CN107104732B - The weight vector initial method of the balanced device of indoor visible light communication system receiving end - Google Patents
The weight vector initial method of the balanced device of indoor visible light communication system receiving end Download PDFInfo
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- CN107104732B CN107104732B CN201710248381.9A CN201710248381A CN107104732B CN 107104732 B CN107104732 B CN 107104732B CN 201710248381 A CN201710248381 A CN 201710248381A CN 107104732 B CN107104732 B CN 107104732B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/116—Visible light communication
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/60—Receivers
- H04B10/66—Non-coherent receivers, e.g. using direct detection
- H04B10/69—Electrical arrangements in the receiver
- H04B10/697—Arrangements for reducing noise and distortion
- H04B10/6971—Arrangements for reducing noise and distortion using equalisation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L25/03012—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain
- H04L25/03019—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference operating in the time domain adaptive, i.e. capable of adjustment during data reception
- H04L25/03082—Theoretical aspects of adaptive time domain methods
- H04L25/03089—Theory of blind algorithms, recursive or not
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L2025/03592—Adaptation methods
- H04L2025/03598—Algorithms
- H04L2025/03611—Iterative algorithms
- H04L2025/03617—Time recursive algorithms
- H04L2025/0363—Feature restoration, e.g. constant modulus
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/02—Details ; arrangements for supplying electrical power along data transmission lines
- H04L25/03—Shaping networks in transmitter or receiver, e.g. adaptive shaping networks
- H04L25/03006—Arrangements for removing intersymbol interference
- H04L2025/03592—Adaptation methods
- H04L2025/03598—Algorithms
- H04L2025/03611—Iterative algorithms
- H04L2025/03656—Initialisation
Abstract
The invention discloses the weight vector initial methods of the balanced device of indoor visible light communication system receiving end, the receiving end of visible light communication system indoors, the change degree of channel is measured by receiving the variation of power, data memory module is used to store the weight vector value after the convergence that balanced device has obtained and judges whether to store current value according to the variation for receiving power, weight vector initialization module initializes blind equalizer using the data of the value and data memory module that receive power, so as to accelerate the convergence rate of CMA equalization algorithm.The method of the present invention solves the problems, such as the initialization of CMA blind equalization algorithm tap weights vector, effectively improves the convergence rate of balanced device, strengthens the ability of blind equalizer tracking channel.In practical applications, it is especially of great significance in the case where the movement of receiving end.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the equalization schemes of receiving end in visible light communication system, and in particular to indoor visible light communication system
The weight vector initial method of the balanced device of receiving end, belongs to technical field of visible light communication.
Background technique
Visible light communication due to its is environmentally protective, without frequency spectrum certification, transmission rate is high the advantages that cause global range
Research boom.However for an indoor transmissions environment, in the optical signal that receiving end receives include direct projection and reflecting component, when
When system transfer rate is higher, intersymbol interference can be caused.In order to which signal can accurately be received in receiving end, it is necessary to using corresponding
Technology eliminates intersymbol interference, and balancing technique is to eliminate the effective technology means of intersymbol interference.Balanced device is according to whether instruction
Practice sequence and be divided into adaptive equalizer and blind equalizer, adaptive equalizer needs to send one section in advance before sending user data
Training sequence, the bandwidth of this meeting busy channel, increases the expense of transmission.Blind Equalization Technique does not use training sequence, merely with institute
The signal received carries out equilibrium to channel, it is hereby achieved that effective bandwidth availability ratio.
Norm (Constant Modulus Algorithm, CMA) blind equalization algorithm realizes that simply calculation amount is small, is room
Most popular blind equalization algorithm in interior visible light communication system.However CMA convergence can be by step factor
It influences, convergence speed of the algorithm is mutually restricted with steady residual error.And the cost function of CMA algorithm relative to tap weights to
There are local minimum for amount, and the minimum of cost function is there are multiple, tap weights vector have one it is preferable
Initialization condition can guarantee that algorithm will not dissipate.According to a large amount of engineering experiences, when the tap number of tap weights vector is enough,
Using zero setting criterion, that is, centre cap initialization, the cost function of CMA algorithm can substantially converge to globally optimal solution.But
It is to be able to solve the initialization matter of the tap weights vector of balanced device there is no complete theory at present.
Summary of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are: provide indoor visible light communication system receiving end balanced device power to
Initial method is measured, overcomes the problems, such as that CMA algorithm the convergence speed is restricted by convergence precision under existing equalization scheme, is not being changed
Scale gene and in the case where not increasing Steady State Square Error, accelerates convergence speed of the algorithm, reinforces the ability of tracking channel.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem:
The weight vector initial method of the balanced device of indoor visible light communication system receiving end, includes the following steps:
Step 1, when being communicated for the first time indoors, the reception power of receiving end at this time is calculated and is recorded, P is denoted as1, to equal
Weighing apparatus is initialized using centre cap initial method, obtains initial tap weight vector, is used to initial tap weight vector
CMA blind equalization algorithm, the equalizer tap weight vector after being restrained, is denoted as W1And it records；
Step 2, it when being communicated for the second time indoors, is connect when calculating the reception power of receiving end at this time with preceding primary communication
The difference for receiving power compares Δ；If Δ≤5%, primary obtained tap weights vector W is communicated for preceding1As current equalizer tap
Weight vector；If Δ > 5%, reception power at this time is denoted as P2And record, centre cap initial method is used to balanced device
It is initialized, obtains initial tap weight vector, CMA blind equalization algorithm is used to initial tap weight vector, after being restrained
Equalizer tap weight vector, is denoted as W2And it records；
Step 3, it when n-th is communicated indoors, calculates the reception power of receiving end at this time and leads to before this with what is recorded
The difference of the reception power of letter compares Δm, m=1,2 ..., M, M is the total number of recorded reception power；From Δ1Start, if
There are Δsk≤ 5%, 1≤k≤M, then by the tap weights vector W of recordkAs current equalizer tap weights vector；If it does not exist,
Reception power at this time is then denoted as PM+1And record, balanced device is initialized using centre cap initial method, is obtained
Initial tap weight vector, to initial tap weight vector use CMA blind equalization algorithm, the equalizer tap after being restrained weigh to
Amount, is denoted as WM+1And it records.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, described that balanced device is carried out initially using centre cap initial method
Change, obtain initial tap weight vector specifically: according to the order of balanced device, initial tap weight vector is determined, when order j is odd number
When, it will in initial tap weight vectorThe corresponding position of rank is set as 1, and other positions are set as 0；When order j is even number,
It will in initial tap weight vectorRank orThe corresponding position of rank is set as 1, and other positions are set as 0.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, the expression formula of the initial tap weight vector are as follows: when order j is odd number
When,When order j is even number,Or
As a preferred solution of the present invention, calculation formula of the difference described in step 2 than Δ are as follows:
Wherein, P1For the reception power of the receiving end of communications records for the first time, P is to communicate the receiving end being calculated for the second time
Reception power.
As a preferred solution of the present invention, difference described in step 3 compares ΔmCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, PmFor reception power recorded before n-th communication, m=1,2 ..., M, M is recorded connects
Receive the total number of power；P ' is the reception power for the receiving end that n-th communication is calculated.
The invention adopts the above technical scheme compared with prior art, has following technical effect that
1, the present invention feature slow according to indoor visible light communication system channel variation, using the variation for receiving power come
The variation for measuring channel, is reasonably initialized by the weight vector to balanced device, on the basis for not increasing computation complexity
On, it is slow to solve CMA blind equalization algorithm convergence rate, the not strong problem of channel tracking capabilities.
2, the present invention realizes simple, is a kind of method that can accelerate equalizer convergence speed, in practical applications, especially
It is to be of great significance in the case that receiving end is mobile.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of indoor visible light communication system receiving end.
Fig. 2 is the process of the weight vector initial method of the balanced device of indoor visible light communication system receiving end of the present invention
Figure.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the accompanying drawings.Below by
The embodiment being described with reference to the drawings is exemplary, and for explaining only the invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
Thinking of the invention is the tap initialization side to the blind equalizer of existing indoor visible light communication system receiving end
Method improves, and judges that the variation degree of channel, weight vector initialization module are deposited using data by receiving the variation of power
The value of reception power and the convergence weight vector for the balanced device having been achieved with of storage module record initialize blind equalizer, thus plus
The fast convergence rate of CMA equalization algorithm.
The functional block diagram of indoor visible light communication system receiving end is at the beginning of as shown in Figure 1, data memory module is located at weight vector
Before beginningization module, for the weight vector after the reception power of communication position before recording and balanced convergence, weight vector initializes mould
Block is located at before blind equalizer, by comparing current reception power and data memory module data with existing, carries out to blind equalizer
Reasonable initialization operation.Blind equalizer can may be nonlinear equalizer structure for linear equalizer structure, not do
It limits.
Blind equalizer tap weights vector initialization flow chart as shown in Fig. 2, system according to receive power value to equilibrium
The tap weights vector of device carries out initialization process.Receiving end receives signal in communication process, calculates the value for receiving power first, so
Afterwards this reception power for having recorded with data memory module of reception power is compared, if the value of reception power is recording
In range, weight vector initialization module initializes blind equalizer using the convergence weight vector for the balanced device having been achieved with, if super
The range for receiving power has been recorded out, then has been carried out just using weight vector of traditional centre cap initial method to blind equalizer
Beginningization.
In the receiving end of communication system, data memory module is for storing the weight vector value after the convergence that balanced device has obtained
And judge whether to store current value according to the variation for receiving power, when receiving power within the set range, i.e., in data
Memory module has stored receive power in the range of, data memory module does not need to record current power and the weight vector of receiving
Value.When to balanced device using centre cap initial method, reception power and equilibrium at this time are recorded in data memory module
Value after the convergence of device tap weights vector.By the record of selectivity, the tap weights vector value in certain power bracket can be recorded,
So that recording data few as far as possible to characterize entire indoor communications range.Specifically use following methods:
The first step records reception power P at this time when user is communicated for the first time into a new room1, to equilibrium
Device uses centre cap initial method, that is, W=[0,0 ..., 1 ..., 0,0], the balanced device after being restrained using CMA algorithm
Tap weights vector W1And it records.
Second step, user is in the room second when communicating, and the reception power P for calculating at this time receives function when communicating with last time
The difference ratio of rateIf Δ≤5%, new initial method, i.e. W=W are used to the weight vector of balanced device1。
If Δ > 5%, the reception power P of data memory module record at this time2=P, weight vector initialization module use center to balanced device
Tap initialization method, and the equalizer tap weight vector W after being restrained using CMA algorithm2Record.
Third step, user is when n-th communicates in the room, the communication before this for calculating receptions power P at this time ' and having recorded
Reception power difference ratioWherein m=1,2 ..., M is the number of recorded reception power.If depositing
In 1≤k≤m, Δk≤ 5%, then new initial method, i.e. W=W are used to the weight vector of balanced devicek.If it does not exist, it records
Reception power P at this timeM+1=P ' uses centre cap initial method to balanced device, after being restrained using CMA algorithm
Equalizer tap weight vector WM+1And data memory module is recorded.
Inventive technique scheme is further illustrated by taking indoor visible light communication as an example below.
As shown in figure 3, room is the specification of (5m × 5m × 3m), the height of receiver plane is 0.85m, is divided on ceiling
The identical LED light of 4 transmission powers of cloth, is located at (1m, 1m, 3m), (1m, 4m, 3m), (4m, 1m, 3m), (4m, 4m, 3m)
Place.
If communication control processor is located at A (1m, 2m, 0.85m) point for the first time, balanced device uses centre cap initialization side at this time
Method, since room is that symmetrically, the position of receiver is also symmetrical, therefore shares other 7 in the room in communication system
Point possesses the identical characteristic of channel with A point and receives power, and dash area denotes the variation for receiving power in A point 5%
Range generally comprises the position away from A point 30-40cm.
If communication next time is in B point, then after may determine that B point can directly be restrained using A point equilibrium by reception power
Weight vector initialized, if communication point C next time is located at outside dash area then balanced device and uses centre cap initialization side
Method records the balanced device weight vector of C point received after power and convergence at this time, also will form class around C point and other 7 points
As dash area.By rationally designing the distribution of LED light, point of power is received while reaching brightness of illumination and being uniformly distributed
Cloth is also very gentle, and the area of dash area is bigger.
In actual conditions, position, that is, receiver position of people is constantly mobile, balanced device needs continuous renewal equilibrium
The variation with adaptive channel of device.Discuss that more is serial balanced device in current document, wherein the update for weight vector
Strategy may be once be also likely to be, such as " Design and primary per N number of clock cycle in each period
Implementation of Adaptive Equalizer Based On FPGA " method every 12 clock cycle for being introduced
An adaptive process is completed, starts to recycle next time after 12 clock cycle, substantially needs 300 μ s using LMS algorithm in text
So that balanced device weight vector restrains.In practical application, it is assumed that the movement speed of indoor people is 10m/s, then in a convergence process
The moving range of middle people is much smaller than 1cm, this is moved completely in the shaded region of last time communication, therefore under application scenarios
In the case where continuous communiction, the weight vector initial method of blind equalizer is of great significance for receiving end, can effectively improve calculation
The convergence rate of method reinforces the ability of tracking channel.
The above examples only illustrate the technical idea of the present invention, and this does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention, all
According to the technical idea provided by the invention, any changes made on the basis of the technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (3)
1. the weight vector initial method of the balanced device of indoor visible light communication system receiving end, which is characterized in that including as follows
Step:
Step 1, when being communicated for the first time indoors, the reception power of receiving end at this time is calculated and is recorded, P is denoted as1, to balanced device
It is initialized using centre cap initial method, obtains initial tap weight vector, it is blind using CMA to initial tap weight vector
Equalization algorithm, the equalizer tap weight vector after being restrained, is denoted as W1And it records；
Step 2, when being communicated for the second time indoors, function is received when calculating the reception power of receiving end at this time with preceding primary communication
The difference of rate compares Δ；If Δ≤5%, primary obtained tap weights vector W is communicated for preceding1As current equalizer tap weights to
Amount；If Δ > 5%, reception power at this time is denoted as P2And record, balanced device is carried out using centre cap initial method
Initialization, obtains initial tap weight vector, uses CMA blind equalization algorithm to initial tap weight vector, the equilibrium after being restrained
Device tap weights vector, is denoted as W2And it records；
Calculation formula of the difference than Δ are as follows:
Wherein, P1For the reception power of the receiving end of communications records for the first time, P is to communicate connecing for the receiving end being calculated for the second time
Receive power；
Step 3, when n-th is communicated indoors, receiving end reception power at this time and communicating before this of having recorded are calculated
The difference for receiving power compares Δm, m=1,2 ..., M, M is the total number of recorded reception power；From Δ1Start, if it exists
Δk≤ 5%, 1≤k≤M, then by the tap weights vector W of recordkAs current equalizer tap weights vector；If it does not exist, then will
Reception power at this time is denoted as PM+1And record, balanced device is initialized using centre cap initial method, is obtained initial
Tap weights vector uses CMA blind equalization algorithm to initial tap weight vector, the equalizer tap weight vector after being restrained, note
For WM+1And it records；
The difference compares ΔmCalculation formula are as follows:
Wherein, PmFor reception power recorded before n-th communication, m=1,2 ..., M, M is recorded reception power
Total number；P ' is the reception power for the receiving end that n-th communication is calculated.
2. the weight vector initial method of the balanced device of indoor visible light communication system receiving end according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, it is described that balanced device is initialized using centre cap initial method, it is specific to obtain initial tap weight vector
Are as follows: according to the order of balanced device, determine initial tap weight vector, it, will in initial tap weight vector when order j is odd numberThe corresponding position of rank is set as 1, and other positions are set as 0；It, will in initial tap weight vector when order j is even number
Rank orThe corresponding position of rank is set as 1, and other positions are set as 0.
3. the weight vector initial method of the balanced device of indoor visible light communication system receiving end according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the expression formula of the initial tap weight vector are as follows: when order j is odd number,When order j is even number,Or
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