CN107111987B - The sub-pixel of display with controllable visual angle - Google Patents

The sub-pixel of display with controllable visual angle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107111987B
CN107111987B CN201580070120.1A CN201580070120A CN107111987B CN 107111987 B CN107111987 B CN 107111987B CN 201580070120 A CN201580070120 A CN 201580070120A CN 107111987 B CN107111987 B CN 107111987B
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display
light
sub
pixel
light emitting
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CN107111987A (en
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帕德里克·休斯
约瑟夫·奥基夫
威廉·亨利
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Meta Platforms Technologies LLC
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Facebook Technologies LLC
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
    • G09G3/20—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters
    • G09G3/22—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources
    • G09G3/30—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels
    • G09G3/32—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes for presentation of an assembly of a number of characters, e.g. a page, by composing the assembly by combination of individual elements arranged in a matrix no fixed position being assigned to or needed to be assigned to the individual characters or partial characters using controlled light sources using electroluminescent panels semiconductive, e.g. using light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/35—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels
    • H10K59/351—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising red-green-blue [RGB] subpixels comprising more than three subpixels, e.g. red-green-blue-white [RGBW]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/03—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes
    • H01L25/04—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers
    • H01L25/075—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00
    • H01L25/0753—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof all the devices being of a type provided for in the same subgroup of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. assemblies of rectifier diodes the devices not having separate containers the devices being of a type provided for in group H01L33/00 the devices being arranged next to each other
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    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/90—Assemblies of multiple devices comprising at least one organic light-emitting element
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/04—Structural and physical details of display devices
    • G09G2300/0439—Pixel structures
    • G09G2300/0452—Details of colour pixel setup, e.g. pixel composed of a red, a blue and two green components
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/06—Passive matrix structure, i.e. with direct application of both column and row voltages to the light emitting or modulating elements, other than LCD or OLED
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2300/00—Aspects of the constitution of display devices
    • G09G2300/08—Active matrix structure, i.e. with use of active elements, inclusive of non-linear two terminal elements, in the pixels together with light emitting or modulating elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/0626—Adjustment of display parameters for control of overall brightness
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2320/00—Control of display operating conditions
    • G09G2320/06—Adjustment of display parameters
    • G09G2320/068—Adjustment of display parameters for control of viewing angle adjustment
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2330/00—Aspects of power supply; Aspects of display protection and defect management
    • G09G2330/02—Details of power systems and of start or stop of display operation
    • G09G2330/021—Power management, e.g. power saving
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2354/00—Aspects of interface with display user
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2358/00—Arrangements for display data security
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
    • G09G—ARRANGEMENTS OR CIRCUITS FOR CONTROL OF INDICATING DEVICES USING STATIC MEANS TO PRESENT VARIABLE INFORMATION
    • G09G2360/00—Aspects of the architecture of display systems
    • G09G2360/14—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors
    • G09G2360/144—Detecting light within display terminals, e.g. using a single or a plurality of photosensors the light being ambient light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L25/00—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof
    • H01L25/16—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits
    • H01L25/167—Assemblies consisting of a plurality of individual semiconductor or other solid state devices ; Multistep manufacturing processes thereof the devices being of types provided for in two or more different main groups of groups H01L27/00 - H01L33/00, or in a single subclass of H10K, H10N, e.g. forming hybrid circuits comprising optoelectronic devices, e.g. LED, photodiodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L27/00—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate
    • H01L27/02—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers
    • H01L27/12—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body
    • H01L27/1214—Devices consisting of a plurality of semiconductor or other solid-state components formed in or on a common substrate including semiconductor components specially adapted for rectifying, oscillating, amplifying or switching and having potential barriers; including integrated passive circuit elements having potential barriers the substrate being other than a semiconductor body, e.g. an insulating body comprising a plurality of TFTs formed on a non-semiconducting substrate, e.g. driving circuits for AMLCDs
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/10—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a light reflecting structure, e.g. semiconductor Bragg reflector
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/02—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies
    • H01L33/20—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor bodies with a particular shape, e.g. curved or truncated substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L33/00—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L33/48—Semiconductor devices having potential barriers specially adapted for light emission; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by the semiconductor body packages
    • H01L33/58—Optical field-shaping elements
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    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K50/858—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/875—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
    • H10K59/879—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising refractive means, e.g. lenses

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  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Control Of Indicators Other Than Cathode Ray Tubes (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Led Device Packages (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)
  • Control Of El Displays (AREA)
  • Led Devices (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Liquid Crystal Display Device Control (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of sub-pixel for light-emitting diode display, sub-pixel include the first light emitting device with the first transmitting beam angle and the second light emitting device with the second transmitting beam angle, and the second transmitting beam angle is different from the first transmitting beam angle.Also describe the display using multiple sub-pixels.

Description

The sub-pixel of display with controllable visual angle
Technical field
The present invention relates to display and it is related to the pixel and sub-pixel of optical display.
Background technique
The display technology that one kind being known as ILED (inorganic light-emitting diode) display is more well-known LCD (liquid crystal Display) and OLED (Organic Light Emitting Diode) display alternative solution.Since the display sub-pixel of ILED display is base In ILED light source, so ILED display does not have many negative characteristics of LCD or OLED display, and there is such device All advantages.This generates a kind of display, the display have the characteristics that than OLED type virtual display unit better performance and The intrinsic robustness of ILED technology, long-life and stability.
ILED device can be controlled and driven via certain methods.The example of drive scheme includes being mounted on device to be incorporated to On the active matrix of thin film technique (TFT).TFT includes metal oxide and the transistor based on amorphous silicon.The active matrix Referred to as bottom plate.ILED device is electric current driving, and therefore compatible with OLED type TFT driver.Other methods include using The encapsulation of passive matrix drive device or light source and monolithic driving circuit.
The current prior art includes forming the arrangement of R, G and B display sub-pixel of single display pixel.It is being used for ILED In the Typical Disposition of display, by R, G to provide necessary light for each pixel of display together with B packing chip.? In the example, each R, G and B chip has one emitter region of each chip, or more generally, and the entire active area of chip shines It penetrates to emit light.These are known as unit piece chip (SEC).
In the efficient performance of ILED device, it is essential that the light extraction of the maximum amount of generation of LED material is arrived Ambient enviroment.In most cases, this leads to light separating device in a random basis.The light extracted in this way can be shown The lambert (Lambertian) for being 60 ° with half maximum value of half width emits profile.It can also be effective with relatively narrow beam profile Extract light in ground.It can be seen that identical example in US7518149.
When using ILED device in ILED escope, the visual angle of display is greatly by the transmitting wheel of ILED device Exterior feature determines.Each layer (such as touch screen, circular polarisers, coverslip etc.) in display stacking will have influence, but the influence It is so big firing angle will not to be originated as before.
In typical display product, very narrow visual angle is undesirable and has the shortcomings that many.Example includes Multiple viewers cannot watch screen simultaneously, and screen cannot be rapidly watched in the case where not being moved into optimum position Curtain.Narrow viewing angle is beneficial in the application that such as secret is shown.
Standard indicator has wide viewing angle due to the above reasons,.In fact, the display with wide viewing angle is considered as important Attraction.However, light quantity needed for display is noticeably greater than the display with narrow viewing angle on wide angle.In fact, firstly, view Angle is directly related with the power consumption of display.Since display is the main source of power consumption, so to excellent display Require two completely different requirements: wide viewing angle and minimal power consumption.
The visual angle of display is one of most important feature.Most counting apparatus needs wide viewing angle-especially if more than one Individual periodically watches them.However, it is necessary to generate the increase that light guide causes power consumption in the angle of wide scope.
Summary of the invention
ILED display is made of ILED element arrays.To a certain extent, the visual angle of display depends on ILED element The angle of departure.For identical light output, wide viewing angle needs more power than narrow viewing angle.However, narrow viewing angle commercial appeal It is lower.By using tool there are two the ILED element of the different angles of departure, the visual angle of display can be dynamically changed.This will be mentioned For the visual angle with commercial appeal and the display that can be driven with the effective mode of very power.
According in a first aspect, it provides the sub-pixel of light-emitting diode display, sub-pixel includes having the first transmitting beam angle First light emitting device and the second light emitting device for emitting beam angle with second, the second transmitting beam angle and the first transmitting beam angle It is different.
First light emitting device and the second light emitting device can be configured as selective operation, the light emitting for display The adjusting of profile.The light emittance profile of display may include the visual angle of display.
Alternatively, the first light emitting device and second is selected to shine from any one of LED, inorganic LED and organic LED Device.
Alternatively, the first light emitting device is first unit part chip and the second light emitting device is second unit part core Piece.Alternatively, the first light emitting device is the first addressable array element on addressable array chip, and the second light emitting device It is the second addressable array element on addressable array chip.
Alternatively, the first transmitting beam angle and the second transmitting beam angle are determined by any of following:
Coating；
Lens；
Surface texture；
Mesa shape；And
Contact.
Alternatively, the transmitting beam profile of any of the first light emitting device and second light emitting device is non-respectively to same Property.
According to second aspect, the display including multiple sub-pixels as described in above in the first aspect is provided.
Display optionally includes modifying layer overlaid on the monitor, and modifying layer is arranged to modification from multiple sub- pictures The light of element.
Display optionally includes control device, and control device is arranged to selectively control the son in multiple sub-pixels The irradiation of pixel.Optionally from any device for selection controlling in passive matrix and active matrix.Control device optionally into One step includes user input apparatus, and user input apparatus is configured as receiving and the desired light emitting from display from user The relevant input of profile.As further option, control device further comprises sensor, and sensor is configured as receiving defeated Enter, and control device is configured to respond to sensor input and adjusts the desired light emittance profile from display.As Further option, control device are configured as adjusting the desired light hair from display according to the quantity of the user of display Penetrate profile.As further option, control device is configured as according to the type adjustment of the content of display from display Desired light emittance profile.As further option, control device is configured as in orientation and orientation according to display Desired light emittance profile of any one adjusting from display.As further option, control device is configured as root The desired light emittance profile from display is adjusted according to environment light condition.
According to the third aspect, the method for control optical display is provided, optical display includes multiple sub- pictures Element, each sub-pixel in multiple sub-pixels include the first light emitting device with the first transmitting beam angle and have the second transmitting Second light emitting device of beam angle, the second transmitting beam angle is different from the first transmitting beam angle, and method includes selectively controlling To the power of the first light emitting device and the second light emitting device.
According to fourth aspect, computer installation is provided, computer installation includes:
Computer installation is connected to display and is configured as controlling the desired light from display by output end Emit profile；And
Processor is configured to determine that the desired light emittance profile from display, light emittance profile and display Sub-pixel transmitting beam angle it is related.
Alternatively, processor is arranged to selectively irradiate the second of the first light emitting device of sub-pixel and sub-pixel Light emitting device, the first light emitting device have the first transmitting beam angle, and the second light emitting device has the second transmitting beam angle, the second hair Irradiating light beam angle is different from the first transmitting beam angle.
According to the 5th aspect, the computer program including computer-readable code is provided, when it is in computer installation When upper operation, computer installation is made to determine the desired light emittance profile from display, the son of light emittance profile and display The transmitting beam angle of pixel is related.
According to the 6th aspect, computer program product is provided, computer program product includes computer-readable medium With computer program according to claim 20, wherein computer program may be stored on the computer-readable medium.
Alternatively, computer-readable medium is non-transitory computer-readable medium.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 schematically shows the display including multiple pixels；
Fig. 2 schematically shows the various parts of display；
Fig. 3 schematically shows the relationship between various ILED chip types；
Fig. 4 schematically shows illustrative ILED layout；
Fig. 5 is the ratio for showing irradiated area and the irradiated area for various illumination angles；
Fig. 6 shows illustrative micro- LED；
Fig. 7, which is schematically shown, shares addressable array element across multiple display pixels using addressable array chip；
Fig. 8 schematically shows the viewgraph of cross-section of the exemplary sub-pixel including two light emitting devices；And；
Fig. 9 schematically shows illustrative computer device with block diagram.
Figure 10 schematically shows the display pixel with the SEC using two angles of departure.
Specific embodiment
Following abbreviation and definition are used in the following description:
Light emitting diode (LED): the semiconductor device of light is generated when providing electrical bias appropriate.It should be noted that micro- LED (μ LED) is considered a type of LED.
Transmitter: any light emitting source, usually LED.It should be noted that μ LED can be transmitter and can only include μ A part of LED matrix.
LED chip: can produce light and from a piece of semiconductor material of semiconductor wafer list, in the semiconductor The chip semiconductor material is made on chip.
Single emitter chip (SEC): only with the LED chip of 1 emitting area (or transmitter).In general, entire chip It will irradiate, although can not be such case for μ LED.
Addressable array chip (AAC): there is the more than one different light generating region (transmitting that can be independently addressable Device) LED chip.
Addressable array element (AAE): the independent addressable emitter region (or transmitter) in addressable array chip.
Unaddressable array element (NAC): have cannot be separately addressed more than one different light generating region (or Transmitter) LED chip.
Display pixel: for creating the component of the display of whole image.Display pixel usually by can with independent control with Generate R, G and B sub-pixel groups of colors a series of at.
Display sub-pixel: the subregion of the display pixel of single color (usually R, G or B) is generally included.
Referring to Fig.1, display 100 is shown, display 100 includes with independent in each display sub-pixel 104 Single emitter chip multiple pixels 102.Each sub-pixel 104 can have two light emitting device (not shown in figure 1)s with If one in the light emitting device lower offer redundancy that breaks down.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the various parts of display.Display image 200 is made of display pixel 202, and is shown Pixel 202 is made of display sub-pixel (usual RBG) 204.
Fig. 3 schematically shows the relationship between various ILED chip types.As can be seen from Figure 3 LED chip 300 can To have at least three different types: addressable array chip 302 comprising multiple addressable array elements (or transmitter) 304；Unaddressable array chip 306 comprising the multiple array elements (or transmitter) 308 that cannot individually address；And SEC 310。
Display design is described, which designs design and assembling based on ILED chip, allow to dynamically Change the visual angle of display, and will allow to reduce power consumption of displays significantly when not needing wide viewing angle.
Display generally includes the big array-for the individual display components that can be selectively irradiated referring to Fig. 1. These components are referred to as display pixel.In multicolor display, lesser component relevant to different colors, which is referred to as, to be shown Sub-pixel.In general, these different colors are red, green and blue (R, G and B).
For LCD display, show that sub-pixel is generated by colour filter and liquid crystal optical device to be selected based on pixel status Allow to property the transmission of the light from white LCD backlight.It is independent based on pixel status elective irradiation in ILED display Addressable R, G and B ILED.Colour filter or liquid crystal are not needed.When the size or resolution ratio of display increase, the LED that needs The sum of chip increases.Illuminated pixel is selected by bottom plate.
As shown in figure 4, ILED display pixel 400 includes (being each referred to as display sub-pixel) R 402, G 404 and B Independent transmitting ILED device in 406.These are addressable array chip (AAC).In exemplary ILED display, from these The light that ILED device extracts is random, and can cause significantly to be lost in the light of capture, and with wide viewing angle Display is also such.Due in the mirror-reflection of interface or other optical effects, some light extracted from LED can be by It is trapped in display.These cause to reduce display efficiency and can also to increase pixel cross-talk or pixel fuzzy.
The transmitting light beam more collimated from the source ILED will reduce the degree of reflection and other pseudomorphisms.However, as described above, From the viewpoint of consumer, in some applications, such narrow viewing angle in display is less desirable.
In exemplary display, two ILED transmitter-tools are disposed at each display sub-pixel 402,404,406 There are a transmitter of angle pencil of ray profile and another transmitter with sharp beam delineation.It is opposite in each of these devices Driving current will greatly determine the visual angle of display.This will also determine power consumption.Specifically, reference green sub-pixels 404, Sub-pixel 404 includes two transmitters 408a, 408b.Two transmitters 408a, 408b can be located on single led device or It can be each located on different LED matrixs.Two transmitters 408a, 408b can be individually addressed, allow to connect hair One in emitter, simultaneously turn off another.May exist in each of red 402 and blue 406 sub-pixels similar Arrangement.Further, multiple remaining pixels (and in all remaining pixels of certain exemplary displays) can in display With same or similar sub-pixel arrangements.
Some illustrative methods and equipment include two be placed together the ILED element for each display sub-pixel The ability of lower power consumption or wide viewing angle is provided to realize performance benefit — that is, based on user's requirement and is provided to display The ability of privacy functions.In one embodiment, every kind respectively with different beam angles is used for each display sub-pixel The independent ILED chip of two of color.For such design, 4 contacts are needed for each ILED chip in sub-pixel； One p and n.
It is the general survey of ILED display pixel 400 shown in Fig. 4.Each display sub-pixel 402,404,406 includes at least One individual ILED transmitter.The sum of display pixel 400 and therefore show sub-pixel 402,404,406 sum by showing The size and resolution ratio of device determine.The example of the display format increasingly common for mobile phone is 1920 × 1080.At this In the format of sample, the sum of display pixel 400 is 2,073,600.The sum for showing sub-pixel 402,404,406 is 6,220, 800.For the ILED type of standard, it is assumed that a chip is used for each sub-pixel, therefore will have 6,220,800 individually lists Element chip.
As described above, some technologies are for maximizing the light extraction efficiency of ILED device.These technologies typically result in from Its light leaves the light of surface randomization.Although more commonly with it is anti-with height in five surfaces (front surface and four side surfaces) The back surface (it is installed to carrier) penetrated shares light, but the light so generated can fifty-fifty leave ILED in all directions Device.Overall beam profile from such device depends on escaping relative to the power escaped from front from device side Power.
In general, for example, the light from front will be 60 ° of Lambertian profile with full width half maximum.When In use, such device will generate 60 ° of visual angle first in ILED escope.The power generated from the side of ILED chip It can lead to loss or pixel cross-talk, because it is not projected from ILED chip directly, and therefore not directly from display emission. Overcome such problems illustrative methods include in ILED chip carrier substrates disposed thereon using reflection dike, for example, Patent application US20140159064.It is similarly in standard LED matrix use secondary encapsulation.These reflection dikes are integrated into A part of TFT panel manufacturing process.There are some ranges with beam angle/view of the design change sub-pixel based on reflection dike Angle.However, in fact, using the ability of reflection dike control beam angle by the limit for handling relevant manufacturing technology to TFT panel System.
In illustrative methods disclosed herein and equipment, measurement ILED it can be sent out on the chip of manufacture ILED transmitter The beam angle of emitter.This allow be using the relative perspective of the display of ILED device manufacturing it is predictable, this is unusable to work as Preceding method is realized.
In exemplary display, ILED device is assembled with display format, allows to require to change display based on user The visual angle of device.This can have multiple ILED devices of different transmitting beam profiles to realize by assembling in sub-pixel.Generally The certain methods for producing such component are stated.In exemplary display, use can be generated with well limiting, narrow And/or the ILED chip of the light of controllable beam angle, without secondary optics components.It is outlined in this way in US7518149 Device.
In an exemplary display, two ILED unit piece chips are used for each display sub-pixel.These ILED SEC will have the transmitting light beam corner contours different from each other well limited.For example, referring to Figure 10, an ILED SEC (type A) can have the beam angle of 60 ° (half maximum value of half width).Another (type B) can have 20 ° of beam angle. In the exemplary display 900 of Figure 10, each pixel 1002 includes multiple LED emitters in each sub-pixel 1006 1004a,1004b.First LED emitter 1004a is type A transmitter, and the second LED emitter 1004b is type B transmitting Device.First LED emitter 1004a has the angle of departure different from the second LED emitter 1004b.Two transmitter 1004a, 1004b is individually addressable, so that one in transmitter 1004a, 1004b can be shone when another is not illuminated It penetrates.In this way, display 1000 can be configured as using the first LED emitter 1004a or the second LED emitter 1004b.If using identical arrangement for multiple pixels (for example, all pixels) in display 1000, can pass through Switching changes the visual angle of display between sub-pixel emissive device 1004a, 1004b.It should be noted that although Figure 10, which is shown, to be had The two kinds of transmitter of different beam angles, but further types of transmitter can be used.
As the ILED SEC of display usage type A, then substantially upward angle of visibility will be 60 °.As the ILED of usage type B When SEC, visual angle will be 20 °.Use pattern B device, the power consumption of the display for target forward direction brightness is relative to type A The power consumption of device will significantly reduce.
It is comparison optical power needed for various visual angles shown in Fig. 5.Dress with 60 ° of angles of departure (half maximum value of half-breadth) The light than having the device of 20 ° of half-angles transmitting to need more 8 times or more is set, to provide the uniform of phase same level on its target area Irradiation.This is converted to more 8 times of power consumptions, or on the contrary, the display emitted using 20 ° of half-angles will consume few 8 times Power.Additionally, reduced visual angle limits the third party except visual angle and watches information shown over the display, to mention For increased safety.Further, for use the power identical compared with the power of low-light level compared with wide viewing angle, use is lower Visual angle setting allows increased brightness.This is under bright environment light condition, such as is advantageous in the sun.
In another embodiment, one single chip is used only in each color/display sub-pixel.However, the chip will be can Address array chip, and by can independently on or off comprising two or more different addressable array elements- Emitting area (or transmitter).Each of these addressable array elements will be from the ILED chip with different beam profiles Generate light.In such display, the shared contact n in each contact p in three or more contacts-one and one is needed.
Certain methods can be used, and from tool, there are two types of the addressable array chips of different beam profiles to generate light.Institute as above It states, it is commonly recognized that generating light than good extraction from the ILED device with good extraction efficiency and controlled beam angle Efficiency and wide or random beam angle have more challenge.Therefore, such as use of the device of device described in US 7518149 It may be used to provide specific transmitting beam angle.These devices are referred to herein as μ LED matrix, and generally include table top knot Structure, and can be ILED type.This document of reference in to(for) ILED is also possible to the reference to μ LED.
Fig. 6 shows exemplary μ LED 600.μ LED 600 shown in Fig. 6 and WO 2004/097947 (are also disclosed as US 7,518,149) in propose with high extracting efficiency and exported due to parabolic shape quasi- collimated light μ LED it is identical or It is similar.Substrate 602 has semiconductor epitaxial layers 604 disposed thereon.Epitaxial layer 604 is configured to table top 606.Active (or shining) Layer 608 is enclosed in mesa structure 606.Table top 606 has on the side opposite with the light transmission of μ LED 600 or light-emitting surface 610 There is the top cut.Table top 606 also has close to parabolical shape, to form the anti-of the light for generating in μ LED 600 Penetrate encirclement structure.Arrow 612 shows how the light emitted from active layer 608 reflects from the inner wall of table top 606 to be enough to make it from μ Surface 610 is left towards light in the angle that LED matrix 600 escapes (i.e. within the angle of total internal reflection).
The beam angle-for having certain methods that can increase collimation (or part collimates) light source is both on chip and subsequent. In one embodiment, the surface that ILED leaves face can be roughened.This causes to scatter to light when light leaves chip wider Angle.For monolithic array, it is important that such roughening is limited to the transmitter irradiation that modify it beam angle Area.Therefore, selectivity can be needed to be roughened the light-emitting area of ILED chip.
In another embodiment, selective etch/forming light can be used and leave surface.This selective etch can be with For providing specific shape (such as convex and recessed) to the light-emitting area of ILED, to make the beam profile of a transmitter Narrow, and increases another beam angle (and can with extraction efficiency) using different formings.It should be noted that can seek The light in control ILED chip is considered in the successful operation of location array chip and therefore selectively irradiation can change light beam The ability of the feature of profile.
In another embodiment, the construction of emitting surface can be used.
In another embodiment, ILED device includes the optical component for changing beam profile when light leaves chip, such as Polymer lens.
In another embodiment, material can be deposited on light and leave on surface, so that they change the beam angle of transmitting.This A little materials include but is not limited to filter, anti-reflection coating or the material based on oxide.
In another embodiment, ILED transmitter can be designed so as to the transmitting profile non-isotropy from device 's.
In another embodiment, any technology modification surface can be used, so that the light of transmitting is no longer isotropic.
It in another embodiment, can be in each addressable array chip using more than two for each display sub-pixel A element.Each of these elements can provide different beam profiles.This will allow the additional control at the visual angle of display System.
In another embodiment, element (or transmitter) formation that can be used on different addressable array chips is aobvious Show sub-pixel.Each of these addressable array chips may include the member with one or more than one transmitting beam profile Part (or transmitter).Transmitter in each monolithic array can be shared by more than one display sub-pixel.This is shown in Fig. 7 The scheme that sample is done.
In another embodiment, all transmitters on addressable array chip generate narrow transmitting profile.It then can be with Increase the beam angle of these beam profiles of selected number using the secondary layer of a part for not being addressable array chip.So It can be regarded afterwards by selecting the element (or transmitter) modified or do not influenced by secondary layer by secondary layer to control the whole of display Angle.
In another embodiment, the different piece of screen can have different visual angles.This can based on it is interior perhaps by with Family selects to determine.For example, user wishes that the display area for keeping secret can have narrow viewing angle.
In another embodiment, it controls and modifies the relative power with the transmitter of different beam angles, so that visual angle exists It is variable always on a large amount of visual angle.That is, for example, can be with 10% driving A (angle 20) and with 90% driving B (angle 60) is with 50 degree of acquisition of visual angle.For example, it is also possible to obtain 40 degree of view with 50% driving A and with 50% driving B Angle.Other of driving current are than being apparent to a skilled reader.
In another embodiment, the light from addressable array chip is coupled in optical film, so that the film will be appropriate Light-seeking in display pixel, and may or may not be changed the beam angle of device by ground.
The selection of display view angle can be carried out by user, can also be by the operating system in the device for wherein using display It is automatic to carry out.The former is properly termed as manual viewing angle control (m-vac), and the latter is properly termed as perspective automatically control (a-vac).It deposits In some examples, wherein control device can be automatically chosen for the visual angle of the optimum balance at power consumption or visual angle.This can be with It is determined based on information type to be shown, the orientation of device or using the number that sensor estimation is interacted with system.
In an example of a-vac, the system sensor of such as camera can measure viewing display or in appropriate position It sets the number of users of viewing display and visual angle can be adjusted accordingly.
In another example of a-vac, if message or the type of transmitter are marked as secret, reduce visual angle, So that it is by directly the people in face does not easily view in front of the display.
In another example of a-vac, visual angle is increased such as film or video for the content that can be watched by multiple people, And for by the other kinds of media of more personal uses, such as business documentation, not reducing visual angle.
In another example of a-vac, visual angle can be determined by the position or orientation of display.For example, if it is flat Be placed on desk, then display can use wide viewing angle automatically because user be likely to will not direct viewing it.
In another example of a-vac, visual angle can laterally or longitudinally be determined by the orientation of display.
In another example, a-vac can allow user to be that all the elements selection is preferred by m-vac override control Visual angle.
In another example, a part of display can have wide viewing angle, and another part can have narrow viewing angle.
One factor of the feasibility of display is totle drilling cost.For the present invention, two are used for each display sub-pixel A transmitter.Such design potentially increases the cost of display.It should be noted, however, that under any circumstance, each aobvious Showing can need second transmitter as redundancy measurement with solving device failure at sub-pixel.Therefore, second is needed in the design Pixel, the second pixel have the beam angle different from the first pixel in the present invention.In above-mentioned some embodiments, design so that The quantity of material requirements and interconnection piece is not twice of single pixel device.
ILED device can be controlled and driven by certain methods.The example of drive scheme includes being mounted on device to be incorporated to On the active matrix of thin film technique (TFT).TFT includes metal oxide and the transistor based on amorphous silicon.The active matrix Referred to as bottom plate.ILED device is electric current driving, and therefore compatible with OLED type TFT driver.Other methods include using The encapsulation of passive matrix drive device or light source and monolithic driving circuit.
Operating system will be provided for what user converted between privacy mode (narrow viewing angle) and mode standard (wide viewing angle) Method.
Fig. 8 is gone to, the sub-pixel including the first light emitting device 802 and the second light emitting device 804 is schematically shown 800.Light beam angular width of the beam angle of first light emitting device 802 than the second light emitting device 804, it is meant that the first light emitting device 802 More power are consumed, but allow to watch display from broader visual angle.The arrow beam of light angle of second light emitting device 804 reduces power Consumption, and also user is allowed to watch display with " secret " mode.Operating system or computer program can control each The quantity of power of light emitting device, to control visual angle and the power consumption of display.As described above, light emitting device can be individual On chip or on identical chip.Note that each sub-pixel can be provided with the luminous dress that more than two has different beam angles It sets, allows greatly to control the visual angle of display.
Fig. 9 schematically shows illustrative computer installation 900 with block diagram.Computer installation is connected to including such as Fig. 8 Shown in sub-pixel display 902.Processor 904 controls display and selectively provides function to the sub-pixel of display Rate, with influence display 902 beam angle and therefore influence display 902 visual angle.Input terminal 906 is provided (for example, user Input terminal or ambient light sensor), input terminal 906 provides data, and processor 904 determines needed for display 902 from the data Visual angle.Non-transitory computer-readable medium in the form of memory 908 is provided, is used to store program 910, when by processor When 904 execution program 910, processor 904 is made to work as described above.Note that can from such as CD, flash drive, The outer computer readable medium 912 of carrier wave etc. provides program.
Although described above is the particular embodiment of the present invention, but it is to be understood that do not departing from such as appended claims In the case where protection scope of the present invention of restriction, some modifications and change can be carried out to it.
Number clause
1.ILED escope, wherein the radial distribution of the light from display emission can be changed, and therefore be shown The visual angle of device can change.
2.ILED escope, the radial distribution from the ILED escope light can be changed, and the ILED type is shown Device is made up of:
A. more a ILED chips
B. a part of multiple ILED chips is designed to there is the transmitting beam profile substantially different with other profiles.
C. the method for ILED chip is selectively addressed.
3. wherein ILED chip is the isolated system with single emitting area according to clause 2.
4. wherein ILED chip is addressable array chip, and the element in array is designed as having according to clause 2 Different beam angles.
5. according to clause 2, wherein ILED chip is the addressable array chip comprising 2 or more elements, and institute There is element to irradiate identical display sub-pixel.
6. according to clause 2, wherein ILED chip is addressable array chip, and the member on identical addressable array chip Part can irradiate different display sub-pixels.
7. wherein ILED chip has integrated coating, lens or other kinds of component to change light beam according to clause 2 Angle.
8. according to clause 2, wherein ILED chip is addressable array chip, and coating, lens or other optical components For selectively modifying the beam angle of selected element.
9. according to clause 2, wherein the light of chip leaves that surface is textured, so that selectively modifying the light beam wheel of light It is wide.
10. according to clause 2, wherein the transmitting profile from ILED device is non-isotropic by design.
11. according to clause 2, wherein integrated optics film or piece on ILED chip so that can be positioned in display or Otherwise modify light.
12. according to clause 2, wherein integrated optics film or piece on ILED chip, so that selectively modification comes from ILED The light of device.
13. according to clause 2, wherein changing the design of mesa shape or contact or size in a predefined manner to change light beam wheel It is wide.
14. wherein display further includes electronic control unit according to clause 1.
15. according to clause 14, wherein electronic control is passive matrix.
16. according to clause 14, wherein electronic control is active matrix.
17. display, wherein the radiation profiles of the light left from display can be dynamically changed by user.
18. display, wherein the radiation profiles of the light left from display can be changed automatically by operating system.
19. wherein operating system is based on changing visual angle from the received information of sensor according to clause 18.
20. wherein operating system changes visual angle based on the number of viewing display according to clause 18.
21. according to clause 18, wherein type change visual angle of the operating system based on the content on display.
22. wherein orientation (for example, lie in desk on) of the operating system based on display changes view according to clause 18 Angle.
23. wherein orientation (for example, vertical or horizontal) of the operating system based on display changes visual angle according to clause 18.
24. wherein operating system is based on ambient lighting conditions change visual angle according to clause 18.

Claims (20)

1. a kind of sub-pixel for light-emitting diode display, which is characterized in that
The sub-pixel includes the first light emitting device with the first transmitting beam angle and second with the second transmitting beam angle Light emitting device, the second transmitting beam angle are different from the first transmitting beam angle.
2. sub-pixel according to claim 1, wherein select institute from any one of LED, inorganic LED and organic LED State the first light emitting device and second light emitting device.
3. sub-pixel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein first light emitting device be first unit part chip and Second light emitting device is second unit part chip.
4. sub-pixel according to claim 1 or 2, wherein first light emitting device is on addressable array chip First addressable array element, and second light emitting device is the second addressable array on the addressable array chip Element.
5. sub-pixel according to any one of claim 1 to 4, wherein the first transmitting beam angle and described second Emit beam angle to be determined by any of following:
Coating；
Lens；
Surface texture；
Mesa shape；And
Contact.
6. sub-pixel according to any one of claim 1 to 5, wherein first light emitting device and second hair The transmitting beam profile of any of electro-optical device is non-isotropic.
7. a kind of display, including it is multiple such as sub-pixel described in any one of claims 1 to 6.
8. display according to claim 7, and further comprise the modifying layer of covering on the display, it is described Modifying layer is arranged to modify the light from multiple sub-pixels.
9. display according to claim 7 or 8 further comprises control device, the control device is arranged to select Control to selecting property the irradiation of the sub-pixel in multiple sub-pixels, the adjusting of the light emittance profile for the display.
10. display according to claim 9, wherein the control device is appointing in passive matrix and active matrix It is a kind of.
11. display according to claim 9 or 10, wherein the control device further comprises user input apparatus, The user input apparatus be configured as receiving from user to from the relevant input of the light emittance profile of the display.
12. the display according to any one of claim 9,10 or 11, wherein the control device further comprises passing Sensor, the sensor is configured as receiving input, and the control device is configured to respond to sensor input and adjusts Light emittance profile from the display.
13. the display according to any one of claim 9 to 12, wherein the control device is configured as according to institute The quantity for stating the user of display adjusts the light emittance profile from the display.
14. the display according to any one of claim 7 to 13, wherein the control device is configured as according to institute The type adjustment of the content of display is stated from the light emittance profile of the display.
15. the display according to any one of claim 9 to 14, wherein the control device is configured as according to institute State light emittance profile of any one adjusting from the display in the orientation and orientation of display.
16. display according to any one of claims 9 to 15, wherein the control device is configured as according to ring Border striation part adjusts the light emittance profile from the display.
17. a kind of method for controlling optical display, which is characterized in that
The optical display includes multiple sub-pixels, and each sub-pixel in multiple sub-pixels includes having the first hair First light emitting device at irradiating light beam angle and with second transmitting beam angle the second light emitting device, it is described second transmitting beam angle with The first transmitting beam angle is different, and the method includes selectively controlling first light emitting device and second hair The power of the light emittance profile for being used to provide the described optical display of electro-optical device.
18. a kind of computer installation, which is characterized in that the computer installation includes:
The computer installation is connected to display by output end, and is configured as controlling the light hair from the display Penetrate profile；And
Processor is configured to determine that the light emittance profile from the display, identified light emittance profile are shown with described Show that the transmitting beam angle of the sub-pixel of device is related.
19. computer installation according to claim 18, wherein the processor is arranged to selectively irradiate sub- picture First light emitting device of element and the second light emitting device of the sub-pixel, first light emitting device have the first transmitting light beam Angle, second light emitting device have the second transmitting beam angle, the second transmitting beam angle and the first transmitting beam angle It is different.
20. a kind of computer-readable medium, including computer program make to include the meter when computer program operation The computer installation of calculation machine readable medium determines the desired light emittance profile from display, the light emittance profile with it is described The transmitting beam angle of the sub-pixel of display is related, wherein the computer-readable medium is non-transitory computer readable medium Matter.
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