CN107132377A - The measurement apparatus and computational methods of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient - Google Patents

The measurement apparatus and computational methods of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107132377A
CN107132377A CN201710441892.2A CN201710441892A CN107132377A CN 107132377 A CN107132377 A CN 107132377A CN 201710441892 A CN201710441892 A CN 201710441892A CN 107132377 A CN107132377 A CN 107132377A
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China
Prior art keywords
acceleration
vehicle
value
axis
measurement
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Pending
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CN201710441892.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李占江
高超
任钢
黄葳
孙阳
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Nanjing Yuebo Power System Co Ltd
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Nanjing Yuebo Power System Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201710441892.2A priority Critical patent/CN107132377A/en
Publication of CN107132377A publication Critical patent/CN107132377A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P15/00Measuring acceleration; Measuring deceleration; Measuring shock, i.e. sudden change of acceleration
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
    • G01C9/00Measuring inclination, e.g. by clinometers, by levels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01PMEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P3/00Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds

Abstract

The invention belongs to vehicle traveling field of measuring technique, it is related to the measurement apparatus and computational methods of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient.In described device, acceleration transducer, gyro sensor, power module and communication module are connected with microcontroller respectively, and acceleration transducer is two-axis or triple axle.The computational methods measure real-time acceleration measurement a by acceleration transducer along the y-axis directionMeasured value, the absolute value of real-time slope measurement is measured along the z-axis direction | θMeasured value|, then calculate and obtain vehicle acceleration actual value;Initial value of slope θ is measured along y-axis with acceleration transducer in vehicle launch by elder generation0, the angular velocity omega of slope change is measured along y-axis by gyro sensor, and then slope change value is calculated, then calculate the actual grade value θ=θ obtained residing for vehicle0+△θ.The present invention effectively can measure and distinguish vehicle actual acceleration and the residing gradient.

Description

The measurement apparatus and computational methods of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient
Technical field
The invention belongs to vehicle driving parameters field of measuring technique, and in particular to a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient Measurement apparatus and computational methods.
Background technology
With continuing to develop for electric automobile industry, people are for dynamic property, course continuation mileage and the requirement of experience by bus More and more higher, conventional vehicle measures vehicle acceleration by the acceleration of wheel speed calculation vehicle or by acceleration transducer, The data error that the former calculating is obtained is larger, and the latter's acceleration transducer is influenceed by the gradient residing for vehicle, when vehicle is in slope Cannot be distinguished by actual acceleration and grade information when on road, thus control unit can not accurate acquisition vehicle actual acceleration and Gradient size where vehicle, and then power output can not effectively be adjusted.For example, Chinese patent literature CN00112880.9 A kind of high speed self adaptable acceleration and slope measuring sensor are disclosed, it is according to balance mechanics principle, based on spatial coordinate The balance slide block m of spring linkage is respectively mounted in mutual perpendicular type lead rail axis centered on three axle axle center1With fixed weight balance weight m2, And be connected by mutual perpendicular type amendment joint with pedestal;According to acceleration equation of equilibrium aml=p ' L and adaptive equalization formula am1GL=am2H realizes the acceleration analysis with environment self-correction ability;And carry out slope measuring using its self-correction mechanism. But its defect is, although it is respectively mounted the balance slide block m of spring linkage in mutual perpendicular type lead rail axis1With fixed weight balance weight m2, but due to balance slide block m1Frictional force is also had in itself with one end of fixed weight balance weight, and itself is when vehicle accelerates Can be affected, therefore, the device can not accurate acquisition vehicle actual acceleration and vehicle where the gradient.
Although also occurring in that now while utilizing acceleration transducer and Slope Transducer measurement vehicle acceleration and the gradient Technology, but acceleration transducer in the market and Slope Transducer in actual use can not distinguish the two Come, in other words, if actual acceleration is to have slope change in the case of zero, acceleration transducer output also can be with change Change.If there is the change of acceleration in the case that actual grade is constant, Slope Transducer can also change therewith.When the sum actually accelerated Actual grade just cannot be distinguished from out both actual sizes when changing simultaneously.
In view of the above-mentioned problems, needing badly now a kind of can accurately measure and distinguish vehicle actual acceleration and the residing gradient Device and computational methods.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is that there is provided a kind of measurement of vehicle acceleration and residing gradient dress in view of the shortcomings of the prior art Put and computational methods, effectively can measure and distinguish vehicle actual acceleration and the residing gradient.
The technical scheme of the present invention that solves the problems, such as is:The measurement apparatus of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient is provided, wrapped Include acceleration transducer, gyro sensor, microcontroller, power module and communication module, the acceleration transducer, gyro Instrument sensor, power module and communication module are connected with microcontroller respectively, and the acceleration transducer is two-axis or three axles Formula.
Further, the gyro sensor is an axle or multiaxis gyroscope sensor.
Further, the microcontroller is also associated with temperature sensor, and the microcontroller is provided with temperature-compensating Chip.The temperature sensor is used for the environment temperature for detecting the measurement apparatus, and the temperature-compensated chip is used to calculate and added Velocity sensor output quantity variation with temperature simultaneously carries out temperature-compensating to acceleration transducer output quantity.
Further, the measurement apparatus is provided with shell, and the shell is provided with damper, and the damper can be reduced The influence to measurement apparatus is vibrated, accuracy of measurement is improved.
The computational methods of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient, comprise the following steps:
(1) vehicle forward direction is set as y-axis, and the vertical direction of vehicle chassis is z-axis;
(2) acceleration actual value a is calculatedActual value
(2.1) real-time acceleration measurement a is measured along the y-axis direction by acceleration transducerMeasured value
(2.2) absolute value of real-time slope measurement is measured along the z-axis direction by acceleration transducer | θMeasured value|;
(2.3) the acceleration actual value of vehicle is calculated:
When vehicle is in upward slope state:Acceleration actual value aActual value=aMeasured value-g×sin|θMeasured value|;
When vehicle is in descending state:Acceleration actual value aActual value=aClear value+g×sin|θClear value|;
Wherein, g is acceleration of gravity;
(3) the actual grade value residing for vehicle is calculated:
(3.1) initial value of slope θ is measured along y-axis by acceleration transducer in vehicle launch0, and use acceleration sensing Device is proofreaded along the slope measurement of z-axis;
(3.2) angular velocity omega of slope change is measured along y-axis by gyro sensor, and then calculates slope change value △ θ, calculation formula is:
Wherein, t represents time, t0Represent initial time;
(3.3) the actual grade value residing for vehicle is calculated:θ=θ0+△θ。
Further, in step (2.1), acceleration measurement aMeasured value=g × ((Vouty-2.5)/S), wherein, Vouty The output analog voltage signal value along y-axis of acceleration transducer measurement is represented, S represents that the susceptibility of acceleration transducer is normal Number, g represents acceleration of gravity.
Further, in step (2.2), the absolute value of slope measurement | θMeasured value|=arc cos ((Voutz-2.5)/ S), wherein Voutz represents the output analog voltage signal value along z-axis of acceleration transducer measurement, and S represents acceleration transducer Susceptibility constant.
Further, in step (3.1), the initial value of slope θ that acceleration transducer is measured along y-axis0=arcsin ((Vouty-2.5)/S) |T=0
Further, in step (3.1), when acceleration transducer along y-axis measures initial value of slope θ0With the gradient along z-axis When differing between measured value within 2 degree, then the initial value of slope θ that acceleration transducer is measured along y-axis is judged0Measurement is accurate;If 2 degree are differed by more than, then judges that acceleration transducer breaks down.
Further, the model SCA61 of the acceleration transducer.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1st, the gradient residing for the actual acceleration and vehicle of device of the present invention and computational methods energy effective district separating vehicles, has Beneficial to the realization of vehicle system in slope;
2nd, device of the present invention and computational methods can exclude influence of the gradient residing for vehicle to vehicle actual acceleration, Controller is enabled effectively to adjust the power output of vehicle, balanced power and economy.
3rd, present invention measurement is accurate, strong antijamming capability, such as temperature sensor, temperature-compensated chip, shock absorber structure Setting, further increase the degree of accuracy of measurement.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic block diagram of the measurement apparatus of vehicle acceleration of the present invention and the residing gradient;
Fig. 2 is the acceleration measurement a of upward slope state in computational methods of the present inventionMeasured valueWith acceleration actual value aActual value Relation schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the acceleration measurement a of descending state in computational methods of the present inventionMeasured valueWith acceleration actual value aActual value Relation schematic diagram.
In figure:M represents the quality of vehicle, and g represents acceleration of gravity, and θ represents the actual grade value residing for vehicle, and N is represented Holding power of the road surface to vehicle.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in figure 1, the measurement apparatus of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient, including acceleration transducer, gyroscope Sensor, microcontroller, power module and communication module, the acceleration transducer, gyro sensor, power module and logical Letter module is connected with microcontroller respectively, and the acceleration transducer is two-axis or triple axle;The gyro sensor is One axle or multiaxis gyroscope sensor;The microcontroller is also associated with temperature sensor, and the microcontroller is provided with temperature Spend compensation chips;The temperature sensor is used for the environment temperature for detecting the measurement apparatus, and the temperature-compensated chip is used for Calculate acceleration transducer output quantity variation with temperature and temperature-compensating is carried out to acceleration transducer output quantity;The measurement Device is provided with shell, and the shell is provided with damper, and the damper can reduce influence of the vibration to measurement apparatus, improve Accuracy of measurement.
The course of work of the measurement apparatus is:Acceleration transducer measures the real-time acceleration measurement of vehicle, vehicle Then the data measured are sent to microcontroller, micro-control by the real-time slope measurement of initial value of slope, vehicle during startup Device processed obtained after data processing the acceleration actual value of vehicle;Gyro sensor measures the angular speed and biography of slope change Microcontroller is given, microcontroller is integrated the actual grade value obtained after processing residing for vehicle to it;Microcontroller can The data after processing are sent to distance host by communication module, distance host also can be by communication module to microcontroller Send data, microcontroller can according to the data received from distance host again with acceleration transducer, gyro sensor Interact.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the computational methods of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient, comprise the following steps:
(1) vehicle forward direction is set as y-axis, and the vertical direction of vehicle chassis is z-axis;
(2) acceleration actual value a is calculatedActual value
(2.1) real-time acceleration measurement a is measured along the y-axis direction by acceleration transducerMeasured value
(2.2) absolute value of real-time slope measurement is measured along the z-axis direction by acceleration transducer | θMeasured value|;
(2.3) the acceleration actual value of vehicle is calculated:
When vehicle is in upward slope state:Acceleration actual value aActual value=aMeasured value-g×sin|θMeasured value|;
When vehicle is in descending state:Acceleration actual value aActual value=aMeasured value+g×sin|θMeasured value|;
Wherein, g is acceleration of gravity;
(3) the actual grade value residing for vehicle is calculated:
(3.1) initial value of slope θ is measured along y-axis by acceleration transducer in vehicle launch0, and use acceleration sensing Device is proofreaded along the slope measurement of z-axis;
(3.2) angular velocity omega of slope change is measured along y-axis by gyro sensor, and then calculates slope change value △ θ, calculation formula is:
Wherein, t represents time, t0Represent initial time;
(3.3) the actual grade value residing for vehicle is calculated:θ=θ0+△θ。
In the present embodiment, the model SCA61 of the acceleration transducer.
In step (2.1), acceleration measurement aMeasured value=g × ((Vouty-2.5)/S), wherein, Vouty represents to accelerate The output analog voltage signal value along y-axis of sensor measurement is spent, S represents the susceptibility constant of acceleration transducer, and g represents weight Power acceleration.
In step (2.2), the absolute value of slope measurement | θMeasured value|=arc cos ((Voutz-2.5)/S), wherein Voutz represents the output analog voltage signal value along z-axis of acceleration transducer measurement, and S represents the sensitivity of acceleration transducer Spend constant.
In step (3.1), the initial value of slope θ that acceleration transducer is measured along y-axis0=arcsin ((Vouty-2.5)/ S)|T=0
In step (3.1), when acceleration transducer along y-axis measures initial value of slope θ0With the slope measurement along z-axis it Between within 2 degree of difference when, then the initial value of slope θ that is measured along y-axis of judgement acceleration transducer0Measurement is accurate;If differing by more than 2 Degree then judges that acceleration transducer breaks down.
The present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment, in the case of without departing substantially from substantive content of the present invention, art technology Any deformation that personnel are contemplated that, improvement, replace and each fall within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. the measurement apparatus of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that passed including acceleration transducer, gyroscope Sensor, microcontroller, power module and communication module, the acceleration transducer, gyro sensor, power module and communication Module is connected with microcontroller respectively, and the acceleration transducer is two-axis or triple axle.
2. the measurement apparatus of vehicle acceleration according to claim 1 and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that the gyroscope Sensor is an axle or multiaxis gyroscope sensor.
3. the measurement apparatus of vehicle acceleration according to claim 1 and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that the microcontroller Device is also associated with temperature sensor, and the microcontroller is provided with temperature-compensated chip.
4. the measurement apparatus of vehicle acceleration according to claim 1 and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that the measurement dress Shell is installed, the shell is provided with damper.
5. the computational methods of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) vehicle forward direction is set as y-axis, and the vertical direction of vehicle chassis is z-axis;
(2) acceleration actual value a is calculatedActual value
(2.1) real-time acceleration measurement a is measured along the y-axis direction by acceleration transducerMeasured value
(2.2) absolute value of real-time slope measurement is measured along the z-axis direction by acceleration transducer | θMeasured value|;
(2.3) the acceleration actual value of vehicle is calculated:
When vehicle is in upward slope state:Acceleration actual value aActual value=aMeasured value-g×sin|θMeasured value|;
When vehicle is in descending state:Acceleration actual value aActual value=aMeasured value+g×sin|θMeasured value|;
Wherein, g is acceleration of gravity;
(3) the actual grade value residing for vehicle is calculated:
(3.1) initial value of slope θ is measured along y-axis by acceleration transducer in vehicle launch0, and with acceleration transducer along z The slope measurement of axle is proofreaded;
(3.2) angular velocity omega of slope change is measured along y-axis by gyro sensor, and then calculates slope change value △ θ, meter Calculating formula is:
<mrow> <mi>&amp;Delta;</mi> <mi>&amp;theta;</mi> <mo>=</mo> <msubsup> <mo>&amp;Integral;</mo> <msub> <mi>t</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> <mi>t</mi> </msubsup> <mi>&amp;omega;</mi> <mi>d</mi> <mi>t</mi> <mo>,</mo> </mrow>
Wherein, t represents time, t0Represent initial time;
(3.3) the actual grade value residing for vehicle is calculated:θ=θ0+△θ。
6. the computational methods of vehicle acceleration according to claim 5 and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that step (2.1) In, acceleration measurement aMeasured value=g × ((Vouty-2.5)/S), wherein, Vouty represent acceleration transducer measurement along y The output analog voltage signal value of axle, S represents the susceptibility constant of acceleration transducer, and g represents acceleration of gravity.
7. the computational methods of vehicle acceleration according to claim 5 and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that step (2.2) In, the absolute value of slope measurement | θMeasured value|=arc cos ((Voutz-2.5)/S), wherein Voutz represents acceleration sensing The output analog voltage signal value along z-axis of device measurement, S represents the susceptibility constant of acceleration transducer.
8. the computational methods of vehicle acceleration according to claim 5 and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that step (3.1) In, the initial value of slope θ that acceleration transducer is measured along y-axis0=arcsin ((Vouty-2.5)/S) |T=0
9. the computational methods of vehicle acceleration according to claim 5 and the residing gradient, it is characterised in that step (3.1) In, when acceleration transducer along y-axis measures initial value of slope θ0When being differed between the slope measurement along z-axis within 2 degree, then Judge the initial value of slope θ that acceleration transducer is measured along y-axis0Measurement is accurate;If differing by more than 2 degree, judge that acceleration is passed Sensor breaks down.
10. the computational methods of the vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient according to any one of claim 6~9, it is characterised in that The model SCA61 of the acceleration transducer.
CN201710441892.2A 2017-06-13 2017-06-13 The measurement apparatus and computational methods of a kind of vehicle acceleration and the residing gradient Pending CN107132377A (en)

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CN111337051A (en) * 2020-03-17 2020-06-26 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 Method and device for calibrating forward axis of vehicle accelerometer
CN113442932A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-09-28 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 Method, apparatus, vehicle, and computer-readable storage medium for estimating road surface gradient

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CN105116167A (en) * 2015-09-10 2015-12-02 深圳威易森科技有限公司 Acceleration determination method for motor vehicle running on slope plane
CN106052643A (en) * 2016-07-29 2016-10-26 东风商用车有限公司 Real gradient sensor for automobile and use method thereof

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CN1085656A (en) * 1992-09-30 1994-04-20 易通公司 A kind of angle of gradient and acceleration transducer
CN1275718A (en) * 2000-04-25 2000-12-06 黄松柏 High speed self adaptable acceleration and slope measuring sensor
CN101196534A (en) * 2006-12-07 2008-06-11 日产自动车株式会社 Acceleration detection device, acceleration detection method and neutral control device employing same
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CN111337051A (en) * 2020-03-17 2020-06-26 北京百度网讯科技有限公司 Method and device for calibrating forward axis of vehicle accelerometer
CN111337051B (en) * 2020-03-17 2022-02-01 阿波罗智联(北京)科技有限公司 Method and device for calibrating forward axis of vehicle accelerometer
CN113442932A (en) * 2021-07-28 2021-09-28 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司 Method, apparatus, vehicle, and computer-readable storage medium for estimating road surface gradient

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