CN107115155B

CN107115155B - Method for accurately describing basic bone arch line and dental arch curve

Info

Publication number: CN107115155B
Application number: CN201710457090.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周昱
Original assignee: SCHOOL & HOSPITAL OF STOMATOLOGY WENZHOU MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Current assignee: SCHOOL & HOSPITAL OF STOMATOLOGY WENZHOU MEDICAL UNIVERSITY
Priority date: 2017-06-16
Filing date: 2017-06-16
Publication date: 2022-07-15
Anticipated expiration: 2037-06-16
Also published as: CN107115155A

Abstract

A method for accurately describing an arch line and a dental arch curve of a bone is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps: 1) preparing an oral cavity model mapping device; 2) marking points on the oral cavity model; 3) fixing the oral cavity model; 4) positioning the model; 5) placing a drawing board in a drawing board frame; 6) transferring all the mark points on the model to a drawing board; 7) and taking out the drawing board, and connecting the mark points into an arch line. The device can accurately draw arch curves such as dental arches and bone arches, and is also used for analyzing other data of the oral cavity model.

Description

Method for accurately describing basic bone arch line and dental arch curve

Technical Field

The invention relates to an oral medical instrument, in particular to an oral model surveying and mapping device and a method for drawing a bone base arch line and a dental arch curve by using the same.

Background

The aim of the clinical orthodontic treatment of the malocclusion of teeth is balance, stability and beauty. Obtaining a stable, individualized dental arch form after orthodontic treatment is critical to the long-term stability of orthodontic treatment for a patient. In the orthodontic clinic, when a treatment scheme of an orthodontic patient is designed and formulated, individual difference is fully considered, and an individual arch wire is bent according to the base bone state of the patient, the base bone state is mainly determined by genetic factors, and the base bone state is closely related to the tooth arch state, so that the change of the tooth arch state in orthodontic treatment is very limited, for example, excessive expansion of the dentition caused by excessive bending of the arch is not only unfavorable for the stability of treatment, but also can cause serious adverse effects such as peridental bone cracking and the like. The arch wire determines the position of a patient's tooth in a jaw, namely determines the form of an arch, the arch wire with larger error can cause the arch of dentition to be not matched with a basal arch of the patient's jaw, a large number of studies at home and abroad show that the movement of any tooth in orthodontic treatment is limited by WALA ridge connecting lines, namely the shape of the basal arch, the orthodontic action beyond the limitation not only influences the stability of the treatment result, but also can cause a series of serious problems of periodontal bone cracking, bone windowing, gingival recession and the like, and even studies show that the thickness of the labial and buccal alveolar bone of the teeth in an anterior dental area is very thin, the average thickness is only 0.57 +/-0.37 mm at a position 2mm below the crest of an alveolar ridge of the teeth in a posterior dental area is about 1.2mm on average, and the problem of bone cracking and the like are easily caused because of the thin alveolar bone. And after the individualized arch wire bent according to the base bone arch shape is positioned in the dentition, an arch shape matched with the base bone arch can be obtained certainly, so that the risk that teeth are corrected to be out of the base bone arch shape line can be avoided, namely, a series of problems of periodontal bone cracking, bone windowing, gingival retraction and the like caused by unreasonable bending of the dentition arch shape in the correction treatment are avoided. Therefore, the clinical bending of the individual arch wire according to the base bone shape has important significance.

Clinical studies show that the WALA ridge can be used as a reliable anatomical marker of a basic bone, the basic bone arch is the arch formed by connecting WALA ridge connecting lines, and the WALA ridge is the most convex point on a soft tissue braid attached to the junction of a gum and a tooth socket mucous membrane. The arch shape formed by connecting WALA ridges in a connecting line, namely an arch bone arch shape, is taken as a reference for manufacturing a personalized arch shape, the specific arch wire bending reference requirements are that the arch shape is 2.2mm in a second molar area, the first molar area teeth are 2.0mm in a basal arch line, the second double-cusp area teeth are 1.3mm in the basal arch line, the first double-cusp area teeth are 0.8mm in the basal arch line, the front teeth area is matched with the arch shape, but the arch shape is not a real arch wire because the arch shape is formed by discontinuous (WALA ridge) anatomical salient points distributed on a model, the anatomical salient points are slightly deviated from the upper part and slightly deviated from the lower part on the model from the horizontal direction and are not in the same plane, the anatomical salient points are slightly deviated from the inner part and slightly deviated from the outer part from the occlusal surface, the arch shape is not a real arch wire, if a clinician bends to manufacture the dental arch shape matched with the dental arch shape of a patient according to the hypothetical basal arch shape, great difficulty exists in clinical operation, and great error necessarily exists in the arch wire that is bent. At present, clinical doctors have two methods for using the arch wire, one method is to use the finished arch wire, the arch shape of the arch wire is shaped before leaving a factory, the arch shape is divided into oval, pointed round and oval, the doctor visually observes the oral condition of a patient and selects a similar arch shape, and the method has the defect that the selected arch shape is not personalized; the second method comprises the following steps: a doctor visually observes the oral cavity model or the conditions in the oral cavity of a patient and manually bends an arch wire; the arch wire obtained by the two methods is an imaginary basic bone arch wire observed by a doctor according to clinical experience, the arch wire is very roughly manufactured or a preformed arch wire is selected, and the individualized arch wire can not be bent according to the accurate requirement of a few millimeters of teeth at what tooth positions in the basic bone arch theoretically required. The use of this rough selection or archwire making method often causes some of the teeth in the arch to be deviated outside the jaw causing complications such as peridental bone fractures, loss of gum attachment, etc.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the problems in the background art, the invention aims to provide a multifunctional oral cavity model mapping device to realize a method for accurately drawing arch curves of dental arches, foundation arches and the like.

The invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a method for accurately tracing an arch line of a bone, which is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:

1) preparing an oral cavity model mapping device;

the oral cavity model surveying and mapping device mainly comprises a base and a pillar fixedly connected with the base, wherein a model seat adjusting device is arranged in the middle of the base; a model seat for placing and fixing the oral cavity model is arranged above the model seat adjusting device; a drawing board frame fixed on the support is arranged above the model base, and a drawing board matched with the drawing board frame is arranged in the drawing board frame; the upper end of the strut is also provided with a connecting rod device movably connected with the strut; the other end of the connecting rod device is provided with a drawing device; the drawing device mainly comprises a drawing rod, wherein a lower drawing pen for positioning each mapping point on the oral cavity model is arranged at the lower end of the drawing rod, and an upper drawing pen for drawing each mapping point on the oral cavity model onto a drawing board is arranged in the middle of the drawing rod;

the model seat adjusting device consists of a tightening piece, a height adjusting sleeve and an upper and lower adjusting rod provided with external threads; the middle part of the height adjusting sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped partition plate, and the inner side of the height adjusting sleeve positioned below the arc-shaped partition plate is provided with an internal thread which is matched with the external thread of the upper adjusting rod and the lower adjusting rod;

A model seat limiting ball is arranged below the model seat, and the model seat adjusting device are matched with the arc-shaped partition plate through the model seat limiting ball to realize rotating connection;

the model seat comprises a model fixing seat and a model base above the model fixing seat; two model fixing devices are respectively arranged at two sides of the upper plane of the model fixing seat; the oral cavity model is placed on the model base, and is fixed on the model base through the model fixing device after being adjusted to a proper position; the front end of a lower tracing pen of the tracing device is conical, the middle part of the lower tracing pen is provided with an insertion hole for inserting the lower end of the tracing rod, a compression spring is arranged in the insertion hole, the rear part of the lower tracing pen is provided with a trigger, the upper surface of the trigger is an inclined plane, and the inclined plane is provided with a sliding chute which is sunken downwards; the upper end of the tracing rod is connected with the connecting rod device, the middle part of the tracing rod is provided with a fixed part fixedly connected with the tracing rod, the middle part of the tracing rod is also provided with a shaft sleeve movably connected with the tracing rod, and a spring is arranged between the shaft sleeve and the fixed part; the drawing device also comprises a right-angled movable rod, a transverse rod of the movable rod penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the front end of the transverse rod is fixedly connected with a drawing pen, and the tail end of a vertical rod of the movable rod is in an arc shape and is positioned in a trigger inclined chute;

The model fixing device is composed of a support, a screw and a fixing piece, wherein the upper end of the support is provided with a through hole with threads, the screw matched with the through hole penetrates through the through hole, and one end of the screw close to the model base is fixedly connected with the fixing piece;

3 groups of sliding grooves are arranged on the base, and laser positioning lamps capable of sliding along the sliding grooves are arranged in the sliding grooves;

the laser positioning lamp consists of a laser lamp, a folding rod and a threaded cross rod, wherein a nut is arranged at one end of the threaded cross rod, which extends out of the base, and the laser positioning lamp is fixed on the base by screwing the nut;

preferably, the periphery of the drawing board frame is provided with an upward edge, a drawing board is placed in the edge, and a through hole is formed in the middle of the drawing board frame;

the connecting line of the front end point of the lower tracing pen and the front end point of the upper tracing pen is vertical to the horizontal plane;

the drawing board is a transparent plastic board;

2) taking one trimmed patient oral cavity model, observing the model, and positioning the WALA ridge point of each tooth on the model by using a marker pen; marking the first molar or the second molar from one side, and marking one by one until the first molar or the second molar from the other side to obtain each marking point;

3) placing the oral cavity model on a model base of an oral cavity model surveying and mapping device, adjusting a model fixing device according to the thickness of gypsum at the bottom of the model, and firmly attaching fixing pieces at the front ends of screws to two sides of the oral cavity model by screwing the screws so as to firmly fix the oral cavity model on the model base;

4) Opening three laser positioning lamps on the base, adjusting the height of the model base adjusting device and adjusting the position of the model base limiting ball in the model base adjusting device to enable the projection of light emitted by the laser positioning lamps on the model to be respectively aligned with the left marking point, the right marking point and the front marking point, and then screwing the tightening piece to enable the model base limiting ball not to rotate any more; folding the laser positioning lamp downwards; the left marking point is a WALA ridge point of a first left molar, the right marking point is a WALA ridge point of a first right molar, and the front marking point is a middle point of the WALA ridge points of the left and right middle incisors;

5) placing a drawing board in a drawing board frame;

6) holding the lower tracing pen handle by the right hand, fastening the trigger, applying force to the lower tracing pen handle by the right hand to drive the movable rod, so that the upper tracing pen is placed above the drawing board and leaves the drawing board, aligning the lower tracing pen with each marking point drawn on the model one by one, and after accurate positioning, loosening the trigger to enable the upper tracing pen to leave marks on the drawing board; continuously fastening the trigger, and continuously describing the next marking point according to the method until all the marking points on the model are transferred to the drawing board;

7) and taking out the drawing board, and connecting the mark points into an arch line, namely the base bone arch line of the model.

A method for accurately describing a dental arch curve is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:

1) preparing an oral cavity model mapping device;

2) taking one trimmed patient oral cavity model, positioning the outline high point of each tooth on the model by using a marking pen, marking the first molar or the second molar on one side one by one until the first molar or the second molar on the other side to obtain each marking point;

4) turning on three laser positioning lamps on the base, adjusting the height of the model base adjusting device and adjusting the position of the model base limiting ball in the model base adjusting device to enable the projection of light emitted by the laser positioning lamps on the model to be respectively aligned with the left marking point, the right marking point and the front marking point, and then screwing down the tightening piece to enable the model base limiting ball not to rotate any more; folding the laser positioning lamp downwards; the left marking point is a WALA ridge point of the first left molar, the right marking point is a WALA ridge point of the first right molar, and the front marking point is a middle point of the WALA ridge point of the left and right middle incisors;

5) Placing a drawing board in a drawing board frame;

7) and taking out the drawing board, and connecting the mark points into an arch line to obtain the dental arch curve of the model.

Foretell oral cavity model mapping device, design benefit, convenient to use, the function is diversified to have following beneficial effect: (1) before correction, the device is used for positioning each WALA ridge point on the oral cavity model, the WALA ridge points can be transferred onto a drawing board by using an upper drawing pen and a lower drawing pen, and the connection of each marking point draws an arch curve representing the arch shape of the bone; the external high points of the dental crowns in the two-side back dental areas are positioned by using the lower tracing pen, the external high points of the dental crowns in the two-side back dental areas can be transferred to the plastic transparent plate by using the upper tracing pen and the lower tracing pen, the distance from the external high points of the dental crowns to the arch-shaped line of the abutment is measured on the plastic transparent plate, the size of the arch expansion of the back dental areas can be accurately predicted, and whether the arch expansion of the back dental areas is symmetrical expansion on the left side and the right side or asymmetrical expansion is determined; the method can accurately calculate the dentition clearance brought by the arch expansion, and has important reference significance for the patient with crowded dentition to decide whether the clearance is provided by tooth extraction. Has important significance for the auxiliary design of the later orthodontic treatment. (2) Before correction, the device is used for positioning each WALA ridge point on an oral cavity model, upper and lower tracing pens are used for transferring the WALA ridge points to a drawing board, all mark points are connected to draw an arch curve representing the arch shape of a base bone, then according to the requirement of an ideal arch line, the arch shape is that a second tooth grinding area is 2.2mm in the arch line of the base bone, teeth of a first tooth grinding area are 2.0mm in the arch line of the base bone, teeth of a second double-cusped area are 1.3mm in the arch line of the base bone, a first double-cusped area is 0.8mm in the arch line of the base bone, an anterior tooth area is matched with the arch shape of the base bone, so that an arch line which is designed according to the form of the base bone can be drawn, a doctor can bend from thin to thick according to the arch line in advance, all patients from soft to hard need arch wires, and the clinical operation time of the patients during diagnosis is saved. Comprises a series of arch wires which are used in the oral cavity of a patient, such as 0.012, 0.014, 0.016 and 0.018 inch nickel-titanium round wires, 0.016 and 0.018 inch stainless steel round wires, 0.016 and 0.022, 0.017 and 0.022, 0.019 and 0.022, 0.020 and 0.022, 0.016 and 0.025, 0.017 and 0.025, 0.018 and 0.025, 0.019 and 0.020 and 0.025 inch nickel-titanium square wires. (3) In the later stage of orthodontic treatment, an oral cavity model of a patient is taken, after the model is corrected, a dental arch curve is drawn along the outline high points of all teeth, and the dental arch curve is compared with the base bone arch shape drawn before treatment to judge whether the dental arch shape is ideal or not, so that reference is provided for later-stage fine adjustment. After orthodontic treatment is finished, the final oral model of a patient is taken, a dental arch curve is drawn along the outline high points of each tooth, and compared with the drawn basic bone arch shape before treatment, whether the dental arch shape is ideal or not can be accurately judged, so that the method is used for researching whether orthodontic treatment design is reasonable or not and providing reference for clinical orthodontic treatment. (4) The device can be used for analyzing other data of the oral cavity model, such as the length of each dental arch segment which can be drawn on a drawing board in a segmented mode, the width between the left and right teeth on the model, the length of the front and back of the dental arch, the width of the basic bone arch in each dental segment and the like.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oral cavity model mapping device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the apparatus for measuring and mapping an oral cavity model according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a drawing board;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a laser positioning lamp;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the mold fixture;

in the figure: 1-a base; 2-a model base; 2-1-a model retention seat; 2-2-model base; 3-picture frame; 4-a pillar; 5-a delineating means; 5-1-pen drawing; 5-2-tracing with a pen; 5-3-trigger; 5-4-tracing a rod; 5-5-a fixing piece; 5-6-a movable rod; 5-7-shaft sleeve; 6-a linkage arrangement; 7-a mold fixture; 7-1-support; 7-2-screw; 7-3-a fixing sheet; 8-a mold base adjustment device; 8-1-fastener; 8-2-height adjustment sleeve; 8-3-up and down adjusting rod; 9-a model seat limiting ball; 10-laser positioning lamp; 10-1-laser light; 10-2-folding bar; 10-3-threaded cross-bar; 11-a chute; 12-a nut.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples.

Example 1

The invention designs an oral cavity model mapping device, which mainly comprises a base 1, a model base 2, a drawing board frame 3, a support 4, a drawing device 5 and a connecting rod device 6, wherein: the lower end of the pillar 4 is fixedly connected to the base 1; the middle part of the strut 4 is fixedly connected with a drawing board frame 3, the periphery of the drawing board frame 3 is provided with an upward edge, a drawing board matched with the edge is placed in the edge, and the middle part of the drawing board frame is provided with a through hole for taking out the drawing board conveniently; the upper end of the pillar 4 is provided with a connecting rod device 6 which is movably connected with the pillar 4, and the connecting rod device 6 can rotate around the pillar 4; the other end of the link device 6 is connected to the drawing device 5.

The middle part of the base 1 is provided with a model seat adjusting device 8; a model seat 2 for placing and fixing the oral cavity model is arranged above the model seat adjusting device. In order to conveniently and stably place the oral cavity model on the model base 2, the model base designed by the invention has a two-layer structure, the lower part is large and the upper part is small, the lower layer is a model fixing base 2-1, and the upper layer is a model base 2-2; a model fixing device 7 is respectively arranged on the upper plane of the model fixing seat 2-1 and close to the two sides; the oral cavity model is placed on the model base 2-2, and is fixed on the model base through the model fixing device after being adjusted to a proper position. The model fixing device 7 may be structured as follows: the device comprises a support 7-1, a screw 7-2 and a fixing piece 7-3, wherein the upper end of the support is provided with a through hole with threads, the screw matched with the through hole penetrates through the through hole, and one end of the screw close to a model base is fixedly connected with the fixing piece.

The model base adjusting device is preferably of a structure that the model base adjusting device 8 is composed of a height adjusting sleeve 8-2 and an upper and lower adjusting rod 8-3 with external threads; the middle part of the height adjusting sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped partition plate, the inner side of the height adjusting sleeve positioned below the arc-shaped partition plate is provided with an internal thread, and the internal thread is matched with the external thread of the upper adjusting rod and the lower adjusting rod; the lower part of the model seat 2 is provided with a model seat limiting ball 9 which can rotate in the arc-shaped partition plate, the oral cavity model placed on the model seat is horizontally arranged by adjusting the position of the model seat limiting ball in the arc-shaped partition plate, and then the tightening piece 8-1 is tightened to fix the model seat limiting ball 9 in the arc-shaped partition plate.

The drawing device designed by the invention mainly comprises a drawing rod 5-4, wherein the lower end of the drawing rod is provided with a lower drawing pen 5-1 for positioning each surveying and mapping point on the oral cavity model, and the middle part of the drawing rod is provided with an upper drawing pen 5-2 for drawing each surveying and mapping point on the oral cavity model onto a drawing board. For more convenient operation and better depicting effect, the depicting apparatus 5 preferably has the following scheme: the structure of the rear end of the lower tracing pen is used for reference, namely, the rear part of the lower tracing pen is provided with a trigger 5-3, the front end is conical, the middle part is provided with an insertion hole for inserting the lower end of the tracing rod, and the bottom of the insertion hole is provided with a compression spring; in order to realize that the upper tracing pen 5-2 is not contacted with the drawing board when the tracing device 5 is moved, the upper surface of the trigger 5-3 designed by the invention is an inclined plane, namely has a certain gradient, and the inclined plane is provided with a sliding chute which is sunken downwards; the movable rod consists of a transverse rod and a vertical rod which are mutually perpendicular and form a right angle; because the movable rod needs to slide up and down a little along the drawing rod 5-4, the invention arranges a fixed part 5-5 fixedly connected with the drawing rod in the middle of the drawing rod, arranges a shaft sleeve 5-7 capable of moving up and down along the drawing rod in the middle of the drawing rod, and arranges a spring between the shaft sleeve and the fixed part (the spring is in a contraction state when not stressed); the transverse rod of the movable rod penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the front end of the transverse rod is fixedly connected with an upper tracing pen 5-2, and the tail end of the vertical rod of the movable rod is arc-shaped and is positioned in the inclined chute of the trigger. The upper end of the drawing rod 5-4 is connected with a connecting rod device 6. The link device 6 is mainly composed of a left connector, a right connector and a middle link. In order to ensure that the mapping points on the oral cavity model are accurately transferred to the drawing board, a connecting line of a front end point P of the lower tracing pen 5-1 and a front end point C of the upper tracing pen 5-2 is vertical to a horizontal plane.

When the trigger is fastened, the rear end of the inclined plane of the trigger is lifted upwards, the vertical rod of the movable rod moves upwards in the sliding groove due to the fact that the rear end of the inclined plane is lifted upwards, the horizontal rod and the shaft sleeve are driven to move upwards, and the upper tracing pen is far away from the drawing board and does not contact with the drawing board; when the trigger is lowered, the upper tracing pen contacts the drawing board for tracing the mapping points (such as WALA ridge points) on the drawing board.

In order to ensure the placement level of the oral cavity model, the invention designs the laser positioning lamp 10, and the lower end of the laser positioning lamp 10 is connected with the base and can slide on the base, therefore, the invention arranges 3 groups of sliding grooves 11 on the base 1 of the multifunctional oral cavity model surveying and mapping device, and the laser positioning lamp 10 which can slide along the sliding grooves is respectively arranged in each group of sliding grooves. The laser positioning lamp 10 is composed of a laser lamp 10-1, a folding rod 10-2 and a threaded cross rod 10-3, a nut 12 is arranged at one end of the threaded cross rod 10-3, which extends out of the base, and the laser positioning lamp 10 is fixed on the base by screwing the nut 12. When the device is used, the projections of the light emitted by the laser lamp on the oral cavity model are respectively aligned with the left marking point, the right marking point and the front marking point, wherein the left marking point is aligned with the WALA ridge point of the first molar on the left side, the right marking point is aligned with the WALA ridge point of the first molar on the left side, and the front marking point is aligned with the middle point of the WALA ridge points of the left and right middle incisors. After the oral cavity model is adjusted and fixed, the folding rod 10-2 can be folded downwards to facilitate mapping operation.

Example 2

The method for depicting the bone arch wire comprises the following steps:

1) taking one trimmed patient oral cavity model, observing the model, and positioning the WALA ridge point of each tooth on the model by using a marker pen; marking the first molar on one side, and marking the first molar one by one until the first molar on the other side to obtain each marking point;

2) placing an oral cavity model on a model base 2-2 of an oral cavity model surveying and mapping device, adjusting a model fixing device 7 according to the thickness of gypsum at the bottom of the model, and firmly attaching a fixing piece 7-3 at the front end of a screw to two sides of the oral cavity model by screwing the screw 7-2 so as to firmly fix the oral cavity model on the model base 2-2;

3) turning on three laser positioning lamps 10 on the base, adjusting the height of the model base adjusting device 8 and adjusting the position of the model base limiting ball 9 in the model base adjusting device to enable the projection of light emitted by the laser positioning lamps 10 on the model to be respectively aligned with the left mark point, the right mark point and the front mark point, and then screwing the tightening piece 8-1 to enable the model base limiting ball 9 not to rotate any more; folding the laser positioning lamp downwards; the left marker point is the WALA ridge point of the first left molar, the right marker point is the WALA ridge point of the first right molar, and the front marker point is the midpoint of the WALA ridge points of the left and right incisor teeth;

4) Placing a drawing board in a drawing board frame;

5) holding a lower tracing pen 5-1 handle by a right hand, fastening a trigger 5-3, applying force to the lower tracing pen handle through the right hand to drive a movable rod 5-6, so that the upper tracing pen is placed above the drawing board and leaves the drawing board, aligning the lower tracing pen with each marking point drawn on the model one by one, and after accurate positioning, loosening the trigger to enable the upper tracing pen 5-2 to leave marks on the drawing board; continuously fastening the trigger, and continuously describing the next mark point according to the method until all the mark points on the model are transferred to the drawing board;

6) taking out the drawing board, and connecting the mark points into an arch line, namely the base bone arch line of the model;

7) according to the ideal dental arch curve theory, namely the ideal dental arch shape is that teeth in the second molar area are 2.2mm in the bone arch line, teeth in the first molar area are 2.0mm in the bone arch line, teeth in the second bicuspid area are 1.3mm in the bone arch line, teeth in the first bicuspid area are 0.8mm in the bone arch line, and the anterior teeth area is matched with the bone arch. Thereby tracing an ideal dental arch line.

Example 3

The description of the dental arch line comprises the following operation methods:

1) taking one trimmed oral cavity model of a patient, wherein the model can be an original model of the patient before orthodontic treatment or a final model of the patient during orthodontic treatment or after orthodontic treatment, selecting according to clinical treatment requirements, observing the model, positioning an outline high point of each tooth on the model by using a marker pen, marking the tooth from a first molar or a second molar on one side one by one until the tooth on the other side is the first molar or the second molar;

2) Placing the oral cavity model on a model base 2-2 of the oral cavity model surveying and mapping device, adjusting a model fixing device 7 according to the thickness of gypsum at the bottom of the model, and firmly attaching a fixing piece 7-3 at the front end of a screw to two sides of the oral cavity model by screwing the screw 7-2 so as to firmly fix the oral cavity model on the model base 2-2;

3) opening three laser positioning lamps 10 on the base, adjusting the height of a model seat adjusting device 8 and adjusting the position of a model seat limiting ball 9 in the model seat adjusting device to enable the projection of light emitted by the laser positioning lamps 10 on a model to be respectively aligned with a left mark point, a right mark point and a front mark point, and then screwing a tightening piece 8-1 to enable the model seat limiting ball 9 not to rotate any more; folding the laser positioning lamp downwards; the left mark point is the WALA ridge point of the first molar on the left side, the right mark point is the WALA ridge point of the first molar on the right side, and the front mark point is the middle point of the WALA ridge points of the left and right incisors;

4) placing a drawing board in a drawing board frame;

5) holding a lower tracing pen 5-1 handle by a right hand, fastening a trigger 5-3, applying force to the lower tracing pen handle by the right hand to drive a movable rod 5-6, so that the upper tracing pen is placed above the drawing board and leaves the drawing board, aligning the lower tracing pen with each marking point drawn on the model one by one, and after accurate positioning, loosening the trigger to enable the upper tracing pen 5-2 to leave marks on the drawing board; continuously fastening the trigger, and continuously describing the next mark point according to the method until all the mark points on the model are transferred to the drawing board;

6) And taking out the drawing board, and connecting the mark points into an arch line to obtain the dental arch curve of the model.

The first condition is as follows: if we transfer the arches mark points i.e. the WALA ridge point and the crown shape high point mark points to the drawing board using the original model, then a measuring ruler can be used on the drawing board to measure the distance from the WALA ridge point to the crown outline high point, the ideal distance value of the base bone of the tooth position and the crown outline high point is subtracted from the distance to obtain the ideal expansion arch amount of the tooth position (the ideal distance value is that the second molar crown outline high point is 2.2mm in the base bone arch line, the first molar crown outline high point is 2.0mm in the base bone arch line, the second bicuspid crown outline high point is 1.3mm in the base bone arch line, the first bicuspid crown outline high point is 0.8mm in the base bone arch line, the anterior tooth area is matched with the base bone arch shape, the lower part is the same), the expansion of the dental arch can bring clearance for the dentition, and by accurately calculating the dentition clearance brought by the expansion of the dental arch, it is of great reference to a patient with crowded dentitions to decide whether it is necessary to provide clearance by tooth extraction. Has important significance for the auxiliary design of the later orthodontic treatment.

Case two: if the basic arch mark points, namely the WALA ridge point and the crown outline high point mark points, are transferred to the drawing board by using the oral cavity model after treatment, the distance from the WALA ridge point to the crown outline high point can be measured by using a measuring ruler on the drawing board, and the distance is compared with an ideal distance value between the basic bone of the tooth position and the crown outline high point, so that whether each tooth position is at a reasonable position of the basic bone after orthodontic treatment can be evaluated for evaluating the orthodontic treatment effect.

Claims

1. A method for accurately tracing an arch line of a bone, which is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:

1) preparing an oral cavity model mapping device;

the oral cavity model surveying and mapping device mainly comprises a base (1) and a pillar (4) fixedly connected with the base (1), wherein a model base adjusting device (8) is arranged in the middle of the base (1); a model seat (2) for placing and fixing the oral cavity model is arranged above the model seat adjusting device (8); a drawing board frame (3) fixed on the support is arranged above the model base (2), and a drawing board matched with the drawing board frame (3) is arranged in the drawing board frame (3); the upper end of the support is also provided with a connecting rod device (6) movably connected with the support; the other end of the connecting rod device (6) is provided with a drawing device (5); the drawing device mainly comprises a drawing rod (5-4), a lower drawing pen (5-1) used for positioning each mapping point on the oral cavity model is arranged at the lower end of the drawing rod, and an upper drawing pen (5-2) used for drawing each mapping point on the oral cavity model onto a drawing board is arranged in the middle of the drawing rod;

the model seat adjusting device (8) is composed of a tightening piece (8-1), a height adjusting sleeve (8-2) and an upper adjusting rod and a lower adjusting rod (8-3) which are provided with external threads; the middle part of the height adjusting sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped partition plate, and the inner side of the height adjusting sleeve positioned below the arc-shaped partition plate is provided with internal threads which are matched with the external threads of the upper adjusting rod and the lower adjusting rod;

A model seat limiting ball (9) is arranged below the model seat (2), and the model seat adjusting device are matched with the arc-shaped partition plate through the model seat limiting ball to realize rotating connection;

the model seat (2) comprises a model fixing seat (2-1) and a model base (2-2) above the model fixing seat; two sides of the plane on the model fixing seat (2-1) are respectively provided with a model fixing device (7); the oral cavity model is placed on the model base, and is fixed on the model base through the model fixing device after being adjusted to a proper position; the front end of a lower tracing pen of the tracing device is conical, the middle part of the lower tracing pen is provided with an insertion hole for inserting the lower end of a tracing rod, a compression spring is arranged in the insertion hole, the rear part of the lower tracing pen is provided with a trigger (5-3), the upper surface of the trigger (5-3) is an inclined plane, and the inclined plane is provided with a sliding chute which is sunken downwards; the upper end of the tracing rod (5-4) is connected with the connecting rod device (6), the middle part of the tracing rod is provided with a fixed part (5-5) fixedly connected with the tracing rod, the middle part of the tracing rod is also provided with a shaft sleeve (5-7) movably connected with the tracing rod, and a spring is arranged between the shaft sleeve and the fixed part; the drawing device also comprises a right-angled movable rod (5-6), a transverse rod of the movable rod penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the front end of the movable rod is fixedly connected with a drawing pen (5-2), and the tail end of a vertical rod of the movable rod is arc-shaped and is positioned in a trigger inclined plane sliding groove;

The model fixing device (7) consists of a support (7-1), a screw (7-2) and a fixing piece (7-3), wherein the upper end of the support is provided with a through hole with threads, the screw matched with the through hole penetrates through the through hole, and one end of the screw close to the model base is fixedly connected with the fixing piece;

3 groups of sliding grooves (11) are arranged on the base (1), and laser positioning lamps (10) capable of sliding along the sliding grooves are arranged in the sliding grooves;

the laser positioning lamp (10) consists of a laser lamp (10-1), a folding rod (10-2) and a threaded cross rod (10-3), a nut (12) is arranged at one end of the threaded cross rod (10-3) extending out of the base, and the laser positioning lamp (10) is fixed on the base by screwing the nut (12);

3) placing the oral cavity model on a model base (2-2) of the oral cavity model surveying and mapping device, adjusting a model fixing device (7) according to the thickness of gypsum at the bottom of the model, and firmly attaching a fixing piece (7-3) at the front end of a screw to two sides of the oral cavity model by screwing the screw (7-2) so as to firmly fix the oral cavity model on the model base (2-2);

4) Three laser positioning lamps (10) on the base are turned on, the height of the model base adjusting device (8) is adjusted, the position of the model base limiting ball (9) in the model base adjusting device is adjusted, the projection of light emitted by the laser positioning lamps (10) on the model is respectively aligned with the left mark point, the right mark point and the front mark point, and then the tightening piece (8-1) is tightened to prevent the model base limiting ball (9) from rotating; folding the laser positioning lamp downwards; the left mark point is the WALA ridge point of the first molar on the left side, the right mark point is the WALA ridge point of the first molar on the right side, and the front mark point is the middle point of the WALA ridge points of the left and right incisors;

5) placing a drawing board in a drawing board frame;

6) a lower tracing pen (5-1) handle is held by a right hand, a trigger (5-3) is fastened, force is applied to the lower tracing pen handle through the right hand to drive a movable rod (5-6), so that the upper tracing pen is placed above the drawing board and leaves the drawing board, the lower tracing pen is aligned to each marking point drawn on the model one by one, and after accurate positioning is carried out, the trigger is loosened to enable the upper tracing pen (5-2) to leave marks on the drawing board; continuously fastening the trigger, and continuously describing the next marking point according to the method until all the marking points on the model are transferred to the drawing board;

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the drawing board frame (3) periphery is equipped with ascending border, is used for placing the drawing board in the border, and the drawing board frame middle part is equipped with the through-hole.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the connecting line of the front end point of the lower tracing pen (5-1) and the front end point of the upper tracing pen (5-2) is vertical to the horizontal plane.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the drawing board is a transparent plastic board.

5. A method for accurately describing a dental arch curve is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:

1) preparing an oral cavity model mapping device;

The model seat adjusting device (8) is composed of a tightening piece (8-1), a height adjusting sleeve (8-2) and an upper adjusting rod and a lower adjusting rod (8-3) which are provided with external threads; the middle part of the height adjusting sleeve is provided with an arc-shaped partition plate, and the inner side of the height adjusting sleeve positioned below the arc-shaped partition plate is provided with an internal thread which is matched with the external thread of the upper adjusting rod and the lower adjusting rod;

the model seat (2) comprises a model fixing seat (2-1) and a model base (2-2) above the model fixing seat; two model fixing devices (7) are respectively arranged at two sides of the plane on the model fixing seat (2-1); the oral cavity model is placed on the model base, and is fixed on the model base through the model fixing device after being adjusted to a proper position; the front end of a lower tracing pen of the tracing device is conical, the middle part of the lower tracing pen is provided with an insertion hole for inserting the lower end of a tracing rod, a compression spring is arranged in the insertion hole, the rear part of the lower tracing pen is provided with a trigger (5-3), the upper surface of the trigger (5-3) is an inclined plane, and the inclined plane is provided with a sliding chute which is sunken downwards; the upper end of the tracing rod (5-4) is connected with the connecting rod device (6), the middle part of the tracing rod is provided with a fixed part (5-5) fixedly connected with the tracing rod, the middle part of the tracing rod is also provided with a shaft sleeve (5-7) movably connected with the tracing rod, and a spring is arranged between the shaft sleeve and the fixed part; the drawing device also comprises a right-angled movable rod (5-6), a transverse rod of the movable rod penetrates through the shaft sleeve, the front end of the movable rod is fixedly connected with a drawing pen (5-2), and the tail end of a vertical rod of the movable rod is arc-shaped and is positioned in a trigger inclined plane sliding groove;

The model fixing device (7) is composed of a support (7-1), a screw (7-2) and a fixing piece (7-3), the upper end of the support is provided with a through hole with threads, the screw matched with the through hole penetrates through the through hole, and one end of the screw close to the model base is fixedly connected with the fixing piece;

2) taking one trimmed patient oral cavity model, positioning each tooth outline high point on the model by using a marker pen, marking the model from the first molar or the second molar on one side, marking one by one until the first molar or the second molar on the other side to obtain each mark point;

5) placing a drawing board in a drawing board frame;

6) a lower tracing pen (5-1) handle is held by a right hand, a trigger (5-3) is fastened, force is applied to the lower tracing pen handle through the right hand to drive a movable rod (5-6), so that the upper tracing pen is placed above the drawing board and leaves the drawing board, the lower tracing pen is aligned to each marking point drawn on the model one by one, and after accurate positioning is carried out, the trigger is loosened to enable the upper tracing pen (5-2) to leave marks on the drawing board; continuously fastening the trigger, and continuously describing the next mark point according to the method until all the mark points on the model are transferred to the drawing board;