CN107108088A - 用于递送用于粉末组合物的添加剂的水溶性包装 - Google Patents

用于递送用于粉末组合物的添加剂的水溶性包装 Download PDF

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CN107108088A
CN107108088A CN201680004393.0A CN201680004393A CN107108088A CN 107108088 A CN107108088 A CN 107108088A CN 201680004393 A CN201680004393 A CN 201680004393A CN 107108088 A CN107108088 A CN 107108088A
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J·D·谢尔登
N·L·伯尼克-格鲁辛
J·F·格拉司林
S·C·艾姆迪诺
T·金凯德
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Abstract

本发明提供了接头混配物体系，其包括基础接头混配物的主容器；以及与基础接头混配物分开、并且容纳至少一个并且优选多个水溶性添加剂包装的添加剂容器，所述水溶性添加剂包装被构造和布置成使得在其与基础接头混配物最终混合之前，添加剂包装被保护免受暴露于水分。

Description

用于递送用于粉末组合物的添加剂的水溶性包装
相关申请
本专利申请基于35USC 119(e)要求于2015年1月5日提交的美国临时序列号62/099,798，以及于2015年9月16日提交的美国序列号14/856,333的优先权。
背景技术
本发明一般地涉及多组分粉末组合物，并且更具体地涉及用于可凝固粉末组合物(例如但不限于墙板接头混配物)的包装的添加剂。
常规地通过将墙板附接到框架构件或立柱并且用称为接头混配物的专门配制的糊状组合物填充和涂覆面板之间的接头来构造由石膏墙板制成的墙和天花板。接头混配物可以作为粉末组合物被供应(以在施工现场与水混合)，或者可以在工厂与水预混以产生预混(或糊状)接头混配物。将糊状接头混配物(胶带级)置于由墙板面板的邻接边缘形成的接头内和上方，并且将纸加强带嵌入接头中，然后允许干燥接头混配物。可选地，加强带可以是非纤维素组合物，但是具有与纸接头带的条带相似的尺寸和形状。可选地，加强带可以是需要使用化学凝固型接头混配物的玻璃纤维织物。当接头混配物变干时，在接头上施加第二接头混配物(修顶或修饰级)，并且也允许其变干。通常需要第三次施加接头混配物，并且在第三涂覆变干之后，可以将其轻轻地打磨，并且可以常规地用然后施加到墙的装饰材料(油漆，纹理或壁纸)进行修饰。接头混配物的所有三次涂层可以可选地伴随例如湿混合器的粘结和混合器马达的超载等问题而完成。
存在几类接头混配物。干燥型混配物通过水的蒸发而变硬，而凝固型接头混配物在固化过程中与水化学反应。凝固型接头混配物通常使用硫酸钙半水合物，也称为灰泥或熟石膏，作为基质。当将水加入凝固型粉末中时，它经由水合反应与硫酸钙半水合物反应，以形成硫酸钙二水合物晶体的互锁基质。互锁晶体基质给予混配物提高的强度。凝固型接头混配物超过干燥型的益处是成品接头的总强度，导致较少的收缩和开裂，以及在进一步精加工之前无需等待接头混配物完全干燥的独立性。干燥型接头混配物具有易于使用的优点，因为它们通常以预混形式获得，其中水被制造商加入和混合。第三类接头混配物将基于硫酸钙半水合物的混配物的凝固作用与预混化合物的易于使用相结合。
预混接头混配物典型地以体积为3.5至4.5加仑(13.25-17.03L)的单位在纸板箱或塑料桶中供应给客户。接头混配物以典型地高于在施工现场应用的粘度被供应。这允许承包商使用动力钻机和混合桨在额外的水中混合以获得期望的应用粘度。
典型地通过在混合器中混合湿成分和干成分直到均匀，通过加水将粘度调节至期望水平，然后填充和密封容器以运送给顾客，从而实现预混接头混配物生产。该过程会被使用很快速增稠的成分破坏并且需要较长时间以完全润湿和降低粘度，使混合器中混合的湿和干成分通过典型的混合循环并且以高于期望的粘度竞争水。以上过程导致机械限制和问题，例如湿混合器的粘结和混合器马达的超载。在混合循环结束时高于期望的粘度影响将材料泵送和移动到混合体系之外和通过包装生产线的容易程度，并且也会干扰容器的封盖和闭合。
已知在工作现场在配制过程中对接头混配物混合物提供选择性能增强添加剂以增强性能特征。在某些情况下，凝固或干燥时间加快，在其他情况下延迟。另外，在砂磨期间的粘度和/或灰尘生成是受到混合物添加剂的影响的特性。
因此，在用于制造预混物的典型湿混合体系中可以使用的原料的类型上存在机械限制。取决于特定的产品要求(包括长使用前保质期，快速凝固，低应用粘度等)，已经提出若干选择以提供具有分离的添加剂的接头混配物，在即将应用之前完成混合物时其使用户能够获得增强的或更理想的接头混配物性能特性。
通过引用并入本文的美国专利号6,476,099公开了向接头混配物添加表面活性剂添加剂以在应用到墙板表面之后产生裂化改善、收缩改善和表面光洁度缺陷减少的性能。通过引用并入本文的美国专利号6,228,163和5,746,822公开了用基础接头混配物配制的接头混配物，其具有相对惰性直到提供在功能上用作活化剂的额外添加剂。
通过引用并入本文的美国专利号8,822,566公开了提供添加剂的非均匀制剂，其具有预混基础接头混配物以便用户在施工现场最终混合。持续需要提供以使用户能够调整接头混配物的操作特性以适应特定情况的形式的添加剂。
发明内容
上述需要由本发明的添加剂包装体系满足，所述添加剂包装体系包括提供与主容器中的基础接头混配物或者其他粉末或可凝固组合物一起使用的分开包装的添加剂，使得用户能够调节在混合期间接头混配物或所需组合物的性质。因此，在本专利申请中，“接头混配物”指粉末形式的任何类型的可凝固组合物，其设计为加入水中以制备可凝固产物。在优选实施例中，各个添加剂包装是水溶性的，因此当用户将包装放入基础接头混配物的主容器内时，包装溶解并且成为混合物的部分。适合于在本发明的水溶性容器中分开包装的所考虑的添加剂包括但不限于缓凝剂、促进剂、活化剂、除尘剂、颜料、助粘剂等等。还设想提供含有在粉末制剂中的完全配制的接头混配物的分开包装。包装的优选材料是水溶性聚乙烯醇；然而考虑了其他水溶性塑料，条件是它们在室温下完全溶于水。经包装的添加剂的状态可以是液体、固体或粉末。
本发明体系的另一个特征在于添加剂以相对小的体积剂量提供给需要在小型墙修复作业等等中使用的小批量的接头混配物的用户。本发明体系的另外一个特征是还考虑了相同添加剂的多个相对小体积的包装。例如，在促进剂的情况下，对于给定批量大小的接头混配物，用户添加多个促进剂包装用于获得完成的混合接头混配物的相对较快的凝固。
本发明体系包括基础接头混配物的主容器，所述基础接头混配物为粉末或预混物。另外，分开的容器容纳至少一个并且优选多个水溶性添加剂包装，使得在其最终混合之前，添加剂包装被保护免受暴露于水分。
更具体地，本发明提供了接头混配物体系，其包括：基础接头混配物的主容器；以及与基础接头混配物分开、并且容纳至少一个并且优选多个水溶性添加剂包装的添加剂容器，所述水溶性添加剂包装被构造和布置成使得在其与基础接头混配物最终混合之前，添加剂包装被保护免受暴露于水分。
在另一个实施例中，本发明提供了接头混配物体系，其包括基础接头混配物的主容器；以及与主容器不同并且容纳至少一个并且优选多个水溶性添加剂包装的分开容器，所述水溶性添加剂包装被构造和布置成使得在其与基础接头混配物最终混合之前，添加剂包装被保护免受暴露于水分。
附图说明
图1是本发明添加剂体系的垂直横截面；
图2是本发明体系的分解垂直横截面，显示了添加剂包装被加入主接头混配物容器中；
图3是本发明体系的分解垂直横截面图，显示了添加剂包装被混合到接头混配物内；
图4是使用用于添加剂包装的分开容器的本发明添加剂体系的可选实施例的垂直横截面；和
图5是图4的实施例的垂直横截面图，显示了添加剂包装被混合到主接头混配物容器内。
具体实施方式
参见图1-3，显示了本发明的水溶性添加剂体系，一般指定为10，并且包括与主容器中的基础接头混配物或者其他粉末或可凝固组合物一起使用的分开包装的添加剂，使得用户能够调节在混合期间接头混配物或所需组合物的性质。更具体而言，主容器12通常是用于包装预混墙板接头混配物类型的塑料桶或盆，并且包括全部整体形成的底部14、环形侧壁16和上唇缘18，如通过模制塑料制成，并且组合以限定内部室20。其他材料考虑用于容器12，包括但不限于金属和纸板。预混接头混配物22的供应基本上填充内部室20。虽然在优选实施例中，基础接头混配物22是预混型，但也考虑粉末型接头混配物或凝固型接头混配物是合适的。
内部室20被可移除的容器盖24覆盖，该容器盖24接合上唇缘18，并且使用在容器外部上的塑料夹或连接器(未示出)在主容器12上关闭闩锁，如本领域中众所周知的。本发明体系10的特征在于，容器盖24的下侧26提供有室或添加剂容器28，其被构造和布置成保留至少一个并且优选地多个分开的添加剂包装30。添加剂容器28优选由与盖24相同的材料制成，并且构造成使得在使用之前，添加剂包装30与基础接头混配物22以及内部室20分离，并且在添加剂包装与接头混配物22最终混合之前，被保护免受暴露于水分。
适合于在本发明的水溶性添加剂包装30中分开包装的考虑添加剂32包括但不限于缓凝剂、促进剂、活化剂、除尘剂、颜料、助粘剂如粉末粘合剂，包括聚乙烯醇或聚乙酸乙烯酯)等等。经包装的添加剂32的状态考虑是液体、固体或粉末。
添加剂容器28的下壁34如通过打孔、穿孔、具有较薄的壁厚度等等而是易碎的。因此，当主容器12中的接头混配物22的用户准备好施加接头混配物时，易碎壁34被用户使用刮刀或类似工具容易地破坏，并且一旦壁被破坏，添加剂包装30就落入接头混配物22内(图2)。
在优选实施例中，添加剂包装30是水溶性的，并且接头混配物是预混型，这意味着当容器12打开时它是湿糊剂。包装30的优选材料是水溶性聚乙烯醇；然而考虑了其他水溶性塑料，只要它们在室温下完全溶于水。一旦包装30落入或放入主容器12内的接头混配物22内，包装就溶解并且成为混合物的部分。如图3中可见的，考虑动力混合器36用于完全混合内容物。
本发明体系10的另一个特征是添加剂包装30以相对小的体积剂量提供给需要在小型墙修复作业等等中使用的小批量的接头混配物的用户。优选地，添加剂包装30含有在5至20克范围内的添加剂32。更优选地，包装30含有在10克范围内的添加剂。
另外，考虑将粉末形式的完全配制的接头混配物包装在包装30之一内。这种容器30任选地以各种体积提供，包括但不限于1磅包装。
本发明体系的另外一个特征是还考虑了相同添加剂32的多个相对小体积的包装30。例如，在促进剂的情况下，对于给定批量大小的接头混配物22，用户添加多个促进剂包装30，用于获得完成的混合接头混配物22的相对较快的凝固。
现在参考图4和图5，本发明接头混配物添加剂体系10的另一个实施例一般指定为40。与体系10共用的组分用相同的附图标记指定。体系40的主要显著特征在于添加剂包装30固定在指定添加剂容器42内，所述指定添加剂容器42与主容器12分开且隔离。体系40中的添加剂包装30具有与体系10相同的特性。
在添加剂容器42中，包装30被防止暴露于水分，所述水分将导致它们过早溶解且释放添加剂32。如同主容器12的情况一样，添加剂容器42包括全部优选整体形成的底部44、环形壁46和上唇缘48，如通过模制塑料制成。盖50覆盖上唇缘48并且封闭另外的室52，所述室52封闭添加剂包装30并且将添加剂32保持在失活状态，直到需要使用时。
如图5中可见的，一旦操作者需要将添加剂32掺入接头混配物22中，添加剂容器42就打开，并且至少一个并且优选多个添加剂包装30堆积到主容器12中，其中包装30溶解并且添加剂32混合到主接头混配物22内。优选地，根据需要使用动力混合器36。
在包括体系10或体系40的使用中，用户将水溶性添加剂包装30放入主容器12内，并且添加足够的水以将包装溶解在水中，以与经包装的粉末或预混接头混配物22混合至得到所需的接头混配物。这些包装30或分离舱(pod)的若干个考虑为在密封容器28或42中提供，从而减少在混合常规的基于粉末的凝固型接头混配物时生成的混乱和灰尘。
虽然在本文中已描述了用于递送粉末组合物的添加剂的本发明的水溶性包装的具体实施例，但是本领域技术人员将理解，在其更广泛方面不偏离本发明的情况下并且如以下权利要求中所述可作出改变和修改。

Claims (10)

1.一种接头混配物体系，所述接头混配物体系包括：
基础接头混配物的主容器；和
添加剂容器，所述添加剂容器与所述基础接头混配物分开、并且容纳至少一个并且优选多个水溶性添加剂包装，所述水溶性添加剂包装被构造和布置成使得在其与所述基础接头混配物最终混合之前，保护所述添加剂包装免受暴露于水分。
2.根据权利要求1所述的体系，其中所述基础接头混配物是粉末或预混物。
3.根据权利要求1所述的体系，其中所述主容器具有可移除的盖，并且所述添加剂容器位于所述盖上。
4.根据权利要求3所述的体系，其中所述添加剂容器位于所述盖的下侧。
5.根据权利要求3所述的体系，其中所述添加剂容器提供有易碎壁。
6.根据权利要求1所述的体系，其中所述添加剂包装被封闭在水溶性聚乙烯醇中。
7.根据权利要求1所述的体系，其中所述添加剂选自缓凝剂、促进剂、活化剂、颜料、助粘剂和除尘剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的体系，其中所述至少一个添加剂包装是多个包装，每个所述包装含有与所述多个包装中的其他所述包装相同或不同的添加剂之一。
9.根据权利要求1所述的体系，其中所述添加剂包装含有在5至20克范围内的添加剂。
10.根据权利要求1所述的体系，其中所述添加剂包装含有10克添加剂。
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