CN107124054B - Alternating pole permanent magnet motor and rotor thereof - Google Patents
Alternating pole permanent magnet motor and rotor thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107124054B CN107124054B CN201710516311.7A CN201710516311A CN107124054B CN 107124054 B CN107124054 B CN 107124054B CN 201710516311 A CN201710516311 A CN 201710516311A CN 107124054 B CN107124054 B CN 107124054B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
- H02K1/2746—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets arranged with the same polarity, e.g. consequent pole type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an alternate pole permanent magnet motor and a rotor thereof, wherein the rotor of the alternate pole permanent magnet motor comprises alternate poles, and the alternate poles are provided with guide grooves; the middle sections of the alternating poles are positioned between two side sections of the alternating poles along the circumferential direction of the rotor, and the slotting density of the side sections of the alternating poles is greater than that of the middle sections of the alternating poles; the slot density is the average width of the guide slots per unit length along the chord length of the arc structure of alternating poles. According to the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, the air gap density formed by the magnetic lines of force in the middle section of the alternating poles is improved, the symmetry of the magnetic density distribution of adjacent permanent magnet poles and the alternating poles is improved, the second harmonic distortion rate of counter electromotive force is reduced, and the iron core loss is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of motors, in particular to an alternating pole permanent magnet motor and a rotor thereof.
Background
The rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor is provided with permanent magnet poles and alternating poles which are alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, the air gap density of the middle parts of the permanent magnet poles along the circumferential direction of the rotor is larger, the air gap density of the middle parts of the alternating poles along the circumferential direction of the rotor is smaller, namely the symmetry of adjacent permanent magnet poles and alternating poles is poorer, so that counter electromotive force has larger second harmonic distortion rate, and larger core loss is caused; and also causes a large vibration when the motor is operated.
In addition, as permanent magnets are not arranged on the alternating poles, the constraint on magnetic force lines is absent, the direction of the magnetic force lines is easily changed by the reaction of the quadrature armature, the magnetic force lines are distorted, and larger torque pulsation is generated when the motor operates.
In summary, how to design the rotor of the permanent magnet motor with alternating poles to reduce the second harmonic distortion of the counter electromotive force and reduce the core loss is a problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a rotor of an alternating pole permanent magnet motor, which is used for reducing the second harmonic distortion rate of counter electromotive force and reducing iron core loss. The invention aims to provide an alternating pole permanent magnet motor with the rotor.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor comprises alternating poles, wherein the alternating poles are provided with guide grooves;
the middle sections of the alternating poles are positioned between two side sections of the alternating poles along the circumferential direction of the rotor, and the slotting density of the side sections of the alternating poles is greater than that of the middle sections of the alternating poles;
the slot density is the average width of the guide slot per unit length along the chord length direction of the arc structure of the alternating poles.
Preferably, the guide groove extends along the course of the magnetic field lines at the location thereof.
Preferably, the guide grooves are provided only at both side sections of the alternating poles.
Preferably, the guide grooves are provided only at one side section of the alternating pole.
Preferably, the two side sections of the alternating pole are respectively an alternating pole first side section and an alternating pole second side section; the first side sections of the alternate poles are positioned in front of the second side sections of the alternate poles in the direction of rotation of the rotor, and the guide grooves are provided only in the first side sections of the alternate poles.
Preferably, the inner ends of any two of the guide grooves near the rotor axis are equidistant from the rotor axis.
Preferably, the slot density of the alternating poles is no greater than 0.35.
Preferably, the width of the guide groove is greater than 0.5mm.
Preferably, the guide groove is formed on the outer wall of the rotor.
Preferably, the guide groove is provided between an outer wall and an inner wall of the rotor.
Preferably, the guide groove is filled with a non-magnetic conductive piece.
Preferably, the permanent magnets of the rotor have rare earth elements.
Based on the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, the invention also provides the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, which comprises a rotor, wherein the rotor is any one of the rotors.
In the rotor of the alternating pole permanent magnet motor, compared with the soft magnetic material of the rotor, the magnetic resistance of the guide groove is larger, and magnetic lines of force can pass through the place with smaller magnetic resistance, namely the magnetic lines of force can pass through the place without the guide groove, because the slotting density of two side sections of the alternating pole is larger than that of the middle section of the alternating pole, most of the magnetic lines of force can pass through the middle section of the alternating pole, the air gap density formed by the middle section of the alternating pole of the magnetic lines of force is improved, and the symmetry of the magnetic density distribution of adjacent permanent magnetic poles and the alternating poles is improved, so that the second harmonic distortion rate of counter potential is reduced, and the iron core loss is reduced; meanwhile, vibration generated when the motor operates is reduced.
Meanwhile, as the guide grooves are arranged on the alternating poles of the rotor of the alternating pole permanent magnet motor, compared with the soft magnetic material of the rotor, the magnetic resistance of the guide grooves is larger, the magnetic resistance of the intersecting magnetic circuit is increased by the guide grooves, the change of the intersecting armature reaction on the trend of magnetic lines is weakened, namely the influence of the intersecting armature reaction on the distribution of the magnetic lines is reduced, the distortion of the magnetic lines is avoided, and the generation of larger torque pulsation of the motor due to the distortion of the magnetic lines is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of an alternating pole permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a rotor of an alternate pole permanent magnet motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the second harmonic distortion ratio of a motor employing the rotor of an alternate pole permanent magnet motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention with an alternate pole permanent magnet motor provided by the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the motor of a rotor of an alternating pole permanent magnet motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention with an alternating pole permanent magnet motor provided by the prior art with respect to core loss;
fig. 5 is a graph comparing torque versus motor employing a rotor of an alternate pole permanent magnet motor provided by an embodiment of the present invention and an alternate pole permanent magnet motor provided by the prior art.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises alternating poles 2 and permanent magnet poles 1 which are alternately distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, wherein the alternating poles 2 are provided with guide grooves 4, the slotting density of the side sections of the alternating poles 2 is greater than that of the middle sections of the alternating poles 2, and the slotting density is the average width of the guide grooves 4 per unit length along the chord length direction of the arc-shaped structure of the alternating poles 2.
It will be appreciated that the middle section of the alternating pole 2 is located between the two side sections of the alternating pole 2 in the circumferential direction of the rotor. The chord length direction of the arc structure of the alternating pole 2 is the width direction of the alternating pole 2 and is also the width direction of the guide groove 4. As shown in fig. 1, the width of the alternating pole 2 is L, and the width of the guide groove 4 is W.
Let the sum of the widths of all the guide grooves 4 on one side section of the alternating pole 2 (when the guide groove 4 on that side section of the alternating pole 2 is one, the width of one guide groove 4) be W 1 The width of the side section of the alternating pole 2 is L 1 The slotting density of the side section of the alternate pole 2 is W 1 /L 1 。
Another alternate electrode 2 is arrangedThe sum of the widths of all the guide grooves 4 on one side section (when the guide groove 4 on the side section of the alternating pole 2 is one, the width of one guide groove 4) is W 2 The width of the side section of the alternating pole 2 is L 2 The slotting density of the side section of the alternate pole 2 is W 2 /L 2 。
Let the sum of the widths of all the guide grooves 4 in the middle section of the alternating pole 2 (when the guide groove 4 in the middle section of the alternating pole 2 is one, the width of one guide groove 4) be W 3 The width of the middle section of the alternating pole 2 is L 3 The slotting density of the middle section of the alternating pole 2 is W 3 /L 3 。
Let the sum of the widths of all the guide grooves 4 on the alternating pole 2 (when the guide grooves 4 on the alternating pole 2 are one, the width of one guide groove 4) be W 4 The width of the alternate pole 2 is L, and the grooving density of the alternate pole 2 is W 4 /L。
The number of the guide grooves 4 on one of the alternate poles 2 may be one or two or more, and when the number of the guide grooves 4 on one of the alternate poles 2 is two or more, it is preferable to select any one of the alternate poles 2 so that the widths of any two of the guide grooves 4 are equal, and at this time, the number of the guide grooves 4 is larger, that is, the concentration of the guide grooves 4 is larger, and the grooving density is larger.
When there are two or more guide grooves 4 in one of the alternate poles 2, the guide grooves 4 are preferably distributed in the alternate poles 2 in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
For convenience of description, the middle section of the alternating pole 2 is an alternating pole middle section 23, and the two side sections of the alternating pole 2 are an alternating pole first side section 21 and an alternating pole second side section 22, respectively. The alternating pole first side sections 21, the alternating pole middle sections 23, and the alternating pole second side sections 22 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor.
The rotor of the alternating pole permanent magnet motor is formed by laminating soft magnetic sheets, the rotor is provided with a mounting groove, the permanent magnet 3 is mounted in the mounting groove, and the polarities of the permanent magnets 3 of the permanent magnet poles 1 facing the axis of the rotor are the same. Adjacent two mounting slots are separated by a soft magnetic material which is magnetized into alternating poles 2 by adjacent permanent magnets 3.
In the rotor of the alternating pole permanent magnet motor provided by the embodiment of the invention, compared with the soft magnetic material of the rotor, the magnetic resistance of the guide groove 4 is larger, and magnetic lines of force can pass through the place with smaller magnetic resistance, namely the magnetic lines of force can pass through the place without the guide groove 4, because the slotting density of two side sections of the alternating pole 2 along the circumferential direction of the rotor is larger than that of the middle section of the alternating pole 2, most of the magnetic lines of force can pass through the middle section of the alternating pole 2, the larger air gap density of the magnetic lines of force formed in the middle section of the alternating pole 2 is improved, and the symmetry of the magnetic density distribution of adjacent permanent magnet poles 1 and the alternating pole 2 is improved, so that the second harmonic distortion rate of counter potential is reduced, and the iron core loss is reduced; meanwhile, vibration generated when the motor operates is reduced.
Meanwhile, in the rotor of the alternating pole permanent magnet motor provided by the embodiment of the invention, as the guide groove 4 is arranged on the alternating pole 2, compared with the soft magnetic material of the rotor, the magnetic resistance of the guide groove 4 is larger, the magnetic resistance of a quadrature magnetic circuit is increased by the guide groove 4, the change of the quadrature armature reaction on the trend of magnetic lines is weakened, namely the influence of the quadrature armature reaction on the distribution of the magnetic lines is reduced, the distortion of the magnetic lines is avoided, and the generation of larger torque pulsation of the motor due to the distortion of the magnetic lines is avoided.
In the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, at least two permanent magnet poles 1 and at least two alternating poles 2 are provided, for example, three, four or six permanent magnet poles 1 and at least six alternating poles 2 are provided.
For ease of production and manufacture, the above-mentioned guide slots 4 extend through both ends of the alternating poles 2 in the axial direction of the rotor.
Preferably, the guide groove 4 extends along the magnetic line of force at the location thereof. In this way, the reluctance increase of the guide groove 4 to the main magnetic circuit is reduced as much as possible, and the working performance of the motor is ensured.
The slot density in the middle of the alternating pole 2 may be zero, i.e. the middle section of the alternating pole 2 has no guide slots 4.
The number of the side sections of the alternating poles 2 is two, and the slotting density of the two side sections of the alternating poles 2 can be selected to be larger than zero, namely, the two side sections of the alternating poles 2 are provided with guide grooves 4; the slotting density of one side section of the alternating pole 2 can also be selected to be zero, and the slotting density of the other side section of the alternating pole 2 is larger than zero, namely, one side section of the alternating pole 2 is provided with a guide groove 4.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, it is preferable that the first side sections 21 of the alternate poles of one alternate pole 2 are located at the front side of the second side sections 22 of the alternate poles in the rotation direction of the rotor, and the guide grooves 4 are provided only at the first side sections 21 of the alternate poles.
By the arrangement mode, the maximum air gap flux density of the alternating poles 2 caused by the aggregation of the magnetic lines in the rotating direction is prevented from deviating from the center position of the alternating poles 2, and the rotor position is detected more accurately.
Of course, the guide grooves 4 may be alternatively provided only in the alternating pole second side sections 22, and are not limited to the above embodiment.
Preferably, the inner ends of any two guide grooves 4 close to the rotor axis are equal in distance from the rotor axis, so that the influence of the guide grooves 4 on the magnetic resistance of the main magnetic circuit can be reduced, and the normal operation of the rotor can be ensured.
It will be appreciated that when the inner end surface of the inner end of the guide groove 4 is a plane, the distance from the inner end of the guide groove 4 to the rotor axis may be the distance from the middle of the inner end surface to the rotor axis, or the distance from the side end of the inner end surface to the rotor axis; when the inner end surface of the inner end of the guide groove 4 is an arc surface, the inner end of the guide groove 4 is on the same circle, and the center of the circle is on the axis of the rotor.
The middle of the inner end surface of the guide groove 4 is located between both side ends of the inner end surface of the guide groove 4 in the circumferential direction of the rotor.
In the rotor of the alternating pole permanent magnet, the greater the slotting density is, the smaller the magnetic density mutation on the periphery of the rotor is.
Preferably, the slot density of the alternating poles 2 is not more than 0.35. Thus, by controlling the slot density of the alternating poles 2 within this range, the output of the motor is not excessively reduced, and the distribution of magnetic lines of force on the alternating poles 2 is maximally adjusted.
Of course, the slot density of the alternating poles 2 may be selected to be other values, and is not limited to the above embodiment.
The width of the guide groove 4 is greater than 0.5mm for convenience of processing. For convenience of controlling the width of the guide groove 4, the width of the guide groove 4 is compared with the thickness of the soft magnetic sheet of the rotor, and in particular, the width of the guide groove 4 is larger than the thickness of the soft magnetic sheet. Further, the soft magnetic sheet is a silicon steel sheet.
The upper limit value of the width of the guide groove 4 is designed according to actual needs, so long as the normal operation of the rotor is ensured, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited.
In the rotor of the alternating pole permanent magnet motor, the guide groove 4 may have an opening facing away from the axis of the rotor, i.e. the guide groove 4 is opened on the outer wall of the rotor; alternatively, the guide slot 4 does not open away from the rotor axis, i.e. the guide slot 4 is arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall of the rotor, as shown in fig. 1 and 2.
The guide groove 4 may be filled with a non-magnetic conductive material or may be filled with no material. When the non-magnetic conductive member is filled in the guide groove 4, specific materials of the non-magnetic conductive member are selected according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the present invention is not limited thereto.
Preferably, the permanent magnet 3 of the permanent magnet pole 1 has a rare earth element. In this way, the performance of the permanent magnet 3 is effectively improved. The rare earth element type is designed according to actual needs, and the embodiment of the invention is not limited to the rare earth element type.
In the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, the shape of the guide groove 4 may be designed according to practical needs, for example, the cross section of the guide groove 4 is triangular, quadrangular, kidney-shaped, etc. Further, the guide groove 4 has a rectangular cross section. It will be appreciated that the cross section of the guide slot 4 is perpendicular to the rotor axis.
When the guide groove 4 is irregularly shaped, the width of a certain position of the guide groove 4 may be defined as the width of the guide groove 4, for example, the width of the inner end of the guide groove 4 near the rotor axis may be defined as the width of the guide groove 4, or the width of the outer end of the guide groove 4 away from the rotor axis may be defined as the width of the guide groove 4, or the like.
In order to more clearly illustrate the advantages of the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, the motor adopting the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor and the existing alternating-pole permanent magnet motor are tested in the same environment, as shown in fig. 3-5. In fig. 3-5, the existing motor is an existing alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, and the motor of the invention is a motor adopting the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, a contrast chart of the second harmonic distortion rate of the counter potential is obtained, and it can be seen that the second harmonic distortion rate of the counter potential of the motor is effectively reduced and improved; as shown in fig. 4, a comparative iron loss graph is obtained, and it can be seen that the iron loss of the motor of the invention is effectively improved; as shown in fig. 5, a waveform comparison of the torque is obtained, and it can be seen that the pulsation of the torque of the motor of the present invention is improved.
In fig. 5, a curve with black dots shows a change in torque of the motor according to the present invention with time, and a curve without black dots shows a change in torque of the conventional motor with time.
Based on the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor provided by the embodiment, the embodiment of the invention also provides the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, which comprises the rotor, wherein the rotor is the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor provided by the embodiment.
Because the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor provided by the above embodiment has the above technical effects, the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor has the rotor of the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor, and the alternating-pole permanent magnet motor also has corresponding technical effects, which are not described herein.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (13)
1. Rotor of an alternating pole permanent magnet machine, comprising alternating poles (2), characterized in that the alternating poles (2) are provided with guiding grooves (4);
the middle sections of the alternating poles (2) are positioned between two side sections of the alternating poles (2) along the circumferential direction of the rotor, and the slotting density of the side sections of the alternating poles (2) is greater than that of the middle sections of the alternating poles (2);
the grooving density is the average width of the guide groove (4) per unit length along the chord length direction of the arc-shaped structure of the alternating poles (2).
2. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide slot (4) extends along the course of the magnetic field lines at its location.
3. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide slots (4) are provided only at two side sections of the alternating poles (2).
4. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide slots (4) are provided only at one side section of the alternating poles (2).
5. The rotor as set forth in claim 4, wherein,
the two side sections of the alternating pole (2) are respectively an alternating pole first side section (21) and an alternating pole second side section (22);
in the rotation direction of the rotor, the first side sections (21) of the alternate poles (2) are positioned at the front side of the second side sections (22) of the alternate poles, and the guide grooves (4) are only arranged on the first side sections (21) of the alternate poles.
6. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner ends of any two of the guide grooves (4) close to the rotor axis are equidistant from the rotor axis.
7. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the slotting density of the alternating poles (2) is not greater than 0.35.
8. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the width of the guide groove (4) is greater than 0.5mm.
9. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide groove (4) is open on the outer wall of the rotor.
10. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide groove (4) is arranged between the outer wall and the inner wall of the rotor.
11. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide groove (4) is filled with a non-magnetically conductive member.
12. A rotor according to claim 1, characterized in that the permanent magnets (3) of the rotor have rare earth elements.
13. An alternating pole permanent magnet machine comprising a rotor, wherein the rotor is as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.
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WO2019049203A1 (en) * | 2017-09-05 | 2019-03-14 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Consequent pole-type motor, electric motor, compressor, air blower, and air conditioner |
JP6964672B2 (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2021-11-10 | 三菱電機株式会社 | Rotors, motors, blowers and air conditioners |
CN110401282A (en) * | 2019-08-02 | 2019-11-01 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Rotor assembly and alternating-pole motor |
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JP4449035B2 (en) * | 2004-03-10 | 2010-04-14 | 日立オートモティブシステムズ株式会社 | Permanent magnet rotating electric machine for electric vehicles |
US8179011B2 (en) * | 2008-12-17 | 2012-05-15 | Asmo Co., Ltd. | Brushless motor |
JP5862048B2 (en) * | 2010-05-13 | 2016-02-16 | 株式会社デンソー | Rotating electrical machine rotor |
FR2983658B1 (en) * | 2011-12-01 | 2014-09-12 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | ROTOR OF ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE AND ROTATING ELECTRIC MACHINE COMPRISING SUCH A ROTOR |
US20130342065A1 (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-12-26 | Asmo Co., Ltd. | Brushless motor and method for manufacturing brushless motor |
JP2014082836A (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2014-05-08 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Rotor and rotary electric machine having the same |
CN106026585B (en) * | 2016-08-01 | 2018-09-11 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Increase U-shaped adjustable flux electric machine built in magnetic-type |
CN206948062U (en) * | 2017-06-29 | 2018-01-30 | 珠海格力节能环保制冷技术研究中心有限公司 | Consequent pole permanent magnet motor and its rotor |
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