CN1070996A - Moment compared type automatic gearbox - Google Patents
Moment compared type automatic gearbox Download PDFInfo
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- CN1070996A CN1070996A CN 92110092 CN92110092A CN1070996A CN 1070996 A CN1070996 A CN 1070996A CN 92110092 CN92110092 CN 92110092 CN 92110092 A CN92110092 A CN 92110092A CN 1070996 A CN1070996 A CN 1070996A
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- inertia rings
- elastic member
- gear train
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Abstract
A kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox, comprise a differential gear train (for example NGW type or WW type), wheel shaft end at each planet wheel respectively is fixed with a crank, each crank end is fixed with an eccentric wheel respectively, one elastic member is installed on it, comprises that also one is installed in the free wheel device of its counter-rotating of prevention of (routine WW type) on (for example NGW type) on the internal gear or the planet carrier.This automatic transmission can and be adjusted velocity ratio automatically according to the loading moment variation, exports different moment.Be applicable to the equipment that rotary inertia is big, can significantly improve the starting torque of motor or internal-combustion engine, also can be as the automatic speed changing transmission of automobile.
Description
The present invention relates to speed changer, particularly a kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox.
Any machinery or vehicle, when starting or starting, need apply bigger moment, progressively raising along with the rotating speed or the speed of a motor vehicle, required moment also correspondingly progressively reduces, moment ratio when starting and normal operation, by the rotary inertia and the rated speed of machinery movable part, or the weight of vehicle and the speed of a motor vehicle determine.Its moment and change in rotational speed are to change by the rule of permanent power transmission within the specific limits.
And the motor of driving device equipment or the internal-combustion engine on the automobile all belong to permanent moment of torsion type basically, and this just contradicts with the drive characteristic of machinery or vehicle.For this reason, required moment configuration motor when Machine Design person has to start by machinery, but once starting, induction-motor load is very little, and power factor is very low, causes energy waste.On automobile, the moment that constantly changes when people adopt the speed-changing gear box of permanent power transmission to adapt to this automobile running is generally all regulated by manual gearing, and is entirely with driver's experience, very high to driver's technical ability requirement during speed change.
Occurred in the prior art and can change the automatic transmission of adjusting velocity ratio according to loading moment.Its process is to measure the moment of load by sensor, calculates the velocity ratio that needs by computer again, adjusts velocity ratio automatically by hydraulic pressure, pneumatic or motorized motions speed changer then.Therefore, this automatic transmission relates to electronics, subjects such as servo-system and machinery, and principle, structure are all very complicated, are difficult for penetration and promotion.
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of simple in structurely, can change the moment compared type automatic gearbox of velocity ratio automatically according to the required moment variations of load.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox, comprise: a NGW type or NW type differential gear train, the wheel shaft end of each planet wheel of wherein said differential gear train respectively is fixed with a crank, the end of each crank is fixed with an eccentric shaft respectively, elastic member is installed on it, also comprise one be installed on the internal gear of described differential gear train this internal gear of prevention along with the free wheel device that turns to rotation of the switched in opposite of the sun gear of described differential gear train, wherein, the axle of described sun gear is an input shaft, and the axle of the planet carrier of described differential gear train is an output shaft.
Speed changer of the present invention, turning to of its input shaft and output shaft must be consistent, and the structure of above-mentioned speed changer has been guaranteed this requirement.
If power is imported by sun gear, output then has two kinds of possibilities, and promptly planet carrier and internal gear are all exportable.If by planet carrier output, then it turns to and turns to consistently with sun gear, meets the requirements.But must stop the internal gear counter-rotating this moment, so be provided with free wheel device thereon.If by internal gear output, it turns to opposite with sun gear, and is undesirable, should stop, so free wheel device also has this function.
Its automatic speed changing process of speed changer of the present invention is as follows: motor (or internal-combustion engine) passes to planet carrier by planet wheel and exports to load from the power of sun gear input.And the loading moment that changes also passes to the constant motor of moment (or internal-combustion engine) by planet wheel.Owing to by crank, eccentric shaft elastic member is installed on the planet wheel wheel shaft, the motor desire drives this planet wheel, just must have stretching or compress the required moment of this elastic member, therefore, elastic force that can given this elastic member, make it to act on equilibrium of forces on crank, the eccentric shaft, like this, stretch or can rated moment that compress the required moment of this elastic member and just become motor drive the threshold moment of load with the motor rated moment.During motor work, this threshold moment and loading moment compare, greater than this threshold moment, when for example starting, electromotor overload has been described as loading moment, at this moment, motor just can overcome the threshold moment of this elastic member and drive planet wheel, and speed changer is started working, and carries out gearing down, by the bigger moment of planet carrier output, thereby drive load.At this moment, internal gear has the tendency of counterrotating, because free wheel device has been installed, thus can stop its counter-rotating, thus guarantee planet carrier deceleration rotation; If loading moment is less than this threshold moment, when for example running well, motor does not reach and overcomes this threshold moment and just directly internal gear and be rotated in the forward in the lump by sun gear, planet wheel band, and planet carrier and sun gear rotate synchronously, speed changer is not worked, and drives load with 1: 1 speed ratio.
This shows that this threshold moment is comparing with loading moment all the time, and carries out speed change automatically, so claim that speed changer of the present invention is a moment compared type automatic gearbox.Its advantage is, need not must be greater than load starting moment with motor (or internal-combustion engine) power selection, and the moment when only needing run well with load equates or bigger getting final product, thereby helps energy saving; Speed changer can automatic speed changing, changes and adjust output torque automatically according to loading moment, has realized mechanical automatic speed-changing, is particularly suitable for vehicle automatic transmission; And structure is also very simple, reliable for effect.
It is pointed out that elastic member not only provides the relatively threshold moment of moment, also have the energy storage effect, crank every revolution once, it just finish store and discharge potential energy each once.In the process that discharges potential energy, give acceleration moment to load, make progressively raising speed of load machinery.Speed changer from gearing down to the boosting velocity procedure of gearing down not, during beginning, the free wheel device folding is frequent, along with rotating speed improves, the folding frequency progressively descends, up to being parked on the disengaged position.Like this, speed changer is not reaching before 1: 1 speed ratio, and the moment of its output has pulsating nature.But the present invention is applicable to big machinery or the vehicle of starting rotary inertia, and machinery itself as a huge flywheel, can store the moment that absorbs pulsation especially, makes it to become stable moment.
According to total design of the present invention, also have a kind of technological scheme to be:
A kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox, comprise: a WW type differential gear train, wherein, the wheel shaft end of each planet wheel of described differential gear train respectively is fixed with a crank, the end of each crank is fixed with an eccentric shaft respectively, elastic member is housed on it, also comprise one be installed on the planet carrier of described differential gear train this planet carrier of prevention along with the free wheel device that turns to rotation of the switched in opposite of a sun gear of described differential gear train, wherein, the axle of this sun gear is an input shaft, and the axle of another sun gear of described differential gear train is an output shaft.
The working principle of this automatic transmission and preceding a kind of identical, different is owing to adopted WW type differential gear train, so consistent with turning to of axle shaft for guaranteeing input shaft, these two axles are respectively the axles of two sun gears of WW type differential gear train.In addition, for stoping planet carrier counterrotating when speed changer slows down output, so which is provided with free wheel device.
In above-mentioned two kinds of automatic transmission, elastic member can be stretching or the pressure spring that equates with planet wheel quantity, if or power can be supporting cylinder and the piston that equates with planet wheel quantity when big, the eccentric shaft of the crank end on one end of each spring or cylinder and piston and the planet wheel wheel shaft is hinged, the other end can be hinged with the eccentric shaft of crank end on the adjacent planet wheel wheel shaft or fix with rotatably being set in an axle sleeve that inputs or outputs on the axle, or also can be hinged on the end face of planet carrier by a bearing pin.Elastic member also can be an annular extension spring or annular rubber bar in addition, simultaneously, is arranged with pulley on each eccentric shaft, and this annular spring or annular rubber bar tensioning cuff are on each pulley.
The free wheel device that is adopted can be all kinds of free wheel devicees of using always, for example: roller type or Wedge type over running clutch.The present invention is in conjunction with the specified conditions of automatic transmission, and a kind of free wheel device that is made of inertia rings etc. is provided, and this free wheel device does not have frictional loss in running, and after the wearing and tearing of friction position, can compensate its wearing part automatically.
In addition, the quantity of planet wheel determines except need are considered the strength of materials of planet wheel in the differential gear train, also need consider whether balance of rated moment that elastic member acts on threshold moment on the eccentric shaft and motor input, if the threshold moment deficiency that produces, the quantity that can increase elastic member satisfies, must correspondingly increase the quantity of planet wheel like this, to disperse stressed and to improve transmission power.According to threshold moment, velocity ratio, transmission power and gear material intensity, planet wheel can be selected three to nine for use.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe most preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, to further specify other advantages of the present invention.Wherein,
Fig. 1 is the designs simplification schematic representation of a kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox of the present invention;
Fig. 2 and 3 is designs simplification schematic representation of representing to be provided with by different way elastic member respectively;
Fig. 4 has represented to have the designs simplification schematic representation of the automatic transmission of another kind of elastic member;
Fig. 5 is the designs simplification schematic representation of another kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox of the present invention.
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox of the present invention comprises a NGW type differential gear train, wherein respectively is fixed with a crank 2 in the wheel shaft end of each planet wheel 1.The end of each crank 2 is provided with eccentric shaft 3, each eccentric shaft 3 respectively with an elastic member 4, for example an end of extension spring or pressure spring is hinged, and the axle sleeve 401 on the axle 501 of the other end of this spring 4 and the sun gear 5 that rotatably is sleeved on this differential gear train fixes.Perhaps, the other end of spring 4 also can be hinged on (not shown) on the end face 902 of planet carrier 9 by a bearing pin.If crank 2 is fixed on the other end of the wheel shaft of planet wheel 1, then spring 4 just is installed in the opposite side of planet carrier 9, and the other end of spring 4 just can fix or be hinged on by a bearing pin (not shown) on the other end of planet carrier 9 with the axle sleeve of axle on 901 that rotatably is sleeved on planet carrier 9.In the present embodiment, the axle 501 and 901 of sun gear 5 and planet carrier 9 is respectively the input and output axle of speed changer.Both turning to must be identical, is made as to be rotated in the forward.In order to stop internal gear 6 counter-rotatings, must be provided with the free wheel device that stops these internal gear 6 counter-rotatings on it.In the present embodiment, this free wheel device can adopt following structure, promptly, one sinistral external thread 601 and a dextrorotation outside thread 602 are set on the outer circumferential face of internal gear 6, on this left and right screw thread 601,602, correspondingly respectively install simultaneously an inertia rings 7 and that has levogyrate inner thread have dextrorotation internal thread inertia rings 7 ', the exterior edge face 701,701 of two inertia rings ' be plane, as rubbing surface.Correspondingly, respectively the left and right side in the exterior edge face of this two inertia rings respectively be provided with a static friction sheet 801,801 that fixes with casing 8 '.Simultaneously, two inertia rings 7,7 ' between be provided with and make both circumferentially synchronous pins 702, one end of this pin and an inertia rings, for example the interior edge face of left side inertia rings 7 fixes, its the other end can stretch into another inertia rings axially and movably, for example right side inertia rings 7 ' interior edge face on a hole 702 ' within.
In speed changer when starting,, loading moment is bigger, and sun gear 5 is rotated in the forward, and at first overcomes the tension force of spring 4 and drives the planet wheel rotation, thereby drive the also forward rotation of slowing down of planet carrier 9, and it 901 just can export bigger moment.At this moment, counterrotating can take place in internal gear 6, and inertia rings 7,7 ' do not rotate because of effect of inertia, just be rotated in the forward with respect to internal gear 6, like this, inertia rings 7,7 ' move with regard to outwards distinguishing because of being threaded vertically with internal gear 6, its exterior edge face 701,701 ' very is fast just prop up respectively static friction sheet 801,801 ', because of frictional force increases, thereby by inertia rings 7,7 ' prevention internal gear 6 counterrotatings.Behind load starting, loading moment reduces gradually, when less than threshold moment, planet wheel 1 does not rotate, sun gear 5 is rotated in the forward moving in the lump by planet wheel 1 direct drive internal gear 6, this moment, whole speed changer train synchronizedly ran, and was equivalent to speed changer and did not work, speed ratio is 1: 1, equals motor and directly drives load.At this moment, inertia rings 7,7 ' with respect to internal gear 6 counterrotatings, just can be vertically to intrinsic displacement, disengaging static friction sheet 801,801 ' and along with internal gear 6 rotates together.This shows, by inertia rings 7,7 ' and static friction sheet 801,801 ' etc. the free wheel device that constitutes have the effect that stops internal gear 6 counterrotatings, and when internal gear 6 was rotated in the forward, inertia rings 7,7 ' contact with static friction sheet 801,801 ' not was not so just there is frictional loss yet.In addition, because inertia rings 7,7 ' exterior edge face 701,701 ' can cause wearing and tearing with static friction sheet 801,801 ' frequent friction, can cause like this inertia rings 7,7 ' with static friction sheet 801,801 ' can't in time contact, also promptly can reduce the working sensitivity of free wheel device, so, preferably can regulate two inertia rings 7,7 ' with static friction sheet 801,801 ' relative distance so that can be in time during its work and static friction sheet 801,801 ' contact.For this reason, can be in an inertia rings, for example establish a screw on the interior edge face of left side inertia rings 7, one end of one adjusting screw 703 is installed in this screw, and its other end is exposed to this screw, thereby makes two inertia rings 7,7 ' separate, regulate this screw 703, just can regulate two inertia rings and static friction sheet 801,801 ' relative distance, compensate its exterior edge face 701,701 ' wearing and tearing, ensure the working sensitivity of free wheel device.
Fig. 2 has represented to adopt the situation of extension spring 4 as elastic member, and wherein, the quantity of planet wheel 1 and spring 4 is 3, and the two ends of each spring 4 are compared with two adjacent eccentric shafts 3 respectively and connect.Constitute equilateral triangle, the axle 501 of sun gear can therefrom stretch out.Certainly, also can adopt four or five planet wheels 1 and spring 4, constitute square or regular pentagon.
Fig. 3 has represented to adopt an annular extension spring 4 as elastic member, simultaneously, the roller 301 of band groove in the middle of sheathed on each eccentric shaft 3, these annular extension spring 4 tensioning cuffs are on each roller 301.For lower-powered situation, annular extension spring 4 also can change annular rubber bar into.
Referring to Fig. 4, if variator power is bigger, cylinder and piston that elastic member can be matched by the number cover that quantity and planet wheel quantity equate constitute, and are filled with air or inert gas in the cylinder.Among Fig. 4, the end and the eccentric shaft of piston 12 are hinged, and the end of its corresponding cylinder 11 fixes with a axle sleeve 13 on the axle 501 that rotatably is set in sun gear 5; Or by a pin and the planet carrier end face (not shown) that is hinged.Certainly, also the end of cylinder and piston can be installed conversely.
Perhaps, also can with the two ends of every cover cylinder and piston 11,12 respectively with two adjacent eccentric shafts 3 (not shown) that is hinged.
The structure of the foregoing description can be applicable to NW type differential gear train fully, thereby constitutes another kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox.Those skilled in the art can imagine fully and concrete structural type, repeats no more.
Referring to Fig. 5, another moment compared type automatic gearbox of the present utility model comprises a WW type differential gear train, and wherein, the axle 511 of a sun gear 50 is an input shaft, and the axle 611 of another sun gear 60 is an output shaft.In addition, on planet carrier 90, be provided with and stop its counter-rotational free wheel device 70, for example, on planet carrier 90, fix a brake hoop 911, the outer circumferential face of this brake hoop is provided with left and right outside thread, correspondingly install respectively on it two inertia rings 70,70 have left and right internal thread respectively ', correspondingly, respectively inertia rings 70,70 ' left and right side respectively be provided with one with the fixing static friction sheet 811,811 of shell 80 '.In addition, two inertia rings 70,70 ' also be provided with make both circumferentially synchronous pin and adjusting screw (structure is embodiment as described above, and is not shown in the figures).Be fixed with crank 20 on the wheel shaft of planet wheel 10, the end of crank 20 also is fixed with an eccentric shaft 30.Elastic member 40 is installed on the eccentric shaft 30.In the present embodiment, elastic member 40 is stretching or the pressure spring 40 that quantity equates with planet wheel 10, and an end of each spring 40 and an eccentric shaft 30 are hinged, and the axle sleeve 401 that the other end and rotatably is sleeved on the output shaft 611 fixes.Similar with previous embodiment, elastic member 40 also can be by the complete cylinder that equates of quantity and planet wheel 10 and piston constitutes or be made of ring-spring or rubber bar, can select for use according to the watt level of speed changer.Mounting structure is similar with previous embodiment also, just be limited to structure, as the stretching or pressure spring or cylinder and the piston that adopt quantity to equate, one end and eccentric shaft 30 are hinged, the structural type that its other end can not adopt the end face with bearing pin and planet carrier 10 to be hinged.The working principle of this speed changer and aforesaid similar fully repeats no more.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox, comprise: a NGW type or NW type differential gear train, it is characterized in that, the wheel shaft end of each planet wheel of described differential gear train respectively is fixed with a crank, the end of each crank is fixed with an eccentric shaft respectively, elastic member is installed on it, also comprise one be installed on the internal gear of described differential gear train this internal gear of prevention along with the free wheel device that turns to rotation of the switched in opposite of the sun gear of described differential gear train, wherein, the axle of described sun gear is an input shaft, and the axle of the planet carrier of described differential gear train is an output shaft.
2, a kind of moment compared type automatic gearbox, comprise: a WW type differential gear train, it is characterized in that, the wheel shaft end of each planet wheel of described differential gear train respectively is fixed with a crank, the end of each crank is fixed with an eccentric shaft respectively, elastic member is installed on it, also comprise one be installed on the planet carrier of described differential gear train this planet carrier of prevention along with the free wheel device that turns to rotation of the switched in opposite of a sun gear of described differential gear train, wherein, the axle of this sun gear is an input shaft, and the axle of another sun gear of described differential gear train is an output shaft.
3, speed changer as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that, described elastic member comprises stretching or the pressure spring that quantity equates with planet wheel quantity, and the two ends of each spring are hinged with two adjacent described eccentric shafts respectively.
4, speed changer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described elastic member comprises stretching or the pressure spring that quantity equates with planet wheel quantity, one end of each spring and a described eccentric shaft are hinged, its other end with rotatably be set in a described axle sleeve that inputs or outputs on the axle and fix.
5, speed changer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described elastic member is an annular extension spring or annular rubber bar, is arranged with a roller on each described eccentric shaft, and described annular extension spring or annular rubber bar tensioning cuff are on each roller.
6, speed changer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described elastic member comprises cylinder that matches and the piston that quantity and planet wheel quantity equate, be filled with air or inert gas in the cylinder, the two ends of every cover cylinder and piston are hinged with two adjacent described eccentric wheels respectively.
7, speed changer as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that, described elastic member comprises cylinder that matches and the piston that quantity and planet wheel quantity equate, be filled with air or inert gas in the cylinder, one end of every cover cylinder and piston and a described eccentric shaft are hinged, its other end with rotatably be set in a described axle sleeve that inputs or outputs on the axle and fix.
8, speed changer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described elastic member comprises stretching or pressure spring or cylinder that matches and the piston that quantity and planet wheel quantity equate, one end of each spring or every cover cylinder and piston and a described eccentric shaft are hinged, and its other end is hinged by an end face of a bearing pin and planet carrier.
9, speed changer as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, the outer circumferential face that described free wheel device is included in described internal gear is provided with a sinistral external thread and a dextrorotation outside thread, and each correspondingly is equipped with an inertia rings that has a levogyrate inner thread on the left and right hand thread of internal gear, with an inertia rings that has a dextrorotation internal thread, it is plane that the exterior edge face of two inertia rings becomes, as rubbing surface, correspondingly, the left and right side in the exterior edge face of this two inertia rings respectively is provided with a static friction sheet that fixes with casing respectively; Be provided with between two inertia rings and make both circumferentially synchronous pins, an end of this pin and the interior edge face of an inertia rings fix, and its other end can stretch into the hole on the interior edge face of another inertia rings axially and movably; In addition, be provided with a screw on the interior edge face of an inertia rings, an end of an adjusting screw is installed in this screw, and its other end is exposed to this screw, makes two inertia rings spaced-apart.
10, speed changer as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described free wheel device comprises that one is fixed on the brake hoop on the planet carrier, on the outer circumferential face of this brake hoop, be provided with a sinistral external thread and a dextrorotation outside thread, and each correspondingly is equipped with an inertia rings that has a levogyrate inner thread on the left and right hand thread of this brake hoop, with an inertia rings that has a dextrorotation internal thread, it is plane that the exterior edge face of two inertia rings becomes, as rubbing surface, correspondingly, the left and right side in the exterior edge face of this two inertia rings respectively is provided with a static friction sheet that fixes with casing respectively; Be provided with between two inertia rings and make both circumferentially synchronous pins, an end of this pin and the interior edge face of an inertia rings fix, and its other end can stretch into the hole on the interior edge face of another inertia rings axially and movably; In addition, be provided with a screw on the interior edge face of an inertia rings, an end of an adjusting screw is installed in this screw, and its other end is exposed to this screw, makes two inertia rings spaced-apart.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92110092 CN1070996A (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1992-08-26 | Moment compared type automatic gearbox |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92110092 CN1070996A (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1992-08-26 | Moment compared type automatic gearbox |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1070996A true CN1070996A (en) | 1993-04-14 |
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ID=4944608
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 92110092 Pending CN1070996A (en) | 1992-08-26 | 1992-08-26 | Moment compared type automatic gearbox |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1070996A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101440746B (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2011-07-20 | 江苏省高新技术发展研究所有限公司 | Implementing method and apparatus of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine |
-
1992
- 1992-08-26 CN CN 92110092 patent/CN1070996A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101440746B (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2011-07-20 | 江苏省高新技术发展研究所有限公司 | Implementing method and apparatus of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine |
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