CN107132422B - Device and method for monitoring ESR and C of output capacitor of CCM boost converter - Google Patents
Device and method for monitoring ESR and C of output capacitor of CCM boost converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN107132422B CN107132422B CN201710510001.4A CN201710510001A CN107132422B CN 107132422 B CN107132422 B CN 107132422B CN 201710510001 A CN201710510001 A CN 201710510001A CN 107132422 B CN107132422 B CN 107132422B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/26—Measuring inductance or capacitance; Measuring quality factor, e.g. by using the resonance method; Measuring loss factor; Measuring dielectric constants ; Measuring impedance or related variables
- G01R27/2605—Measuring capacitance
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for monitoring ESR and C of output parallel capacitors of a CCM boost converter. The device comprises a Boost converter main power circuit, a drive circuit and a display unitA capacitor and current transformer with known parameters, and a signal processing module including a power circuit control unit, a switching frequency fsThe device comprises a calculating unit, a duty ratio D calculating unit, an output voltage sampling unit, a capacitance current trigger sampling unit and a capacitance ESR and C calculating unit. The invention can monitor the parameters ESR and C of the capacitor under the condition of not influencing the normal work of the circuit, provides a basis for predicting the service lives of the capacitor and a power supply, does not need additional parameters and is convenient to realize.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of monitoring in an electric energy conversion device, and particularly relates to a device and a method for monitoring ESR and C of output capacitors of a CCM boost converter.
Background
Due to the advantages of high efficiency, small size and the like, the switching power supply is widely applied in daily production and life. Among them, a CCM (Continuous Current Mode) Boost converter is widely used in the fields of a dc motor, a PFC power factor correction circuit, a dc power supply, and the like, and in the Boost converter, in order to obtain a stable output voltage, a capacitor must be used to effectively filter high-frequency noise. After the converter works for a period of time, the Capacitance value (Capacitance, C) and Equivalent Series Resistance (ESR) of the capacitor can change, compare with the initial Capacitance value C and Resistance ESR, when the variable quantity is large, the capacitor can be considered to be invalid, the failure of the capacitor can cause the operation fault of a power supply and a system, if the capacitor can not be replaced in time, huge loss can be caused, and therefore the Capacitance value C and the ESR of the capacitor can be monitored in real time and whether the capacitor is invalid or not is judged to be very important. The existing monitoring technology mostly adopts an off-line monitoring mode, and needs to stop the work of a converter, so that the operation is very inconvenient, and even if on-line monitoring is adopted, the process operation is also very complicated, and the accuracy is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for monitoring ESR and C of an output capacitor of a CCM boost converter, which can monitor the changes of the ESR and the capacitance value C of the capacitor in real time and accurately predict the service lives of an electrolytic capacitor and a power supply.
The technical solution for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a monitoring device for ESR and C of output capacitor of CCM Boost converter comprises a Boost converter main power circuit, a drive circuit, a display unit, a capacitor and a current transformer with known parameters, and a signal processing module, wherein the signal processing module comprises a power circuit control unit, a switching frequency fsThe device comprises a calculating unit, a duty ratio D calculating unit, an output voltage sampling unit, a capacitance current trigger sampling unit, an inductance L and a capacitance ESR and C calculating unit;
the Boost converter main power circuit comprises an input voltage source VinAnd a switching tube QbFreewheel diode DbFilter inductor L, output filter capacitor and load RLThe output filter capacitor comprises an Equivalent Series Resistor (ESR) and a capacitor C, wherein a switching tube QbSource and voltage source VinIs connected to the negative pole of the freewheeling diode DbAnode of and switching tube QbIs connected to the drain of the freewheeling diode DbRespectively connected with equivalent series resistance ESR and load RLOne end of a filter inductor L is connected with a freewheeling diode DbIs connected with the anode of the filter inductor L, and the other end of the filter inductor L is connected with a voltage source VinThe other end of the equivalent series resistance ESR is connected with one end of a capacitor C, the other end of the capacitor C and a load R are connectedLThe other ends of the two ends are connected with a voltage source VinNegative pole connection of (1), load RLConnected in parallel with a parallel output capacitor with known parameters, the average voltage of which at both ends is output as Vo;
The input end of the power circuit control unit is respectively connected with a voltage source V of a main power circuit of the Boost converterinAnd output average voltage VoThe PWM signals at the output end of the power circuit control unit are respectively connected with the switching frequency fsThe calculating unit and the duty ratio D calculating unit are used for calculating the output average voltage V of the main power circuit of the Boost converteroAn output voltage sampling unit is connected, and a current mutual inductance isolation amplifierPWM signals at the output ends of the large unit and the power circuit control unit are connected to the capacitor current trigger sampling unit, and the switching frequency fsThe output ends of the calculation unit, the duty ratio D calculation unit, the output voltage sampling unit and the capacitance current trigger sampling unit are all connected to the capacitance ESR and C calculation unit, and the output ends of the capacitance ESR and C calculation unit are connected to the display unit;
the input end of the driving circuit is connected with the PWM signal of the output end of the power circuit control unit, and the output end of the driving circuit is connected with the switching tube QbA gate electrode of (2).
A monitoring method for ESR and C of output capacitors of a CCM boost converter comprises the following steps:
step 1, connecting a capacitor with known parameters in parallel at an output end, and establishing a power circuit control unit and a switching frequency f in a signal processing modulesThe device comprises a calculating unit, a duty ratio D calculating unit, an output voltage sampling unit, a capacitance current trigger sampling unit and a capacitance ESR and C calculating unit;
step 2, a power circuit control unit of the signal processing module acquires the output average voltage V of a main power circuit of the Boost converteroAnd an input voltage VinObtaining PWM signal and driving the switch tube Q by the driving circuitb;
and 4, outputting the average voltage V of the main power circuit of the Boost converteroSending the voltage to an output voltage sampling unit to obtain an average value of output voltage;
and 5, isolating the PWM signal output by the power circuit control unit and the capacitance current i of the current mutual inductance isolation amplifying unit (8)xSending the signals into a capacitance current trigger sampling unit, processing DT such as capacitance current through a time delay programsSampling at 10 intervals to obtain the capacitance current in DTs—TsInstantaneous value i therebetweenx(DTs)、ix[(1+DTs)/10]、ix[(1+DTs)/5]、ix[3(1+DTs)/10]、ix[2(1+DTs)/5]、ix[(1+DTs)/2]、ix[3(1+DTs)/5]、ix[7(1+DTs)/10]、ix[4(1+DTs)/5]、ix[9(1+DTs)/10]、ix(Ts) A total of 11 values;
and 7, the capacitor ESR and C calculating unit sends the obtained equivalent series resistance ESR and capacitor C values to the display unit for real-time display.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the invention designs an efficient and stable on-line monitoring device and method for ESR and C of an equivalent series resistor of an output filter capacitor aiming at the output filter capacitor of a CCM Boost converter.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a diagram of an operating waveform in a switching cycle of a CCM Boost converter.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a device for monitoring ESR and C output capacitances of a CCM boost converter according to the present invention.
Wherein:Vininput voltage, IinInput current, iLInductor current iC-a capacitive current iCxParallel capacitor current, IoOutput current, VoAverage value of output voltage, Qb-a switching tube, Db-diode, L-inductor, C-output filter capacitance value, ESR-equivalent series resistance value, capacitance value of Cx-parallel capacitance, equivalent series resistance value of ESRx-parallel capacitance, RL-load, Vgs-a switching tube QbDriving voltage, D-duty cycle, t-time, fsConverter switching frequency, Δ ILPeak-to-peak inductor current ripple, vESRVoltage across equivalent series resistance, vC-the voltage on the capacitor.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
1. Theoretical derivation:
fig. 1 shows the operating waveforms in the switching period of the CCM Boost converter. When the switch tube QbWhen conducting, the diode DbAt the end, the voltage across the inductor L is VinIts inductive current iLWith VinThe slope of/L rises linearly. When diode DbAt turn-off, the inductor current iLThrough diode DbFollow current when the voltage across the inductor L is Vin-VoInductor current iLWith (V)in-Vo) The slope of/L decreases. Since the Boost converter operates in CCM mode, the inductor current i is present before the end of the switching cycleLDoes not drop to zero. Inductor current iLThe average value in a switching period is the output current Io。
Capacitive current iCThe expression of (a) is:
wherein VinFor input voltage, VoIs the average value of the output voltage, L is the inductance value, fsFor the switching frequency of Boost convertersThe ratio D is the duty ratio of the switching tube TsIs the switching period of the Boost converter, t is the time, IoIs the average value of the inductor current over one switching period.
It is possible to provide:
the current sum i of the two capacitors can be obtainedC+iCxThe expression of (a) is:
the voltage expressions of the two capacitors are respectively
Because the two capacitors are connected in parallel, the voltages of the two capacitors are equal
vC(t)=vCx(t) (7)
derived from formula (8)
Respectively subjecting the equal sign of formula (9) to Laplace transformation
Simple and available
The equal sign of the formula (11) is subjected to Laplace inverse transformation to obtain
Wherein
Fitting curves can be made according to 11 parallel capacitance values obtained by sampling to obtain X1、X2、X3And iCx(0)。
Substituting formulae (2) and (3) into formulae (13), (14) and (15) can obtain:
wherein L is inductance of inductor, ESR is resistance of equivalent series resistor, C is capacitance of capacitor, and fsFor the converter switching frequency, VoIs the average value of the output voltage, D is the duty ratio of the converter, ESRx is the resistance value of the equivalent series resistance of the parallel capacitor,cx is the capacitance value of the capacitor connected in parallel, X1、X2、X3Are parameters of the fitted curve.
Based on the equations (16) and (17), a method for monitoring ESR and C of output filter capacitors of the CCM Boost converter can be obtained.
2. The invention relates to a device and a method for monitoring ESR and C of output capacitors of a CCM boost converter
With reference to fig. 2, the device for monitoring ESR and C of the output capacitor of the CCM Boost converter of the present invention includes a Boost converter main power circuit 1, a driving circuit 3, a display unit 11, a capacitor 7 with known parameters, a current mutual inductance isolation amplifying unit 8, and a signal processing module, where the signal processing module includes a power circuit control unit 2, a switching frequency fsThe device comprises a calculating unit 4, a duty ratio D calculating unit 5, an output voltage sampling unit 6, a capacitance current trigger sampling unit 9 and a capacitance ESR and C calculating unit 10;
the Boost converter main power circuit 1 comprises an input voltage source VinAnd a switching tube QbFreewheel diode DbFilter inductor L, output filter capacitor and load RLThe output filter capacitor comprises an Equivalent Series Resistor (ESR) and a capacitor C, wherein a switching tube QbSource and voltage source VinIs connected to the negative pole of the freewheeling diode DbAnode of and switching tube QbIs connected to the drain of the freewheeling diode DbRespectively connected with equivalent series resistance ESR and load RLOne end of a filter inductor L is connected with a freewheeling diode DbIs connected with the anode of the filter inductor L, and the other end of the filter inductor L is connected with a voltage source VinThe other end of the equivalent series resistance ESR is connected with one end of a capacitor C, the other end of the capacitor C and a load R are connectedLThe other ends of the two ends are connected with a voltage source VinNegative pole connection of (1), load RLConnected in parallel with a parallel output capacitor with known parameters, the average voltage of which at both ends is output as Vo;
The input end of the power circuit control unit 2 is respectively connected with the voltage source V of the Boost converter main power circuit 1inAnd output average voltage VoPWM signals at the output end of the power circuit control unit 2 are respectively connected into the switchesFrequency fsA calculating unit 4, a duty ratio D calculating unit 5 and an output average voltage V of the main power circuit 1 of the Boost converteroPWM signals connected to the output end of the output voltage sampling unit 6, the current mutual inductance isolation amplification unit 8 and the output end of the power circuit control unit 2 are connected to the capacitance current trigger sampling unit 9, and the switching frequency fsThe output ends of the calculating unit 4, the duty ratio D calculating unit 5, the output voltage sampling unit 6 and the capacitance current trigger sampling unit 9 are all connected to a capacitance ESR and C calculating unit 7, and the output end of the capacitance ESR and C calculating unit 10 is connected to a display unit 11; the input end of the driving circuit 3 is connected with the PWM signal at the output end of the power circuit control unit 2, and the output end of the driving circuit 3 is connected with the switching tube QbA gate electrode of (2). The signal processing module is a DSP chip TMS320F 28335; the display unit 11 is a 12864 liquid crystal display.
The monitoring method of the device for monitoring the ESR and C of the output capacitor of the CCM boost converter comprises the following steps:
step 1, a capacitor 7 with known parameters is connected in parallel at the output end, a power circuit control unit 2 and a switching frequency f are established in a signal processing modulesThe device comprises a calculating unit 4, a duty ratio D calculating unit 5, an output voltage sampling unit 6, a capacitance current trigger sampling unit 9 and a capacitance ESR and C calculating unit 10;
step 2, a power circuit control unit 2 of the signal processing module collects the output average voltage V of a main power circuit 1 of the Boost converteroAnd an input voltage VinObtaining PWM signal and driving the switch tube Q by the driving circuit 3b;
step 4, the output average voltage V of the main power circuit 1 of the Boost converteroSending the voltage to an output voltage sampling unit 6 to obtain the average value of the output voltage;
the capacitance ESR and C calculation unit (10) curve fitting equation is as follows:
finding X1、X2、X3And iCx(0) And then, the capacitor ESR and C calculating unit (10) carries out comprehensive processing on the fitting curve to obtain the values of the current equivalent series resistance ESR and the capacitor C of the output filter capacitor in the Boost converter, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein L is inductance of inductor, ESR is resistance of equivalent series resistor, C is capacitance of capacitor, and fsFor the converter switching frequency, VoIs the average value of output voltage, D is the duty ratio of the converter, ESRx is the resistance value of the equivalent series resistor of the parallel capacitor, Cx is the capacitance value of the capacitor of the parallel capacitor, X1、X2、X3Are parameters of the fitted curve.
And 7, sending the obtained equivalent series resistance ESR and capacitance C values to a display unit 11 for real-time display by a capacitance ESR and C calculation unit (10).
Claims (1)
1. A method for monitoring ESR and C of output parallel capacitors of a CCM boost converter is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, a capacitor (7) with known parameters is connected in parallel at an output end, a power circuit control unit (2) and a switching frequency f are established in a signal processing modulesThe device comprises a calculating unit (4), a duty ratio D calculating unit (5), an output voltage sampling unit (6), a capacitance current trigger sampling unit (9), an inductance L and a capacitance ESR and C calculating unit (10);
step 2, a power circuit control unit (2) of the signal processing module collects the output average voltage V of a main power circuit (1) of the Boost converteroAnd an input voltage VinObtaining a PWM signal and driving a switching tube Q through a driving circuit (3);
step 3, sending the PWM signal output by the power circuit control unit (2) to a switching frequency fsA calculating unit (4) and a duty ratio D calculating unit (5) for calculating the duty ratio through the switching frequency fsThe current switching frequency f of the converter is obtained by processing of a computing unit (4)sThe current duty ratio D of the converter is obtained through the processing of a duty ratio D calculating unit (5);
step 4, the output average voltage V of the main power circuit (1) of the Boost converteroSending the voltage to an output voltage sampling unit (6) to obtain the average value of the output voltage;
and 5, isolating the PWM signal output by the power circuit control unit (2) and the capacitance current i of the current mutual inductance isolation amplifying unit (8)xSending the signals into a capacitive current trigger sampling unit (9), and processing DT such as capacitive current and the like through a time delay programsSampling at 10 intervals to obtain the capacitance current in DTs—TsInstantaneous value i therebetweenx(DTs)、ix[(1+DTs)/10]、ix[(1+DTs)/5]、ix[3(1+DTs)/10]、ix[2(1+DTs)/5]、ix[(1+DTs)/2]、ix[3(1+DTs)/5]、ix[7(1+DTs)/10]、ix[4(1+DTs)/5]、ix[9(1+DTs)/10]、ix(Ts) A total of 11 values, wherein TsIs the switching period of the Boost converter;
step 6, the obtained switching frequency fsDuty ratio D, average value V of output voltageoAnd instantaneous value i of the capacitive currentx(DTs)、ix[(1+DTs)/10]、ix[(1+DTs)/5]、ix[3(1+DTs)/10]、ix[2(1+DTs)/5]、ix[(1+DTs)/2]、ix[3(1+DTs)/5]、ix[7(1+DTs)/10]、ix[4(1+DTs)/5]、ix[9(1+DTs)/10]、ix(Ts) Sending the signal into a capacitor ESR and C calculation unit (10) for curve fitting and comprehensive processing to obtain the values of the current equivalent series resistance ESR and the capacitor C of the output filter capacitor in the Boost converter;
step 7, the capacitor ESR and C calculating unit (10) sends the obtained equivalent series resistance ESR and capacitor C values to the display unit (11) for real-time display;
the capacitance ESR and C calculation unit (10) curve fitting equation in the step 6 is as follows:
finding X1、X2、X3And iCx(0) And then, the capacitor ESR and C calculating unit (10) carries out comprehensive processing on the fitting curve to obtain the values of the current equivalent series resistance ESR and the capacitor C of the output filter capacitor in the Boost converter, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein L is inductance of inductor, ESR is resistance of equivalent series resistor, C is capacitance of capacitor, and fsFor the converter switching frequency, VoIs the average value of output voltage, D is the duty ratio of the converter, ESRx is the resistance value of the equivalent series resistor of the parallel capacitor, Cx is the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor, X1、X2、X3Are parameters of the fitted curve.
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CN109752598A (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2019-05-14 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of on-line monitoring method of Switching Power Supply output capacitance, device and system |
CN110618391B (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2021-10-08 | 南京理工大学 | Monitoring device and method for ESR and L of step-down DC/DC converter |
CN110320425B (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2021-06-15 | 南通大学 | ESR (equivalent series resistance) monitoring method for output capacitor of Buck-type direct-current-direct-current converter |
CN111398693A (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2020-07-10 | 江苏神州半导体科技有限公司 | Method for measuring ESR (equivalent series resistance) and Q (Q) value of vacuum capacitor based on S-parameter network analyzer |
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US9601997B2 (en) * | 2013-03-29 | 2017-03-21 | Virginia Tech Intellectual Properties, Inc. | V^2 power converter control with capacitor current ramp compensation |
CN105158580A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-16 | 南京理工大学 | Device and method for monitoring ESR (Equivalent Series Resistance) and C (Capacitance) of output capacitor in CCM (Continuous Current Mode) boost converter |
CN105137200A (en) * | 2015-09-25 | 2015-12-09 | 南京理工大学 | Monitoring device of CCM Buck-Boost convertor output capacitor and method thereof |
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