CN107104596A - A kind of quasi- boost switching DC/DC converters of the high-gain of low voltage stress - Google Patents

A kind of quasi- boost switching DC/DC converters of the high-gain of low voltage stress Download PDF

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CN107104596A
CN107104596A CN201710371907.2A CN201710371907A CN107104596A CN 107104596 A CN107104596 A CN 107104596A CN 201710371907 A CN201710371907 A CN 201710371907A CN 107104596 A CN107104596 A CN 107104596A
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diode
gain
switch pipe
voltage
load
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张波
金林
丘东元
郑泰山
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South China University of Technology SCUT
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of DC power input into DC power output without intermediate conversion into AC by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Dc-Dc Converters (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器，包括第一二极管、第一开关管、直流输入电源、电感、第二二极管、电容、第三二极管、第二开关管、输出电容和负载。所述的第一二极管的阴极与直流输入电源的负极和第一开关管的源极连接。所述的直流输入电源的正极与第三二极管的阳极和电感的一端连接。所述的电感的另一端与第二二极管的阳极和第二开关管的漏极连接。所述的第二二极管的阴极与第一开关管的漏极和电容的一端连接。所述电容的另一端与第一二极管的阳极、第二开关管的源极、输出电容的一端和负载的一端连接。本发明结构简单，具有较高的稳态增益，适用于非隔离型高增益直流电压变换场合。

The present invention provides a high-gain quasi-switching step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress, which includes a first diode, a first switch tube, a DC input power supply, an inductor, a second diode, a capacitor, a third two Pole tube, second switch tube, output capacitor and load. The cathode of the first diode is connected with the negative pole of the DC input power supply and the source pole of the first switch tube. The anode of the DC input power supply is connected to the anode of the third diode and one end of the inductor. The other end of the inductor is connected with the anode of the second diode and the drain of the second switch tube. The cathode of the second diode is connected with the drain of the first switch tube and one end of the capacitor. The other end of the capacitor is connected with the anode of the first diode, the source of the second switch tube, one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load. The invention has simple structure and high steady-state gain, and is suitable for non-isolated high-gain DC voltage conversion occasions.

Description

一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器A high-gain quasi-switching step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress

技术领域technical field

本发明涉及DC/DC变换器领域，具体涉及一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器。The invention relates to the field of DC/DC converters, in particular to a high-gain quasi-switch step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress.

背景技术Background technique

随着能源效率越来越受到重视，新能源发电取得了长足的发展，然而像太阳能，风能和燃料电池等清洁能源发电的输出直流电压一般较低，无法直接用于逆变并网或某些高电压等级的负载供电。因此，需要高增益的DC/DC变换器来将低输出电压进行抬升。而传统的Boost变换器因为结构简单常被用于升压电路，但要实现高增益，其开关管的占空比往往较大，这不利于系统的能源转换效率的提高，而Z源/准Z源DC/DC变换器的提出，确实将输入输出电压增益提高了不少，不过其中的Z源和准Z源网络含有两个电感和电容使得电路的体积较大，不利于系统的小型化和轻量化。而近年所提出的准开关升压网络，仅含有一个电感和一个电容，就可以实现和传统Z源网络的相同的升压能力，而将准开关升压网络用于DC-DC电路中，对其进行适当的改造，不仅可以使其升压能力得到进一步的提升，并且开关设备的电压应力也能进一步降低。As energy efficiency is getting more and more attention, new energy power generation has made great progress. However, the output DC voltage of clean energy power generation such as solar energy, wind energy and fuel cells is generally low, which cannot be directly used for inverter grid connection or some High voltage level load power supply. Therefore, a high-gain DC/DC converter is required to boost the low output voltage. The traditional Boost converter is often used in the boost circuit because of its simple structure, but to achieve high gain, the duty cycle of the switch tube is often large, which is not conducive to the improvement of the energy conversion efficiency of the system, and the Z source/quasi The proposal of the Z-source DC/DC converter has indeed increased the input and output voltage gain a lot, but the Z-source and the quasi-Z-source network contain two inductors and capacitors, which makes the circuit larger, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the system. and lightweight. However, the quasi-switching boost network proposed in recent years only contains one inductor and one capacitor, which can achieve the same boosting capability as the traditional Z-source network, and the quasi-switching boost network is used in DC-DC circuits. Its proper transformation can not only further improve its boosting capacity, but also further reduce the voltage stress of the switchgear.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足，提出一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器，具体技术方案。The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art, and propose a high-gain quasi-switching step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress, and a specific technical solution.

一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器，包括第一二极管、第一开关管、直流输入电源、电感、第二二极管、电容、第三二极管、第二开关管、输出电容和负载；所述第一二极管的阴极与直流输入电源的负极和第一开关管的源极连接；所述直流输入电源的正极与第三二极管的阳极和电感的一端连接；所述电感的另一端与第二二极管的阳极和第二开关管的漏极连接；所述第二二极管的阴极与第一开关管的漏极和电容的一端连接；所述电容的另一端与第一二极管的阳极、第二开关管的源极、输出电容的一端和负载的一端连接；所述输出电容的另一端和第三二极管的阴极和负载的另一端连接。该变换器稳态输出时的电压增益G为：A high-gain quasi-switching step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress, comprising a first diode, a first switch tube, a DC input power supply, an inductor, a second diode, a capacitor, a third diode, The second switching tube, output capacitor and load; the cathode of the first diode is connected to the negative pole of the DC input power supply and the source pole of the first switching tube; the positive pole of the DC input power supply is connected to the anode of the third diode connected to one end of the inductance; the other end of the inductance is connected to the anode of the second diode and the drain of the second switch tube; the cathode of the second diode is connected to the drain of the first switch tube and the capacitor One end is connected; the other end of the capacitor is connected to the anode of the first diode, the source of the second switch tube, one end of the output capacitor and one end of the load; the other end of the output capacitor is connected to the third diode The cathode is connected to the other end of the load. The voltage gain G of the converter at steady state output is:

其中Vo表示变换器负载侧的输出电压，Vi为输入直流电压源，D为占空比。 Among them, V o represents the output voltage on the load side of the converter, V i is the input DC voltage source, and D is the duty cycle.

与现有技术相比本发明具有如下优点：相比于传统的Z源、准Z源DC/DC变换器，少了一组电感电容元件，多了一个开关管和二极管，元器件数量总数相同，相对体积更小；另外在相同的占空比和输入电压的情况下，具有更高的输出电压。即相同的输入电压和输出电压条件下，本发明电路只需要较小的占空比就可以将低等级电压升至高等级的电压，而且结构简单，两个开关管同步动作，控制方便，开关管和二极管的电压应力小，工作效率高，因此本发明电路具有很广泛的应用前景。Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages: Compared with the traditional Z-source and quasi-Z-source DC/DC converters, there is one less set of inductance and capacitance elements, one more switch tube and diode, and the total number of components is the same , the relative volume is smaller; in addition, under the same duty cycle and input voltage, it has a higher output voltage. That is to say, under the same input voltage and output voltage conditions, the circuit of the present invention can raise the low-level voltage to a high-level voltage only with a small duty cycle, and the structure is simple, the two switch tubes operate synchronously, and the control is convenient. The voltage stress of the diode and the diode is small, and the work efficiency is high, so the circuit of the present invention has very wide application prospects.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1是一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器电路图。Figure 1 is a circuit diagram of a high-gain quasi-switch step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress.

图2是一个开关周期主要元件的电压电流波形图。Figure 2 is a voltage and current waveform diagram of the main components of a switching cycle.

图3a、图3b是图1所示电路分别在第一开关管和第二开关管同时导通、第一开关管和第二开关管同时关断时，在一个开关周期内电路模态图。Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b are circuit modal diagrams in one switching cycle when the first switch tube and the second switch tube are turned on at the same time and the first switch tube and the second switch tube are turned off at the same time respectively in the circuit shown in Fig. 1 .

图4是本发明实例中所述变换器与Z源DC/DC变换器和Boost变换器的电压增益Vo/Vi随占空比D变化的比较图。Fig. 4 is a comparison diagram of the voltage gain V o /V i of the converter in the example of the present invention, the Z-source DC/DC converter and the Boost converter as a function of the duty cycle D.

图5是本发明电路在D＝0.4时稳态工作的相关变量的MATLAB/simulink仿真波形图。Fig. 5 is a MATLAB/simulink simulation waveform diagram of relevant variables of steady-state operation of the circuit of the present invention when D=0.4.

具体实施方式detailed description

以下结合实施例及附图对本发明作进一步详细的描述说明，但本发明的实施方式不限于此。需指出的是，以下若有未特别详细说明之过程或参数，均是本领域技术人员可参照现有技术理解或实现的。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. It should be noted that, if there are any processes or parameters that are not specifically described in detail below, those skilled in the art can understand or implement them with reference to the prior art.

本实例的基本拓扑结构和各主要元件电压电流参考方向如图1所示。为了分析方便，电路结构中的器件均视为理想器件。一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器，其包括第一二极管D1、第一开关管S1、直流输入电源Vin、电感L、第二二极管D2、电容C、第三二极管D3、第二开关管S2、输出电容Co和负载RL。The basic topology of this example and the voltage and current reference direction of each main component are shown in Figure 1. For the convenience of analysis, the devices in the circuit structure are regarded as ideal devices. A high-gain quasi-switching step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress, which includes a first diode D 1 , a first switch tube S 1 , a DC input power supply V in , an inductor L, and a second diode D 2. Capacitor C, third diode D 3 , second switch tube S 2 , output capacitor C o and load R L .

本实例中设定第一、第二开关管的驱动信号为Vg、输入电压为Vi、输出电压为Vo、电容电压为VC、电感电流为iL、第一、第二二极管电流为iD1、iD2、第三二极管电压为VD3。设定第一、第二开关管导通时的占空比为D，设定输出电压增益为G，设定开关周期为Ts。波形图如图2所示。In this example, set the driving signal of the first and second switching tubes as V g , the input voltage as V i , the output voltage as V o , the capacitor voltage as V C , the inductor current as i L , the first and second diodes The tube current is i D1 , i D2 , and the third diode voltage is V D3 . The duty cycle when the first and second switching tubes are turned on is set as D, the output voltage gain is set as G, and the switching period is set as T s . The wave form is shown in Figure 2.

一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器，在一个开关周期(t0～t2)内不同阶段的2个工作模态，分别描述如下：A high-gain quasi-switching step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress, the two operating modes in different stages within a switching cycle (t 0 ~ t 2 ) are described as follows:

工作模态1(t0～t1)：如图3a所示，第一、第二开关管同步动作，其驱动电压Vg从低电平变为高电平，第一、第二二开关管同时导通，第一、第二二极管承受反向电压截止，第三二极管承受正向电压导通，直流输入电源和电容通过第一、第二开关管给电感充电，同时通过第三二极管向输出电容和负载供电。Working mode 1 (t 0 ~ t 1 ): as shown in Figure 3a, the first and second switching tubes operate synchronously, and the driving voltage V g changes from low level to high level, and the first and second switching tubes The tubes are turned on at the same time, the first and second diodes are cut off under reverse voltage, and the third diode is turned on under forward voltage. The DC input power and capacitor charge the inductor through the first and second switch tubes, and at the same time pass through The third diode supplies power to the output capacitor and the load.

工作模态2(t0～t1)：如图3b所示，第一、第二开关管同步动作，其驱动电压Vg从高电平变为低电平，第一、第二开关管同时关断，第一、第二二极管承受正向电压导通，第三二极管承受反向电压截止，直流输入电源和电感通过第一、第二二极管给电容充电，同时通过第三二极管向输出电容和负载供电。Working mode 2 (t 0 ~ t 1 ): as shown in Figure 3b, the first and second switching tubes operate synchronously, the driving voltage V g changes from high level to low level, and the first and second switching tubes At the same time, the first and second diodes are turned on under the forward voltage, and the third diode is turned off under the reverse voltage. The DC input power supply and the inductor charge the capacitor through the first and second diodes, and at the same time pass through The third diode supplies power to the output capacitor and the load.

根据以上分析，运用伏秒平衡原理，即电感电压在一个开关周期内的平均值为零，因此得到式(1)，由式(1)得到输入电压Vi与电容电压VC关系式(2)。在开关管导通的区间，输出电压Vo等于输入电压Vi和电容电压VC之和，所以根据关系式(2)可以进一步得到输出电压Vo和输入电压Vin的关系式为式(3)。According to the above analysis, the principle of volt-second balance is used, that is, the average value of the inductor voltage in one switching cycle is zero, so the formula (1) is obtained, and the relationship between the input voltage V i and the capacitor voltage V C is obtained from the formula (1) (2 ). In the interval when the switch tube is turned on, the output voltage V o is equal to the sum of the input voltage V i and the capacitor voltage V C , so according to the relational expression (2), the relational expression between the output voltage V o and the input voltage V in can be obtained as the formula ( 3).

(VC+Vi)D+(Vi-VC)(1-D)＝0 (1)(V C +V i )D+(V i -V C )(1-D)＝0 (1)

则本发明所述的一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器稳态输出时的电压增益G为：Then the voltage gain G when the high-gain quasi-switch step-up DC/DC converter of a kind of low voltage stress of the present invention outputs in steady state is:

Boost变换器和Z源DC/DC变换器的稳态增益分别为1/(1-D)和(1-D)/(1-2D)(D为占空比)，本实例电路与Boost变换器和Z源DC/DC变换器的稳态增益比较图如图4所示，由图可知，本发明电路在占空比D不等于或大于0.5的情况下，输出电压增益G就可以达到很大，明显高于其他两种变换器的电压增益，而且本发明实例仅含有一个电感和电容，体积相对较小，结构简单。另外由于本发明实例的开关管同步动作，只需要一路驱动就可以控制。The steady-state gains of the Boost converter and the Z-source DC/DC converter are 1/(1-D) and (1-D)/(1-2D) respectively (D is the duty cycle). This example circuit is the same as the Boost converter The steady-state gain comparison diagram of the converter and the Z-source DC/DC converter is shown in Figure 4. It can be seen from the figure that the output voltage gain G of the circuit of the present invention can reach a large value when the duty ratio D is not equal to or greater than 0.5. Large, obviously higher than the voltage gain of the other two converters, and the example of the present invention only contains an inductor and capacitor, relatively small in size and simple in structure. In addition, due to the synchronous action of the switch tubes in the example of the present invention, only one drive is needed to control it.

以Vi＝10V，占空比D＝0.4为例，给出了本发明电路中相关变量的仿真结果如图5所示。D＝0.4时，对应的输出电压增益G＝6，电容电压VC＝50V，输出电压Vo＝60V，开关管电压应力VS1＝VS2＝50V，二极管电压应力VD1＝VD2＝VD3＝50V。Taking V i =10V and duty cycle D=0.4 as an example, the simulation results of relevant variables in the circuit of the present invention are shown in FIG. 5 . When D=0.4, the corresponding output voltage gain is G=6, capacitor voltage V C =50V, output voltage V o =60V, switch tube voltage stress V S1 =V S2 =50V, diode voltage stress V D1 =V D2 =V D3 = 50V.

综上所述，本发明提出的一种低电压应力的高增益准开关升压DC/DC变换器，结构简单，控制简单，具有较高的稳态增益，开关设备的电压增益都低于输出电压，适用于非隔离型高增益直流电压变换场合。In summary, the present invention proposes a high-gain quasi-switching step-up DC/DC converter with low voltage stress, simple structure, simple control, high steady-state gain, and the voltage gain of the switching device is lower than the output Voltage, suitable for non-isolated high-gain DC voltage conversion occasions.

上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式，但本发明的实施方式并不受所述实施例的限制，其他的任何为背离本发明的精神实质与原理下所作的改变、修饰、替代、组合、简化，均应为等效的置换方式，都包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above-mentioned embodiment is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited by the embodiment, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, and combinations deviate from the spirit and principle of the present invention , simplification, all should be equivalent replacement methods, and are all included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of quasi- boost switching DC/DC converters of the high-gain of low voltage stress, it is characterised in that including the first diode (D1), first switch pipe (S1), direct-current input power supplying (Vin), inductance (L), the second diode (D2), electric capacity (C), the 3rd diode (D3), second switch pipe (S2), output capacitance (Co) and load (RL)；First diode (the D1) negative electrode and direct current input electricity Source (Vin) negative pole and first switch pipe (S1) source electrode connection；Direct-current input power supplying (the Vin) positive pole and the 3rd diode (D3) anode and inductance (L) one end connection；The other end and the second diode (D of the inductance (L)2) anode and second Switching tube (S2) drain electrode connection；Second diode (the D2) negative electrode and first switch pipe (S1) drain electrode and electric capacity (C) One end is connected；The other end and the first diode (D of the electric capacity (C)1) anode, second switch pipe (S2) source electrode, output electricity Hold (Co) one end and load (RL) one end connection；Output capacitance (the Co) the other end and the 3rd diode (D3) the moon Pole and load (RL) the other end connection.
2. requiring a kind of quasi- boost switching DC/DC converters of high-gain of described low voltage stress according to right 1, it is main special Levy and be that the first diode, the second diode bear backward voltage and cut when first switch pipe, the two or two switching tube are simultaneously turned on Only, the 3rd diode bears forward voltage conducting, and direct-current input power supplying and electric capacity give electricity by first switch pipe, second switch pipe Sense charging, while by the 3rd diode to output capacitance and load supplying；When simultaneously first switch pipe, second switch pipe are closed Disconnected, the first diode, the second diode bear forward voltage conducting, and the 3rd diode bears backward voltage cut-off, direct current input Power supply and inductance give electric capacity to charge by the first diode, the second diode, at the same by the 3rd diode to output capacitance and Load supplying.
3. requiring a kind of quasi- boost switching DC/DC converters of high-gain of described low voltage stress according to right 1, its feature exists Voltage gain G when stable state is exported is：
Wherein VoRepresent the output voltage of converter load-side, ViFor input dc power potential source, D is duty Than.
CN201710371907.2A 2017-05-24 2017-05-24 A kind of quasi- boost switching DC/DC converters of the high-gain of low voltage stress Pending CN107104596A (en)

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CN108923652A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-11-30 广东工业大学 A kind of high-gain biswitch DC-DC converter
CN109889037A (en) * 2017-12-06 2019-06-14 群光电能科技股份有限公司 The circuit structure of the switching power supply
CN110635684A (en) * 2019-09-09 2019-12-31 南通大学 A Single Transistor Quasi-Z Source Boost Converter
CN111162672A (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-05-15 广东工业大学 DC-DC converter based on X-type switch network and switch power supply
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Cited By (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109889037A (en) * 2017-12-06 2019-06-14 群光电能科技股份有限公司 The circuit structure of the switching power supply
CN108923652A (en) * 2018-08-24 2018-11-30 广东工业大学 A kind of high-gain biswitch DC-DC converter
CN110635684A (en) * 2019-09-09 2019-12-31 南通大学 A Single Transistor Quasi-Z Source Boost Converter
CN111162672A (en) * 2020-01-15 2020-05-15 广东工业大学 DC-DC converter based on X-type switch network and switch power supply
CN111162672B (en) * 2020-01-15 2021-04-16 广东工业大学 A DC-DC converter and switching power supply based on X-type switching network
CN115664201A (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-01-31 江苏韩娜新能源有限公司 High-gain low-loss Boost converter and power supply system thereof
CN115664201B (en) * 2022-10-27 2023-10-24 国网浙江省电力有限公司杭州市临安区供电公司 Boost converter with high gain and low loss and power supply system thereof

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