CN107119079B - Method for mixed wet anaerobic digestion co-treatment of echinocandin bacterial residues and sludge - Google Patents
Method for mixed wet anaerobic digestion co-treatment of echinocandin bacterial residues and sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN107119079B CN107119079B CN201710533955.7A CN201710533955A CN107119079B CN 107119079 B CN107119079 B CN 107119079B CN 201710533955 A CN201710533955 A CN 201710533955A CN 107119079 B CN107119079 B CN 107119079B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
- C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
- C12P5/023—Methane
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/02—Biological treatment
- C02F11/04—Anaerobic treatment; Production of methane by such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a mixed wet anaerobic digestion co-treatment method of echinocandin bacterial slag and sludge, which comprises the steps of performing alkaline thermal modification on the echinocandin bacterial slag, and then performing mixed wet anaerobic digestion on the modified bacterial slag and the sludge to realize the co-treatment of two types of organic wastes. Through alkaline heat modification, echinocandin mushroom dregs are quickly broken into cells, cytoplasm is dissolved out, long-chain organic matters are hydrolyzed into short-chain organic matters, and biodegradability of the mushroom dregs is improved. Moreover, the reasonable compatibility of the bacterial slag and the sludge changes the nutrition ratio of the anaerobic digestion system, ensures the activity of methane bacteria, and obviously improves the anaerobic digestion rate and the gas production rate. After the echinocandin is treated by the method, no residue exists basically, and the method has obvious environmental protection benefit and economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, relates to a harmless treatment method of echinocandin bacteria residue, and particularly relates to a method for mixed wet anaerobic digestion cooperative treatment of echinocandin bacteria residue and sludge.
Background
Echinocandin is a natural microbial product discovered in the 70 th of the 20 th century, is a brand new lipopeptide antifungal drug, has the advantages of wide antibacterial spectrum, strong antibacterial action, long half-life period, few and light adverse reactions and is widely used clinically. According to statistics, the production of echinocandin source drugs in China accounts for more than 70% of the world. However, a dangerous waste, namely fungus dregs, is generated in the biosynthesis and extraction processes of echinocandin (the national records of dangerous waste are classified as HW02 medical waste). The echinocandin mushroom dregs mainly comprise mycelium, residual culture medium and residual echinocandin, and have the advantages of high water content, high viscosity and rich organic matters. How to safely, economically and efficiently treat echinocandin fungi residues becomes a problem of common interest of a plurality of subjects in the sustainable development and the environmental quality improvement of the biopharmaceutical industry in China.
The anaerobic digestion for producing the biogas is a clean energy technology which is vigorously developed internationally, and is also an effective way for disposing the organic waste in a large scale. However, from the existing research and practice, the effect of directly performing anaerobic digestion treatment on most of the fermented antibiotic residues is not ideal, and especially the stability under the working condition of long-term continuous operation is poor. This is mainly due to the poor biodegradability of the mushroom dreg raw material. On one hand, mycelium in the mushroom dregs has rigid cell walls, and intracellular organic matters are difficult to release; on the other hand, macromolecular organic substances (crude proteins, crude fats, crude fibers, etc.) in the residual medium and the intermediate metabolites are difficult to be effectively utilized by the hydrolytic bacteria. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency and stability of the anaerobic digestion of the bio-pharmaceutical mushroom dregs, the mushroom dregs must be subjected to necessary modification treatment. For example: the intracellular organic matters are released or the macromolecular organic matters are degraded into easily utilized micromolecules by cell-dissolving and wall-breaking of the fungus residues. The existing cell lysis and wall breaking method mainly adopts physical and chemical or biochemical approaches such as ozone, microwave digestion, high-temperature cooking (higher than 100 ℃), thermophilic bacteria enzymolysis and the like to modify the mushroom dregs. The methods generally have the defects of large resource consumption, low treatment efficiency, large odor, large equipment floor area and the like in engineering application. So far, no successful paradigm for echinocandin fungi residue modification and disposal exists at home and abroad.
A byproduct, namely sludge, is produced in a large amount in the process of purifying waste water by a biological pharmaceutical enterprise. The sludge is solid waste with a plurality of similar physicochemical properties with the fungus dregs, for example, the sludge has high water content and is rich in organic matters. In addition, since sludge is mainly composed of biological aggregates, its microbial flora is extremely rich and contains a large amount of nutrients. Proper disposal of sludge is another problem facing many biopharmaceutical enterprises. Therefore, if the bacterial slag and the sludge are reasonably compatible to carry out mixed wet anaerobic digestion, the cooperative treatment of the two types of wastes of the bio-pharmaceutical enterprises can be realized through 'waste treatment by waste', the difficult problem of the bio-pharmaceutical enterprises is thoroughly solved, and meanwhile, the economic and environmental benefits of the treatment are also greatly improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for chemically modifying echinocandin bacterial residues and performing mixed wet anaerobic digestion synergistic treatment on the echinocandin bacterial residues and sludge, aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for performing mixed wet anaerobic digestion co-treatment on echinocandin bacterial residues and sludge comprises the following steps: performing alkaline-thermal modification on echinocandin bacterial residues, performing thermal hydrolysis on sludge, mixing the echinocandin bacterial residues subjected to alkaline-thermal modification with the sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis, inoculating anaerobic digestion sludge, and performing wet anaerobic digestion to prepare biogas.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) alkali-heat modification of echinocandin bacterial residues: adding alkali into the echinocandin bacterial residue suspension, fully stirring the mixture at 60-80 ℃ for 2-8h, carrying out alkali thermal hydrolysis reaction, and cooling to room temperature;
(2) sludge pyrohydrolysis: carrying out thermal hydrolysis on the sludge at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ for 10-40min, and cooling to room temperature;
(3) mixing the mushroom dregs with the sludge: uniformly mixing the echinocandin bacterial dregs subjected to alkaline thermal modification and sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis according to the volume ratio of 10:1-5 to obtain a mixed material of the bacterial dregs and the sludge;
(4) preparing biogas by anaerobic digestion: adding a mixed material of the bacterial slag and the sludge into an anaerobic digestion reactor, inoculating anaerobic digestion sludge, controlling the organic load to be 1-10 gVS/(L.d), the hydraulic retention time to be 10-15d and the temperature to be 30-55 ℃; after gas production, from 10d to 15d, adding a new mixed material of the bacterial slag and the sludge obtained in the step (3) into the anaerobic digestion reactor every day, discharging the anaerobically digested material, performing dynamic fermentation, and collecting the produced biogas;
(5) and (3) treatment of digestion products: performing solid-liquid separation on the materials subjected to anaerobic digestion, wherein biogas slurry is used for landscaping, and biogas residue is composted to prepare an organic fertilizer.
In the step (1), the Total Solid (TS) content in the echinocandin fungi residue suspension is 30-60 g/L; the adding proportion of the Total Solid (TS) in the suspension of the alkali and the echinocandin fungi residues is 0.04-0.1 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
The alkali is at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide, and is preferably sodium hydroxide.
In the step (2), the total solid content of the sludge is 20-40 g/L.
In the step (4), anaerobic digestion mud is inoculated according to the volume ratio of 10-50% of the mixed material of the mushroom dregs and the sludge.
The anaerobic digestion sludge is black sludge in an anaerobic digestion tank of a sewage treatment plant, the pH value is 7.2-8.2, the total solid content is 18-25g/L, the dissolubility COD 430-750mg/L, the anaerobic digestion sludge has methanogenesis activity under the anaerobic condition, and the methanogenesis speed is 50-100mLCH4Per day of VSS sludge.
Adding a new mixed material of the bacterial residues and the sludge into the anaerobic digestion reactor every day according to 5-15% of the volume of all the materials in the reactor, and discharging the anaerobically digested material with the same volume as the added new material.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) through alkaline heat modification, echinocandin mushroom dreg mycelium is broken rapidly, cytoplasm is dissolved out, long-chain organic matters which are difficult to utilize are hydrolyzed into short-chain organic matters which are easy to utilize, and biodegradability of mushroom dregs is improved. In addition, the alkali heat treatment can also remove a large amount of residual echinocandin in the mushroom dregs, and reduce the risk of antibiotic residue.
(2) Compared with a single material, the mixed material can improve the nutrition ratio of an anaerobic digestion system, ensure the activity of methane bacteria, and obviously improve the anaerobic digestion rate and the gas production rate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples.
Example 1
(1) Alkali-heat modification of echinocandin bacterial residues
Taking 2L of echinocandin bacterial dregs (pH value 7.1, water content 97%, volatile solid VS 92.5%, crude protein 38.1%, crude fiber 8.91%, crude fat 2.01%) of a certain biological pharmaceutical factory; NaOH is added according to the proportion of 0.05g (NaOH)/g (TS), then the mixture is treated in a water bath kettle at the temperature of 70 ℃ for 2 hours and cooled to the room temperature for standby.
(2) Sludge pyrohydrolysis
Taking 1L of sludge (pH value 6.75, water content 96.5%, VS 56.2%) from biochemical treatment of certain sewage, placing the sludge in a high-temperature digester for thermal hydrolysis at 121 ℃ for 30min, and cooling to room temperature for later use.
(3) Mixing of mushroom dregs with sludge
Uniformly mixing the echinocandin bacterial dregs subjected to the alkaline thermal modification in the step (1) and the sludge subjected to the thermal hydrolysis in the step (2) according to the volume ratio of 2:1 to obtain a mixed material of the bacterial dregs and the sludge.
(4) Anaerobic digestion to produce biogas
3L of mixed material of bacterial slag and sludge is put into a CSTR (continuous sludge Tank reactor) with the total volume of 5L, and is inoculated with anaerobic digestion sludge (the pH value is 7.8, the total solid content is 18g/L, the solubility COD is 430mg/L, the methane production rate under anaerobic condition is 50mLCH according to the volume ratio of 20 percent4VSS sludge/day), organic load of 2.5 gVS/(L.d), hydraulic retention time of 10 days, 35 ℃ continuous fermentation for 60 days; and (4) after gas production, beginning at 10d, adding a new mixed material of the bacterial slag and the sludge in the step (3) according to a feeding ratio of 10% every day in the operation of the reactor, and discharging the material after the equal volume anaerobic digestion. And detecting indexes such as pH, gas production condition, VFA, COD and the like.
(5) Treatment of digestion products
Pouring out the material after anaerobic digestion, and performing plate-frame filter pressing dehydration to obtain biogas residue with the water content of less than or equal to 60%. Granulating the biogas residues by adopting a granulator, and then drying to prepare the organic fertilizer.
Two sets of control experiments were set up simultaneously:
comparative example 1a anaerobic digestion of untreated Mushroom dregs alone
2L echinocandin bacterial dregs (pH value 7.1, water content 97%, volatile solid VS 92.5%, crude protein 38.1%, crude fiber 8.91%, crude fat 2.01%) of a certain biological pharmaceutical factory are taken.
2L of bacterial residues are put into a CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor) completely-mixed anaerobic digestion reactor with the total volume of 5L, anaerobic digestion mud (the pH value is 7.8, the total solid content is 18g/L) is inoculated according to the volume ratio of 20 percent, the organic load is 2.5 gVS/(L.d), the hydraulic retention time is 10 days, and the fermentation is continuously carried out for 60 days at the temperature of 35 ℃; after gas production, starting at 10 th, adding new mushroom dregs according to a feeding ratio of 10% every day in the operation of the reactor, and discharging materials with the same volume.
Comparative example 1b anaerobic digestion of alkaline-thermally modified bacterial sludge alone
Taking 2L of echinocandin bacterial dregs (pH value 7.1, water content 97%, volatile solid VS 92.5%, crude protein 38.1%, crude fiber 8.91%, crude fat 2.01%) of a certain biological pharmaceutical factory; adding NaOH according to the proportion of 0.05g (NaOH)/g (TS), then processing in a water bath kettle at 70 ℃ for 2h, and cooling to room temperature for later use;
2L of bacterial residues are put into a CSTR (continuous stirred tank reactor) completely-mixed anaerobic digestion reactor with the total volume of 5L, anaerobic digestion mud (the pH value is 7.8, the total solid content is 18g/L) is inoculated according to the volume ratio of 20 percent, the organic load is 2.5 gVS/(L.d), the hydraulic retention time is 10 days, and the fermentation is continuously carried out for 60 days at the temperature of 35 ℃; after gas production, 10 th day, adding new bacterial slag subjected to alkaline heat modification according to a feeding ratio of 10% every day during reactor operation, and discharging materials with the same volume.
TABLE 1 Change in index of anaerobic digestion of echinocandin bacterial residues by different treatments
Example 2
(1) Alkali-heat modification of echinocandin bacterial residues
3L of echinocandin bacterial dregs (pH value 7.3, water content 96%, VS 93.7%, crude protein 49.3%, crude fiber 1.79%, crude fat 5.23%) of a certain biological pharmaceutical factory is taken. NaOH is added according to the proportion of 0.08g (NaOH)/g (TS), then the mixture is treated in a water bath kettle at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 1 hour and cooled to the room temperature for standby.
(2) Sludge pyrohydrolysis
1L of sludge (pH value 6.5, water content 97.2%, VS 52%) obtained after biochemical treatment of certain sewage is taken and is put into a high-temperature digester for hydrolysis for 15min at 150 ℃. And cooling to room temperature for later use.
(3) Mixing of mushroom dregs with sludge
Uniformly mixing the echinocandin bacterial dregs subjected to the alkaline thermal modification in the step (1) and the sludge subjected to the thermal hydrolysis in the step (2) according to the volume ratio of 3:1 to obtain a mixed material of the bacterial dregs and the sludge.
(4) Anaerobic digestion to produce biogas
4L of mixed material consisting of bacterial slag and Sludge is put into a UASB (upflow Anaerobic Sludge bed) upflow Anaerobic Sludge blanket reactor with the total volume of 5L, Anaerobic digestion Sludge (the pH value is 8.2, the total solid content is 25g/L, the solubility COD is 750mg/L, the methane production rate under Anaerobic condition is 85CH according to the volume ratio of 15 percent4VSS sludge/day), organic load 5 gVS/(L.d), hydraulic retention time 10 days, 38 ℃ continuous fermentation 60 days. And (4) after gas production, beginning at 15d, adding a new mixed material of the bacterial slag and the sludge in the step (3) according to the feeding ratio of 12% every day in the operation of the reactor, and discharging the material after the anaerobic digestion with the same volume. And detecting indexes such as pH, gas production condition, VFA, COD and the like.
(5) Treatment of digestion products
Pouring out the material after anaerobic digestion, and dehydrating by using a cloth bag filter to obtain biogas residue with the water content of less than or equal to 80%. Granulating the biogas residues by adopting a granulator, and then drying to prepare the organic fertilizer.
Comparative example 2a anaerobic digestion of untreated Mushroom dregs alone
3L of echinocandin bacterial dregs (pH value 7.3, water content 96%, VS 93.7%, crude protein 49.3%, crude fiber 1.79%, crude fat 5.23%) of a certain biological pharmaceutical factory is taken.
3L of bacterial residues are put into a UASB up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor with the total volume of 5L, anaerobic digestion sludge (the pH value is 8.2, the total solid content is 25g/L) is inoculated according to the volume ratio of 15 percent, the organic load is 5 gVS/(L.d), the hydraulic retention time is 10 days, and the fermentation is continued for 60 days at 38 ℃; after gas production, starting at 15d, adding new mushroom dregs according to a feeding ratio of 12% every day during the operation of the device, and discharging materials with the same volume.
Comparative example 2b anaerobic digestion of alkaline-thermally modified bacterial sludge alone
3L of echinocandin bacterial dregs (pH value 7.3, water content 96%, VS 93.7%, crude protein 49.3%, crude fiber 1.79%, crude fat 5.23%) of a certain biological pharmaceutical factory is taken. NaOH is added according to the proportion of 0.08g (NaOH)/g (TS), then the mixture is treated in a water bath kettle at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 1 hour and cooled to the room temperature for standby.
3L of bacterial residues are put into a UASB up-flow anaerobic sludge bed reactor with the total volume of 5L, anaerobic digestion sludge (the pH value is 8.2, the total solid content is 25g/L) is inoculated according to the volume ratio of 15 percent, the organic load is 5 gVS/(L.d), the hydraulic retention time is 10 days, and the fermentation is continued for 60 days at 38 ℃; after gas production, beginning at 15d, adding new mushroom dregs according to a feeding ratio of 12% every day in the operation of the reactor, and discharging materials with the same volume.
TABLE 2 Change in anaerobic digestion index of echinocandin bacterial dregs treated differently
Claims (8)
1. A method for carrying out mixed wet anaerobic digestion cooperative treatment on echinocandin bacterial residues and sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps: performing alkaline-thermal modification on echinocandin bacterial residues, performing thermal hydrolysis on sludge, mixing the echinocandin bacterial residues subjected to alkaline-thermal modification with the sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis, inoculating anaerobic digestion sludge, and performing wet anaerobic digestion to prepare methane; the method comprises the following steps:
(1) alkali-heat modification of echinocandin bacterial residues: adding alkali into the echinocandin bacterial residue suspension, fully stirring the mixture at 60-80 ℃ for 2-8h, carrying out alkali thermal hydrolysis reaction, and cooling to room temperature;
(2) sludge pyrohydrolysis: carrying out thermal hydrolysis on the sludge at the temperature of 120-180 ℃ for 10-40min, and cooling to room temperature;
(3) mixing the mushroom dregs with the sludge: uniformly mixing the echinocandin bacterial dregs subjected to alkaline thermal modification and sludge subjected to thermal hydrolysis according to the volume ratio of 10:1-5 to obtain a mixed material of the bacterial dregs and the sludge;
(4) preparing biogas by anaerobic digestion: adding a mixed material of the bacterial slag and the sludge into an anaerobic digestion reactor, inoculating anaerobic digestion sludge according to the volume ratio of 10-50% of the mixed material of the bacterial slag and the sludge, controlling the organic load to be 1-10 gVS/(L.d), the hydraulic retention time to be 10-15d and the temperature to be 30-55 ℃; and (3) after gas production, adding a new mixed material of the bacterial residues and the sludge obtained in the step (3) into the anaerobic digestion reactor from 10d to 15d every day, discharging the anaerobically digested material, performing dynamic fermentation, and collecting the produced biogas.
2. The method for mixed wet anaerobic digestion co-treatment of echinocandin bacterial sludge and sludge according to claim 1, characterized in that the method further comprises the treatment of digestion products: performing solid-liquid separation on the materials subjected to anaerobic digestion, wherein biogas slurry is used for landscaping, and biogas residue is composted to prepare an organic fertilizer.
3. The method for the mixed wet anaerobic digestion co-treatment of echinocandin bacterial sludge and sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the total solid content in the echinocandin bacterial sludge suspension is 30-60 g/L; the adding proportion of the total solid in the suspension of the alkali and the echinocandin fungi residue is 0.04-0.1 g: 1g of the total weight of the composition.
4. The method for co-processing echinocandin bacterial dregs and sludge by wet anaerobic digestion as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the alkali is at least one of sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the alkali is sodium hydroxide.
6. The method for co-disposal of echinocandin bacteria residue and sludge by wet anaerobic digestion as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (2), the total solid content of the sludge is 20-40 g/L.
7. The method for the mixed wet anaerobic digestion co-treatment of echinocandin bacteria residue and sludge as claimed in claim 1, wherein the anaerobic digestion sludge is black sludge in the anaerobic digestion tank of sewage treatment plant, the pH value is 7.2-8.2, the total solid content is 18-25g/L, the soluble COD is 750mg/L, the activity of producing methane under anaerobic condition is achieved, and the methane production rate is 50-100mLCH4Per day of VSS sludge.
8. The method for the mixed wet anaerobic digestion co-treatment of echinocandin bacterial dregs and sludge as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the mixed material of bacterial dregs and sludge is added into the anaerobic digestion reactor every day according to 5-15% of the volume of all the materials in the reactor, and the anaerobically digested material with the same volume as the added new material is discharged.
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