstream site is judged Beacon send the dislocation time whether be more than dormant period to the downstream site the time initialized between beacon sending time: if Enter dormant period more than the then downstream site, sends the step-out of beacon by the downstream site after synchronous with superior node later So that the downstream site of the downstream site enters dormant period step by step；It is poor according to the beacon reception times for updating front and back if being no more than The StartTime of the downstream site itself is adjusted, the beacon sending time of the downstream site is remained unchanged
Dotted line is the beacon reception times of downstream site after re-synchronization in Fig. 5, which detects reception letter After marking receiving time variation, by adjust automatically StartTime size, enable the beacon sending time of itself still constant.It does so The transmitting for preventing step-out, is limited in re-synchronization within first nodes.
And when superior node is that its downstream site distributes StartTime, it sets aside some time Tn for downstream site, (prediction is most Big beacon offset time slot), enable dormant period that can reach adaptive requirement.When adaptively be unable to reach require when node will again It is attached, even if in this way, adaptively can also greatly reduce the transmitting of step-out.
The present invention can be realized the networking of tree-shaped multistage network and stable operation, provide link for data collection passback routing Quality assurance, and there is certain self-repairing capability.The invention proposes the selection principles of StartTime, synchronization mechanism Optimization, improvement of frame format etc., it is ensured that the operating rate of agreement entirety has also accomplished that minimum control message increases simultaneously.
Obviously, the above embodiment of the present invention be only to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and not be pair The restriction of embodiments of the present invention may be used also on the basis of the above description for those of ordinary skill in the art To make other variations or changes in different ways, all embodiments can not be exhaustive here, it is all to belong to this hair The obvious changes or variations that bright technical solution is extended out are still in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network based on beacon, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:
Choose beacon offset amount StartTime, selection principle are as follows: the value of StartTime is greater than an activity periods of node And be less than beacon interval subtract node an activity periods difference or StartTime value be beacon across slot offset The integral multiple of amount；
Downstream site superior node in network sends connection request；
Since most superior node, superior node is that its downstream site distributes StartTime and sends carrying to its downstream site The connection of StartTime is replied, the allocation rule of StartTime are as follows: is not overlapped with the StartTime of other nodes distribution, no Equal to the difference of beacon interval and the StartTime of superior node itself；
Downstream site is under this according to the beacon sending time that the StartTime carried in connection reply initializes the downstream site The beacon reception times of grade node itself add StartTime；
This method further includes following steps:
Downstream site updates and adjusts the beacon reception times of the downstream site after the beacon for receiving superior node transmission, if The downstream site does not receive the beacon of superior node transmission in beacon reception cycle, then judges that the beacon of the downstream site is sent Whether the dislocation time is more than dormant period to the time between the initialization beacon sending time of the downstream site: if more than if under this Grade node enters dormant period, makes the junior by the step-out that the downstream site sends beacon after synchronous with superior node later The downstream site of node enters dormant period step by step；The junior is saved according to the beacon reception times difference for updating front and back if being no more than The StartTime of point itself is adjusted, and remains unchanged the beacon sending time of the downstream site.
2. the network-building method of the tree-shaped multistage network according to claim 1 based on beacon, which is characterized in that Shang Jijie When point is that its downstream site distributes StartTime, maximum beacon offset time slot Tn is predicted for downstream site is reserved.
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