CN107107552A - Malthoid surface covering attractive in appearance - Google Patents

Malthoid surface covering attractive in appearance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107107552A
CN107107552A CN201580057755.8A CN201580057755A CN107107552A CN 107107552 A CN107107552 A CN 107107552A CN 201580057755 A CN201580057755 A CN 201580057755A CN 107107552 A CN107107552 A CN 107107552A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
surface covering
covering according
felt composition
space
felt
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Pending
Application number
CN201580057755.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
于尔根·贝伦斯
延斯·埃勒斯
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Afi Licensing Ltd
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Afi Licensing Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of CN107107552A publication Critical patent/CN107107552A/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/02—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising animal or vegetable substances, e.g. cork, bamboo, starch
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
    • B32B9/04—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B9/045—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising such particular substance as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N1/00—Linoleum, e.g. linoxyn, polymerised or oxidised resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/06—Vegetal particles
    • B32B2264/062—Cellulose particles, e.g. cotton
    • B32B2264/067—Wood particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2264/00—Composition or properties of particles which form a particulate layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2264/10—Inorganic particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/732—Dimensional properties
    • B32B2307/734—Dimensional stability
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2471/00—Floor coverings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
    • D06N2201/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • D06N2201/0254—Polyolefin fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
    • D06N2201/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • D06N2201/0263—Polyamide fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2201/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads or yarns
    • D06N2201/08—Inorganic fibres
    • D06N2201/082—Glass fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/06—Building materials
    • D06N2211/066—Floor coverings
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N—WALL, FLOOR, OR LIKE COVERING MATERIALS, e.g. LINOLEUM, OILCLOTH, ARTIFICIAL LEATHER, ROOFING FELT, CONSISTING OF A FIBROUS WEB COATED WITH A LAYER OF MACROMOLECULAR MATERIAL; FLEXIBLE SHEET MATERIAL NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06N2211/00—Specially adapted uses
    • D06N2211/12—Decorative or sun protection articles

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses surface covering, it includes carrier, the first felt composition and the second felt composition；The flow velocity of wherein described first felt composition is more than the flow velocity of second felt composition.

Description

Malthoid surface covering attractive in appearance
The cross reference of related application
The application is the PCT for No. 62/062,510 U.S. Provisional Patent Application rights and interests that requirement is submitted on October 10th, 2014 International application.The disclosure of application is incorporated herein by reference above.
Technical field
This disclosure relates to the surface covering with improved dimensional stability and aesthetic feeling.
Background technology
Surface covering be used to various applications produce attractive in appearance and stabilized structure indoor environment.In the covering of these surfaces Malthoid surface covering is there is in thing, it generally has bad dimensional stability and not to one's liking aesthetic feeling.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide the malthoid surface covering that dimensional stability is combined with favorite aesthetic feeling.The implementation of the present invention Mode seeks to fill that these demands.
The content of the invention
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a kind of surface covering, and it includes：Carrier；Adjacent with carrier One felt composition, it includes：Linoleum cement；First organic filler；And first inorganic filler；With the first felt composition The second adjacent felt composition, it includes：Linoleum cement；Second organic filler；And second inorganic filler；Wherein carrier Intersection grid including the first wire harness and the second wire harness；The wherein V of the first felt compositionmaxIt is about 300cmm/s to about 1000cmm/s；The wherein V of the second felt compositionmaxFor less than 200cmm/s.
Other embodiment provides a kind of surface covering, and it includes：Carrier；First malthoid adjacent with carrier is combined Thing, it includes：Linoleum cement；First organic filler；And about 25wt.% to about 35wt.% the first inorganic filler； And second felt composition, it includes：Linoleum cement；Second organic filler；And second inorganic filler；Wherein carrier bag Include the intersection grid of the first wire harness and the second wire harness；Flow velocity (the V of wherein the first felt compositionmax) and the second felt composition Flow velocity (Vmax) the ratio between be about 8: 1 to about 15: 1.
Also other embodiment provides a kind of surface covering, and it includes：Carrier；The first malthoid group adjacent with carrier Compound, it includes：Linoleum cement；First organic filler；And first inorganic filler；And it is adjacent with the first felt composition The second felt composition, it includes：Linoleum cement；Second organic filler；And second inorganic filler；Wherein carrier includes The grid that intersects of first wire harness and the first wire harness, intersecting grid includes about 20 spaces/cm2To about 30 spaces/cm2；Wherein One inorganic filler includes the particle that average grain diameter is about 0.5 μm to about 20 μm.
In some embodiments, the present invention, which is provided, improves malthoid surface covering method attractive in appearance.
Embodiment
As herein make administration, term " bleed-through (show through) " refers to the top surface from surface covering, regarding Sentience in feel and/or in tactile to carrier.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a kind of surface covering, and it includes：Carrier；Adjacent with carrier One felt composition, it includes：Linoleum cement；First organic filler；And first inorganic filler；And with the first malthoid group The second adjacent felt composition of compound, it includes：Linoleum cement；Second organic filler；And second inorganic filler；Wherein Carrier includes the intersection grid of the first wire harness and the second wire harness；The wherein V of the first felt compositionmaxBe about 300cmm/s extremely About 1000cmm/s；The wherein V of the second felt compositionmaxFor less than 200cmm/s.
In some embodiments, surface covering of the invention includes malthoid core.In some embodiments, malthoid Core includes the first malthoid layer and the second malthoid layer.In some embodiments, the first malthoid layer includes the first felt composition. In some embodiments, the second malthoid layer includes the second felt composition.In some embodiments, the first malthoid layer includes First felt composition；Second malthoid layer includes the second felt composition.
Other embodiment provides a kind of surface covering, and it includes：Carrier；First malthoid adjacent with carrier is combined Thing, it includes：Linoleum cement；First organic filler；And about 25wt.% to about 35wt.% the first inorganic filler； And second felt composition, it includes：Linoleum cement；Second organic filler；And second inorganic filler；Wherein carrier bag Include the intersection grid of the first wire harness and the second wire harness；Flow velocity (the V of wherein the first felt compositionmax) and the second felt composition Flow velocity (Vmax) the ratio between be about 8: 1 to about 15: 1.
Also other embodiment provides a kind of surface covering, and it includes：Carrier；The first malthoid group adjacent with carrier Compound, it includes：Linoleum cement；First organic filler；And first inorganic filler；Adjacent with the first felt composition Two felt compositions, it includes：Linoleum cement；Second organic filler；And second inorganic filler；Wherein carrier includes first The grid that intersects of wire harness and the first wire harness, intersecting grid includes about 20 spaces/cm2To about 30 spaces/cm2；Wherein the first nothing Machine filler includes the particle that average grain diameter is about 0.5 μm to about 20 μm.
The gross thickness that some embodiments provide surface covering can change, for example, for lighter abrasive wear applications (example Such as 2mm), and the bigger thickness (such as 2.5mm and 3.2mm) for more robust purposes.However, in general, some implementations Mode provide surface covering gross thickness can for 1mm to 6mm, be optionally 1.5mm to 4mm.In some embodiments, Surface covering may be used as malthoid mulching material and gross thickness be about 1mm to about 6mm, be optionally about 2mm extremely About 4mm.
In some embodiments, carrier strengthens mechanical integrity by serving as the skeleton of whole surface covering.Carry Body can have the first side and the second side, and first side is towards subfloor, and second side is towards space or indoor environment.
In some embodiments, carrier can include adhesive and fibrous material.In some embodiments, undulation degree Material is tatting or knitting.In some embodiments, adhesive can be with the about 0wt.% based on vehicle weight to big Amount in the range of about 40wt.% and exist.In other embodiments, adhesive can with based on vehicle weight about Amount in the range of 1wt.% to about 30wt.% and exist.
According to some embodiments, fibrous material can be knitted selected from synthetic fibers, cellulose fibre, natural fiber, synthesis Thing, and two or more in them combination.
In some embodiments, synthetic fibers can be selected from polyester (for example, PET), polyolefin (for example, polypropylene), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyacrylonitrile, polyamide (for example, nylon), polyacrylate, glass fibre etc., with And the combination of two or more in them.In some embodiments, cellulose fiber peacekeeping natural fiber can be selected from cotton, Huang Fiber crops, viscose glue, brown paper, artificial silk, sisal hemp, and two or more in them combination.Some embodiments provide carrier It can include being selected from following material：Megila；The intertexture of natural fiber；Carbon fiber；Aramid fibre；It is quartzy fine Dimension；Alumina fibre；Silicon carbide fibre；And the combination of two or more in them.
In some embodiments, adhesive can include thermoplastic resin or thermosetting resin, the thermoplastic resin or Thermosetting resin is selected from epoxides, polyurethane, acrylic latex, phenolic resin, polyvinyl alcohol, carbohydrate polymer (that is, starch), celluosic resin, polyacrylamide, ureaformaldehyde, melmac (for example, melamino-formaldehyde, melamine- P-F copolymer), acrylic copolymer, butadiene-styrene rubber, and two or more in them combination.In some implementations In mode, adhesive can include one or more resins got by following monomer：Vinyl acetate, propionate, fourth Vinyl acetate, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride (vinylidine chloride), PVF, vinylidene, ethyl acrylate, propylene Sour methyl esters, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, EMA, methyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, first Base hydroxy-ethyl acrylate, styrene, butadiene, urethanes, epoxy, melamine and ester.
In some embodiments, carrier includes PET.In some embodiments, carrier includes PET and glass fibre.
It is more or less open structure and/or generally porous material that some embodiments, which provide carrier, so that Be conducive to the first felt composition to penetrate into and pass through carrier.In some embodiments, carrier can be provided with adhesive layer and (that is, glue Close accelerator).In some embodiments, adhesive layer include natural drying oil (for example, Linseed oil or soybean oil) or Synthetic material (for example, acrylic acid, butadiene-styrene rubber or the like), to strengthen the first felt composition to the bonding of carrier.
In some embodiments, carrier includes matrix.Some embodiments provide matrix by the first wire harness and second Wire harness is constituted, wherein each in the first wire harness and the second wire harness is made up of fibrous material.In some embodiments In, the first wire harness includes the multiple miniature wire harness for being oriented to be parallel to each other and facing first direction.In other embodiments, Second wire harness includes the multiple miniature wire harness for being oriented to be parallel to each other and facing second direction.In some embodiments, One direction and second direction can offset the angle in the range of about 10 ° to about 90 °.According to some embodiments, First Line Angle the first wire harness of generation offset between beam and the second wire harness intersects grid with the second wire harness.In some embodiments, Carrier includes first, second, third, fourth, the five, the 6th wire harness etc., each of which can by deviation angle by Orientation.
In some embodiments, the first wire harness can be separated from each other the first distance, i.e. " length ".In another embodiment party In formula, the second wire harness can be separated from each other second distance, i.e. " width ".In some embodiments, length can be about 0.1mm to about 5mm scope.In some embodiments, length can about 0.5mm to about 2mm scope.One In a little embodiments, length can be about 1mm.In some embodiments, width can be in about 0.1mm to about 5mm Scope.In some embodiments, width can about 0.5mm to about 2mm scope.In some embodiments, Width can be about 1mm.According to some embodiments, between the space and adjacent second wire harness between adjacent first wire harness Space produces space in the carrier.In some embodiments, between the size in each space and respective adjacent first wire harness Length and respective adjacent second wire harness between width, and intersect the first wire harness and the second wire harness deviation angle it is straight Connect correlation.
In some embodiments, the separated about 1mm of the first wire harness length, the separated about 1mm of the second wire harness width, First wire harness and the second wire harness have about 90 ° of deviation angle, so that it is the substantially square of about 1mm to produce length and width The space of shape.According to other embodiment, space can be various shapes, including triangle, rectangle, rhombus, it is trapezoidal and Polygon, depending on deviation angle, length and width.
In some embodiments, deviation angle, width and length can be selected so that resulting vehicle is in carrier surface Including more than about 10 spaces/cm2.In some embodiments, deviation angle, width and length can be selected so that institute Obtain carrier includes being less than about 100 spaces/cm in carrier surface2.In some embodiments, deviation angle, width can be selected Degree and length so that resulting vehicle includes about 10 spaces/cm in carrier surface2To about 100 spaces/cm2.In some realities Apply in mode, deviation angle, width and length can be selected so that resulting vehicle carrier surface include about 15 spaces/ cm2To about 50 spaces/cm2.In some embodiments, deviation angle, width and length can be selected so that gained is carried Body includes about 20 spaces/cm in carrier surface2To about 30 spaces/cm2.In some embodiments, deviation angle can be selected Degree, width and length so that resulting vehicle includes about 25 spaces/cm in carrier surface2。
In some embodiments, the first wire harness and the second wire harness can be positioned so that space whole process extends through carrier Body, i.e., from the first side of carrier to the second side of carrier.In other embodiments, the first wire harness and the second wire harness can be with It is located so that space only extends to the inside of carrier from the first side or the second side.In some embodiments, when from carrier When first side or the second side are measured to carrier body, the depth in space is about 0.1mm to about 0.5mm, alternatively depth It is about 0.25mm.
In some embodiments, the first felt composition includes：Linoleum cement, the first organic filler and the first nothing Machine filler.According to some embodiments, when being measured under same test condition (for example, temperature), the first felt composition it is viscous Degree is smaller than the viscosity of the second felt composition.In some embodiments, the first felt composition and the second felt composition Viscosity measured by flow velocity.In some embodiments, flow velocity is by VmaxRepresent.In some embodiments, surveyed when identical Under strip part (for example, temperature, pressure) during both flow velocitys of measurement, the felt composition of velocity ratio second of the first felt composition Flow velocity is bigger.V given in this articlemaxThe first felt composition and the second felt composition are (i.e. as 30 before value representative calendering Fresh mixture after minute sedimentation time) flow velocity.
VmaxIt is to be measured with rubber capillary rheometer (Goettfert companies, model RCR).In some embodiments In, the temperature of RCR cylinders is about 90 DEG C.Pressure in RCR cylinders is about 160bar, and straight cylindrical nozzle is a diameter of about 1.6mm。
In some embodiments, the first felt composition includes the first malthoid layer.In some embodiments, the first oil The thickness of carpet veneer can change and about 0.1mm to about 5mm, alternatively about 0.2mm to about 4mm, alternatively about 0.5mm to about 3mm, about 0.75mm to about 2mm scope, are optionally about 1mm.
In some embodiments, the first felt composition includes：Linoleum cement, the first organic filler and the first nothing Machine filler.In some embodiments, the first felt composition includes being based on the first felt composition gross weight about 30wt.% To about 45wt.% linoleum cement.In some embodiments, the first felt composition is included based on the combination of the first malthoid Thing gross weight about 40wt.% linoleum cement.In some embodiments, the first felt composition is included based on the first oil Felt composition total weight about 41wt.% linoleum cement.
Linoleum cement serves as adhesive, and including drying oil and resin, such as rosin, to serve as tackifier.At some In embodiment, drying oil includes the aliphatic acid being esterified completely or partially.In some embodiments, drying oil includes many insatiable hungers And oil.In some embodiments, drying oil includes dimer, trimer or by by the polyalcohol of two, three and tetrafunctional Compound (for example, glycerine or polyethylene glycol) is with fatty acid cpds (for example, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, skin Acid is held back in promise) react obtained oligomer.In some embodiments, these drying oil include linseed oil, tall oil, soybean oil, Palm oil, castor oil, tung oil, olive oil, corn oil, canola oil, sunflower oil, peanut oil, cameline oil, Leix gram strangle oil, Vernonia oil (vernonia oil), cashew nut carbolic oil (cardanol oil), coconut oil, Ka Lanjia oil, Jatropha oil, and it In the combination of two or more.In some embodiments, drying oil can be aoxidized by aerial oxygen and form dry. In some embodiments, drying oil includes Linseed oil.In some embodiments, Linseed oil can be more dry than other oil It hurry up.
In some embodiments, resin can be selected from natural gum and rosin.In some embodiments, linoleum cement can With including the resin based on linoleum cement gross weight about 15wt.% to about 35wt.%.
In some embodiments, the first felt composition is included based on the first felt composition gross weight about 20wt.% to about 40wt.% the first inorganic filler.In some embodiments, the first felt composition is included based on the One felt composition gross weight about 20wt.% to about 35wt.% the first inorganic filler.In some embodiments, One felt composition includes first based on the first felt composition gross weight about 25wt.% to about 35wt.% and inorganic filled out Material.In some embodiments, the first felt composition is included based on the first felt composition gross weight about 25wt.% to big About 30wt.% the first inorganic filler.In some embodiments, the first felt composition includes being based on the first felt composition Gross weight about 28wt.% the first inorganic filler.
Some embodiments, which provide the first inorganic filler, includes that average grain diameter is about 0.5 μm to about 20 μm Grain.Some embodiments, which provide the first inorganic filler, includes the particle that average grain diameter is about 1 μm to about 10 μm.Some realities Apply mode includes the particle that average grain diameter is about 1 μm to about 5 μm there is provided the first inorganic filler.In some embodiments In, the particle diameter of inorganic filler is selected to ensure specific flow velocity (for example, Vmax)。
Some embodiments, which provide the first inorganic filler and/or the second inorganic filler, can include lime stone (carbonic acid Calcium), kaolin, silica, vermiculite, ball clay or bentonite, talcum powder, mica, gypsum, perlite, titanium dioxide, sand Soil, barium sulfate, dolomite, wollastonite, calcite, pigment, zinc sulfate, or two or more in them combination.
In some embodiments, the first felt composition is included based on the first felt composition gross weight about 15wt.% to about 30wt.% the first organic filler.In some embodiments, the first felt composition is included based on the One felt composition gross weight about 18wt.% to about 23wt.% the first organic filler.In some embodiments, One felt composition includes the first organic filler based on the first felt composition gross weight about 22wt.%.
Some embodiments, which provide the first organic filler and/or the second organic filler, includes cellulosic material, polymer Material, non-polymer material, or two or more in them combination.In some embodiments, the first organic filler and/ Or second organic filler can be fibrous material or bulk material.In some embodiments, the first organic filler and/or second Organic filler includes being selected from following cellulosic material：Wood fibre, cork, wood chip, wood powder, paper fiber, velveteen, two in them Plant or a variety of combinations.
In some embodiments, wood powder can be made up of hardwood or cork.In some embodiments, wood powder bag Include the particle with following particle diameter distribution：<160μm：40-90%, and<80 μm of 10-50%.In other embodiments, wood powder Including the particle with following particle diameter distribution：<160 μm of 50-85%；And<80 μm of 10-30%.
In some embodiments, polymeric material can include polyolefin, and non-polymer material can include hydrophobicity Material.In some embodiments, the fusing point of hydrophobic material is less than 100 DEG C.In some embodiments, non-polymer material It is selected from：Lignite wax, Brazil wax, beeswax, paraffin, and two or more in them combination.
In some embodiments, non-polymer material can be with based on the first felt composition and/or the second malthoid group Amount in the range of compound gross weight about 0.1wt.% to about 1wt.% is present.In some embodiments, non-polymer material Material can be with based on the first felt composition and/or the second felt composition gross weight about 0.1wt.% to about 0.6wt.% In the range of amount exist.
In some embodiments, the first felt composition and/or the second felt composition may further include：It is fire-retardant Agent, such as aluminum trihydrate, ammonium phosphate or two (poly-) pentaerythrites；Form the fire retardant on barrier layer, such as borate and polyphosphoric acid Aluminium；Solid inorganic fire retardant, and form the fire retardant of insulating barrier；Swelling agent, and two or more in them combination. In some embodiments, organohalogen compounds (for example, chlorinated paraffin) or halo organic phosphorus compound may be used as additional fire-retardant Agent.
In some embodiments, Solid inorganic fire retardant should be understood to include for example：Inorganic compound (is for example aoxidized Aluminium hydrate), borate (for example, Firebrake ZB), ammonium phosphate, antimony oxide, hydroxide (preferably aluminium hydroxide), the Yi Jiqing of aluminium Magnesia, aluminium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide are also known as releasing water fire retardant.
In some embodiments, the first felt composition and/or the second felt composition further comprise dispersant, wadding Solidifying agent, defoamer, bactericide, biocide, or combinations thereof.In some embodiments, the first felt composition and/ Or second felt composition further comprise metal oxide, metal hydroxides, or combinations thereof.In some embodiment party In formula, metal oxide includes zinc oxide.
In some embodiments, the second felt composition includes：Linoleum cement, the second organic filler and the second nothing Machine filler.In some embodiments, when being measured under same test condition (for example, temperature), the second felt composition The viscosity of the felt composition of ratio of viscosities first is bigger.
In some embodiments, the V of the first felt compositionmaxIt is about 300cmm/s to about 1000cmm/s. In some embodiments, the V of the first felt compositionmaxIt is about 500cmm/s to about 900cmm/s.In some embodiments In, the V of the first felt compositionmaxIt is about 600cmm/s to about 800cmm/s.In some embodiments, the first malthoid The V of compositionmaxIt is about 650cmm/s to about 750cmm/s.In some embodiments, the V of the first felt compositionmax It is about 730cmm/s.
In some embodiments, the V of the second felt compositionmaxIt is about 30cmm/s to about 200cmm/s.At it In his embodiment, the V of the second felt compositionmaxIt is about 40cmm/s to about 100cmm/s.In other embodiment In, the V of the second felt compositionmaxIt is about 50cmm/s to about 100cmm/s.In some embodiments, the second malthoid group The V of compoundmaxFor less than about 200cmm/s.In some embodiments, the V of the second felt compositionmaxFor less than about 100cmm/s.In some embodiments, the V of the second felt compositionmaxIt is about 10cmm/s to about 100cmm/s.One In a little embodiments, the V of the second felt compositionmaxFor less than about 75cmm/s.In some embodiments, the second malthoid group The V of compoundmaxIt is about 60cmm/s.
In some embodiments, the flow velocity (V of the first felt compositionmax) with the flow velocity (V of the second felt compositionmax) The ratio between be about 5: 1 to about 20: 1.In some embodiments, the flow velocity (V of the first felt compositionmax) and the second malthoid Flow velocity (the V of compositionmax) the ratio between be about 5: 1 to about 15: 1.In some embodiments, the stream of the first felt composition Speed (Vmax) with the flow velocity (V of the second felt compositionmax) the ratio between be about 8: 1 to about 15: 1.In some embodiments, Flow velocity (the V of one felt compositionmax) with the flow velocity (V of the second felt compositionmax) the ratio between be about 8: 1 to about 12: 1. In some embodiments, the flow velocity (V of the first felt compositionmax) with the flow velocity (V of the second felt compositionmax) the ratio between be about 12∶1。
In some embodiments, the first malthoid of the first felt composition formation layer.In some embodiments, the first oil The thickness of carpet veneer be about 0.5mm to about 5mm, be optionally about 0.75mm to about 3mm, be optionally about 0.9mm To about 1.1mm.
In some embodiments, the second malthoid of the second felt composition formation layer.In some embodiments, the second oil The thickness of carpet veneer be about 0.5mm to about 5mm, be optionally about 0.75mm to about 3mm, be optionally about 1mm extremely About 1.5mm, is optionally about 1.1mm to about 1.4mm.
In some embodiments, the second felt composition is included based on the second felt composition gross weight about 17.5wt.% to about 70wt.% linoleum cement.In some embodiments, the second felt composition is included based on the Two felt composition gross weight about 25wt.% to about 45wt.% linoleum cement.In some embodiments, second Felt composition includes the linoleum cement based on the second felt composition gross weight about 30wt.% to about 40wt.%. In some embodiments, the second felt composition includes the malthoid glue based on the second felt composition gross weight about 36wt.% Stick.
In some embodiments, the second felt composition is included based on the second felt composition gross weight about 10wt.% to about 20wt.% the second inorganic filler.In some embodiments, the second felt composition is included based on the Two felt composition gross weight about 12wt.% to about 18wt.% the second inorganic filler.In some embodiments, Two felt compositions include the second inorganic filler based on the second felt composition gross weight about 14wt.%.
In some embodiments, the second felt composition is included based on the second felt composition gross weight about 30wt.% to about 45wt.% the second organic filler.In some embodiments, the second felt composition is included based on the Two felt composition gross weight about 36wt.% to about 41wt.% the second organic filler.In some embodiments, Two felt compositions include the second organic filler based on the second felt composition gross weight about 39wt.%.
In some embodiments, the second felt composition is included based on the second felt composition gross weight about 30wt.% to about 45wt.% wood powder.In some embodiments, the second felt composition includes being based on the second malthoid group Compound gross weight about 36wt.% to about 41wt.% wood powder.In some embodiments, the second felt composition includes Wood powder based on the second felt composition gross weight about 39wt.%.
Previous manufacture includes the trial of the floor surface of linoleum cement and filler, exists during floor surface shows not The problem of aesthetic feeling of anticipating.It has been found that the first felt composition is orientated as it is adjacent with carrier, wherein the first felt composition has Low viscosity, high flow rate produces the surface covering for showing excellent aesthetic feeling.
In some embodiments, the first felt composition with low viscosity/high flow rate is used so that the first malthoid Composition can preferably penetrate into the space for being present in carrier.In some embodiments, the infiltration is enough to make carrier be embedded into In one felt composition.According to some embodiments, more penetrate into adds surface between the first felt composition and carrier The amount of contact.Although selection be not bound to theory, the present inventor think surface contact increase enhance mechanical adhesion and It is smooth between first felt composition and carrier, and the amount of " bleed-through " is reduced on surface covering.In addition, the first malthoid group Bigger mechanical adhesion is considered as improving the structural intergrity of whole surface covering between compound and carrier.Bleed-through reduction is carried High overall aesthetic outward appearance because the intersections grid of carrier on final surface covering visually with it is all not clear in tactile It is aobvious.
In some embodiments, the cumulative volume of carrier is VT, surveyed by the surface area of the side of carrier first or the second side Amount, and it is multiplied by the distance that carrier is passed through from the first side span to the second side.VTIncluding the volume shared by two kinds of wire harness and space.Line The volume V of beamSBe as the volume shared by the wire harness in carrier, by measure in single carrier wire harness used weight and by it Divided by wire harness density and calculate.Therefore, the volume V in spaceVIt can be calculated by below equation：
VV=VT-VS
In some embodiments, when the first felt composition is applied to carrier and penetrates into the space of carrier, at least Some voidages VV(V can be occupied by the first felt compositionL).Therefore, the first felt composition penetrates into support voids Amount, i.e., " saturation degree percentage ", can be by by the volume (V of the first felt compositionL) divided by voidage (VV) and quantify, And represented by below equation：
Saturation degree %=VL/VV
In some embodiments, 50% space is more than in carrier with the first felt composition saturation.In other implementations It is more than 55% space in mode, in carrier with the first felt composition saturation.In other embodiment, it is more than in carrier 60% space is with the first felt composition saturation.Use first in the space for being more than 65% in other embodiment, in carrier Felt composition saturation.In some embodiments, 70% space is more than in carrier with the first felt composition saturation.One It is more than 75% space in a little embodiments, in carrier with the first felt composition saturation.In some embodiments, in carrier Space more than 80% is with the first felt composition saturation.In some embodiments, the is used in the space that 85% is more than in carrier One felt composition saturation.In some embodiments, 90% space is more than in carrier with the first felt composition saturation. It is more than 95% space in some embodiments, in carrier with the first felt composition saturation.In some embodiments, carrier In be more than 97.5% space with the first felt composition saturation.In some embodiments, 99% space is more than in carrier With the first felt composition saturation.Without being bound by theory it is thought that bigger saturation degree also results in carrier and the first malthoid group Excellent mechanical adhesion and carrier amount bleed-through in the first felt composition is reduced between compound, so as to provide surface covering Excellent aesthetic feeling and performance.
In some embodiments, surface covering may further include coating.In some embodiments, coating quilt It is administered to the second felt composition.In some embodiments, coating may be used as wearing layer.In some embodiments, apply Layer is UV-curable, moisture-curable or thermal curable.In some embodiments, coating can be it is transparent and by UV radiation and Solidification.In some embodiments, coating provides good marresistance and wearability, and it is sufficiently transparent with allow to be designed as from Product top surface and the transmission visible printed patterns of top surface.In some embodiments, coating includes the polyurethane of UV-curable. In some embodiments, coating includes the polyurethane of moisture-curable.In some embodiments, coating includes acrylate. In some embodiments, coating includes polyurethane and acrylate.
In some embodiments, coating can include the particle of enhancing dimensional stability and/or marresistance.At some In embodiment, particle is selected from chalk, barium sulfate, slate powder, silica, kaolin, silica flour, talcum, lignin, powder Shape glass, aluminum oxide and glass fibre.
In some embodiments, coating can have about 0.001mm to 1mm thickness.In some embodiments, Coating can have about 0.005mm to 0.5mm thickness.In some embodiments, coating can have about 0.0075mm to about 0.25mm thickness.In some embodiments, coating can have about 0.01mm thickness.
In some embodiments, surface covering of the invention can be made according to following methods.First malthoid is combined Thing in suitable mixing arrangement (for example, kneader, roller mill or extruder) by mixing all components (for example, the first oil Felt adhesive, the first organic filler and the first inorganic filler) form matrix (mixture) as uniform as possible and prepare.One In a little embodiments, the first felt composition can further include conventional additives, such as processing aid, antioxidant, UV Stabilizer, slip agent etc., are selected as the function of adhesive.
According to some embodiments, the uniform matrix of the first felt composition is then fed to roller mill (for example, calendering Machine (calendar)) and be generally forced at a temperature of typically 10 DEG C to 150 DEG C on carrier.In some embodiments In, roller mill can be adjusted so that the first felt composition/carrier complexes of gained have required thickness.
According to some embodiments, the second felt composition is manufactured separately and rolls in flakes and granulate.In some realities Apply in mode, then mix and be sent to roller mill (for example, calender) to prepare the combination of the second malthoid by shot-like particle The malthoid piece of thing.Then the second malthoid piece can be directly born against on the felt composition of carrier/first, or load is rolled by roller mill On the felt composition of body/first.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiment.Following examples are simply to illustrate that property Purpose and provide, it is impossible to be not understood as in any way limitation the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Described in table 1 (following table) is the composition and flow velocity of exemplary surface covering of the present invention, and contrast The composition and flow velocity of surface covering.
Table 1
Embodiment 2
Table 2 (following table) illustrates that the contrast of surface covering flow velocity described in table 1 (upper table), and each of which prevent from carrying The ability that body is bleed-through.Bleed-through result is the visual inspection to surface covering based on the exposed surface from the second malthoid layer.
Table 2
The exemplary surface covering of the present invention of as shown by data shown in table 2 (upper table) prevents the bleed-through of carrier, and right Ratio does not have.
As skilled in the art will be aware of, without departing from the spirit of the invention, can be for being described herein Embodiment make various changes and modifications.All these changes are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (93)

1. a kind of surface covering, it includes：
Carrier；
First felt composition adjacent with the carrier, it includes：
Linoleum cement；
First organic filler；And
First inorganic filler；And
Second felt composition adjacent with first felt composition, it includes：
Linoleum cement；
Second organic filler；And
Second inorganic filler；
Wherein described carrier includes the intersection grid of the first wire harness and the second wire harness；The V of wherein described first felt compositionmax It is about 300cmm/s to about 1000cmm/s；And
The V of wherein described second felt compositionmaxFor less than 200cmm/s.
2. surface covering according to claim 1, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 500cmm/s To about 900cmm/s.
3. the surface covering according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxFor About 600cmm/s to about 800cmm/s.
4. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxTo be big About 650cmm/s to about 750cmm/s.
5. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxTo be big About 730cmm/s.
6. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein the V of second felt compositionmaxTo be small In about 100cmm/s.
7. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein the V of second felt compositionmaxTo be big About 10cmm/s to about 100cmm/s.
8. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein the carrier is embedded in the first malthoid combination In thing.
9. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein first felt composition further comprises Metal oxide or metal hydroxides.
10. surface covering according to claim 9, wherein the metal oxide includes zinc oxide.
11. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein first felt composition is included about 30wt.% to about 45wt.% linoleum cement.
12. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein first felt composition is included about 41wt.% linoleum cement.
13. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein first felt composition is included about 15wt.% to about 30wt.% first organic filler.
14. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein first felt composition is included about 18wt.% to about 23wt.% first organic filler.
15. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein first felt composition is included about 20wt.% to about 40wt.% first inorganic filler.
16. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein first felt composition is further wrapped Include regrown material.
17. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein the crossing net lattice include space.
18. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein the crossing net lattice include about 20 spaces/ cm2To about 30 spaces/cm2。
19. the surface covering according to any one of foregoing claim, wherein the crossing net lattice include about 25 spaces/ cm2。
20. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 19, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 5mm Length.
21. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 20, wherein the space has about 0.5mm to about 2mm Length.
22. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 21, wherein the space has about 1mm length.
23. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 22, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 5mm Width.
24. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 23, wherein the space has about 0.5mm to about 2mm Width.
25. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 24, wherein the space has about 1mm width.
26. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 25, wherein the space is substantially square.
27. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 26, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 0.5mm depth.
28. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 27, wherein the space has about 0.25mm depth.
29. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 28, wherein the space at least 75% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
30. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 29, wherein the space at least 90% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
31. the surface covering according to claim 17 to 30, wherein the space at least 95% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
32. the surface covering according to foregoing any one the, wherein flow velocity (V of first felt compositionmax) with it is described Flow velocity (the V of second felt compositionmax) the ratio between be about 5: 1 to about 20: 1.
33. a kind of surface covering, it includes：
Carrier；
First felt composition adjacent with the carrier, it includes：
Linoleum cement；
First organic filler；And
About 25wt.% to about 35wt.% the first inorganic filler；And
Second felt composition adjacent with first felt composition, it includes：
Linoleum cement；
Second organic filler；And
Second inorganic filler；
Wherein described carrier includes the intersection grid of the first wire harness and the second wire harness；And
Flow velocity (the V of wherein described first felt compositionmax) with the flow velocity (V of second felt compositionmax) the ratio between be big About 8: 1 to about 15: 1.
34. surface covering according to claim 33, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 500cmm/s to about 900cmm/s.
35. the surface covering according to claim 33 or 34, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 600cmm/s to about 800cmm/s.
36. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 35, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 650cmm/s to about 750cmm/s.
37. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 36, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 730cmm/s。
38. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 37, wherein the V of second felt compositionmaxFor less than big About 100cmm/s.
39. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 38, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 10cmm/s to about 100cmm/s.
40. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 39, wherein the carrier is embedded in first felt composition In.
41. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 40, wherein first felt composition further comprises gold Belong to oxide or metal hydroxides.
42. the surface covering according to claim 41, wherein the metal oxide includes zinc oxide.
43. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 42, wherein first felt composition is included about 30wt.% to about 45wt.% linoleum cement.
44. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 43, wherein first felt composition is included about 40wt.% linoleum cement.
45. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 44, wherein first felt composition is included about 15wt.% to about 30wt.% first organic filler.
46. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 45, wherein first felt composition is included about 18wt.% to about 23wt.% first organic filler.
47. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 46, wherein first felt composition is included about 28wt.% first inorganic filler.
48. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 47, wherein first felt composition further comprises again Green material.
49. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 48, wherein the crossing net lattice include space.
50. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 49, wherein the crossing net lattice include about 20 spaces/cm2Extremely About 30 spaces/cm2。
51. the surface covering according to claim 33 to 50, wherein the crossing net lattice include about 25 spaces/cm2。
52. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 51, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 5mm Length.
53. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 52, wherein the space has about 0.5mm to about 2mm Length.
54. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 53, wherein the space has about 1mm length.
55. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 54, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 5mm Width.
56. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 55, wherein the space has about 0.5mm to about 2mm Width.
57. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 56, wherein the space has about 1mm width.
58. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 57, wherein the space is substantially square.
59. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 58, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 0.5mm depth.
60. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 59, wherein the space has about 0.25mm depth.
61. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 60, wherein the space at least 75% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
62. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 61, wherein the space at least 90% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
63. the surface covering according to claim 49 to 62, wherein the space at least 95% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
64. a kind of surface covering, it includes：
Carrier；
First felt composition adjacent with the carrier, it includes：
Linoleum cement；
First organic filler；And
First inorganic filler；And
Second felt composition, it includes：
Linoleum cement；
Second organic filler；And
Second inorganic filler；
Wherein described body includes the grid that intersects of the first wire harness and the first wire harness, and the intersection grid includes about 20 spaces/cm2 To about 30 spaces/cm2；And
Wherein described first inorganic filler includes the particle that average grain diameter is about 0.5 μm to about 20 μm.
65. surface covering according to claim 64, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 500cmm/s to about 900cmm/s.
66. the surface covering according to claim 64 or claim 65, wherein the V of first felt compositionmax It is about 600cmm/s to about 800cmm/s.
67. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 66, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 650cmm/s to about 750cmm/s.
68. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 67, wherein the V of first felt compositionmaxIt is about 730cmm/s。
69. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 68, wherein the V of second felt compositionmaxFor less than big About 100cmm/s.
70. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 69, wherein the V of second felt compositionmaxIt is about 10cmm/s to about 100cmm/s.
71. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 70, wherein the carrier is embedded in first felt composition In.
72. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 71, wherein first felt composition further comprises gold Belong to oxide or metal hydroxides.
73. the surface covering according to claim 72, wherein the metal oxide includes zinc oxide.
74. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 73, wherein first felt composition is included about 30wt.% to about 45wt.% linoleum cement.
75. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 74, wherein first felt composition is included about 40wt.% linoleum cement.
76. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 75, wherein first felt composition is included about 15wt.% to about 30wt.% first organic filler.
77. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 76, wherein first felt composition is included about 18wt.% to about 23wt.% first organic filler.
78. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 77, wherein first felt composition is included about 20wt.% to about 40wt.% first inorganic filler.
79. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 78, wherein first felt composition further comprises again Green material.
80. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 79, wherein the crossing net lattice include about 25 spaces/cm2。
81. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 80, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 5mm Length.
82. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 81, wherein the space has about 0.5mm to about 2mm Length.
83. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 82, wherein the space has about 1mm length.
84. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 83, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 5mm Width.
85. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 84, wherein the space has about 0.5mm to about 2mm Width.
86. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 85, wherein the space has about 1mm width.
87. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 86, wherein the space is substantially square.
88. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 87, wherein the space has about 0.1mm to about 0.5mm depth.
89. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 88, wherein the space has about 0.25mm depth.
90. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 89, wherein the space at least 75% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
91. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 90, wherein the space at least 90% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
92. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 91, wherein the space at least 95% is with first malthoid Composition saturation.
93. the surface covering according to claim 64 to 92 the, wherein flow velocity (V of first felt compositionmax) with Flow velocity (the V of second felt compositionmax) the ratio between be about 5: 1 to about 20: 1.
CN201580057755.8A 2014-10-10 2015-05-17 Malthoid surface covering attractive in appearance Pending CN107107552A (en)

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Application publication date: 20170829