CN107123569B

CN107123569B - Electromagnet

Info

Publication number: CN107123569B
Application number: CN201710490874.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴锦松; 魏春晖; 杨政益; 陈旭东; 张小燕
Original assignee: Xiamen Andaxing Automation Equipment Co ltd
Current assignee: Xiamen Andaxing Automation Equipment Co ltd
Priority date: 2017-06-22
Filing date: 2017-06-22
Publication date: 2020-10-20
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-22
Also published as: CN107123569A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electromagnets, in particular to an electromagnet with high energy efficiency volume ratio. The invention discloses an electromagnet which comprises a coil, a framework, a movable iron core and a static iron core, wherein the coil is wound on the framework, the movable iron core and the static iron core are arranged in the framework, the static iron core is provided with a plurality of first conical pole faces, the movable iron core is provided with a plurality of second conical pole faces, the first conical pole faces and the second conical pole faces are matched one by one, and when the coil is electrified, the movable iron core and the static iron core attract each other through electromagnetic force between the first conical pole faces and the second conical pole faces. The invention has compact structure, small volume, particularly small longitudinal size, high energy efficiency and volume ratio and low cost, and is particularly suitable for occasions with strict requirements on space.

Description

Electromagnet

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of electromagnets, and particularly relates to an electromagnet with a high energy-efficiency volume ratio.

Background

The electric locomotive is used as an important means for the transportation of floating population and materials, and the adaptive temperature range of pneumatic elements used on the locomotive is required to be-40 ℃ to +70 ℃ in order to be suitable for the characteristics of large north-south span and large day-night temperature difference in China; the electromagnet is used for pushing the vacuum circuit breaker in a locomotive vacuum circuit breaker control system, and after the circuit breaker is switched on, the circuit breaker is kept in a switched-on state, and the original pneumatic or pneumatic pushing mode of keeping the coil combination is replaced, so that the circuit breaker is adaptive to a wider temperature range, links are reduced, and the reliability of products is improved.

When the coil of the electromagnet is electrified, an electromagnetic field is generated inside, the movable iron core inside generates electromagnetic force under the action of the magnetic field and is absorbed together with the static iron core, so that the movable contact on the connecting rod and the static contact on the vacuum circuit breaker are pushed to be closed, and when the current is disconnected, the movable iron core returns to the original position under the action of the return spring. When the magnetic field force needs to be enhanced, the conventional common method is to increase the wire diameter or the number of turns of a coil and increase the ampere-turn ratio, and although the method is simple to implement, the volume of the electromagnet is increased, and the cost is high; when the stroke of the electromagnet needs to be increased, the conventional common method is to increase the suction inclination angle to achieve the aim, and although the method is simple to realize, the electromagnet can be lengthened and heavy, and the cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems and provide an electromagnet which is small in size, particularly small in longitudinal dimension, achieves the optimal energy efficiency volume ratio and is low in cost.

The invention discloses an electromagnet which comprises a coil, a framework, a movable iron core and a static iron core, wherein the coil is wound on the framework, the movable iron core and the static iron core are arranged in the framework, the static iron core is provided with a plurality of first conical pole faces, the movable iron core is provided with a plurality of second conical pole faces, the first conical pole faces and the second conical pole faces are matched one by one, and the movable iron core and the static iron core are mutually attracted through electromagnetic force between the first conical pole faces and the second conical pole faces when the coil is electrified.

Further, the first tapered polar surface is a conical polar surface, and the second tapered polar surface is a conical polar surface.

Furthermore, the taper angle of the first conical polar surface and the taper angle of the second conical polar surface are both 15-25 degrees, and 20 degrees is preferred.

Furthermore, the first conical polar surfaces are sequentially nested, and the second conical polar surfaces are sequentially nested.

Furthermore, the inclination directions of the adjacent first conical polar surfaces are opposite, and the inclination directions of the adjacent second conical polar surfaces are opposite.

Furthermore, a common end is arranged between the adjacent first conical pole faces, and a common end is arranged between the adjacent second conical pole faces

Further, the number of the first conical pole and the second conical pole is 3.

Furthermore, the magnetic coil further comprises an outer magnetic conductive loop, and the outer magnetic conductive loop is wrapped outside the coil and the framework.

Further, still include the connecting rod, the connecting rod sets up with moving iron core is fixed.

The invention has the beneficial technical effects that:

the movable iron core and the static iron core of the invention increase the magnetic flux area by matching a plurality of conical pole faces to increase the electromagnetic force, thereby realizing that the volume can be smaller when the same force value and stroke requirements are met, and particularly the longitudinal dimension can be greatly reduced, so that the invention has the advantages of light weight, low power consumption, low cost and long service life, and is particularly suitable for occasions with strict requirements on space.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a stationary core according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable iron core according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

As shown in fig. 1, an electromagnet includes an outer magnetic conductive loop 1, a coil 2, a bobbin 3, a movable iron core 4, a return spring 5, a stationary iron core 6 and a coil fixing seat 7, where the coil 2 and the bobbin 3 are disposed in the outer magnetic conductive loop 1, the coil 2 is wound on the bobbin 3, the outer magnetic conductive loop 1 and the bobbin 3 are fixed by the coil fixing seat 7, the stationary iron core 6 is fixedly disposed in one end of the bobbin 3, and the movable iron core 4 can slide in the bobbin 3 along a longitudinal axis and between an attraction position and a disengagement position under the action of the coil 2 and the return spring 5.

In this embodiment, the movable iron core 4 is further fixed with a connecting rod 8, which can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art with reference to the existing connecting rod structure of the circuit breaker, and will not be described in detail.

The quiet iron core 6 is equipped with a plurality of first toper utmost point faces 61, move iron core 4 and be equipped with a plurality of second toper utmost point faces 41, a plurality of first toper utmost point faces 61 and a plurality of second toper utmost point faces 41 looks adaptation one by one, when coil 2 switched on electricity, move iron core 4 and quiet iron core 6 and through the electromagnetic force between first toper utmost point face 61 and the second toper utmost point face 41 and mutual actuation.

In this embodiment, the movable iron core 4 and the stationary iron core 6 are made of soft magnetic material.

In this embodiment, the number of the first tapered pole faces 61 is 3, and similarly, the number of the second tapered pole faces 41 is 3, however, in other embodiments, the number of the first tapered pole faces 61 and the number of the second tapered pole faces 41 may be designed according to different cross-sectional areas, for example, in order to make the longitudinal size of the electromagnet smaller, more first tapered pole faces 61 and second tapered pole faces 41 may be provided, which can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art, and will not be described in detail.

In this embodiment, the first tapered pole surface 61 is a conical pole surface, and the second tapered pole surface 41 is also a conical pole surface, and the conical pole surface can make the structure more compact and the electromagnetic force larger, and of course, in other embodiments, the first tapered pole surface 61 and the second tapered pole surface 41 can also adopt other tapered structures, such as a triangular tapered structure or a four-sided tapered structure, which can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.

In this embodiment, the taper angle of the first tapered polar surface 61 and the taper angle of the second tapered polar surface 41 are both preferably between 15 and 25 degrees, and more preferably 20 degrees.

In this embodiment, in order to make the movable iron core 4 and the stationary iron core 6 more compact and smaller in size, especially smaller in lateral size, the first tapered pole faces 61 are sequentially nested, and the second tapered pole faces 41 are correspondingly sequentially nested.

Of course, in other embodiments, the plurality of first tapered pole faces 61 may not be sequentially nested, such as dispersed, etc., which can be easily implemented by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.

Further, the inclination directions of the adjacent first tapered pole faces 61 are opposite, and the inclination directions of the adjacent second tapered pole faces 41 are opposite, so that the space between the tapered pole faces is more compact, and the volumes of the movable iron core 4 and the static iron core 6 are smaller.

Furthermore, a common end 62 is arranged between the adjacent first tapered pole faces 61, and a common end 42 is arranged between the adjacent second tapered pole faces 41, so that the distance between the adjacent tapered pole faces is minimized, and the volume of the movable iron core 4 and the static iron core 6 is further reduced.

The movable iron core 4 can be an integrated piece or formed by sleeving a plurality of conical rings, and the static iron core 6 can be an integrated piece or formed by sleeving a plurality of conical rings.

The working process is as follows: when the coil 2 is electrified, the movable iron core 4 and the static iron core 6 generate a folding magnetic loop through the plurality of second conical pole surfaces 41 and the plurality of first conical pole surfaces 61 under the action of magnetic field force to generate large electromagnetic force, the magnetic force and the magnetic loop are attracted together to push a movable contact on the connecting rod 8 and a static contact on the vacuum circuit breaker to be closed, and when current is disconnected, the movable iron core 4 returns to the original position under the action of the reset spring 5.

The movable iron core and the static iron core of the invention are matched by a plurality of conical pole faces to increase the magnetic flux area, so that the movable iron core 4 obtains larger electromagnetic force, thereby realizing that the volume of the electromagnet can be smaller, particularly the longitudinal dimension can be greatly reduced when the same force value and stroke requirements are met, leading the weight to be light, the power consumption to be small, the cost to be low, the service life to be long, and being particularly suitable for occasions with strict requirements on space.

While the invention has been particularly shown and described with reference to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an electromagnet, includes coil, skeleton, connecting rod, moves iron core and quiet iron core, the coil winding is on the skeleton, move iron core and quiet iron core setting in the skeleton, its characterized in that: the quiet iron core is equipped with a plurality of first toper utmost point faces, it is equipped with a plurality of second toper utmost point faces to move the iron core, a plurality of first toper utmost point faces respectively with a plurality of second toper utmost point face one-to-one looks adaptations, when the coil circular telegram, move the iron core and quiet iron core through the electromagnetic force between first toper utmost point face and the second toper utmost point face and mutual actuation, the connecting rod with move the fixed setting of iron core, quiet iron core is equipped with the shaft hole, the connecting rod activity is passed the shaft hole and is made the output of connecting rod stretch out outside the skeleton.

2. The electromagnet of claim 1 wherein: the first conical polar surface is a conical polar surface, and the second conical polar surface is a conical polar surface.

3. The electromagnet of claim 2 wherein: the taper angle of the first conical polar surface and the taper angle of the second conical polar surface are both 15-25 degrees, and 20 degrees is preferred.

4. An electromagnet according to claim 2 or 3 wherein: the first conical polar surfaces are sequentially nested, and the second conical polar surfaces are sequentially nested.

5. The electromagnet of claim 4 wherein: the inclination directions of the adjacent first conical polar surfaces are opposite, and the inclination directions of the adjacent second conical polar surfaces are opposite.

6. The electromagnet of claim 5 wherein: and a common end is arranged between the adjacent first conical polar surfaces, and a common end is arranged between the adjacent second conical polar surfaces.

7. The electromagnet of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the number of the first conical pole and the second conical pole is 3.

8. The electromagnet of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the coil and the framework are wrapped by the outer magnetic conductive loop.