CN107118953A - Using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion system and method for collection hot working fluid - Google Patents

Using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion system and method for collection hot working fluid Download PDF

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CN107118953A
CN107118953A CN201710282544.5A CN201710282544A CN107118953A CN 107118953 A CN107118953 A CN 107118953A CN 201710282544 A CN201710282544 A CN 201710282544A CN 107118953 A CN107118953 A CN 107118953A
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heat
frustule
pipeline
heat exchanger
thermal collector
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CN107118953B (en
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廖强
付乾
肖超
黄云
夏奡
朱恂
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M21/00—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses
    • C12M21/04—Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses for producing gas, e.g. biogas
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
    • C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
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    • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M45/00—Means for pre-treatment of biological substances
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    • C12M47/00—Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass
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    • C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
    • C12N1/06—Lysis of microorganisms
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    • C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
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    • C12P5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons
    • C12P5/02—Preparation of hydrocarbons or halogenated hydrocarbons acyclic
    • C12P5/023—Methane
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    • C12P7/00—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds
    • C12P7/02—Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds containing a hydroxy group
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    • C12P7/06—Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage
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    • Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
    • Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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Abstract

The invention discloses the solar heat chemical conversion system and method using biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid；Using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion system of collection hot working fluid, including material storing box, plunger pump, solar thermal collector, air bleeding valve, installation for fermenting, grease extraction element and heat recovery heat exchanger；It is characterized in that：Frustule suspension is mounted in material storing box；Liquid reserve tank is connected by the first import of pipeline and heat recovery heat exchanger, and the first outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger connects solar thermal collector by plunger pump and pipeline two；Solar thermal collector connects the second import of heat recovery heat exchanger by air bleeding valve and pipeline three；The second outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger is connected by pipeline four with installation for fermenting and/or grease extraction element；By the present invention in that with solar thermal collector, taking full advantage of green regenerative energy sources, the problem of Energy input is big in preprocessing process is solved；It can be widely applied to the fields such as environmental protection, the energy, biology, chemical industry.

Description

Using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion system and method for collection hot working fluid
Technical field
The present invention relates to solar heat chemical conversion system and method, and in particular to using biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid Solar heat chemical conversion system and method.
Background technology
Biomass is the general designation of all non-fossil organic-biological materials containing intrinsic chemical energy, is a kind of renewable, day It is so available, few rich in energy, polluter (sulfur-bearing, nitrogen quantity are smaller), can alleviating energy crisis in a way carbon containing energy Source.Biomass can prepare bio-fuel by thermochemical study.This biolobic material includes, microalgae, cellulose, kitchen garbage Deng.
Microalgae is that a class can realize photoautotrophic unicellular alga, and it is using photosynthesis carbon dioxide conversion into egg The organic matters such as white matter, grease, carbohydrate.These organic matters can change into bio-fuel, such as biodiesel again, bio-ethanol, Methane, hydrogen etc..Microalgae can change into biodiesel by hydrothermal liquefaction；After hydrothermal pretreatment, microbe conversion Cheng Yi Alcohol, methane or hydrogen.But, hydrothermal liquefaction process and hydrothermal pretreatment process consume substantial amounts of energy, cause hydrothermal liquefaction Bio-fuel process is prepared, it is less that methane, hydrogen process net energy income is produced in hydrothermal pretreatment fermentation coupling.And hydro-thermal liquid Change and the heat of hydrothermal pretreatment needs mostly comes from electric energy or combustion heat energy, be unfavorable for energy-saving and emission-reduction, be unfavorable for hydro-thermal liquid Change, the industrialization of hydrothermal pretreatment process.Therefore, for microalgae biomass, the Energy input during energy conversion is reduced, It is microalgae energy conversion process major issue urgently to be resolved hurrily.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide the solar heat chemistry using biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid Conversion system and method.
First technical scheme of the present invention, using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion system of collection hot working fluid, Including material storing box, plunger pump, solar thermal collector, air bleeding valve, installation for fermenting, grease extraction element and heat recovery heat exchanger； It is characterized in that：
Frustule suspension is mounted in material storing box；Liquid reserve tank is connected by the first import of pipeline and heat recovery heat exchanger Connect, the first outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger connects solar thermal collector by plunger pump and pipeline two；Solar thermal collector leads to Cross air bleeding valve and pipeline three connects the second import of heat recovery heat exchanger；The second outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger passes through pipeline Four are connected with installation for fermenting and/or grease extraction element.
The solar thermal collector converts solar energy into heat energy, and frustule suspension is heated；Frustule suspension Heat is absorbed in solar thermal collector, occurs thermochemical study and changes into frustule hydrolyzate.
The heat recovery heat exchanger is exchanged heat frustule hydrolyzate with frustule suspension；Frustule after cooling Hydrolyzate flows into installation for fermenting and/or grease extraction element by pipeline four.
Installation for fermenting is used to frustule hydrolyzate changing into hydrogen, methane or ethanol.
Grease extraction element is used to extract the grease in frustule hydrolyzate.
The plunger pump, for driving microalgae cell suspension to be flowed in system；The air bleeding valve, for excluding thermalization Learn the gas produced in conversion process.
According to the preferred side of the present invention using solar heat chemical conversion system of the biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid Case, is provided with regulating valve, damper, flowmeter, the first temperature sensor and first pressure sensor in pipeline two.
Second temperature sensor, second pressure sensor and safety valve are provided with pipeline three.It is provided with pipeline four Counterbalance valve and three-temperature sensor.
The regulating valve is used for the flow for adjusting biomass suspension；The damper is used to reduce outlet of plunger pump pressure The infringement that power, the fluctuation of flow are caused to system equipment；Flowmeter is used for the flow for detecting biomass suspension；Temperature sensor Temperature and pressure with pressure sensor for detecting fluids within pipes.The counterbalance valve, for making manifold pressure keep permanent It is fixed.
According to the preferred side of the present invention using solar heat chemical conversion system of the biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid Case, the solar thermal collector includes solar energy condensation board and vacuum heat collection pipe；The solar energy condensation board is used to assemble the sun Light, and the sunshine after reflection is converged on the vacuum heat collection pipe of focal point；Vacuum collector is by glass tube, stainless steel Pipe and photothermal deformation coating composition；Stainless steel tube is arranged in glass tube, and the interlayer between glass tube and stainless steel tube is set to Vacuum, prevents the heat loss caused by convection current；Stainless steel tube outer surface scribbles photothermal conversion coating；One end connecting tube of stainless steel tube Road two；The other end connecting line three of stainless steel tube.Frustule suspension is flowed into stainless steel tube, and heat is passed by stainless steel tube Frustule suspension is passed, frustule suspension absorbs the temperature that heat is warming up to required for thermochemical study.
Second technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion for collecting hot working fluid Method, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Firstth, solar heat chemical conversion system is built；The system includes material storing box, plunger pump, solar thermal collector, row Air valve and heat recovery heat exchanger；Frustule suspension is mounted in material storing box；Wherein, liquid reserve tank is changed by pipeline with waste heat recovery The first import connection of hot device, the first outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger connects solar energy heating by plunger pump and pipeline two Device；Solar thermal collector connects the second import of heat recovery heat exchanger by air bleeding valve and pipeline three；Heat recovery heat exchanger Second outlet be connected by counterbalance valve with installation for fermenting and/or grease extraction element.
Secondth, frustule suspension is mounted in material storing box, starts plunger pump, driving of the frustule suspension in plunger pump Lower process heat recovery heat exchanger flows into solar thermal collector.
3rd, the solar thermal collector converts solar energy into heat energy, and frustule suspension is heated；Frustule hangs Supernatant liquid absorbs heat in solar thermal collector, occurs thermochemical study and changes into frustule hydrolyzate；Thermochemical study mistake The gas produced in journey is discharged from air bleeding valve.
4th, frustule hydrolyzate by pipeline three flow into heat recovery heat exchanger, and in heat recovery heat exchanger with After the heat exchange of frustule suspension, installation for fermenting and/or grease extraction element are flowed into.
5th, frustule hydrolyzate generates hydrogen, methane or ethanol in installation for fermenting；Or pass through grease extraction element Grease is extracted from frustule hydrolyzate.
According to the preferred side of the present invention using solar heat chemical conversion process of the biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid Case, the solar thermal collector includes solar energy condensation board and vacuum heat collection pipe；Vacuum heat collection pipe by glass tube, stainless steel tube and Photothermal deformation coating is constituted；Stainless steel tube is arranged in glass tube, and the interlayer between glass tube and stainless steel tube is set to vacuum, Stainless steel tube outer surface scribbles photothermal conversion coating；One end connecting line two of stainless steel tube；The other end connection of stainless steel tube Pipeline three.
It is of the present invention using biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid solar heat chemical conversion system and method it is beneficial Effect is:By the present invention in that with solar thermal collector, taking full advantage of green regenerative energy sources, thermochemical study mistake is solved The problem of Energy input is big in journey, reduces the Energy input during energy conversion；Cost of the present invention is low, saves the energy, effect Rate is high, and more existing hydrothermal pretreatment mode has obvious advantage；It can be widely applied to the neck such as environmental protection, the energy, biology, chemical industry Domain.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the solar heat chemical conversion system architecture signal of the present invention using biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid Figure.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of solar thermal collector 8.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2, using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion system of collection hot working fluid, including material storing box 1st, plunger pump 2, regulating valve 3, damper 4, flowmeter 5, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, solar thermal collector 8, safety valve 9th, air bleeding valve 10, counterbalance valve 12, installation for fermenting 14, grease extraction element 15 and heat recovery heat exchanger 16；Wherein：
Frustule suspension 11 is mounted in material storing box 1；Liquid reserve tank 1 passes through pipeline and the import of heat recovery heat exchanger 16 first Connection, the first outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger 16 connects solar thermal collector 8 by plunger pump 2 and pipeline two；Solar energy collection Hot device 8 connects the second import of heat recovery heat exchanger 16 by air bleeding valve 10 and pipeline three；The of heat recovery heat exchanger 16 Two outlets are connected by pipeline four with installation for fermenting 14 and/or grease extraction element 15.
The solar thermal collector 8 converts solar energy into heat energy, and frustule suspension is heated；Frustule suspension Heat is absorbed in solar thermal collector 8, occurs thermochemical study and changes into frustule hydrolyzate；The solar thermal collector It is the topmost part of system, length and width is determined by the factor such as thermal-arrest working medium flow and the thermochemical study temperature to be reached It is fixed.Solar thermal collector converts solar energy into heat energy and passes to frustule suspension, and frustule suspension absorbs heat heating To the temperature required for thermochemical study.
The heat recovery heat exchanger 16 is exchanged heat frustule hydrolyzate with frustule suspension；Algae after cooling is thin Born of the same parents' hydrolyzate flows into installation for fermenting 14 and/or grease extraction element 15 by pipeline four.
Installation for fermenting 14 is used to frustule hydrolyzate changing into hydrogen, methane or ethanol.
Grease extraction element 15 is used to extract the grease in frustule hydrolyzate.
In a particular embodiment, regulating valve 3, damper 4, flowmeter 5, the first temperature sensor 6A are provided with pipeline two With first pressure sensor 7A；Second temperature sensor 6B, second pressure sensor 7B and safety valve 9 are provided with pipeline three. Three-temperature sensor 6C and counterbalance valve 12 are provided with pipeline four.
In a particular embodiment, the solar thermal collector 8 includes solar energy condensation board 22 and vacuum heat collection pipe；Vacuum collection Heat pipe is made up of glass tube 23, stainless steel tube 25 and photothermal deformation coating 24；Stainless steel tube 25 is arranged in glass tube 23, glass Interlayer between pipe 23 and stainless steel tube 25 is set to vacuum, and the outer surface of stainless steel tube 25 scribbles photothermal conversion coating；Stainless steel One end connecting line two of pipe 25；The other end connecting line three of stainless steel tube 25.
The working-flow is as follows：After system installation, start plunger pump 2, certain density frustule suspension 11 flow into system pipeline under the driving of plunger pump 2, and frustule suspension 11 flows through regulating valve 3 and damper 4 enters solar energy Heat collector 8；Damper 4 eliminates the outlet pressure of plunger pump 2, the fluctuation of flow；In this section of pipeline, by flowmeter 5, the first temperature Flow, the temperature and pressure of sensor 6A, first pressure sensor 7A test frustule suspension 11；Frustule suspension 11 exists Absorbed in solar thermal collector 8 and a small amount of gas for being produced in frustule hydrolyzate 13, course of reaction is converted into after heat from exhaust Valve 10 is discharged, and the frustule hydrolyzate 13 of high temperature exchanges heat in heat recovery heat exchanger 16 with low temperature frustule suspension 11, then Installation for fermenting 14 and/or grease extraction element are flowed into by counterbalance valve 12；Frustule hydrolyzate 13 is generated in installation for fermenting 14 Hydrogen, methane or ethanol etc.；Or the bio-oils such as biodiesel, grease are extracted in grease extraction element 15.If system Because some unpredictable situations cause hypertonia, then safety valve 14 is automatically opened up, and reduces loine pressure, protects system.
It is a kind of using biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid solar heat chemical conversion process, comprise the following steps：
Firstth, solar heat chemical conversion system is built；Material storing box 1, plunger pump 2, regulating valve 3, damper 4, flowmeter 5th, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, solar thermal collector 8, safety valve 9, air bleeding valve 10, counterbalance valve 12, installation for fermenting 14, oil Fat extraction element 15 and heat recovery heat exchanger 16.
Wherein, liquid reserve tank 1 is connected by pipeline with the first import of heat recovery heat exchanger 16, heat recovery heat exchanger 16 First outlet pass through plunger pump 2 and pipeline two and connect solar thermal collector 8；Solar thermal collector 8 passes through air bleeding valve 10 and pipe Road three connects the second import of heat recovery heat exchanger 16；The second outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger 16 passes through pipeline four and fermentation Device 14 and/or grease extraction element 15 are connected.
Regulating valve 3, damper 4, flowmeter 5, the first temperature sensor 6A and first pressure is provided with pipeline two to pass Sensor 7A.
Second temperature sensor 6B, second pressure sensor 7B and safety valve 9 are provided with pipeline three.In pipeline four It is provided with three-temperature sensor 6C and counterbalance valve 12.
The solar thermal collector 8 includes solar energy condensation board 22 and vacuum heat collection pipe；Vacuum heat collection pipe by glass tube 23, Stainless steel tube 25 and photothermal deformation coating 24 are constituted；Stainless steel tube 25 is arranged in glass tube 23, glass tube 23 and stainless steel tube Interlayer between 25 is set to vacuum, and the outer surface of stainless steel tube 25 scribbles photothermal conversion coating；One end connection of stainless steel tube 25 Pipeline two；The other end connecting line three of stainless steel tube 25.
Secondth, frustule suspension 11 is mounted in material storing box 1, starts plunger pump 2, frustule suspension 11 is in plunger pump Under 2 driving solar thermal collector 8 is flowed into by heat recovery heat exchanger 16, regulating valve 3 and damper 4；Damper 4 is used to disappear Except the fluctuation of the outlet pressure of plunger pump 2, flow；In this section of pipeline, by flowmeter 5, the first temperature sensor 6A, first pressure Flow, the temperature and pressure of sensor 7A test frustules suspension 11.
3rd, the solar thermal collector 8 converts solar energy into heat energy, and frustule suspension is heated；Frustule Suspension absorbs heat in solar thermal collector 8, occurs thermochemical study and changes into frustule hydrolyzate；Thermochemical study During the gas that produces discharged from air bleeding valve 10.
4th, frustule hydrolyzate 13 flows into heat recovery heat exchanger 16, in section pipeline, second temperature by pipeline three The temperature and pressure of sensor 6B and second pressure sensor 7B test frustules hydrolyzate 13, if hypertonia, safety Valve 14 is automatically opened up, and reduces loine pressure, protects system；Frustule hydrolyzate 13 in heat recovery heat exchanger 16 with frustule After suspension 11 exchanges heat, the temperature of frustule hydrolyzate 13 is tested by three-temperature sensor 6C, is flowed into and sent out by counterbalance valve 12 Ferment device 14 and/or grease extraction element 15.
5th, frustule hydrolyzate 13 generates hydrogen, methane or ethanol in installation for fermenting 14；Or extracted by grease Device 15 extracts grease from frustule hydrolyzate 13.

Claims (5)

1. using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion system of collection hot working fluid, including material storing box (1), plunger pump (2), too Positive energy heat collector (8), air bleeding valve (10) and heat recovery heat exchanger (16)；It is characterized in that：
Frustule suspension (11) is mounted in material storing box (1)；Liquid reserve tank (1) pass through pipeline and heat recovery heat exchanger (16) the One import is connected, and the first outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger (16) connects solar thermal collector by plunger pump (2) and pipeline two (8)；Solar thermal collector (8) connects the second import of heat recovery heat exchanger (16) by air bleeding valve (10) and pipeline three；It is remaining The second outlet of heat recovering heat exchanger (16) is connected by pipeline four with installation for fermenting (14) and/or grease extraction element (15)；
The solar thermal collector (8) converts solar energy into heat energy, and frustule suspension is heated；Frustule suspension exists Heat is absorbed in solar thermal collector (8), occurs thermochemical study and changes into frustule hydrolyzate；
The heat recovery heat exchanger (16) is exchanged heat frustule hydrolyzate with frustule suspension；Frustule hydrolyzate leads to Cross pipeline four and flow into installation for fermenting (14) and/or grease extraction element (15)；
Installation for fermenting (14) is used to frustule hydrolyzate changing into hydrogen, methane or ethanol；
Grease extraction element (15) is used for the grease for extracting frustule hydrolyzate.
2. it is according to claim 1 using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion system of collection hot working fluid, its feature It is：Regulating valve (3), damper (4), flowmeter (5), the first temperature sensor (6A) and the first pressure are provided with pipeline two Force snesor (7A)；
Second temperature sensor (6B), second pressure sensor (7B) and safety valve (9) are provided with pipeline three.
3. the solar heat chemical conversion system according to claim 1 or 2 using biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid, it is special Levy and be：The solar thermal collector (8) includes solar energy condensation board (22) and vacuum heat collection pipe；Vacuum heat collection pipe is by glass tube (23), stainless steel tube (25) and photothermal deformation coating (24) composition；Stainless steel tube 25) it is arranged in glass tube (23), glass tube (23) interlayer between stainless steel tube (25) is set to vacuum, and stainless steel tube (25) outer surface scribbles photothermal conversion coating；No One end connecting line two of rust steel pipe (25)；The other end connecting line three of stainless steel tube (25).
4. a kind of solar heat chemical conversion process using biomass slurry as collection hot working fluid, it is characterised in that：Including following step Suddenly：
Firstth, solar heat chemical conversion system is built；The system includes material storing box (1), plunger pump (2), solar thermal collector (8), air bleeding valve (10) and heat recovery heat exchanger (16)；Frustule suspension (11) is mounted in material storing box (1)；Wherein, liquid storage Case (1) is connected by pipeline with the first import of heat recovery heat exchanger (16), the first outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger (16) Solar thermal collector (8) is connected by plunger pump (2) and pipeline two；Solar thermal collector (8) passes through air bleeding valve (10) and pipeline Second import of three connection heat recovery heat exchangers (16)；The second outlet of heat recovery heat exchanger (16) passes through counterbalance valve (12) It is connected with installation for fermenting (14) and/or grease extraction element (15)；
Secondth, frustule suspension (11) is mounted in material storing box (1), starts plunger pump (2), frustule suspension (11) is in post Under the driving of plug pump (2) solar thermal collector (8) is flowed into by heat recovery heat exchanger (16)；
3rd, the solar thermal collector (8) converts solar energy into heat energy, and frustule suspension is heated；Frustule hangs Supernatant liquid absorbs heat in solar thermal collector (8), occurs thermochemical study and changes into frustule hydrolyzate；Thermochemical study During the gas that produces discharged from air bleeding valve (10)；
4th, frustule hydrolyzate (13) flows into heat recovery heat exchanger (16) by pipeline three, and in heat recovery heat exchanger (16) with after frustule suspension (11) heat exchange, flowing into installation for fermenting (14) and/or grease extraction element (15) in；
5th, frustule hydrolyzate (13) generation hydrogen, methane or ethanol in installation for fermenting (14)；Or extracted by grease Device (15) extracts the grease in frustule hydrolyzate (13).
5. it is according to claim 4 using biomass slurry as the solar heat chemical conversion process of collection hot working fluid, its feature It is：The solar thermal collector (8) includes solar energy condensation board (22) and vacuum heat collection pipe；Vacuum heat collection pipe is by glass tube (23), stainless steel tube (25) and photothermal deformation coating (24) composition；Stainless steel tube 25) it is arranged in glass tube (23), glass tube (23) interlayer between stainless steel tube (25) is set to vacuum, and stainless steel tube (25) outer surface scribbles photothermal conversion coating；No One end connecting line two of rust steel pipe (25)；The other end connecting line three of stainless steel tube (25).
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