A kind of continuous zooming optical device
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of optical, in particular to a kind of small-bore big light passing amount continuous zooming optical dress
It sets, is suitable under periscope condition, concealment observation is carried out to target.
Background technique
Under periscope condition, in order to observe the target for requiring visual field and operating distance on the water surface, while having good hidden
Property, it is desirable that the part that observation device exposes the surface is small as far as possible, and Fig. 1 show the existing latent structural schematic diagram for hoping equipment, that is, works as guarantor
The size for protecting glass is certain, to meet the requirement of visual field and operating distance, it is necessary to constant in the relative aperture for guaranteeing Optical devices
Under the premise of, clear aperture and entrance pupil distance are minimized, and clear aperture and entrance pupil distance are related with the position of iris diaphgram,
For iris diaphgram closer to the first face that light enters, the clear aperture and Optical devices entrance pupil distance in the first face are just smaller.
Fig. 2 show a kind of continuous zooming optical device of the prior art, be preceding fixed group+zoom group+compensation group+after
The structure type of fixed group, first fixed group undertakes focusing task, and zoom group and compensation group realize zoom and stablize image planes, can darkening
Door screen is placed between compensation group and rear fixed group, at rear fixed group.This device is led since iris diaphgram is far from first fixed group
The clear aperture of fixed group increases before causing, entrance pupil lengthening distance, and the Optical devices of the structure are installed on latent prestige observation shown in FIG. 1
When in equipment, the size for directly resulting in protection glass increases, and concealment reduces.
As shown in figure 3, if can reduce clear aperture when iris diaphgram is placed between zoom group and compensation group and enter interpupillary distance
From, but when being installed in latent prestige observation device shown in FIG. 1, the globality of cam is destroyed, the difficulty of processing and adjustment is increased
Degree;
As shown in figure 4, if before iris diaphgram is placed between fixed group and zoom group when, the clear aperture and light in the first face
Learn that device entrance pupil distance is minimum, but the clear aperture of compensation group and rear fixed group increases rapidly, cause Optical devices volume and
Weight increases, and is unfavorable for Miniaturization Design.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome the problems of the prior art and deficiency, it is continuous to provide a kind of small-bore big light passing amount
Varifocus optical apparatus reduces the volume of Optical devices and enters under the premise of guaranteeing the visual field and operating distance of observed target
Interpupillary distance from.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is: a kind of continuous zooming optical device, including sequence
Compensation group, zoom group, iris diaphgram group, focusing group, rear fixed group and the image planes being installed on optical axis O-O;The compensation
Group is the positive light coke group of the structure in pairs moved along the direction optical axis O-O, is made of two pieces of cemented doublets, and being used for will be parallel
Light at object of the picture as zoom group, and undertake the function of stable image planes;The zoom group is to move along the direction optical axis O-O
Double single structures negative power group, be made of one piece of cemented doublet and a piece of diverging meniscus lens, for changing optical system
Total focal length, realize the consecutive variations of focal length;The iris diaphgram group is moved perpendicular to the direction optical axis O-O, for changing light
System light throughput is learned, the clear aperture and entrance pupil distance of compensation group are reduced;The focusing group is to move along the direction optical axis O-O
Only double structure positive light coke group, be made of two pieces of biconvex lens and one piece of cemented doublet, for undertaking focusing task,
Enable optical system focal length position to the target blur-free imaging of 20m~∞, short focus position can target to 3m~∞ it is clear
Imaging;The described rear fixed group for the list that is fixed on optical axis O-O structure in pairs positive light coke group, by a piece of biconvex lens
It is constituted with two pieces of cemented doublets, for compensating the aberration of compensation group, zoom group and focusing group.
A kind of continuous zooming optical device, compensation group relative aperture D/f are 1/1.9, from front to back successively are as follows:
The cemented doublet of a piece of lanthanum flint positive meniscus lens and a piece of light crown biconvex lens composition, a piece of light crown biconvex lens with it is a piece of
The cemented doublet of dense flint biconcave lens composition.
A kind of continuous zooming optical device, zoom group is from front to back successively are as follows: a piece of dense flint biconvex lens
With the cemented doublet of a piece of lanthanum crown biconcave lens composition, a piece of dense barium flint diverging meniscus lens.
A kind of continuous zooming optical device, iris diaphgram group is between zoom group and focusing group and close to change
The one of group one end fixed position again.
A kind of continuous zooming optical device, focusing group relative aperture D/f are 1/2.1, from front to back successively are as follows:
Two panels fluorine crown biconvex lens, the cemented doublet of a piece of light crown biconvex lens and a piece of lanthanum flint biconcave lens composition.
A kind of continuous zooming optical device fixes thereafter group from front to back successively are as follows: a piece of lanthanum flint lenticular
Mirror, the cemented doublet of a piece of lanthanum flint diverging meniscus lens and a piece of light crown positive meniscus lens composition, a piece of negative bent moon of lanthanum flint
The cemented doublet of lens and a piece of light flint biconvex lens composition.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: using compensation group+zoom group+focusing group+rear fixed group structure type, it can darkening
Door screen is placed between zoom group and focusing group, and at zoom group, optical system overall length changes with the change of focal length, and advantage exists
In: in the case where relative aperture is constant, light enters Optical devices of the clear aperture than the prior art of the compensation group of one end
Reduce 30%, the clear aperture of remaining constituent element is held essentially constant, and entrance pupil distance reduces 25.7%.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the existing latent structural schematic diagram for hoping equipment;
Fig. 2 is a kind of existing structural schematic diagram of continuous zooming optical device;
Fig. 3 is that existing Optical devices diaphragm is in the structural schematic diagram between zoom group and compensation group;
Fig. 4 is that existing Optical devices diaphragm is in the preceding fixed group of structural schematic diagram between zoom group;
Fig. 5-7 be Optical devices of the present invention it is short/in/focal length schematic diagram, wherein d1、d2、d3For variable interval;
Fig. 8 is compensated curve schematic diagram of the present invention.
Each appended drawing reference are as follows: 1-compensation group, 2-zoom groups, 3-iris diaphgrams, 4-focusing groups, 5-fix group afterwards,
6-image planes.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figures 5 to 7, a basic implementation of a kind of small-bore big light passing amount continuous zooming optical device of the present invention
Example, it includes being installed on upper optical system overall length during continuously changing focal length of same optical axis O-O to change correspondingly, image planes 6
Remain unchanged three of distance move along optical axis direction, one moved on perpendicular to optical axis direction, one be fixed on optical axis
Five components: 1 one end of compensation group that five microscope groups are entered using light as front end, 6 one end of image planes be rear end, from front to back
It is arranged successively are as follows: compensation group 1, zoom group 2, iris diaphgram group 3, focusing group 4 and rear fixed group 5.
The compensation group 1 is the positive light coke group of structure in pairs, for by directional light at picture as zoom group 2
Object, and the function of stable image planes 6 is undertaken, it is made of two pieces of cemented doublets;The zoom group 2 is the negative light focus of double single structures
Degree group realizes the consecutive variations of focal length for changing the total focal length (i.e. multiplying power) of optical system, by one piece of cemented doublet and one
Piece diverging meniscus lens is constituted;The iris diaphgram group 3 reduces the light admission port of compensation group 1 for changing optical system luminous flux
Diameter and entrance pupil distance;The focusing group 4 is that the positive light coke group of only double structure makes optical system for undertaking focusing task
Unite focal length position can to 20 meters to infinity of target blur-free imaging, can be clear to 3 meters to infinity of target in short focus position
Clear imaging is made of two pieces of biconvex lens and one piece of cemented doublet, and the rear fixed group 5 is the positive light focus of single structure in pairs
Degree group is made of for compensating the aberration of first three groups a piece of biconvex lens and two pieces of cemented doublets, is continuously changing focal length
The optical system overall length of this Optical devices changes correspondingly in the process, and 6 distance of image planes remains unchanged;The iris diaphgram group 3
A fixed position between zoom group 2 and focusing group 4 and close to 2 one end of zoom group, clear aperture are variable.
The design value of this Optical devices transmission function are as follows:
Table 1 is specific implementation example transmission function design value
Optical devices of the present invention are in the target imaging to 3m~∞ range, without focusing, in the continuous of 17mm~138mm
In zooming procedure, image is whole clear;The overall length of optical system is variable in zooming procedure, under conditions of same relative aperture,
The clear aperture Optical devices more constant than overall length reduce 30%, and entrance pupil distance reduces 25.7%, and zoom curve is regular curve, compensation
Curve is the irregular curve of parabolic shape.
Embodiment 2
It is further technical solution on the basis of embodiment 1.
The 1 relative aperture D/f of compensation group is 1/1.9, from front to back successively are as follows: a piece of medium dispersion of high refractive index
The cemented doublet of lanthanum flint positive meniscus lens and the light crown biconvex lens composition of a piece of low dispersion low-refraction, a piece of low dispersion are low
The cemented doublet that the light crown biconvex lens of refractive index and the dense flint biconcave lens of the high dispersion of a piece of high refractive index form.
The zoom group 2 is from front to back successively are as follows: a piece of high dispersion dense flint biconvex lens of high refractive index and it is a piece of in
Etc. refractive index low dispersion lanthanum crown biconcave lens composition cemented doublet, a piece of low dispersion dense barium flint diverging meniscus lens.
A fixed position of the iris diaphgram group 3 between zoom group 2 and focusing group 4, clear aperture are variable.
The 4 relative aperture D/f of focusing group is 1/2.1, from front to back successively are as follows: the low dispersion fluorine crown of two panels low-refraction
Biconvex lens, double glue of a piece of low light crown biconvex lens of dispersion of low-refraction and a piece of high refractive index lanthanum flint biconcave lens composition
Close lens.
The rear fixation organizes 5 from front to back successively are as follows: a piece of high refractive index lanthanum flint biconvex lens, a piece of high refractive index
The cemented doublet of the light crown positive meniscus lens composition of lanthanum flint diverging meniscus lens dispersion low with a piece of low-refraction, a piece of high refraction
The cemented doublet of rate lanthanum flint diverging meniscus lens and the light flint biconvex lens composition of a piece of low-refraction.
On the basis of basic embodiment 1, the present invention can be designed that a series of small-bore big light passing amount continuous vari-focus
Optical devices are in conjunction with the embodiments further described below remarkable result of the invention:
Data corresponding diagram 5, Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 that following table 2, table 3 provide are one and are applied to the small-bore big of latent prestige equipment
Light passing amount continuous zooming optical device, the clear aperture Optical devices more constant than overall length reduce 30%, and entrance pupil distance reduces
25.7%。
Table 3 is the variable interval value of the optical system, the short focus position in the numerical value corresponding diagram 5 of short focus, wherein burnt
Middle burnt position in numerical value corresponding diagram 6, the focal length position in the numerical value corresponding diagram 7 of focal length.
Table 2 is the structure of optical means parameter list that example is embodied
Table 3 is variable interval
The cam curve movement of compensation group 1 is parabolic shape (as shown in Figure 8), and beginning and end is located at the same of cam
End, the device focal length are 17mm~138mm continuous vari-focus, and relative aperture is 1:3~1:4.5, and the clear aperture of maximum lens is
33.4mm is adapted to image planes having a size of 1/3 inch CCD.
The claims in the present invention protection scope is not limited to the above embodiments.