CN107121693B - Real-time electronic spectrometer based on film scintillator and fiber array - Google Patents
Real-time electronic spectrometer based on film scintillator and fiber array Download PDFInfo
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- CN107121693B CN107121693B CN201710139151.9A CN201710139151A CN107121693B CN 107121693 B CN107121693 B CN 107121693B CN 201710139151 A CN201710139151 A CN 201710139151A CN 107121693 B CN107121693 B CN 107121693B
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- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of real-time electronic spectrometer based on film scintillator and fiber array, comprising: electronic collimation device, medical instrument with even magnetic field, film scintillator, optical fiber cable face conversion array and imaging system；The electronic collimation device, medical instrument with even magnetic field and film scintillator are arranged in shell, and the shell has a coaxial aperture in the axial direction of electronic collimation device, and position of the coaxial aperture for auxiliary electron spectrometer adjusts.Electrospectrograph in the present invention is on the basis of traditional electrospectrograph based on magnetic core logical circuit deflection, combine the real-time detection of scintillator, the low noise of plastic optical fiber and flexibly, the matched well of face fiber array and detector image planes the advantages that, realize simple, easy-operating electrospectrograph, electrospectrograph in the present invention can diagnose and detect energy in the electronics of 0.98MeV to 4.55MeV, and higher energy section is extended to, there is important application value in laser plasma physics.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrospectrograph technical fields, and in particular, to real-time based on film scintillator and fiber array
Electrospectrograph.
Technical background
From G.Mourou in 1985 et al. propose chirped pulse amplification technique (Chirped Pulse Amplification,
CPA since), the power of laser reaches TW-PW magnitude, and Focal intensity reaches 1020W/cm2More than, so superpower is ultrashort
Pulse laser and matter interaction will generate a large amount of Relativistic Energy electronics, the generation of these Relativistic Electrons and to transport be sharp
The basis of many processes of light plasma interaction, is a basic class in high energy energy density physical study field
Topic.Therefore the power spectrum for measuring this Relativistic Electron just seems particularly important.
Electron spectrum is generally based on the principle that electronics deflects in magnetic field to measure.Electronics is in magnetic field by long-range navigation
Hereby the effect of power is deflected, and the radius of the electronic deflection of different-energy is different, can be spatially separated.Electronics is in magnetic field
Deflection radius can be stated are as follows:
Wherein m, v, q respectively indicate the quality, speed and electricity of electronics.γ indicates relativistic factor, and B is magnetic field strength.
Different location puts the detector of diagnosis electronics inside magnetic field, so that it may measure the power spectrum of electronics.
Currently, most common electrospectrograph detector has imaging plate (Image Plate, IP), film scintillator and flashing
Body optical fiber.
The response of IP imaging plate is sensitive, and electron beam can leave signal after IP, therefore it can directly record the number of electronics
According to its measurement range is wide, and dynamic range is high.Generally, IP imaging plate is used in low-frequency laser-plasma experiments
In.This is because IP is a kind of passive detection device, needs to destroy target chamber vacuum and take out and special readout meter is used to obtain signal.
Meanwhile signal can gradually subside at any time, therefore, should not place for a long time excessively.It is removed moreover, reusing needs and exposing
Residual signal therein.
The working mechanism of scintillator is: when electron impact is to scintillator, scintillator can emit blinking, therefore flash
Body can be converted into electronic signal visible light wave range optical signal.Scintillator can carry out real-time detection under high repetition frequency.
Scintillator, which is placed in, needs the position that measures, when electron impact arrives scintillator, the visible light of sending pass through the collection of lens and at
On picture to sCMOS or CCD.Scintillator is usually a long and narrow fillet, therefore CCD the or SCMOS image planes of an only fillet are made
With which has limited the energy resolutions of electrospectrograph.Meanwhile the entire imaging optical path system of spectrometer also needs good shielding,
Overall structure is more complicated and too fat to move.
Scintillator optical fiber is similar with scintillator, is all electronic signal to be converted into visible light, while can also be in Gao Chongfu
Operation at frequencies.Unlike, scintillator optical fiber be it is flexible, one end of scintillator optical fiber forms a column side by side, with spectrometer
Interior magnetic field is parallel, and the other end of scintillator optical fiber forms a face type array, this improves the image planes utilization rate of CCD or sCMOS.
But because scintillator optical fiber is sensitive for the response of electronics, for some other high energy particle (proton, ion and neutron etc.)
Response is also had with radiation (x-ray, γ-ray), it is therefore desirable to add additional barricade.To avoid scintillator optical fiber from introducing
Ambient noise, some people shorten the length of scintillator optical fiber and CCD are coupled to the inside of electrospectrograph.But in laser
In plasma physics test, experimentation can excite strong electromagnetic pulse, sCMOS or CCD in the environment of strong electromagnetic pulse
There is the danger of damage.
By analyzing above, there are also some shortcomingss in the convenience that electrospectrograph is just applied at present, are based on this, we
Devise a simple and flexible, high repetition frequency can real-time detection electrospectrograph.
This electrospectrograph includes electronic collimation device, uniform magnetic field, film scintillator, plastic optical fiber wire face transition matrix
Column and the imaging system based on CCD or sCOMS.Its working principle can be expressed as follows: electronics is incident on by electronic collimation device
In uniform magnetic field.Electronics deflects in uniform magnetic field, and is incident on scintillator.Scintillator issues visible light, by plastic light
Fine collection, and be emitted from the other end of optical fiber.One end arrangement linear array of plastic scintillant is to adapt to the several of scintillator
What size, the other end are arranged into face type array to adapt to the image planes of imaging system.Optical fiber is plastic optical fiber, to high energy particle and spoke
It penetrates and is not responding to.Electronic collimation device can be with shielded magnet edge magnetic field heterogeneous.Optical fiber is with 100 microns thick aluminium film package to shield
Cover visible light.The light of face fiber array is placed in the acquisition of the imaging system under atmosphere by the glass window of vacuum chamber.Imaging system
System is placed under atmosphere can more easily shielding electromagnetic pulse.
Summary of the invention
For the defects in the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of based on film scintillator and fiber array
Real-time electronic spectrometer.
The real-time electronic spectrometer based on film scintillator and fiber array provided according to the present invention, comprising: electronic collimation
Device, medical instrument with even magnetic field, scintillator, optical fiber cable face conversion array and imaging system；The electronic collimation device, uniform magnetic
Field device and scintillator are arranged in electrospectrograph main part.
Preferably, the electrospectrograph main part has a coaxial aperture in the axial direction of electronic collimation device, this is coaxial
The diameter in hole is 3mm.
Preferably, the medical instrument with even magnetic field includes: parallel magnet and shell, and the parallel magnet includes two pieces opposite
Magnet with synonyms pole, the magnet are NdFeB binding electromagnetic material, the magnetic field generated by parallel magnet at trapezoidal profile,
And the axial direction of the magnetic direction and electronic collimation device of parallel magnet is mutually perpendicular to；Wherein the magnetic field size in field homogeneity region is
0.12Tesla；The material of the shell is mild steel.
Preferably, the making material of the electronic collimation device is A3 steel, internal orifice dimension 3mm, length 30mm.
Preferably, the scintillator is by fluorescent material Gd2O2S:Tb is made, and the scintillator is tightly attached on linear light fibre array,
The length and width of the scintillator, thick respectively 200mm, 10mm, 630 μm；And the plane where the scintillator is located at electronic collimation
The lower position of device and with the axial direction of electronic collimation device be in 45 degree of angles.
Preferably, one end of optical fiber cable face conversion array is evenly arranged linear light fibre linear array, each line light
Fine linear array is placed with 4 plastic optical fibers, a total of 120 row；The optical fiber cable face conversion array other end is evenly arranged
Face fiber facet array, every a line face fiber facet array are placed with 16 optical fiber, in total 30 row；The linear light fibre array extend into magnetic
Uniform magnetic field inside iron is simultaneously close in scintillator 10.
Preferably, the imaging system cooperates the opposite the sCMOS or CCD optical fiber of 16 high dynamic range using imaging lens
Array is imaged.
Compared with prior art, the present invention have it is following the utility model has the advantages that
1, electrospectrograph of the invention use plastic optical fiber array, to high energy particle and radiate it is insensitive, have flexibly,
The advantages that low noise.
2, electrospectrograph of the invention adopts detector using scintillator, can work under high repetition frequency.
3, the present invention in specially designed optical fiber cable face conversion array have matched well imaging detector (sCMOS or
CCD image planes), improve energy resolving power.
4, the imaging device in the present invention, which is placed on outside target chamber, can be very good shielding electromagnetic pulse.
5, the optical fiber soft pliable folding in the present invention haves no need to change imaging when changing the detection direction of electrospectrograph
System.
Detailed description of the invention
Upon reading the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other feature of the invention,
Objects and advantages will become more apparent upon:
Fig. 1 is electrospectrograph integral layout figure；
Fig. 2 is electrospectrograph main part diagrammatic cross-section；
Fig. 3 (a), Fig. 3 (b) are deflected trajectory of the electronics of the different angles of divergence in magnetic field；
Fig. 4 is linear light linear array schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is face light array schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is optical fiber cable face conversion array structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is the measurement range and energy resolution of electrospectrograph；
Fig. 8 is opposite optical fiber cable face transfer efficiency；
Fig. 9 is face light array image；
Figure 10 is electronic energy spectrum；
In figure:
The target of 1- generation electron beam；
2- electrospectrograph main part；
3- optical fiber；
The face 4- fiber array；
5- reflecting mirror；
6- imaging lens；
7-sCMOS camera；
8- medical instrument with even magnetic field；
9- electronic collimation device；
10- scintillator；
11- linear light fibre array.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail combined with specific embodiments below.Following embodiment will be helpful to the technology of this field
Personnel further understand the present invention, but the invention is not limited in any way.It should be pointed out that the ordinary skill of this field
For personnel, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, several changes and improvements can also be made.These belong to the present invention
Protection scope.
The real-time electronic spectrometer based on film scintillator and fiber array provided according to the present invention, comprising: electronic collimation
Device 9, medical instrument with even magnetic field 8, scintillator 10, optical fiber cable face conversion array and imaging system.The medical instrument with even magnetic field 8,
Electronic collimation device 9 and scintillator 10 are arranged in electrospectrograph main part 2.
The electrospectrograph main part 2 has a coaxial aperture in the axial direction of electronic collimation device 9, the coaxial aperture it is straight
Diameter is 3mm.
The medical instrument with even magnetic field 8 includes: parallel magnet and shell, the parallel magnet include two pieces it is opposite have it is different
The magnet of name magnetic pole, the magnet are NdFeB binding electromagnetic material.The magnetic field generated by parallel magnet is and parallel at trapezoidal profile
The magnetic direction of magnet and the axial direction of electronic collimation device are mutually perpendicular to；Wherein the magnetic field size in field homogeneity region is
0.12Tesla.The material of shell is mild steel.
The making material of the electronic collimation device 9 is A3 steel, internal orifice dimension 3mm, length 30mm.
The scintillator 10 is by fluorescent material Gd2O2S:Tb is made, and the scintillator 10 is tightly attached on linear light fibre array, institute
State length and width, thick respectively the 200mm, 10mm, 630 μm of scintillator 10；And the plane where the scintillator 10 is located at electronics standard
The lower position of straight device 9 and be in 45 degree of angles with the axial direction of electronic collimation device 9.
One end of optical fiber cable face conversion array is evenly arranged optical fiber cable array, every a line fiber linear array column arrangement
There are 4 plastic optical fibers, a total of 120 row；The optical fiber cable face conversion array other end is evenly arranged face fiber facet array,
Every a line face fiber facet array is placed with 16 optical fiber, in total 30 row；The linear light fibre array is deep into uniform inside magnet
Field region.
The imaging system cooperates the sCMOS or CCD of 16 high dynamic range using f=6-12mm/F1.6 imaging lens
Opposite fiber array is imaged.
Optical fiber used in fiber array in the present invention is almost not responding to electronics, various high energy particles, various radiation, greatly
Ground reduces background noise.Imaging system can be placed under atmosphere, and the flexible of optical fiber is determined when electrospectrograph is mobile, no
It needs to readjust imaging system.
More detailed explanation is done to the technical solution in the present invention with attached drawing combined with specific embodiments below.
It is the same with traditional electrospectrograph based on scintillator, the present invention in electrospectrograph also include: uniform magnetic field,
Scintillator, electronic collimation device and imaging system.Difference is: the imaging system of this electrospectrograph be not directly to scintillator into
Row imaging, but attached the line face conversion array (Fig. 6) of a unjacketed optical fiber.One end of light array is that 4x120 linearly arranges
Array (Fig. 4), the other end are the face arrays (Fig. 5) of 4 column 4x30 arrangement.The face array be well matched with imaging system CCD or
The size of the response image planes of sCMOS, improves imaging resolution, to improve the energy resolution (Fig. 7) of spectrometer.Utilize this
Optical fiber cable face conversion equipment, there is a following advantage: first, many high energy particle and spoke are produced during Physical Experiment
It penetrates, the optical fiber of this spectrometer application is insensitive to these particles and radiation, does not need that additional shielding is added.Second, due to optical fiber
Flexibly, the advantages that flexible and shielding is simple, entire imaging system can be fixed on outside target chamber, when mobile or adjusting electrospectrograph
When, it does not need to re-start imaging adjusting, can simply and easily change the measurement angle of electrospectrograph.
The integral structure layout of this electrospectrograph as shown in Figure 1, the spectrometer by electrospectrograph main part 2, optical fiber 3, face
Fiber array 4, imaging lens 6 and sCMOS camera 7 form.Wherein the main part of electrospectrograph includes uniform magnetic field, flashing
Body, electronic collimation device and linear light fibre array, cross-section structure are as shown in Figure 2.Linear light fibre array is placed in uniform magnetic field,
Scintillator is tightly attached to one end of linear light fibre array.Face fiber array is placed at the window of target chamber, and imaging system is placed in target chamber
It is convenient that imaging system is adjusted and is shielded under outer atmosphere, as shown in Figure 1.Target surface produces a large amount of electronics, along Fig. 1
The electronics in dotted line direction enters electrospectrograph main part, and electronics is incident on by electronic collimation device along Fig. 2 dotted line direction
In trapezoidal magnetic field.Trapezoidal magnetic field is wrapped in shell, and the size of shell is 200mm (Fig. 2, L1 and L2), two pieces of magnet spacing
10mm, two, trapezoidal magnetic field long side are 160mm, and magnetic field size is 0.12 tesla, and magnetic field edge is region heterogeneous, magnetic field
Center is relatively uniform region, and the standard deviation of the magnetic field strength of homogeneous area is less than 5%.Electronic collimation device is with A3 steel
It forms, length 30mm, collimating aperture size is 3mm, and on the one hand it collimates the electron beam for being incident on spectrometer, another party
Face, it has the function of shielding fringe magnetic field.On axial direction (Fig. 2 dotted line) direction of electronic collimation device, shell has a hole, it
It can help to collimate and adjust electrospectrograph.Its process are as follows: the continuous wave laser of a visible light wave range be mounted on one it is adjustable
On the bracket of section, the position of the laser and posture can be adjusted by adjusting bracket.Specific adjusting method is: adjusting first
The position of whole laser and posture pass through housing bore and electronic collimation hole, the posture of spectrometer are then adjusted, so that laser
The light of outgoing passes through hole, electronic collimation device reaches target spot, and laser optical path is along Fig. 2 dotted line direction.
The scintillator of this electrospectrograph application is a kind of DRZ fluorescent screen (Gd2O2S:Tb, PI-200), length and width and thickness point
It is not 200mm, 10mm and 0.63mm.Scintillator is tightly attached to the surface of linear light linear array, from the horizontal by 45 degree of angles, such as schemes
Shown in 2.The electronics of 1-4.5MeV deflects in magnetic field, and the electronic deflection radius of different-energy is different, at low energy, electron focusing
Effect is more obvious, and at high energy, electronics cannot focus on well a bit, this is because caused by the diverging of electron beam.
If not considering the diverging of electron beam, electron-beam convergence coke is on scintillator, and which greatly enhances the energy of electrospectrograph
Resolution capability, as shown in Fig. 3 (a).But, it is contemplated that electronics has the initial angle of divergence, in addition the shielding of electronic collimation device is made
With electronics will not focus on a bit in magnetic field, shown in such as Fig. 3 (b) of track.
The length of optical fiber is 1 meter, and diameter is 0.75mm, and the spacing between two optical fiber is 1.2mm.Optical fiber is solid by optical fiber
Determine device, form linear light fibre array in one end of optical fiber, forms face fiber array in the other end.Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 is respectively linear light fibre
The effect of the schematic diagram of array and face fiber array, the conversion of optical fiber cable face is as shown in Figure 6.Compared with linear light fibre array, imaging system
The imaging resolution of opposite fiber array is far better.Which not only adds the reliabilities of data, while improving spectrometer
Energy resolution.
The energy resolution of this electrospectrograph is determined by the acceptance angle of electrospectrograph and the diameter of optical fiber.Electricity is discussed herein
When the energy resolving power of sub- spectrometer, the operating distance of electrospectrograph is fixed 17cm, i.e., acceptance angle is fixed on 2.4 ﹡ 10-4Arc
Degree.In this electrospectrograph, the spot that low-energy electron (< 1.9MeV) focuses on scintillator is less than the diameter of optical fiber, therefore, herein
The energy resolution of regional Electronic spectrometer is mainly to be limited by the diameter of optical fiber, as electron energy > 1.9MeV, electron focusing beam spot
Greater than fibre diameter, the energy resolution of spectrometer depends on the size of the electron beam spot focused, as shown in Figure 7.Every optical fiber
Line face transfer efficiency is different, this depends on the arrangement of optical fiber.Therefore it needs to demarcate the Relative transfer efficiency of optical fiber.
It is demarcated with opposing coupler efficiency of the identical light source to 480 optical fiber, as a result as shown in Figure 8.
The imaging system of the electrospectrograph is by sCMOS camera (ORCA-Flash4.0LT, shore river in Jiangsu Province which flows into the Huangpu River of Shanghai photon) and imaging lens
Composition.The electrospectrograph has obtained good test and calibration in the specific application process.It interacts in laser and solid target
Experiment in, as shown in Figure 1, the electronics of target surface direction outgoing enters spectrometer field region, electronics carries out inclined in field region
Turn, is incident on the different position of scintillator, as shown in Figure 2,3.The light that the scintillator of different location issues passes through different optical fiber
Channel forms a face fiber array by optical fiber cable face conversion array.The light of face fiber array outgoing is collected by silver mirror
Afterwards, it enters in imaging system.
The imaging of face light array is as shown in Figure 9.Optical fiber is divided into four column, and from left to right, corresponding electron energy gradually increases
Add.4 optical fiber of every a line correspond to the same energy, and electron energy is gradually increased with the increase of line number (from top to bottom).To optical fiber
Face array is imaged, while being parsed to obtain opposing electronic power spectrum to its relative intensity, such as the point in Figure 10.Use Image
Plate (IP) carries out absolute calibration to number of electrons, and the signal of scintillator is combined to obtain absolute electron spectrum, in Figure 10
Line.In this way, a complete electron spectrum just characterizes.
Specific embodiments of the present invention are described above.It is to be appreciated that the invention is not limited to above-mentioned
Particular implementation, those skilled in the art can make a variety of changes or modify within the scope of the claims, this not shadow
Ring substantive content of the invention.In the absence of conflict, the feature in embodiments herein and embodiment can any phase
Mutually combination.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of real-time electronic spectrometer based on film scintillator and fiber array characterized by comprising electronic collimation device
(9), medical instrument with even magnetic field (8), scintillator (10), optical fiber cable face conversion array and imaging system；The medical instrument with even magnetic field
(8), electronic collimation device (9) and scintillator (10) setting are in electrospectrograph main part (2)；
The medical instrument with even magnetic field (8) includes: parallel magnet and shell, and the parallel magnet, which includes two pieces, opposite has different name
The magnet of magnetic pole, the magnet are NdFeB binding electromagnetic material, and the magnetic field generated by parallel magnet is at trapezoidal profile, and parallel magnetic
The magnetic direction of iron and the axial direction of electronic collimation device (9) are mutually perpendicular to；Wherein the magnetic field size in field homogeneity region is
0.12Tesla；The material of the shell is mild steel.
2. the real-time electronic spectrometer according to claim 1 based on film scintillator and fiber array, which is characterized in that institute
State electrospectrograph main part (2) has a coaxial aperture in the axial direction of electronic collimation device (9), and the diameter of the coaxial aperture is
3mm。
3. the real-time electronic spectrometer according to claim 1 based on film scintillator and fiber array, which is characterized in that institute
The making material for stating electronic collimation device (9) is A3 steel, internal orifice dimension 3mm, length 30mm.
4. the real-time electronic spectrometer according to claim 1 based on film scintillator and fiber array, which is characterized in that institute
It states scintillator (10) to be tightly attached on linear light fibre array, and the plane where the scintillator (10) is located at electronic collimation device (9)
Lower position and with the axial direction of electronic collimation device (9) be in 45 degree of angles.
5. the real-time electronic spectrometer according to claim 1 based on film scintillator and fiber array, which is characterized in that institute
The one end for stating optical fiber cable face conversion array is evenly arranged linear light fibre linear array (11)；Optical fiber cable face conversion array is another
End is evenly arranged face fiber facet array (4)；The linear light fibre array (11) extend into the uniform magnetic field inside magnet
And it is close in scintillator (10).
6. the real-time electronic spectrometer according to claim 1 based on film scintillator and fiber array, which is characterized in that institute
Stating imaging system includes that imaging lens cooperate the opposite the sCMOS or CCD fiber array (4) of 16 high dynamic range to be imaged.
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| CN110057293A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-07-26 | 大理大学 | Electronics drop point site detection device |
| CN111487668A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-04 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | Coaxial measuring system of many radiation sources of superstrong laser drive |
| CN114137598B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2022-06-07 | 北京大学 | Positive and negative electron magnetic spectrometer |
| CN116990855B (en) * | 2023-09-28 | 2024-05-14 | 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 | On-line electronic magnetic spectrometer |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63238586A (en) * | 1987-03-27 | 1988-10-04 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Beam profile measuring instrument |
| CN202102118U (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-01-04 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Large-area portable Beta surface contamination monitor |
| CN205404819U (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-07-27 | 北京佳诺贝科技有限责任公司 | Electron magnetic spectrograph |
| CN205594173U (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-09-21 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | A electron magnetic spectrograph for measuring super -heated electronic energy spectrum |
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| US20150168564A1 (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2015-06-18 | Standard Imaging, Inc. | Scintillating Fiber Dosimeter for Magnetic Resonance Imaging Enviroment |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS63238586A (en) * | 1987-03-27 | 1988-10-04 | Sumitomo Heavy Ind Ltd | Beam profile measuring instrument |
| CN202102118U (en) * | 2011-06-09 | 2012-01-04 | 中国原子能科学研究院 | Large-area portable Beta surface contamination monitor |
| CN205404819U (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2016-07-27 | 北京佳诺贝科技有限责任公司 | Electron magnetic spectrograph |
| CN205594173U (en) * | 2016-04-14 | 2016-09-21 | 中国工程物理研究院流体物理研究所 | A electron magnetic spectrograph for measuring super -heated electronic energy spectrum |
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