CN107101827A - A kind of low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault online test method - Google Patents
A kind of low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault online test method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
- G01M13/02—Gearings; Transmission mechanisms
- G01M13/021—Gearings
Abstract
A kind of low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault online test method, measures input shaft rotating speed pulse signal and input shaft torque signal first；Torque signal is carried out to remove average value processing；Synchronous time average processing TSA processing is done to torque signal using rotational speed pulse signal, target frequency is respectively turn frequency of input shaft and output shaft；Calculate the root-mean-square value of torque signal after Synchronous time average processing TSA processing, the index monitored as gear condition；The index that the torque signal not collected in the same time is extracted is depicted as gear condition monitoring curve；The present invention realizes the status monitoring to low-speed heavy-loaded gear using rotational speed pulse signal and torque signal, and initial failure is found in time, design to gear and is machined with important meaning, has very high application value in fields such as gear research and development tests.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technology for mechanical fault diagnosis field, more particularly to a kind of low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault is examined online
Survey method.
Background technology
In fields such as mining machinery, wind-power electricity generation, large ships, gear is operated generally under the operating mode of low-speed heave-load, is disliked
Bad working environment causes low-speed heavy-loaded gear crackle or even broken teeth failure to happen occasionally.From accident potential is eliminated, personnel are reduced
Property loss, the economic benefit of enterprise angularly considers that carrying out on-line checking to low-speed heavy-loaded gear has great reality
Meaning.At present, the technology based on vibration measurement and analysis achieves success in Gear Fault Diagnosis field, various new technologies, new
Method is continued to bring out.But still face problems with the fault diagnosis field of low-speed heavy-loaded gear：(1) vibration information of gear
By a complicated bang path (tooth axle-wheel-bearing-casing) from the source of trouble to sensor, Signal-to-Noise is low；(2) it is low
The characteristic frequency of fast heavy-duty gear vibration signal is low, and vibration and speed are insensitive, are easily submerged in the vibration signal of other equipment
And its in ambient noise.Above-mentioned reason causes the technology based on vibration measurement and analysis to be used for the on-line checking of low-speed heavy-loaded gear
Effect is undesirable, it is impossible to find the failures such as the infant cracking of low-speed heavy-loaded gear in time.Therefore, it is necessary to find a kind of brand-new
It is adapted to the condition detection method of low-speed heavy-loaded gear.
The content of the invention
To overcome prior art shortcoming, object of the present invention is to provide a kind of low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault is online
Detection method, crack defect and its evolving trend for finding gear in time.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is：
A kind of low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault online test method, comprises the following steps：
Step one, torque sensor and photoelectric sensor are installed at driving gear shaft；
Step 2, using data acquisition equipment, the rotational speed pulse signal T (t) that synchronous acquisition photoelectric sensor is measured
The corresponding tacho-pulse discrete signal T of the torque signal y (t) measured with torque sensor, rotational speed pulse signal T (t)n=T
(n), n=1,2,3 ... N, moment of torsion discrete signal yn=y (n), n=1,2, wherein 3 ... N, sampling interval are ds,Fs is
Sample frequency, sampling number is N；
Step 3, carries out removing average value processing to torque signal y (t), obtains fluctuation of the moment of torsion with the time,
In formula,Represent the torque signal gone after average；
Step 4, utilizes tacho-pulse discrete signal TnTo moment of torsion discrete signal ynMake Synchronous time average processing TSA, mesh
Mark frequency is respectively that slow-speed shaft and high speed shaft turn frequency；
Step 5, calculates Synchronous time average signalThe index that is monitored as gear condition of root-mean-square value；
Step 6, draws the status monitoring trend of gear.
Turn frequency by input shaft of target frequency, Synchronous time average processing TSA realizes that step is as follows：
1) using rotational speed pulse signal T (t) rising edge by moment of torsion discrete signal ynIt is divided into p sections, rising edge correspondence is previous
The finish time of section and latter section of initial time；
2) interpolation processing is carried out to each segment signal after segmentation, it is ensured that every section of points are identical, every section after interpolation processing
Signal points are M；
3) the p segment signals after interpolation are added, averaged, Synchronous time average signal is expressed as：
In formula,The signal after Synchronous time average is represented,Represent by the splitting signal after interpolation, p tables
Show segmentation hop count.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
In normal gear transmission process, due to the influence of dynamic stiffness, the transmission moment of torsion of gear is fluctuated in a small range；Work as tooth
When crack fault occurs for wheel, the torsion dynamic stiffness reduction of failure tooth, the transmission torque ripple increase of gear, and occur with failure
The swing circle of gear is the impact at interval.Based on this phenomenon, compared to the gear condition detection method based on vibration information, this hair
Bright method has good anti-interference and accuracy, the initial failure of gear can be found in time, in grinding for low-speed heavy-loaded gear
The fields such as hair experiment have very high application value.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the inventive method flow chart.
Fig. 2 is embodiment gear rotational speed pulse signal and input shaft torque signal.
Fig. 3 is that Synchronous time average handles TSA method flows.
Fig. 4 is that embodiment Synchronous time average handles the input shaft torque signal after TSA processing.
Fig. 5 is that embodiment is devaned preceding 8 hours input shaft gears status monitoring tendency chart.
Embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Certain enterprise needs to subtract vehicle bridge master gear progress running status on-line monitoring, so as to find the early stage event of gear in time
Barrier, lock gear design weak link.Generally select and status monitoring is carried out to gear based on vibration information, but in low-speed heave-load work
The signal to noise ratio of the vibration signal of condition lower gear is low, be easily disturbed, it is impossible to the initial failure of gear is found in time, below by this hair
The bright status monitoring for solving the problems, such as low-speed heavy-loaded gear.
A kind of reference picture 1, low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault online test method, comprises the following steps：
Step one, torque sensor is installed at the motor shaft and gear shaft shaft coupling of gear, installed in gear input shaft
Photoelectric sensor；
Step 2, using data acquisition equipment, the rotational speed pulse signal T (t) that synchronous acquisition photoelectric sensor is measured
The torque signal y (t) measured with torque sensor, as shown in Figure 2；The discrete letter of the corresponding tacho-pulses of rotational speed pulse signal T (t)
Number Tn=T (n), n=1,2,3 ... N, moment of torsion discrete signal yn=y (n), n=1,2, wherein 3 ... N, sampling interval are ds,Fs is sample frequency, and sampling number is N；
Step 3, carries out removing average value processing to torque signal y (t), obtains fluctuation of the moment of torsion with the time,
In formula,Represent the torque signal gone after average；
Step 4, utilizes tacho-pulse discrete signal TnTo moment of torsion discrete signal ynMake Synchronous time average processing TSA, mesh
Mark frequency is respectively that slow-speed shaft and high speed shaft turn frequency；
TSA handling processes by target frequency of input shaft are as shown in figure 3, result is as shown in figure 4, with target frequency
Turn frequency for input shaft, Synchronous time average processing TSA realizes that step is as follows：
1) using rotational speed pulse signal T (t) rising edge by moment of torsion discrete signal ynIt is divided into p sections, rising edge correspondence is previous
The finish time of section and latter section of initial time；
2) interpolation processing is carried out to each segment signal after segmentation, it is ensured that every section of points are identical, every section after interpolation processing
Signal points are M；
3) the p segment signals after interpolation are added, averaged, Synchronous time average signal is expressed as：
In formula,The signal after Synchronous time average is represented,Represent by the splitting signal after interpolation, p tables
Show segmentation hop count；
Step 5, calculates Synchronous time average signalThe index that is monitored as gear condition of root-mean-square value；
Step 6, draws the status monitoring trend of gear, the state trend of input shaft gear is as shown in figure 5, the mistake of gear
Effect form is fatigue crack.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert
The embodiment of the present invention is only limitted to this, for general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, is not taking off
On the premise of from present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, the present invention should be all considered as belonging to by institute
Claims of submission determine the protection domain of patent.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault online test method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one, torque sensor and photoelectric sensor are installed at driving gear shaft；
Step 2, using data acquisition equipment, the rotational speed pulse signal T (t) that synchronous acquisition photoelectric sensor is measured is with turning round
The corresponding tacho-pulse discrete signal T of the torque signal y (t) that square sensor is measured, rotational speed pulse signal T (t)n=T (n), n=
1,2,3 ... N, moment of torsion discrete signal yn=y (n), n=1,2, wherein 3 ... N, sampling interval are ds,Fs is sampling frequency
Rate, sampling number is N；
Step 3, carries out removing average value processing to torque signal y (t), obtains fluctuation of the moment of torsion with the time,
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In formula,Represent the torque signal gone after average；
Step 4, utilizes tacho-pulse discrete signal TnTo moment of torsion discrete signal ynMake Synchronous time average processing TSA, target frequency
Rate is respectively that slow-speed shaft and high speed shaft turn frequency；
Step 5, calculates Synchronous time average signalThe index that is monitored as gear condition of root-mean-square value；
Step 6, draws the status monitoring trend of gear.
2. a kind of low-speed heavy-loaded gear crack fault online test method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：With mesh
It is that input shaft turns frequency to mark frequency, and Synchronous time average processing TSA realizes that step is as follows：
1) using rotational speed pulse signal T (t) rising edge by moment of torsion discrete signal ynIt is divided into p sections, the knot of rising edge correspondence the last period
Beam moment and latter section of initial time；
2) interpolation processing is carried out to each segment signal after segmentation, it is ensured that every section of points are identical, per segment signal after interpolation processing
Count as M；
3) the p segment signals after interpolation are added, averaged, Synchronous time average signal is expressed as：
In formula,The signal after Synchronous time average is represented,Represent by the splitting signal after interpolation, p is represented point
Cut hop count.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108362492A (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2018-08-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Vibration separation method suitable for fault diagnosis of planetary gear train at low rotating speed |
| CN109657989A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Helicopter high-speed overload input stage health state evaluation method |
| CN109813546A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-28 | 苏州微著设备诊断技术有限公司 | A kind of gear-box percussion abnormal sound off-line test method |
| CN110844111A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-28 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Multi-characteristic index bevel gear health state assessment method |
| CN111366360A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-07-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Method for detecting early fault of planetary gear box by using rotating speed signal |
| CN114997000A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-02 | 湖南大学 | Dynamic response analysis method for multi-stage gear transmission system under different types of cracks |
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Cited By (11)
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| CN108362492B (en) * | 2018-01-11 | 2019-12-06 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | vibration separation method suitable for fault diagnosis of planetary gear train at low rotating speed |
| CN109657989A (en) * | 2018-12-20 | 2019-04-19 | 南京航空航天大学 | Helicopter high-speed overload input stage health state evaluation method |
| CN109813546A (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2019-05-28 | 苏州微著设备诊断技术有限公司 | A kind of gear-box percussion abnormal sound off-line test method |
| CN109813546B (en) * | 2019-03-20 | 2020-09-15 | 苏州微著设备诊断技术有限公司 | Off-line detection method for abnormal knocking sound of gear box |
| CN110844111A (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2020-02-28 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Multi-characteristic index bevel gear health state assessment method |
| CN110844111B (en) * | 2019-10-11 | 2022-11-04 | 中国直升机设计研究所 | Multi-characteristic index bevel gear health state assessment method |
| CN111366360A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-07-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Method for detecting early fault of planetary gear box by using rotating speed signal |
| CN111366360B (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2022-03-29 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Method for detecting early fault of planetary gear box by using rotating speed signal |
| CN114997000A (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2022-09-02 | 湖南大学 | Dynamic response analysis method for multi-stage gear transmission system under different types of cracks |
| CN114997000B (en) * | 2022-05-24 | 2024-04-16 | 湖南大学 | Dynamic response analysis method for multi-stage gear transmission system under different types of cracks |
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Effective date of registration: 20231216 Address after: 201400 floor 1, building 2, No. 1876, CHENQiao Road, Fengxian District, Shanghai Patentee after: Shanghai Zhengtongan Technology Service Co.,Ltd. Address before: 215211 558 FENHU Road, Wujiang District, Suzhou, Jiangsu Patentee before: SUZHOU VEIZU EQUIPMENT DIAGNOSIS TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD. |