CN107121105B - Detection apparatus for axle length and hole size in axle check out test set - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a device for detecting the length of a middle shaft and the size of an inner hole of shaft detection equipment, and belongs to the technical field of measurement. The detection device solves the technical problem that the existing shaft is not detected by corresponding automatic equipment and the like. Axle check out test set includes workstation and measuring table, this detection device is including detecting the air pump, airtight measuring apparatu and setting are three on the measuring table and detect the base, the axle core of three detection base can rotate through rotating-structure is synchronous, be equipped with station transfer device on the workstation, be fixed with distance sensor and lower distance sensor on the workstation, it can remove to supreme distance sensor and down between the distance sensor to detect the base, still be equipped with the crane that is fixed with two pneumatic gauge heads on the workstation, it can remove to two pneumatic gauge heads directly over to detect the base, it passes through the trachea with airtight measuring apparatu and is connected to detect the air pump, airtight measuring apparatu passes through the trachea and is connected with pneumatic gauge head. The invention has the advantage of accurately measuring the length of the shaft and the inner hole of the shaft.

Description

Detection apparatus for axle length and hole size in axle check out test set

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of measurement, and relates to a device for detecting the length of a middle shaft and the size of an inner hole of shaft detection equipment.

Background

In the field of high-precision equipment, the size requirement of parts in the equipment is high, so that the parts are detected after being manufactured so as to remove defective products with sizes which do not meet the requirement. The shaft is provided with two sections with different diameters, a step is formed between the two sections with different diameters, an inner hole is formed in the end of one section with a smaller diameter of the shaft, and the lengths of the two sections of the shaft and the diameter of the inner hole need to be detected before assembly. At present, no special equipment is used for automatically detecting the shaft with the structure, the detection aiming at the shaft is mainly carried out manually by adopting a special instrument detection mode, the method is low in efficiency, and errors are easy to occur in manual detection.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a device for detecting the length of a middle shaft and the size of an inner hole of shaft detection equipment aiming at the problems in the prior art.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:

the shaft detection equipment comprises a workbench and a measuring table arranged on the workbench, and is characterized in that the shaft length and inner hole size detection device comprises a detection air pump, an air-tight measuring instrument, an upper distance sensor, a lower distance sensor and three detection bases arranged on the measuring table, the three detection bases are sequentially arranged, a shaft core used for positioning a shaft is arranged in each detection base, the shaft cores of the three detection bases can synchronously rotate through a rotating structure, a station transfer device capable of moving the shaft from one detection base to the other detection base is arranged on the workbench, the upper distance sensor and the lower distance sensor are fixed on the workbench and vertically aligned, one detection base can move to a position between the upper distance sensor and the lower distance sensor, a lifting frame is further arranged on the workbench, two pneumatic measuring heads vertically arranged upwards are fixed on the lifting frame, the other two detection bases can move to positions right above the two pneumatic measuring heads, the two pneumatic measuring heads can respectively directly face the shaft cores in the two detection bases, the detection air pump and the air-tight measuring instrument are connected with the air-tight measuring instrument through air pipes, and the two pneumatic measuring heads are respectively in pneumatic connection with the air-tight measuring instrument through air pipes.

The upper distance sensor and the lower distance sensor are respectively contacted with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the shaft, and the positions among the upper distance sensor, the lower distance sensor and the shaft core are determined, so that the length of a section with a larger shaft diameter can be detected by the upper distance sensor, and the length of a section with a smaller shaft diameter can be detected by the lower distance sensor; during detection, the rotating structure drives the shaft core to rotate, so that the shaft can rotate along with the rotation, the upper distance sensor can be respectively contacted with different positions of the upper end surface of the shaft, the lower distance sensor can be respectively contacted with different positions of the lower end surface of the shaft, and the lengths of a section with a larger diameter and a section with a smaller diameter of the shaft can be accurately obtained through measurement of a plurality of positions; the pneumatic side head is lifted by the lifting frame and penetrates into the inner hole of the shaft, meanwhile, the inflation of the air pump is detected, and the airflow enters the inner hole through the pneumatic measuring head after passing through the air tightness measuring instrument; because the pneumatic gauge head does not necessarily lie in the axis of axle when penetrating the hole of axle, consequently through the axis of rotation make the inner wall of axle hole and the dynamic change between the pneumatic side head when detecting, airtight measuring apparatu can detect the pressure variation of flowing out gas from pneumatic gauge head, and with data transmission and prestore the value with the comparison on the computer, if the data is in the scope of prestoring value then the hole size of axle satisfies the requirement, if the data is outside the scope of prestoring value then the hole size of axle is unqualified, detect many times through the hole of two sets of detection bases countershaft, guarantee the precision of detecting.

In the detection device of foretell axle check out test set axis length and hole size, revolution mechanic includes driving motor and belt, detect the base and include the upper bearing and the lower bearing of rotating the connection in the bearing frame with the fixed bearing frame of measuring table, the axle core is pegged graft and is fixed a position the inner circle at the upper bearing, it has the pulley axle to peg graft in the inner circle of lower bearing, it steps down clearance one to have between axle core and the pulley axle, the pulley axle is fixed a position and the pulley axle can be relative axle core along axial displacement with the axle core in circumference with the axle core, bearing frame and fixedly connected with driven pulley are worn out to the lower extreme of pulley axle, driven pulley has step down clearance two with the lower terminal surface of bearing frame, driving motor fixes on the measuring table, be fixed with the driving pulley in driving motor's the pivot, connect through the belt of tensioning between driving pulley and the three driven pulley.

The lower end of the shaft penetrates through the shaft core and the step surface of the shaft is abutted against the shaft core for positioning during detection, the shaft core and the belt pulley shaft are rotatably connected into the bearing seat through the upper bearing and the lower bearing respectively, the shaft core and the belt pulley shaft are mutually independent of a connecting structure between the shaft core and the bearing seat, the shaft core and the belt pulley shaft are only positioned in the circumferential direction, the belt can float up and down when driving the driven pulley to rotate, the driven pulley can drive the belt pulley shaft to float up and down, the shifting gap I enables a space which floats up and down to be formed between the belt pulley shaft and the shaft core, the shifting gap II enables a space which floats up and down to be formed between the driven pulley and the bearing seat, and the shaft core is not connected with the belt pulley shaft in the axial direction, so that the vertical floating of the driven pulley and the belt pulley shaft cannot cause the vibration or the movement of the shaft core or the bearing seat, the shaft to be detected positioned on the shaft core cannot be influenced, and the precision and the accuracy of shaft detection can be ensured; three driven pulley is driven through a belt and is rotated, can realize that three detects base synchronous detection, guarantees the axle length of axle and the accuracy of the detection of hole size, and compact structure and detection efficiency are higher.

In the device for detecting the length of the shaft and the size of the inner hole in the shaft detection equipment, the driven pulley is provided with an annular guide convex ring which protrudes upwards, and the guide convex ring penetrates into the bearing block. When the driven pulley appears the condition of floating from top to bottom, can guarantee through the direction bulge loop that driven pulley only can float from top to bottom, consequently the pulley shaft also only can float from top to bottom, and the fluctuation of pulley shaft can not lead to the removal of axle core for the axle of pegging graft on the axle core can not receive the influence, avoids causing the interference to the measurement.

In the device for detecting the length of the middle shaft and the size of the inner hole of the shaft detection equipment, the lower end face of the shaft core is provided with at least two insertion holes, the upper end face of the belt pulley shaft is provided with the raised insertion rods which correspond to the insertion holes one by one, the abdicating gap is formed between the lower end face of the shaft core and the upper end face of the belt pulley shaft, and the insertion rods can be inserted into the corresponding insertion holes and can move axially relative to the insertion holes. The shaft core and the belt pulley shaft synchronously rotate through the matching of the insertion rod and the insertion hole; the plug rod can move along the axial direction in the jack, and the axle core can not be influenced when the belt pulley shaft floats up and down, so that the axle inserted on the axle core can not be influenced, the detection of the axle can not be interfered, and the detection precision and accuracy can be guaranteed.

In the device for detecting the length of the shaft and the size of the inner hole in the shaft detection equipment, the bearing block comprises an upper bearing block and a lower bearing block, the upper bearing block is fixed with the measuring table through bolts, the lower bearing block is fixed on the lower bottom surface of the lower bearing block, an upper abutting convex edge is arranged at the position, close to the lower end, of the inner hole of the upper bearing block, an outer ring of the upper bearing abuts against the upper abutting convex edge, a lower abutting convex edge is arranged at the position, close to the lower end, of the inner hole of the lower bearing block, and an outer ring of the lower bearing abuts against the lower abutting convex edge. The installation of convenient upper bearing and lower bearing through this structure, upper bearing passes through the bolster bearing housing and supports alone simultaneously, and the lower bearing passes through the lower bearing housing and supports alone, consequently the removal of lower bearing can not influence the upper bearing when driven pulley appears fluctuating, guarantees the axle core rotational stability to guarantee the accuracy that the axle detected.

In the detection device for the axial length and the inner hole size of the shaft detection equipment, an end cover is fixed on the upper end face of the bearing seat, a yielding hole is formed in the middle of the end cover, a reference panel is fixed on the upper end face of the shaft core, a reference convex surface is arranged on the upper plate surface of the reference panel, a reference convex ring is arranged on the lower plate surface of the reference panel, the reference convex ring penetrates through the yielding hole to be attached and fixed to the upper end face of the shaft core, and the lower plate surface of the reference panel is attached to the end cover. Through the fixed position of above-mentioned structure assurance reference panel and axle core for the fixed position of reference panel is accurate, thereby makes the step face of axle can support with the laminating of benchmark convex surface and lean on when the axle pierces the axle core, makes the locating position of axle accurate, thereby can guarantee to detect the accuracy.

In the detection device for the axial length and the inner hole size of the shaft detection equipment, the station transfer device comprises a slide rail, a mounting bracket, a lifting cylinder, a translation cylinder and a clamping jaw, the slide rail is fixed on a workbench and is connected to the slide rail in a sliding manner, the mounting bracket is fixed on the workbench, the lifting cylinder is vertically and downwardly fixed on the mounting bracket, the translation cylinder is fixed on a telescopic rod of the lifting cylinder, the telescopic rod of the translation cylinder is perpendicular to the slide rail, the clamping jaw corresponds to a detection base one by one, a mounting plate is fixed on the telescopic rod of the translation cylinder, and the clamping jaw is fixed on the mounting plate side by side and is located above the detection base.

In the shaft detection process, the clamping jaw can move up and down through the lifting cylinder to enable the shaft to move out of the shaft core, the measuring table slides along the sliding rail to enable the shaft to move from the position right above one detection base to the position right above the other detection base, and the clamping jaw can retreat through the translation cylinder to avoid the interference of the clamping jaw and the shaft during detection; when station removed each time when detecting in succession, the clamping jaw homoenergetic detected the base with the axle from the front to the detection base of back, realized the automatic transfer of axle station, improved the detection efficiency of axle.

In the detection device of foretell axle check out test set axis length and hole size, be equipped with the lift slide between lift cylinder and the translation cylinder, the vertical lift sand grip of arranging has on the cylinder body outer wall of lift cylinder, it has the lift spout to open on the lift slide, the laminating of the cylinder body outer wall of lift slide and lift cylinder, the lift sand grip card is gone into in the lift spout and can the relative slide of lift spout, the lower extreme at the lift slide is fixed to the translation cylinder, it is one to have perpendicular bellied connecting block portion on the lift slide, the telescopic link and the connecting block portion of lift cylinder are fixed. The lifting air cylinder drives the lifting slide to move up and down, so that the translation air cylinder moves up and down to move the clamping jaw up and down; the lifting convex strip of freedom leads the lifting slide seat on the lifting cylinder, so that the lifting slide seat slides up and down stably, the clamping jaw is guaranteed to reciprocate stably, and the clamping jaw can be guaranteed to transfer the shaft station accurately.

In the detection device of foretell axle check out test set axis length and hole size, be equipped with the translation sliding seat between translation cylinder and the mounting panel, the telescopic link and the translation sliding seat of translation cylinder are connected, it has the translation spout to open on the mounting panel, the translation sand grip has on the cylinder body bottom surface of translation cylinder, translation sand grip card is gone into in the translation spout and can the relative translation spout slide, the cylinder body side of translation cylinder is fixed with the stopper, the stopper is opened towards one side of translation sliding seat has the location to lead to the groove, the side card of translation sliding seat is gone into the location and is led to the groove, the below at the translation sliding seat is fixed to the mounting panel. Lead to the groove and the translation sand grip of location through the stopper presss from both sides one side of translation sliding seat in the centre for the translation sliding seat is fixed a position with the translation cylinder in the vertical direction, and the translation sand grip can also play the guide effect when the translation sliding seat slides, makes the translation sliding seat slide stably.

In the device for detecting the length of the middle shaft and the size of the inner hole of the shaft detection equipment, the upper edge and the lower edge of the side surface of the translational sliding seat are both provided with the positioning chamfers, and the groove walls on the two sides of the positioning through groove are both positioning inclined surfaces capable of being attached to the positioning chamfers. The positioning inclined plane located below and the positioning chamfer located below are abutted to support the translation sliding seat, and the cooperation of the positioning chamfer and the positioning inclined plane can ensure that the translation sliding seat slides more stably.

Compared with the prior art, the device for detecting the shaft length and the inner hole size of the shaft detection equipment has the advantage of accurately measuring the shaft length and the inner hole size.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present detection apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the detecting device with the housing removed.

FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the detecting apparatus with the outer casing and the automatic discharging device removed.

Fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of the automatic feeding device.

Fig. 5 is a schematic sectional structure view of the automatic charging device.

Fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the station transfer device, the length detection device, the inner hole detection device and the rotating structure during assembly.

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of the station transfer device.

Fig. 8 is a rear view and a partial enlarged view of the translating cylinder and translating slide block when assembled.

Fig. 9 is a schematic perspective view of the translational air cylinder assembled with the translational sliding seat.

FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the detection base.

In the figure, 1, a workbench; 11. a measuring table; 111. a slide rail; 112. a transverse moving pushing cylinder; 113. through the hole; 12. a feed reversing sleeve; 121. a discharge reversing sleeve; 2. mounting a bracket; 21. a lifting cylinder; 211. lifting convex strips; 212. a lifting slide seat; 213. a first connecting block part; 214. installing a flat plate; 215. a reinforcing plate; 22. a translation cylinder; 221. translating the convex strips; 222. a clamping piece; 223. a limiting block; 224. positioning a through groove; 225. positioning the inclined plane; 226. a translational sliding seat; 227. a translation chute; 228. positioning a chamfer; 229. a second connecting block part; 229a, a bayonet; 23. mounting a plate; 24. a clamping jaw; 241. a finger cylinder; 242. a chuck; 243. a groove is embedded; 3. an upper distance sensor; 31. a lower distance sensor; 4. an air tightness measuring instrument; 41. a lifting frame; 411. detecting a lifting cylinder; 412. detecting a lifting slide seat; 413. a measuring head mounting plate; 414. a fixed seat; 42. a pneumatic measuring head; 43. positioning the air cylinder; 44. positioning the head; 5. detecting a base; 51. a shaft core; 511. an upper through hole; 512. a first convex ring; 52. a bearing seat; 521. an upper bearing seat; 522. the upper part is abutted against the convex edge; 523. a lower bearing seat; 524. the lower part is abutted against the convex edge; 53. an upper bearing; 54. a lower bearing; 55. a pulley shaft; 551. a convex ring II; 552. a plug rod; 553. a yielding gap I; 554. a driven pulley; 555. a yielding through hole; 556. positioning the convex edge; 557. a guide convex ring; 558. a second abdicating gap; 559. a lower through hole; 56. an end cap; 57. a reference panel; 571. a reference convex surface; 572. a reference convex ring; 58. rotating the fixed bracket; 59. a drive motor; 591. a drive pulley; 592. a belt; 6. a hopper; 6a, a feed opening; 61. a side plate; 611. a tailgate; 612. a sloping plate; 613. a protection plate; 62. a push-pull plate; 621. a feeding through groove; 622. guiding chamfering; 63. a material pushing bracket; 632. a first slide rail; 64. a blanking slide block; 641. fixing the sheet metal part; 642. a fixed part; 65. a material ejection block; 66. a second slide rail; 67. a feeding pushing cylinder; 7. a magazine; 71. a discharging support; 72. a discharge guide rail; 73. a slide base; 74. a discharging lifting cylinder; 75. and (4) clamping arms.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the detection apparatus for the length of the shaft and the size of the inner hole includes a housing, a workbench 1 fixed in the housing and a measuring table 11 disposed on the workbench 1, three detection bases 5 disposed side by side are disposed on the measuring table 11, a shaft core 51 for positioning the shaft is rotatably connected in the detection bases 5, the shaft core 51 is vertically disposed, the shaft core 51 of the three detection bases 5 can rotate synchronously through a rotating structure, a feeding reversing sleeve 12 and a discharging reversing sleeve 121 are rotatably disposed at two ends of the three detection bases 5 on the measuring table 11 respectively, the feeding reversing sleeve 12 and the discharging reversing sleeve 121 can rotate to a horizontal state or a vertical state, a station transfer device capable of transferring the shaft from the feeding reversing sleeve 12 in the vertical state to the discharging reversing sleeve 121 in the vertical state sequentially through the three detection bases 5 is disposed on the workbench 1, a hopper 6 for storing the discharging shaft is fixed on one side of the workbench 1 close to the feeding reversing sleeve 12, a hopper 7 capable of automatically and sequentially inserting the shaft in the discharging reversing sleeve 121 is disposed on one side of the workbench 1 close to the discharging sleeve 121 in the horizontal state.

The device for detecting the shaft length and the inner hole size comprises a length detection device and an inner hole detection device, wherein the length detection device corresponds to one of the detection bases 5 and can detect the shaft length positioned on the detection base 5, and the inner hole detection device corresponds to the other two detection bases 5 and can detect the inner hole size of the upper shaft positioned on the two detection bases 5.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 to 3 and 6, the length detection device includes an upper distance sensor 3 and a lower distance sensor 31, the lower distance sensor 31 is fixed to the measurement table 11, and a shaft core 51 corresponding to the detection base 5 is positioned directly above the lower distance sensor 31, and the upper distance sensor 3 is fixed to the table 1, and is movable to a position directly below the upper distance sensor 3, corresponding to the shaft core 51 of the detection base 5. The upper distance sensor 3 and the lower distance sensor 31 are respectively contacted with the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the shaft, and the positions among the upper distance sensor 3, the lower distance sensor 31 and the shaft core 51 are determined, so that the length of a section with a larger shaft diameter can be detected by the upper distance sensor 3, and the length of a section with a smaller shaft diameter can be detected by the lower distance sensor 31; during detection, the rotating structure drives the shaft core 51 to rotate, so that the shaft can also rotate, the upper distance sensor 3 can be respectively contacted with different positions of the upper end surface of the shaft, the lower distance sensor 31 can be respectively contacted with different positions of the lower end surface of the shaft, and the lengths of a section with a larger shaft diameter and a section with a smaller shaft diameter can be accurately obtained through measurement of a plurality of positions; preferably, the upper distance sensor 3 and the lower distance sensor 31 in the present application are sensors of type GT2-a50, which are existing products.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3 and 6, the inner hole detection device includes a detection air pump and an air-tightness measuring instrument 4, a lifting frame 41 is provided on the workbench 1, two pneumatic measuring heads 42 vertically and upwardly disposed are fixed on the lifting frame 41, and the lifting frame 41 can drive the two pneumatic measuring heads 42 to move up and down, the two pneumatic measuring heads 42 can be respectively located under two shaft cores 51 corresponding to the two detection bases 5, the detection air pump is connected with the air-tightness measuring instrument 4 through an air pipe, and the air-tightness measuring instrument 4 is respectively connected with the two pneumatic measuring heads 42 through an air pipe. The pneumatic side head is lifted by the lifting frame 41 and penetrates into the inner hole of the shaft, meanwhile, the air pump is detected to be inflated, and airflow enters the inner hole through the pneumatic measuring head 42 after passing through the air tightness measuring instrument 4; because the pneumatic gauge head 42 does not necessarily lie in the axis of axle when penetrating the hole of axle, consequently through the axis of rotation when detecting between the inner wall that makes the axle hole and the pneumatic side head dynamic change, airtight measuring apparatu 4 can detect the pressure change of following the pneumatic gauge head 42 outflow gas to compare with the value of prestoring on sending data to the computer, if the data is in the scope of prestoring the value then the hole size of axle satisfies the requirement, if the data is outside the scope of prestoring the value then the hole size of axle is unqualified, carry out twice detection through the hole of two sets of detection bases 5 axles, guarantee the precision of detecting.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, 6 and 7, the station transfer device includes an installation support 2, a lifting cylinder 21, a translation cylinder 22, a clamping jaw 24, and two parallel slide rails 111 fixed in the middle of a workbench 1, the two slide rails 111 are arranged in parallel at intervals, a measuring table 11 is slidably connected to the slide rails 111, a transverse moving pushing cylinder 112 is fixed on the workbench 1, an expansion rod of the transverse moving pushing cylinder 112 is parallel to the slide rails 111, an expansion rod of the transverse moving pushing cylinder 112 is fixed to the measuring table 11, the measuring table 11 is pushed by the transverse moving pushing cylinder 112 to slide back and forth along the slide rails 111, the installation support 2 is fixed on the workbench 1, the lifting cylinder 21 is vertically fixed on the installation support 2, the translation cylinder 22 is fixed on an expansion rod of the lifting cylinder 21, the expansion rod of the translation cylinder 22 is perpendicular to the slide rails 111, the clamping jaws 24 are in one-to-one correspondence with the detection bases 5, an installation plate 23 is fixed on the expansion rod of the translation cylinder 22, and the clamping jaw 24 is fixed side by side on the installation plate 23 and located above the detection base 5.

A lifting slide base 212 is arranged between the lifting cylinder 21 and the translation cylinder 22, a lifting convex strip 211 which is vertically arranged is arranged on the outer wall of a cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 21, a lifting sliding groove is formed in the lifting slide base 212, the lifting slide base 212 is attached to the outer wall of the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder 21, the lifting convex strip 211 is clamped into the lifting sliding groove and can slide relative to the lifting sliding groove, the translation cylinder 22 is fixed at the lower end of the lifting slide base 212, a first vertically convex connecting block part 213 is arranged on the lifting slide base 212, and a telescopic rod of the lifting cylinder 21 is fixed with the first connecting block part 213. The lifting air cylinder 21 drives the lifting slide seat 212 to move up and down, so that the translation air cylinder 22 moves up and down, and the clamping jaw 24 moves up and down.

The lower end of the lifting slide base 212 is fixed with a mounting flat plate 214, an L-shaped reinforcing plate 215 is fixed on the mounting flat plate 214, one side of the reinforcing plate 215 is attached and fixed with the lifting slide base 212, the other side of the reinforcing plate 215 is attached and fixed with the mounting flat plate 214, and the translation cylinder 22 is fixed on the lower side of the mounting flat plate 214.

Be equipped with translation sliding seat 226 between translation cylinder 22 and the mounting panel 23, the telescopic link and the translation sliding seat 226 of translation cylinder 22 are connected, it has translation spout 227 to open on the mounting panel 23, translation sand grip 221 has on the cylinder body bottom surface of translation cylinder 22, translation sand grip 221 blocks into in the translation spout 227 and can slide relative translation spout 227, the cylinder body side of translation cylinder 22 is fixed with stopper 223, stopper 223 opens towards one side of translation sliding seat 226 has location logical groove 224, the side card of translation sliding seat 226 is blocked into location logical groove 224, the below at translation sliding seat 226 is fixed to mounting panel 23. The upper and lower edges of the side surface of the translational sliding seat 226 are both provided with positioning chamfers 228, and the two side groove walls of the positioning through groove 224 are both positioning inclined surfaces 225 which can be abutted against the positioning chamfers 228. One end of the translational sliding seat 226 is provided with a second connecting block portion 229 which is vertically protruded, the second connecting block portion 229 is provided with a bayonet 229a, the bayonet 229a is U-shaped, the inner wall of the bayonet 229a is protruded to form a limiting strip matched with the shape of the bayonet 229a, the end of the telescopic rod of the translational air cylinder 22 is fixed with two clamping pieces 222, and the limiting strip is clamped between the two clamping pieces 222.

The clamping jaw 24 comprises a finger cylinder 241 and two clamping heads 242, the two clamping heads 242 are respectively fixed on the cylinder arm of the finger cylinder 241, and the opposite side surfaces of the two clamping heads 242 are provided with embedded grooves 243.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the lifting frame 41 includes a detection lifting cylinder 411, a detection lifting slide seat 412 and a measuring head mounting plate 413, the detection lifting cylinder 411 is fixed on the measuring table 11, a telescopic rod of the detection lifting cylinder 411 is fixed with the detection lifting slide seat 412, a detection lifting guide strip vertically arranged is arranged on a cylinder body of the detection lifting cylinder 411, a detection lifting through groove is formed in the detection lifting slide seat 412, the detection lifting guide strip is clamped into the detection lifting through groove and can relatively detect the lifting through groove to slide, and the measuring head mounting plate 413 is fixed on the detection lifting slide seat 412. Detect lift cylinder 411 and be two pole cylinders, two telescopic links that detect lift cylinder 411 are fixed with detection lift slide 412, and two pole cylinders can make and detect lift slide 412 and reciprocate more stably. Detect to be fixed with fixing base 414 on the cylinder body of lift cylinder 411, be fixed with the sensor on the fixing base 414, the probe of sensor can support with fixing base 414 and lean on. The sensor can be triggered when the fixed base 414 is returned.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, the mounting bracket 2 is fixed with positioning cylinders 43 corresponding to the two detection bases 5 for detecting the shaft inner holes one by one, the telescopic rods of the positioning cylinders 43 are vertically arranged downwards and located right above the corresponding shaft cores 51, the telescopic rods of the positioning cylinders 43 are fixed with positioning heads 44, and the lower ends of the positioning heads 44 are provided with convex balls. The ball of the positioning head 44 is abutted against the upper end of the shaft by the positioning cylinder 43 at the time of detection, so that the shaft is fixedly abutted against the shaft core 51.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3 and fig. 6 and 10, the rotating structure includes a driving motor 59 and a belt 592, the detection base 5 includes a bearing seat 52 fixed to the measuring table 11, an upper bearing 53 and a lower bearing 54 rotatably connected in the bearing seat 52, the shaft core 51 is inserted and positioned in an inner ring of the upper bearing 53, a pulley shaft 55 is inserted and positioned in an inner ring of the lower bearing 54, a relief gap 553 is provided between the shaft core 51 and the pulley shaft 55, the pulley shaft 55 and the shaft core 51 are positioned in a circumferential direction and the pulley shaft 55 is capable of moving axially relative to the shaft core 51, a lower end of the pulley shaft 55 penetrates through the bearing seat 52 and is fixedly connected with a driven pulley 554, the driven pulley 554 has an annular guide convex ring 557 protruding upward, the guide convex ring 557 penetrates into the bearing seat 52, the driven pulley 554 has a relief gap 558 with a lower end surface of the bearing seat 52, the driving motor 59 is fixed on the measuring table 11, a rotating shaft of the driving motor 59 is fixed with a driving pulley 591, and the three driven pulleys 554 are connected by the tensioned belt 592. The shaft core 51 and the pulley shaft 55 are rotatably connected in the bearing seat 52 through an upper bearing 53 and a lower bearing 54 respectively, the connecting structures between the shaft core 51 and the pulley shaft 55 and the bearing seat 52 are mutually independent, the shaft core 51 and the pulley shaft 55 are only positioned in the circumferential direction, the belt 592 can float up and down when driving the driven pulley 554 to rotate, the driven pulley 554 can drive the pulley shaft 55 to float up and down, a space which floats up and down is formed between the pulley shaft 55 and the shaft core 51 due to the clearance one 553, a space which floats up and down is formed between the driven pulley 554 and the bearing seat 52 due to the clearance two 558, and the shaft core 51 is not connected with the pulley shaft 55 in the axial direction, so that the up and down floating of the driven pulley 592 and the pulley shaft 55 cannot cause the vibration or the movement of the shaft core 51 or the bearing seat 52, and a shaft to be detected positioned on the shaft core 51 cannot be influenced, and the precision and the accuracy of shaft detection can be ensured; the belt 592 drives the driven pulleys 554 to rotate, synchronous detection of the detection bases 5 can be achieved, the structure is compact, and detection efficiency is high.

As shown in fig. 10, at least two insertion holes are formed in the lower end surface of the shaft core 51, the upper end surface of the pulley shaft 55 is provided with protruding insertion rods 552 corresponding to the insertion holes one by one, an abdicating gap 553 is formed between the lower end surface of the shaft core 51 and the upper end surface of the pulley shaft 55, the insertion rods 552 can be inserted into the corresponding insertion holes, and the insertion rods 552 can move axially relative to the insertion holes. The shaft core 51 and the pulley shaft 55 rotate synchronously through the matching of the plug rod 552 and the plug hole. The lower end peripheral surface of the shaft core 51 is provided with a convex first convex ring 512, the insertion hole is arranged on the lower end surface of the convex first convex ring 512, the upper end peripheral surface of the belt pulley shaft 55 is provided with a convex second convex ring 551, and the insertion rod 552 is arranged on the upper end surface of the convex second convex ring 551.

The bearing seat 52 comprises an upper bearing seat 521 and a lower bearing seat 523, the upper bearing seat 521 is fixed with the measuring table 11 through bolts, the lower bearing seat 523 is fixed on the lower bottom surface of the lower bearing seat 523, an upper abutting convex edge 522 is arranged at the position, close to the lower end, of an inner hole of the upper bearing seat 521, the outer ring of the upper bearing 53 abuts against the upper abutting convex edge 522, a lower abutting convex edge 524 is arranged at the position, close to the lower end, of the inner hole of the lower bearing seat 523, and an outer ring of the lower bearing 54 abuts against the lower abutting convex edge 524.

The shaft core 51 is provided with an upper through hole 511, the pulley shaft 55 is provided with a lower through hole 559, the diameter of the lower through hole 559 is larger than that of the upper through hole 511, the upper through hole 511 of the shaft core 51 is communicated with the lower through hole 559 of the pulley shaft 55, and the middle part of the driven pulley 554 is provided with a position-avoiding through hole 555 communicated with the lower through hole 559.

The lower end of the abdicating through hole 555 of the driven pulley 554 is provided with a positioning convex edge 556, the pulley shaft 55 is inserted into the abdicating through hole 555 and is abutted against the positioning convex edge 556, and the pulley shaft 55 is fixed with the positioning convex edge 556 through a bolt.

An end cover 56 is fixed on the upper end face of the bearing seat 52, an abdicating hole is formed in the middle of the end cover 56, a reference panel 57 is fixed on the upper end face of the shaft core 51, a reference convex surface 571 is formed on the upper plate surface of the reference panel 57, a reference convex ring 572 is formed on the lower plate surface of the reference panel 57, the reference convex ring 572 passes through the abdicating hole to be attached and fixed to the upper end face of the shaft core 51, and the lower plate surface of the reference panel 57 is attached to the end cover 56. The inspection base 5 has three, and the driven pulleys 554 have three and are arranged side by side, and the belt 592 abuts with the outside of the driven pulleys 554 located on both sides away from the measurement table 11 and with the inside of the driven pulley 554 located in the middle near the measurement table 11.

The rotation fixing bracket 58 is fixed on the measuring table 11, the driving motor 59 is fixed on the rotation fixing bracket 58, a strip-shaped through hole 113 is formed on the measuring table 11, and the belt 592 passes through the through hole 113.

As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the automatic feeding device includes a push-pull plate 62, a hopper 6 is provided with a downward elongated discharge opening 6a, the push-pull plate 62 is located between the workbench 1 and the hopper 6, and the push-pull plate 62 can move back and forth along the front-rear direction, a feeding through groove 621 capable of accommodating only one shaft is formed in the middle of the push-pull plate 62, an upper notch of the feeding through groove 621 can be aligned with the discharge opening 6a, a pushing support 63 is further fixed on the workbench 1, the pushing support 63 is located at the rear portion of the hopper 6, a pushing block 65 capable of sliding and sliding from one end of the feeding through groove 621 to the other end is arranged on the pushing support 63, and the other end of the feeding through groove 621 can be aligned with the feeding reversing sleeve 12 in a horizontal state. The shaft to be detected is placed in the hopper 6, the push-pull plate 62 is pushed to move forwards until the feeding through groove 621 in the push-pull plate 62 is aligned with the discharging opening 6a, at the moment, the shaft in the hopper 6 at the discharging opening 6a falls into the feeding through groove 621, the push-pull plate 62 is retracted, the push-pull plate 62 moves backwards to draw out the shaft in the feeding through groove 621, at the moment, the upper plate surface of the push-pull plate 62 is aligned with the discharging opening 6a, the shaft is prevented from falling out of the hopper 6, when the push-pull plate 62 moves to enable the ejector block 65 to be aligned with the feeding through groove 621, the movement is stopped, at the moment, the feeding through groove 621 is aligned with the feeding reversing sleeve 12, the ejector block 65 slides and pushes the shaft in the feeding through groove 621 to move towards the feeding reversing sleeve 12 until the shaft is inserted into the feeding reversing sleeve 12, and the automatic feeding of the shaft is achieved in a reciprocating manner; the push-pull plate 62 with the feeding through groove 621 moves back and forth to ensure that only one shaft is drawn out at each time, and the shaft is pushed to the feeding reversing sleeve 12 through the material pushing block 65, so that the structure is simple, and continuous feeding of the shaft can be ensured.

The material pushing support 63 comprises a portal frame and a first sliding rail 632 fixed on the portal frame, the first sliding rail 632 is parallel to the feeding through groove 621, the first sliding rail 632 is connected with a blanking sliding block 64 in a sliding mode, a driving source capable of pushing the blanking sliding block 64 to slide back and forth is arranged on the portal frame, and the material pushing block 65 is fixed with the blanking sliding block 64. The driving source can be a motor or an air cylinder, the first sliding rail 632 slides back and forth to drive the ejector block 65 to move back and forth, when the push-pull plate 62 moves back, the feeding through groove 621 is internally provided with a shaft, the ejector block 65 is located at one end of the feeding through groove 621, the ejector block 65 moves towards the other end of the feeding through groove 621, in the process, the ejector block 65 can abut against one end of the shaft and push the shaft to move, and finally the shaft is pushed into the feeding reversing sleeve 12.

The blanking sliding block 64 is fixed with a fixed sheet metal part 641, the lower end of the fixed sheet metal part 641 is provided with a fixed part 642, the ejector block 65 is cylindrical, one end of the ejector block 65 is provided with a positioning step, the fixed part 642 is embedded into the positioning step of the ejector block 65 and fixed with the ejector block 65 through a bolt, and the other end of the ejector block 65 is an ejector end face. The ejector block 65 is made of brass or plastic. The hardness of brass and plastic is low, so that damage to the shaft during material ejection is avoided; brass is not easy to wear and has long service life, which is the preferred scheme.

The hopper 6 comprises two side plates 61 arranged in parallel, a rear baffle 611 and an inclined plate 612 which are fixed between the two side plates 61, the lower ends of the two side plates 61 are fixed with the workbench 1, the rear baffle 611 is arranged vertically, a gap is arranged between the lower end of the rear baffle 611 and the workbench 1, the inclined plate 612 inclines along the vertical direction, a gap is arranged between the lower end of the inclined plate 612 and the workbench 1, and the lower end of the inclined plate 612 and the lower end of the rear baffle 611 form the feed opening 6a. The inner side surfaces of the two side plates 61 are fixed with protection plates 613, and the protection plates 613 are made of plastics.

The width of the feeding opening 6a is at least twice as large as that of the feeding through groove 621. The dead condition of card between feed opening 6a between axle and the axle has been avoided, has guaranteed that a axle must get into the logical inslot of material loading 621 when feed opening 6a and the logical groove 621 of material loading align. The distance between the upper end surface of the push-pull plate 62 and the baffle plate and the inclined plate 612 is smaller than the width of the feeding through groove 621. The shaft can be prevented from entering the space between the push-pull plate 62 and the baffle and sloping plate 612 when the push-pull plate 62 moves back and forth, ensuring that only one shaft can be pulled out of the push-pull plate 62 each time. The upper edges of the push-pull plate 62 at both sides of the loading through slot 621 are provided with guide chamfers 622. Two sliding rails II 66 are fixed on the workbench 1 along the front-back direction, the push-pull plate 62 is connected to the sliding rails II 66 in a sliding mode, and a feeding pushing cylinder 67 capable of pushing the push-pull plate 62 to move back and forth is fixed on the workbench 1.

As shown in fig. 2, the automatic discharging device includes a clamping arm 75 fixed on the workbench 1, a discharging support 71 is fixed on the workbench 1, a discharging guide rail 72 horizontally arranged is fixed on the discharging support 71, the magazine 7 is located under the discharging guide rail 72, and both ends of the discharging guide rail 72 are located outside the magazine 7, a sliding seat 73 is slidably connected on the discharging guide rail 72, a discharging lifting cylinder 74 is vertically fixed on the sliding seat 73, a telescopic rod of the discharging lifting cylinder 74 is arranged downward, and the clamping arm 75 is fixed on the telescopic rod of the discharging lifting cylinder 74. Shaft detection equipment has ejection of compact switching-over sleeve 121, and the axle that ejection of compact switching-over sleeve 121 will detect the completion rotates to horizontal position, presss from both sides the axle through arm lock 75 this moment, and ejection of compact switching-over sleeve 121 retreats and makes the axle withdraw from in ejection of compact switching-over sleeve 121, and rethread slide 73 will accompany the arm lock 75 of axle and move to magazine 7 top to make arm lock 75 descend through ejection of compact lift cylinder 74 and place the axle in magazine 7, how to reciprocate to realize automatic discharging.

During detection, a plurality of shafts to be detected are placed in the hopper 6, the shafts are pulled out of the hopper 6 one by one through the push-pull plate 62, the pulled shafts are pushed to the feeding reversing sleeve 12 through the ejector block 65, at the moment, the feeding reversing sleeve 12 is aligned with the feeding through groove 621 of the push-pull plate 62, the shafts are inserted into the feeding reversing sleeve 12, the feeding reversing sleeve 12 is rotated to a vertical position through the motor, the shafts are vertically arranged, the measuring table 11 is transversely moved to one side of the material box 7 through the transverse moving pushing cylinder 112, the shafts vertically arranged on the feeding reversing sleeve 12 move to be right below the clamping jaws 24 close to the hopper 6, the clamping jaws 24 clamp the shafts and pull the shafts out of the feeding reversing sleeve 12, the measuring table 11 is moved back to an initial position, at the moment, the shafts on the clamping jaws 24 close to the hopper 6 are positioned right above the detection base 5 close to the hopper 6, the clamping jaws 24 are axially inserted into the detection base 5, and at the same time, the lifting frame 41 extends the pneumatic measuring head 42 into the inner hole of the shaft for detection, the clamping jaw 24 extracts the shaft from the detection base 5 after the detection is finished, the shaft is inserted into the second detection base 5 for pneumatic detection through the back and forth movement of the measuring table 11, the shaft is inserted into the third detection base 5 through the matching of the clamping jaw 24 and the measuring table 11 after the size of the inner hole is detected twice, the length of the shaft is detected through the upper distance sensor 3 and the lower distance sensor 31, the shaft rotates along with the detection base 5 in the detection process, the shaft is inserted into the discharging reversing sleeve 121 through the matching of the clamping jaw 24 and the measuring table 11 after the detection is finished, the discharging reversing sleeve 121 rotates to enable the shaft to be horizontal, then the shaft is clamped through the clamping arm 75, the shaft is extracted from the discharging reversing sleeve 121 through the retraction of the measuring table 11, the clamping arm 75 puts the shaft into the material box 7 for recovery, completing the detection of the shaft; the detection process is carried out in a flow line mode, and therefore shafts are arranged in the three detection bases 5 when detection is carried out at each time, and therefore detection efficiency is high.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. The shaft detection device comprises a working table and a measuring table arranged on the working table, and is characterized in that the shaft length and inner hole size detection device comprises a detection air pump, an air-tight measuring instrument, an upper distance sensor, a lower distance sensor and three detection bases arranged on the measuring table, the three detection bases are sequentially arranged, shaft cores used for positioning shafts are arranged in the detection bases, the shaft cores of the three detection bases can synchronously rotate through a rotating structure, a station transfer device capable of moving the shafts from one detection base to the other detection base is arranged on the working table, the upper distance sensor and the lower distance sensor are fixed on the working table and are aligned up and down, one detection base can move to a position between the upper distance sensor and the lower distance sensor, a lifting frame is further arranged on the working table, two pneumatic measuring heads vertically and upwards are fixed on the lifting frame, the other two detection bases can move to positions right above the two pneumatic measuring heads, the two pneumatic measuring heads can respectively directly face the shaft cores in the two detection bases, the detection air pump and the air-tight measuring instrument are connected with the air-tight measuring instrument through air pipes, and are respectively connected with the two pneumatic measuring heads through air pipes; the rotating structure comprises a driving motor and a belt, the detection base comprises a bearing seat fixed with the measuring table, an upper bearing and a lower bearing which are rotatably connected in the bearing seat, a shaft core is inserted and positioned in an inner ring of the upper bearing, a pulley shaft is inserted and connected in an inner ring of the lower bearing, a first abdicating gap is formed between the shaft core and the pulley shaft, the pulley shaft and the shaft core are positioned in the circumferential direction, the pulley shaft can move axially relative to the shaft core, the lower end of the pulley shaft penetrates through the bearing seat and is fixedly connected with a driven pulley, a second abdicating gap is formed between the driven pulley and the lower end face of the bearing seat, the driving motor is fixed on the measuring table, a driving pulley is fixed on a rotating shaft of the driving motor, and the driving pulley is connected with three driven pulleys through tensioned belts; the lower end face of the shaft core is provided with at least two insertion holes, the upper end face of the belt pulley shaft is provided with protruding insertion rods which correspond to the insertion holes one by one, the insertion rods can be inserted into the corresponding insertion holes, and the insertion rods can move axially relative to the insertion holes; the shaft core is provided with an upper through hole, the belt pulley shaft is provided with a lower through hole, the diameter of the lower through hole is larger than that of the upper through hole, the upper through hole of the shaft core is communicated with the lower through hole of the belt pulley shaft, and the middle part of the driven pulley is provided with a yielding through hole communicated with the lower through hole.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the driven pulley has an upwardly protruding annular guide collar that extends into the bearing housing.

3. The device for detecting the shaft length and the size of the inner hole in the shaft detecting equipment according to claim 1, wherein the bearing seat comprises an upper bearing seat and a lower bearing seat, the upper bearing seat is fixed with the measuring table through a bolt, the lower bearing seat is fixed on the lower bottom surface of the lower bearing seat, an upper abutting convex edge is arranged at the position, close to the lower end, of the inner hole of the upper bearing seat, an outer ring of the upper bearing abuts against the upper abutting convex edge, a lower abutting convex edge is arranged at the position, close to the lower end, of the inner hole of the lower bearing seat, and an outer ring of the lower bearing abuts against the lower abutting convex edge.

4. The device for detecting the shaft length and the inner hole size in the shaft detection equipment according to claim 1, wherein an end cover is fixed on an upper end face of the bearing seat, a abdicating hole is formed in the middle of the end cover, a reference panel is fixed on an upper end face of the shaft core, a reference convex surface is arranged on an upper plate surface of the reference panel, a reference convex ring is arranged on a lower plate surface of the reference panel, the reference convex ring penetrates through the abdicating hole to be attached and fixed to the upper end face of the shaft core, and the lower plate surface of the reference panel is attached to the end cover.

5. The device for detecting the shaft length and the inner hole size in the shaft detecting equipment according to claim 1, wherein the station transferring device comprises a slide rail, a mounting bracket, a lifting cylinder, a translation cylinder and clamping jaws, the slide rail is fixed on the workbench, the measuring table is slidably connected to the slide rail, the mounting bracket is fixed on the workbench, the lifting cylinder is vertically and downwardly fixed on the mounting bracket, the translation cylinder is fixed on an expansion link of the lifting cylinder, the expansion link of the translation cylinder is perpendicular to the slide rail, the clamping jaws are in one-to-one correspondence with the detecting bases, a mounting plate is fixed on the expansion link of the translation cylinder, and the clamping jaws are fixed on the mounting plate side by side and located above the detecting bases.

6. The device for detecting the shaft length and the inner hole size in the shaft detecting equipment according to claim 5, wherein a lifting slide seat is arranged between the lifting cylinder and the translation cylinder, a lifting convex strip is vertically arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder, a lifting slide groove is formed in the lifting slide seat, the lifting slide seat is attached to the outer wall of the cylinder body of the lifting cylinder, the lifting convex strip is clamped into the lifting slide groove and can slide relative to the lifting slide groove, the translation cylinder is fixed at the lower end of the lifting slide seat, a first vertically convex connecting block part is arranged on the lifting slide seat, and a telescopic rod of the lifting cylinder is fixed with the first connecting block part.

7. The device for detecting the axial length and the inner hole size of the axial detection device according to claim 5, wherein a translational sliding seat is disposed between the translational cylinder and the mounting plate, the telescopic rod of the translational cylinder is connected with the translational sliding seat, the mounting plate is provided with a translational sliding groove, the bottom surface of the translational cylinder is provided with a translational protruding strip, the translational protruding strip is clamped into the translational sliding groove and can slide relative to the translational sliding groove, a limiting block is fixed on the side surface of the translational cylinder, a positioning through groove is formed in one side of the limiting block facing the translational sliding seat, a positioning through groove is clamped into the side surface of the translational sliding seat, and the mounting plate is fixed below the translational sliding seat.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, wherein the positioning chamfers are formed on the upper and lower edges of the side surface of the translational sliding seat, and the positioning slopes capable of abutting against the positioning chamfers are formed on the two side walls of the positioning through groove.

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