CN101440746B - Implementing method and apparatus of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Implementing method and apparatus of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN101440746B CN101440746B CN2008102441338A CN200810244133A CN101440746B CN 101440746 B CN101440746 B CN 101440746B CN 2008102441338 A CN2008102441338 A CN 2008102441338A CN 200810244133 A CN200810244133 A CN 200810244133A CN 101440746 B CN101440746 B CN 101440746B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method and a device for realizing stepless speed regulation of an eccentrically oscillating internal-combustion engine. The device comprises an internal-combustion engine body and a driving device connected with the internal-combustion engine body, wherein the internal-combustion engine body comprises a cylinder and a piston in the cylinder; and the piston is connected with a connection rod. The device is characterized in that the connection rod is connected with a crank swinging around a fulcrum; the crank is connected with an input shaft of the driving device; an output shaft of the driving device is connected with a driven component; and the driving device is a pulsing stepless speed regulation device. The method and the device can lower the friction force of the piston to the cylinder wall by multiple times, obviously reduce fuel consumption, lower heating strength of engine components and lower abrasion of piston parts by multiple times. The driving device obviously reduces outline size, weight and cost, and can reduce the cost by more than 20 percent under the same conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of internal-combustion engine, especially a kind of by crank-swinging and the infinite variable speed internal-combustion engine of employing pulsed, specifically a kind of implementation method assembling device of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine.
Background technique
As everyone knows, all adopt the classification transmission on most of automobile, it regulate to realize by the gearbox classification, is generally the 4-6 level as the progression of gearbox on light-duty vehicle.Similarly step-governor d is in fact also applied on all truck and tractor.On farm tractor, because manufacturing operation proposes special requirement to speed regulation, gearbox often adopts 10-18 level.Limited progression causes motor to be in non-optimum Working under many circumstances in the gearbox, thereby causes the rising of oil consumption.In the running process of automobile from a level be transformed into other the level (buty shifting), make the driver become the special adjunct of vehicle.The automatic transmission case that adopts on the light-duty vehicle only can make gearshift procedure automation in the gearbox; For this automation, the user will pay the 12-15% oil consumption expense that increases.
Described a large amount of panoramic machineries, hydraulic pressure and electronic infinitely variable speed gearing in the existing technical paper, they can be applied on the automobile to replace the stepped gearing case.But many advanced persons' automobile production person has explored decades in this direction, sees as us, fail to achieve the desired result, they exist efficient low, make complicated, cost is high, power is difficult to improve or high power brings expensively, has increased user's burden.
At present, tractor MANUFACTURER such as Fendt that some are large-scale, Ferguson и John Deere, the tractor engine power that they make are at 250-425 horsepower, and band step-less adjustment transmission device has had several years.The stepless speed variator of (Fendt VARIO) machinery of the flexible awl dish of the employing band that has in these transmissions, the employing that has has the branched power system, uses the motor (Auto Power Shift) of axial piston pump-can regulate manufacturing efficiency in every.Like this, seeming the difficult problem of stepless transmission has obtained gratifying solution finally.Meanwhile, we it is also noted that a fact, i.e. the application of these stepless transmissions can only be on very large-scale tractor.We do not find that this transmission is used on the lower-powered tractor and on lorry and the light-duty vehicle.
In addition, the chain or the drive unit of at present traditional internal-combustion engine are the linear reciprocating motion of piston in cylinder, drive the crank that is packed on the rotatingshaft that intersects vertically with cylinder-bore axis by connecting rod, do directed the rotation together with rotatingshaft, because that connecting rod departs from piston and the frictional force between the cylinder that the angle of cylinder-bore axis has functional relation is big, thereby the energy consumption height, effect is low, serious wear, working life is short, must regularly carry out large repairs.
Therefore design a kind of be applicable to that internal combustion locomotive uses, simple in structure, output power is high, cylinder wear is little and can seem very necessary by infinite variable speed internal-combustion engine, and this relates to the driving mode of internal-combustion engine itself and the dual change of gear shift mode.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is at existing internal-combustion engine and gear complex structure thereof, problem easy to wear, invent the method for the stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that a kind of oil-saving effect is good, wearing and tearing are little, the life-span is long, cost is low, design a kind of eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that has pulsed stepless speed regulation transmission simultaneously.
One of technological scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of implementation method of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine is characterized in that:
At first, the crank of internal-combustion engine is installed around in the fulcrum of cylinder-bore axis one side and make eccentric swing;
Secondly, make the crank of eccentric swing drive the first driving shaft reciprocally swinging, first driving shaft is linked to each other with second driving shaft by a side steering, thereby driven is guaranteed first driving shaft continuous power output can be arranged all in the reciprocally swinging process, first driving shaft and second driving shaft are done continuous orientation output by a linkage mechanism Continuous Drive output shaft that has unidirectional transmission again;
The 3rd, realize stepless speed regulation by the crank length of adjusting first driving shaft and second driving shaft or the position of adjusting rocking arm fulcrum in the linkage mechanism;
The 4th, make between the gas distribution shaft of driving shaft and internal-combustion engine to link, to guarantee that the gas distribution shaft is in the rotation and coordinate mutually with stroke continuously of a direction by unidirectional transmission.
Two of technological scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that has the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it comprises cylinder, piston and connecting rod, one end of connecting rod links to each other with piston, piston is arranged in cylinder, the other end of connecting rod links to each other with crank, the fulcrum that it is characterized in that described crank is offset to cylinder shaft axis one side, and around fulcrum axis reciprocally swinging, crank links to each other with the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device crank under the drive of connecting rod; Described pulsed stepless speed-regulating device comprises one first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft of arranging with this first driving shaft, 1 coaxial line 2 at least, first driving shaft 1 or second driving shaft 2 link to each other with the crank that drives its swing as the input shaft of pulsed stepless speed-regulating device, be connected with first R and second R ' that cranks arm that cranks arm on first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2 respectively, between first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2, deviator be installed also; Described first R that cranks arm links to each other with an end of first rocking bar 6, second R ' that cranks arm links to each other with an end of second rocking bar 7, the other end of first rocking bar 6 links to each other with an end of first connecting rod 11, the other end of second rocking bar 7 links to each other with an end of second connecting rod 10, first rocking bar 6 and second rocking bar 7 are installed on respectively on the corresponding movable bearing support 9, two movable bearing supports 9 all link to each other with its luffing driving mechanism 8 that moves on corresponding rocking bar of drive, one end of the other end of first connecting rod 11 and first drive rocker 12 is hinged, the other end of second connecting rod 10 then is hinged with an end of second drive rocker 13, described first drive rocker 12 and second drive rocker 13 link to each other with the input end of corresponding unidirectional drive device respectively, and each unidirectional drive device all is fixedly linked with output shaft 16; Described first driving shaft 1 all links to each other with gas distribution shaft 20 by corresponding unidirectional transmission with second driving shaft 2, and first driving shaft 1 or second driving shaft 2 also link to each other with flywheel.
Three of technological scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that has the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it comprises cylinder, piston and connecting rod, one end of connecting rod links to each other with piston, piston is arranged in cylinder, the other end of connecting rod links to each other with crank, the fulcrum that it is characterized in that described crank is offset to cylinder shaft axis one side, and around the fulcrum reciprocally swinging, crank links to each other with the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device crank under the drive of connecting rod; Described pulsed stepless speed-regulating device comprises one first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft of arranging with this first driving shaft, 1 coaxial line 2 at least, first driving shaft 1 or second driving shaft 2 link to each other with the crank that drives its swing as the input shaft of pulsed stepless speed-regulating device, be connected with first R and second R ' that cranks arm that cranks arm on first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2 respectively, first the crank arm length-adjustable of R ' of R and second of cranking arm, first R and second R ' that cranks arm that cranks arm can link to each other with an end of first connecting rod 11 and second connecting rod 10 respectively, the other end of first connecting rod 11 and second connecting rod 10 links to each other with first drive rocker 12 and second drive rocker 13, first R and second R ' that cranks arm that cranks arm can also directly link to each other with first drive rocker 12 and second drive rocker 13 respectively, first drive rocker 12 and second drive rocker 13 link to each other with the input end of corresponding unidirectional drive device respectively, and each unidirectional drive device all is fixedly linked with output shaft 16; Between first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2, deviator is installed also; Described first driving shaft 1 all links to each other with gas distribution shaft 20 by corresponding unidirectional transmission with second driving shaft 2, and first driving shaft 1 or second driving shaft 2 also link to each other with flywheel.
Described unidirectional drive device is free wheel device or click apparatus, described click apparatus comprises ratchet D and driving pawl 14, described driving pawl 14 is fixedly mounted on the output shaft 16, described ratchet D is installed on the corresponding drive rocker, one end of described drive rocker is hinged with corresponding connecting rod, and the other end of drive rocker is rotatably supported on the output shaft 16.
Described deviator is the bevel gear deviator, it is made up of the break-in bevel gear 5 that is installed in first bevel gear 3 on described first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2 and second bevel gear 4 respectively and be installed on the internal-combustion engine arrangements for speed regulation shell, and first bevel gear 3 and second bevel gear 4 are meshed with it from the both sides of break-in bevel gear 5 respectively.
Described deviator is the cylindrical gears deviator, it is by gear 3 ', 4 ', 5 ', 6 ', 8 ' and gear shaft 7 ', 9 ' forms, and gear 3 ' links to each other with first driving shaft 1 and is meshed with gear 5 ', gear 6 ' and gear 5 ' coaxial installation, gear 8 ' is installed in axle 9 ' and upward and respectively meshes with gear 6 ' and gear 4 ', and gear 4 ' links to each other with second driving shaft 2.
Described luffing driving mechanism 8 is slide block type driving mechanism or revolution axis type driving mechanism.Described first variable-gearing mechanism of cranking arm R comprises helical gear 3 "; 6 ", they be installed on first driving shaft 1 and respectively with corresponding gear 4 ", 5 " are meshed, gear 4 "; 5 " be installed in axle 2 simultaneously " on, axle 2 " links to each other with manual driving device, on first driving shaft 1 crank throw is installed also, the neck of crank throw is set with axle sleeve 8 "; axle sleeve 8 " by gear 7 ", 10 " with gear 6 " link to each other, first rocking bar 6 or second rocking bar 7 are sleeved on axle sleeve 8 ".
Described pulsed stepless speed-regulating device is made up of two identical devices of symmetry, and it has four input shafts, and each input shaft is all continuous with corresponding crank, and is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of output shaft 16.
According to the difference of cylinder of internal-combustion engine quantity, the arrangement of cylinder on pulsed stepless speed-regulating device input shaft has:
When A, described internal-combustion engine were four four-stroke air cylinder structures, first cylinder in four cylinders and the swing type crank of the 3rd cylinder linked to each other with first driving shaft, and the swing type crank of second cylinder and four-cylinder links to each other with second driving shaft;
When B, described internal-combustion engine were two four-stroke air cylinder structures, the swing type crank of two cylinders linked to each other with the 3rd input shaft 17 with first driving shaft 1 that is arranged symmetrically in output shaft 16 both sides respectively;
When C, described internal-combustion engine are the double layout of eight four-stroke cylinders, two side symmetric arrangement of described output shaft 16 have two all coupled pulsed stepless speed-regulating devices, eight cylinders respectively by corresponding swing type crank and four input shafts promptly first driving shaft 1, second driving shaft 2, the 3rd input shaft 17 link to each other with the 4th input shaft 18, be connected with two swing type cranks on each input shaft with specified phase difference.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The present invention's energy several times reduce the frictional force of piston countercylinder wall, reduce fuel consumption significantly, reduce the calorific intensity of engine part operation; Several times reduce the wearing and tearing of piston set part; Utilize overall sizes, weight and the cost of the transmission device that the present invention designs all can obviously reduce, can reduce production costs more than 20% under the equal conditions.
The present invention can be widely used in all traffic tool that use internal-combustion engine, as automobile, motorcycle and tractor etc., set up the step-less adjustment transmission device, meanwhile realize the can regulate of vehicle broader region from the top speed to the zero velocity in enforcement, when having known transmission device now, recurrent such when cutting off Transmitted chains at the end just as use, be motor at work, and wheel transfixion.
The present invention equally also is applicable to the machinery of all kinds of use internal-combustion engines such as oil, aviation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a stepless change principle schematic of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cylinder piston motion schematic representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a Reverse Mechanisms of Cylindrical Gear schematic representation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is one of diameter changing mechanism schematic representation of the first crank R of the present invention or the second crank R '.
Fig. 5 be the first crank R of the present invention or the second crank R ' the diameter changing mechanism schematic representation two.
Fig. 6 is the application principle figure of the present invention in the single layout motor of four-stroke four cylinders.
Fig. 7 is the application principle figure of the present invention in the double layout motor of four-stroke four cylinders.
Fig. 8 is the application principle figure of the present invention in the double layout motor of four-stroke eight cylinders.
Fig. 9 is the application principle figure of the present invention in the single layout motor of four-stroke six cylinders.
Figure 10 is the application principle figure of the present invention in the car that rubs.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Embodiment one.
As shown in Figure 1, 2.
A kind of implementation method of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine, it may further comprise the steps:
At first, the crank of internal-combustion engine is installed around in the fulcrum of cylinder-bore axis one side make eccentric swing, as shown in Figure 2;
Secondly, make the crank of eccentric swing drive the first driving shaft reciprocally swinging, first driving shaft is linked to each other with second driving shaft by a side steering, thereby driven is guaranteed first driving shaft continuous power output can be arranged all in the reciprocally swinging process, first driving shaft and second driving shaft are done continuous orientation output by a linkage mechanism Continuous Drive output shaft that has unidirectional transmission again;
The 3rd, realize stepless speed regulation by the crank length of adjusting first driving shaft and second driving shaft or the position of adjusting rocking arm fulcrum in the linkage mechanism;
The 4th, make between the gas distribution shaft of driving shaft and internal-combustion engine to link, to guarantee that the gas distribution shaft is in the rotation and coordinate mutually with stroke continuously of a direction by unidirectional transmission.As shown in Figure 1.
Embodiment two.
Shown in Fig. 3,4,5,6.
A kind of eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that has pulsed stepless speed regulation transmission, comprise internal combustion engine main body and the transmission device that links to each other with internal combustion engine main body, wherein internal combustion engine main body comprises cylinder and the piston that is arranged in cylinder again, piston links to each other with connecting rod, described connecting rod links to each other with crank around spot wobble, crank links to each other with the input shaft of transmission device, the output shaft of transmission device be driven parts and link to each other, described transmission device is the pulsed stepless speed-regulating device; Described pulsed stepless speed-regulating device comprises first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2 that two coaxial lines are arranged, first driving shaft 1 links to each other with the crank that drives its swing with the input shaft of second driving shaft 2 as the pulsed stepless speed-regulating device, be connected with first R and second R ' that cranks arm that cranks arm on first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2 respectively, between first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2, the break-in bevel gear set is installed also, this break-in bevel gear set is made up of the break-in bevel gear 5 that is installed in first bevel gear 3 on described first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2 and second bevel gear 4 respectively and be installed on the internal combustion engine main body, and first bevel gear 3 and second bevel gear 4 are meshed with it from the both sides of break-in bevel gear 4 respectively; Described first R that cranks arm links to each other with an end of first rocking bar 6, second R ' that cranks arm links to each other with an end of second rocking bar 7, the other end of first rocking bar 6 links to each other with an end of first connecting rod 11, the other end of second rocking bar 7 links to each other with an end of second connecting rod 10, first rocking bar 6 and second rocking bar 7 are installed on respectively on the corresponding movable bearing support 9, two movable bearing supports 9 all (can adopt the slide block type driving mechanism shown in the figure with its luffing driving mechanism 8 that moves of drive on corresponding rocking bar, also can adopt the revolution axis type driving mechanism) link to each other, one end of the other end of first connecting rod 11 and first drive rocker 12 is hinged, the other end of second connecting rod 10 then is hinged with an end of second drive rocker 13, on described first drive rocker 11 and second drive rocker 10, be separately installed with the corresponding first ratchet D and the second ratchet D ', the first ratchet D matches with first driving pawl 14, the second ratchet D ' matches with second driving pawl 15, described first driving pawl 14 and second driving pawl 15 be installed in simultaneously as the transmission device output shaft the axle 16 on.Described first driving shaft 1 and second driving shaft 2 all (can adopt gear transmission by corresponding transmission device, also can adopt the belt pulley transmission, also can adopt the click shown in Fig. 6 to add the bel-drivenn form) link to each other with gas distribution shaft 20, first driving shaft 1 or second driving shaft 2 also link to each other with flywheel F.As shown in Figure 6.
During concrete enforcement, described side steering is attached can be adopted outside the bevel gear break-in shown in Fig. 1,6, also can adopt Reverse Mechanisms of Cylindrical Gear shown in Figure 3, it is by gear 3 ', 4 ', 5 ', 6 ', 8 ' and gear shaft 7 ', 9 ' forms, and gear 3 ' links to each other with first driving shaft 1 and is meshed with gear 5 ', gear 6 ' and gear 5 ' coaxial installation, gear 8 ' installation shaft axle 9 ' is gone up and is meshed with gear 6 ' and gear 4 ' respectively, and gear 4 ' links to each other with second driving shaft 2.
During concrete enforcement, in order to realize stepless change, except adopting the luffing driving mechanism 8 shown in Fig. 1,6 to be undertaken the stepless speed regulation by the lever ratio of adjusting first rocking arm 6 and second rocking arm 7, also can be realized by change changing first crank arm R and second method of cranking arm R ' length, can only adopt wherein a kind of to carry out stepless speed regulation during concrete enforcement, also can adopt two kinds of methods to carry out stepless speed regulation simultaneously.Fig. 4,5 is two kinds of different brachium regulating mechanism principle schematic, at this moment, first the crank arm R ' or link to each other with an end of first connecting rod 11 and second connecting rod 10 respectively of R and second that cranks arm, the other end of first connecting rod 11 and second connecting rod 10 links to each other with first drive rocker 12 and second drive rocker 13, first R and second R ' that cranks arm that cranks arm also can directly link to each other with first drive rocker 12 and second drive rocker 13, first drive rocker 12 and second drive rocker 13 link to each other with the input end of corresponding unidirectional drive device respectively, and each unidirectional drive device all is fixedly linked with output shaft 16.Length adjustment mechanism shown in Figure 4 comprises helical gear 3 "; 6 " they be installed on first driving shaft 1 or second driving shaft 2 and respectively with corresponding gear 4 "; 5 " be meshed, gear 4 "; 5 " be installed in axle 2 simultaneously " on; axle 2 " links to each other with manual driving device, on first driving shaft 1 crank throw is installed also, the neck of crank throw is set with axle sleeve 8 "; axle sleeve 8 " by gear 7 "; 10 " with gear 6 " link to each other; an end of first rocking bar 6 or second rocking bar 7 then is sleeved on axle sleeve 8 " on, when first driving shaft 1 drives the crank throw swing, drive axle sleeve 8 " swing; axle sleeve 8 " simultaneously and drive first rocking arm 6 or 7 swings of second rocking arm again, change axle sleeve 8 and ", can realize the purpose of speed governing from the distance of first driving shaft 1 or second driving shaft 2.Fig. 5 is another more simple brachium regulating mechanism, it comprises crank throw 31 and cylinder 32 with first driving shaft 1 or 2 swings of second driving shaft, cylinder 32 is installed on the crank throw and with crank throw to be swung synchronously, the piston rod 33 of cylinder 32 and first rocking bar 6 or second rocking bar 7 are hinged, cylinder drives piston rod and moves, thereby change the swinging end of first rocking bar 6 or second rocking bar 7 and the distance between first driving shaft 1 or second driving shaft, 2 shaft axiss, thereby change the amplitude of oscillation of first rocking bar 6 or second rocking bar 7, reach the purpose of speed change.
Below in conjunction with Fig. 1, Fig. 2 basic functional principle of the present invention is further described.
Pulsed stepless speed-regulating device of the present invention has two driving shafts i.e. first driving shaft 1 (hereinafter to be referred as axle 1) and second driving shaft 2 (hereinafter to be referred as axle 2), is positioned on the same geometrical axis O O, at the not ipsilateral of casing.Have crank R and R ' and taper cone pulley 3 or 4 (at axle 1 wheel 3 is arranged, at axle 2 wheel 4 is arranged, taper cone pulley 3,4 also can adopt the side steering of being made up of cylindrical gears, as Fig. 3) on each axle. Taper cone pulley 3 and 4 and taper cone pulley 5 engagement, its axis is on casing.Taper cone pulley 3,4 and 5 forms the taper side steering.Like this, the axle 1 and 2 and the taper reversing mechanism get in touch each other.This means, if the rotation of axle 1 clockwise direction, then just rotation counterclockwise of axle 2.Axle 1 is connected with 7 with rocking bar 6 with 2 crank R, R ', and rocking arm has bearing 9.Bearing 9 is arranged on the slide block 8 same geometrical axis O1 O1 of (being equivalent to manually or the foot-propelled shift), and slide block 8 can move (not representing controlling mechanism on Fig. 1) in Vertical direction by corresponding controlling mechanism.Bearing 9 guarantees that rocking bar 6 and 7 is free movable in swing and progressive motion.Rocking bar 6 correspondingly is connected with 11 with connecting rod 10 on A1 and A2 point with 7.The other end of each root connecting rod is connected with 13 with rocking bar 12.Correspondingly, rocking bar 12 and 13 is contained on the transmission output shaft 16, they have part ratchet D, two ratchet D and wheel 14,15 interact, it (is one-way wheel that wheel 14 or 15 is called the contrary wheel of system, be used for live axle 16 folk prescriptions to rotating), the ratchet D of rocking bar 12 above being installed in him and system form the ratchet driving mechanism against wheel 14 (rocking bar 13 also takes turns 14 with position ratchet D thereon with system is contrary), so that only transmission is from connecting rod 11 or 10 rotations to axle 16 (according to Fig. 1 clockwise direction) in one direction, ratchet and pawl arrangement herein also can adopt and be similar to the free wheel device of installing on the bicycle rear (abbreviation flies) and realized.
Ratchet mechanism among Fig. 1 can adopt the similar products of specialized company's professional production.
The working principle of pulsed stepless speed-regulating device of the present invention is: 1 and 2 on axle is swung, and has only one to be driving shaft in each time period.For example, suppose that at set period axle 1 be driving shaft, at this moment axle 1 in the clockwise direction the rotation in the swing cause taking turns 14 rotations, that is to say that axle 16 also is a clockwise direction, and ratchet mechanism can not pass to motion 16 during the anticlockwise rotation of axle 1.Because axle 1 and 2 is each other with the contact of taper reversing mechanism, so axle 1 clockwise rotation will cause axle 2 counterclockwise to rotate, therefore this rotation can not passed to axle 16.On the contrary, axle 1 anticlockwise rotation will cause axle 2 clockwise directions to rotate, and this rotation causes axle 16 rotations.Like this, axle 1 is swung sideward to move and is caused axle 16 to rotate on same direction.
Pulsed stepless speed-regulating device of the present invention is realized stepless change by the displacement of sliding support 8 or by the length that adjusting is cranked arm, shown in Fig. 1,6 is that displacement by sliding support 8 realizes stepless speed regulation, and at this moment rocking bar 6 and 7 arm are than changing synchronously.Like this, when the amplitude of fluctuation of crank R (and R ') fixedly the time, the amplitude of fluctuation that A1 and A2 are ordered changes on the direction of needs, thereby the amplitude of fluctuation of rocking bar 12 and 13 changes, and this means in a swing of these rocking arms, and the rotation angle of axle 16 also changes.Development test shows, motionless when A1 and A2 point, the position of sliding support 8 also may change.This means that axle 16 is still motionless when axle 1 amplitude of fluctuation is constant.Like this, in institute's stepless speed variator of the present invention, regulation range can be 1 at gearing factor (when the mid point of sliding support 8 positions) in rocking bar 6 and 7 to equaling realization in infinitely great (when sliding support during) scope at A1 and A2 point.
When bearing 9 when maintaining static, can adopt the crank arm device of R length of the change shown in Fig. 4 of the present invention, 5 to realize stepless adjustment, the length of R or R ' can steplessly be adjusted owing to crank arm, therefore, input speed as gear can infinitely be adjusted, and its output also correspondingly increases in proportion or reduces.
In order to guarantee above-mentioned stepless speed changing mechanism energy proper functioning, internal-combustion engine of the present invention and ordinary internal combustion engine also should be had any different.Piston in the conventional cylinder makes bent axle rotate under fuel vapor pressure, and cylinder piston of the present invention can make bent axle only swing, and this is to be determined by the working principle of above-mentioned gear.
As shown in Figure 2, suppose that piston diameter is d, piston stroke is that h and length of connecting rod are 1 connecting rod, and by d, the same condition of h and 1 parameter forms connecting rod in two kinds of internal-combustion engines, from these two kinds of internal-combustion engines relatively, in Fig. 2, allow the crank of bent axle r in piston stroke h with pendulum angle for example 90 ° swing, at this moment be not difficult to find out, to be positioned at the O1 point be the center of circle to the oscillation center O of crank point in this connecting rod, and radius is on the circle of h/2.
In general, the pendulum angle of crank will depend on the position of crank rotating center at OO1 straight line or its elongation line.Those crank turning point are referred to as the eccentric internal combustion machine for the internal-combustion engine that the O1 point is subjected to displacement, and the distance of ordering to O from the O1 point is referred to as throw of eccentric.As understanding from following argumentation, when matching with the pulsed stepless speed-regulating device, throw of eccentric can be selected any number of zero that is not equal to, and still, it should be consistent with the work of internal-combustion engine gas distribution shaft.
The piston motion mechanism that cylinder of internal combustion engine of the present invention moves back and forth as shown in Figure 2, the power that crank r affacts on the piston is P, its component is Pc, and component Pc is pressed to cylinder wall to piston, and when determining piston motion and the size of the frictional force that produces between the cylinder wall.Component Pc is the function of the angle of deviation β of connecting rod and vertical line n O1.Be not difficult to find out that angle of deviation β is significantly smaller than the angle of deviation of traditional air cylinder connecting rod in air cylinder connecting rod of the present invention.In swing type crank-connecting rod piston set of the present invention, the minimizing of angle means that the frictional force work also will descend, this just can be so that the fretting wear of piston and cylinder reduces accordingly, its durability is improved accordingly, mechanical efficiency is also improved accordingly, thereby brings the minimizing and the lower series of advantages such as calorific intensity loss of part of fuel consumption.
Above-mentioned pulsed stepless speed-regulating device forms the major component of the internal-combustion engine that the present invention recommends with crank-swinging formula explosive motor.The other parts of these transmissions (as end shelves, differential mechanism or the like) do not have the structure innovation, although its parameter is different, the prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is solved, and therefore, is not also indicated in appended schematic representation.
Embodiment three.
As shown in Figure 7.
The transmission device (Fig. 7) of the single internal-combustion engine of a kind of four-stroke four cylinders contains the cylinder P1 according to its job order numbering, P2, P3, P4.The pulsed stepless speed-regulating device is installed in the transmission device in such a way; Cylinder P4 and P2 are positioned at the pulsed stepless speed-regulating device first, and cylinder P1 and P3 are positioned at another then.The driving shaft 1 of pulsed stepless speed-regulating device links to each other with swing type crank 4 with plain connecting rod 3 with 2, and the amplitude of fluctuation of crank 4 ' is got α=90 °.
In order to drive flywheel 26 (not having its internal-combustion engine not work), a crank rocker arm body is arranged, it links to each other with input shaft 1, the velocity ratio of this mechanism is determined with the following methods: when rocking arm 27 when a limit position swings to another limit position, crank 25 corners 180 that link to each other with flywheel 26 are spent.
The operation of distributing valve is realized by gas distribution shaft 20.Gas distribution shaft 20 or drive, or input shaft 2 driven rotary by input shaft 1.Arranged ratchet stop 13 on axle 1 and 2, they depend on sense of rotation or actuation gear 18 ' and 19 of axle 1 and 2.
The working method of present embodiment is: suppose that working stroke is to finish at cylinder P1 in section sometime, at this moment in also will the finish the work compression stroke of mixture of cylinder P2, in cylinder 3----suction stroke, in cylinder 4----exhaust stroke.In order to finish these strokes, axle 1 should rotate to different sides with 2, and their amplitude of fluctuation should equate.In the pulsed stepless speed-regulating device, can satisfy this condition fully, because it has the taper reversing mechanism.When that moment of cylinder P1 power cut-off stroke, cylinder P2 also finishes compression stroke and begins its working stroke, this means axle 2 beginning clockwise direction rotations, and axle 1 rotation counterclockwise, and in cylinder P1 and P3, will carry out exhaust and compression stroke, correspondingly, cylinder P4 begins air-breathing.The next coming in order stroke of in cylinder P3 and P4, finishing the work.All these strokes are finished according to the working principle of four-stroke four-cylinder internal combustion engine.Need replenish at those motors under the situation of flywheel energy, this driving by flywheel 26 rocking arms 27 and axle 1 is carried out automatically.
If it is meaningful to reduce the axial dimension of internal-combustion engine, then in motor, can adopt existing mode.Be necessary to reduce under the situation of motor axial dimension, then can advising using the kind of drive according to Fig. 4 according to Fig. 3.In this mode, utilize same pulsed stepless speed-regulating device.Cylinder P1 and P3 are positioned at a side of axle 1, and cylinder P2 and P4 are positioned at opposite side.
Embodiment four.
As shown in Figure 8.
The stepless speed changing mechanism of present embodiment has an output shaft 16 and four driving shaft ( axles 1,2,17 and 18), eight cylinders working stroke successively passes on the output shaft 16, in order to allow slide block 8 vertical movement simultaneously, can respectively be provided with a slide block or corner formula jib lubbing mechanism (can adopt prior art to be realized) at the left and right sides of gear two-part.
The working procedure of present embodiment is (as Fig. 8): an exhaust casing (supposes that this is P1, P2, P3 and P4 drive the axle 1 and 2 in the pulsed gear, and this just as described in Figure 6, cylinder P5, P6, P7 and P8 form second row, and they drive the axle 17 and 18 of pulsed gear, this is taken place as first row that coexists, but second row is operated in that the phase displacement for first row is half corner of Rocker arm 4 in the stroke, that is in the example of being analyzed 45 ° of corners.In order to realize this phase displacement, the gas distribution shaft 20 of left and right sides exhaust casing transmission contact each other at work, for example, with tooth or chain-driven (not shown on Fig. 8, as can to adopt prior art to be realized).
Embodiment five.
As shown in Figure 9.
Figure 9 shows that the structural type of the six cylinder four-stroke transmission mechanism of internal-combustion engine that are arranged to a row, cylinder P1 in this structural type, P3, P5 is positioned at a side drive axle 1 of pulsed gear, and cylinder P2, P4, P6 are positioned at the opposite side live axle 2 of pulsed gear.Distribution axle 20 and flywheel 26 also drive, and this is as described with four cylinders, one row's motor (Fig. 1).If making pendulum angle α=120 of Rocker arm 4 ° can realize.
The work characteristics of this six cylinder engine is that the work cycle in each cylinder has four strokes, six cylinders.Therefore, in order to guarantee the continuity of working stroke, to ensure the most uniform work of motor, suggestion is referred to as " sky " stroke.
Following instruction card 1.Each row is the numbering of cylinder and the stroke that each cylinder is finished in the table 1.What as can be seen from the table, working stroke was finished according to desired order just in the motor.
Be that example analyzes with the work of cylinder P1 be how to accomplish this point.Specify two idle strokes in cylinder P1 after suction stroke, idle stroke is that the relative configurations by the gas distribution shaft guarantees.For example, under this structure in this cylinder valve closing.At this moment, two idle strokes are to finish air compression or fuel mix stroke and expansion subsequently in cylinder P1 work.The consumption of finishing the merit of these idle strokes is minimum, because the merit that finishes when compression is recovered when expanding.Should compression and working stroke after these idle strokes.In each cylinder, all be performed such.Introduce idle stroke and as if four stroke engine is become the six-stroke motor.
In like manner, the present invention also can be used for making the four-stroke traditional mechanism of 12 cylinders, and can carry out this moment according to the structural type shown in being similar on Fig. 6.Each row of this form has six cylinders, and phase displacement should be 60 ° with respect to another row in the work of an exhaust casing.
Table 1.
In like manner, embodiment four all can replace with reference to embodiment two content accordingly to side steering, gear among the embodiment five.
Embodiment six.
As shown in figure 10.
Present embodiment is identical with embodiment two working principle, its difference is to utilize the identical pulsed stepless speed-regulating device of two covers to drive output shaft 16 simultaneously, in order to realize this purpose, the connecting rod 10 of present embodiment, 11 prolong, input shaft has increased by two simultaneously, be respectively the 3rd input shaft 17 and the 4th input shaft 18, this mechanism is used for and the supporting use of the internal-combustion engine of multi-cylinder structure, to improve its output power, increase output speed, by finding out among Fig. 5, the pulsed stepless speed-regulating device of this example is actually the both sides that enforcement one is symmetricly set on output shaft 16 simultaneously.
When motor has only two cylinders (as motorcycle), then be very suitable for the form of present embodiment.If working stroke is to finish in cylinder P1, and carries out compression stroke in cylinder P2, then following working stroke is that piston P2 finishes, and the energy by flywheel after these two strokes is finished motion.
The part that the present invention does not relate to prior art that maybe can adopt all same as the prior art is realized.
Claims (10)
1. the implementation method of a stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine is characterized in that:
At first, the crank of internal-combustion engine is installed around in the fulcrum of cylinder-bore axis one side and make eccentric swing;
Secondly, make the crank of eccentric swing drive the first driving shaft reciprocally swinging, first driving shaft is linked to each other with second driving shaft by a side steering, thereby driven is guaranteed first driving shaft continuous power output can be arranged all in the reciprocally swinging process, first driving shaft and second driving shaft are done continuous orientation output by a linkage mechanism Continuous Drive output shaft that has unidirectional transmission again;
The 3rd, realize stepless speed regulation by the crank length of adjusting first driving shaft and second driving shaft or the position of adjusting rocking arm fulcrum in the linkage mechanism;
The 4th, make between the gas distribution shaft of driving shaft and internal-combustion engine to link, to guarantee that the gas distribution shaft is in the rotation and coordinate mutually with stroke continuously of a direction by unidirectional transmission.
2. eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that has the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it comprises cylinder, piston and connecting rod, one end of connecting rod links to each other with piston, piston is arranged in cylinder, the other end of connecting rod links to each other with crank, the fulcrum that it is characterized in that described crank is offset to cylinder shaft axis one side, and around fulcrum axis reciprocally swinging, crank links to each other with the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device crank under the drive of connecting rod; Described pulsed stepless speed-regulating device comprises one first driving shaft (1) and second driving shaft of arranging with this first driving shaft (1) coaxial line (2) at least, first driving shaft (1) or second driving shaft (2) link to each other with the crank that drives its swing as the input shaft of pulsed stepless speed-regulating device, be connected with first on first driving shaft (1) and second driving shaft (2) respectively and crank arm (R) and second crank arm (R '), between first driving shaft (1) and second driving shaft (2), deviator is installed also; Described first crank arm (R) link to each other with an end of first rocking bar (6), second cranks arm (R ') links to each other with an end of second rocking bar (7), the other end of first rocking bar (6) links to each other with an end of first connecting rod (11), the other end of second rocking bar (7) links to each other with an end of second connecting rod (10), first rocking bar (6) and second rocking bar (7) are installed on respectively on the corresponding movable bearing support (9), two movable bearing supports (9) all link to each other with its luffing driving mechanism (8) that moves on corresponding rocking bar of drive, one end of the other end of first connecting rod (11) and first drive rocker (12) is hinged, the other end of second connecting rod (10) then is hinged with an end of second drive rocker (13), described first drive rocker (12) and second drive rocker (13) link to each other with the input end of corresponding unidirectional drive device respectively, and each unidirectional drive device all is fixedly linked with output shaft (16); Described first driving shaft (1) all links to each other with gas distribution shaft (20) by corresponding unidirectional transmission with second driving shaft (2), and first driving shaft (1) or second driving shaft (2) also link to each other with flywheel.
3. eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that has the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it comprises cylinder, piston and connecting rod, one end of connecting rod links to each other with piston, piston is arranged in cylinder, the other end of connecting rod links to each other with crank, the fulcrum that it is characterized in that described crank is offset to cylinder shaft axis one side, and around the fulcrum reciprocally swinging, crank links to each other with the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device crank under the drive of connecting rod; Described pulsed stepless speed-regulating device comprises one first driving shaft (1) and second driving shaft of arranging with this first driving shaft (1) coaxial line (2) at least, first driving shaft (1) or second driving shaft (2) link to each other with the crank that drives its swing as the input shaft of pulsed stepless speed-regulating device, being connected with first on first driving shaft (1) and second driving shaft (2) respectively cranks arm (R) and second cranks arm (R '), first cranks arm (R) and second length-adjustable of cranking arm (R '), first cranks arm, and (R) and second cranks arm (R ') can link to each other with an end of first connecting rod (11) and second connecting rod (10) respectively, the other end of first connecting rod (11) and second connecting rod (10) links to each other with first drive rocker (12) and second drive rocker (13), first cranks arm, and (R) and second cranks arm (R ') can also directly link to each other with first drive rocker (12) and second drive rocker (13) respectively, first drive rocker (12) and second drive rocker (13) link to each other with the input end of corresponding unidirectional drive device respectively, and each unidirectional drive device all is fixedly linked with output shaft (16); Between first driving shaft (1) and second driving shaft (2), deviator is installed also; Described first driving shaft (1) all links to each other with gas distribution shaft (20) by corresponding unidirectional transmission with second driving shaft (2), and first driving shaft (1) or second driving shaft (2) also link to each other with flywheel.
4. according to claim 2 or the 3 described eccentric swinging type internal combustion engines that have the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it is characterized in that described unidirectional drive device is free wheel device or click apparatus, described click apparatus comprises ratchet (D) and driving pawl (14), described driving pawl (14) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft (16), described ratchet (D) is installed on the corresponding drive rocker, one end of described drive rocker is hinged with corresponding connecting rod, and the other end of drive rocker is rotatably supported on the output shaft (16).
5. according to claim 2 or the 3 described eccentric swinging type internal combustion engines that have the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it is characterized in that described deviator is the bevel gear deviator, it is made up of the break-in bevel gear (5) that is installed in first bevel gear (3) and second bevel gear (4) on described first driving shaft (1) and second driving shaft (2) respectively and be installed on the internal-combustion engine arrangements for speed regulation shell, and first bevel gear (3) and second bevel gear (4) are meshed with it from the both sides of break-in bevel gear (5) respectively.
6. according to claim 2 or the 3 described eccentric swinging type internal combustion engines that have the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it is characterized in that described deviator is the cylindrical gears deviator, it is by gear (3 ', 4 ', 5 ', 6 ', 8 ') and gear shaft (7 ', 9 ') form, gear (3 ') links to each other with first driving shaft (1) and is meshed with gear (5 '), gear (6 ') and the coaxial installation of gear (5 '), gear (8 ') are installed in axle (9 ') and upward and respectively mesh with gear (6 ') and gear (4 '), and gear (4 ') links to each other with second driving shaft (2).
7. the eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that has the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 2 is characterized in that described luffing driving mechanism (8) is slide block type driving mechanism or revolution axis type driving mechanism.
8. the eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine that has the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device according to claim 3, it is characterized in that described first variable-gearing mechanism of cranking arm (R) comprise helical gear (3 "; 6 "), they be installed in that first driving shaft (1) is gone up and respectively with corresponding gear (4 "; 5 ") be meshed, gear (4 "; 5 ") be installed in axle simultaneously (on 2 "); (2 ") link to each other with manual driving device axle, first driving shaft also is equipped with crank throw on (1), the neck of crank throw be set with axle sleeve (8 "), axle sleeve (8 ") by gear (7 "; 10 ") and gear (6 ") link to each other, and first rocking bar (6) or second rocking bar (7) are sleeved on axle sleeve (8 ").
9. according to claim 2 or the 3 described eccentric swinging type internal combustion engines that have the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it is characterized in that described pulsed stepless speed-regulating device is made up of two identical devices of symmetry, it has four input shafts, each input shaft is all continuous with corresponding crank, and is arranged symmetrically in the both sides of output shaft (16).
10. according to claim 2 or the 3 described eccentric swinging type internal combustion engines that have the pulsed stepless speed regulating drive device, it is characterized in that the difference according to cylinder of internal-combustion engine quantity, the arrangement of cylinder on pulsed stepless speed-regulating device input shaft has:
When A, described internal-combustion engine were four four-stroke air cylinder structures, first cylinder in four cylinders and the swing type crank of the 3rd cylinder linked to each other with first driving shaft, and the swing type crank of second cylinder and four-cylinder links to each other with second driving shaft;
When B, described internal-combustion engine were two four-stroke air cylinder structures, the swing type crank of two cylinders linked to each other with the 3rd input shaft (17) with first driving shaft (1) that is arranged symmetrically in output shaft (16) both sides respectively;
When C, described internal-combustion engine are the double layout of eight four-stroke cylinders, two side symmetric arrangement of described output shaft (16) have two all coupled pulsed stepless speed-regulating devices, eight cylinders are that first driving shaft (1), second driving shaft (2), the 3rd input shaft (17) link to each other with the 4th input shaft (18) by corresponding swing type crank and four input shafts respectively, are connected with two swing type cranks with specified phase difference on each input shaft.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2008102441338A CN101440746B (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2008-12-23 | Implementing method and apparatus of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine |
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| CN2008102441338A CN101440746B (en) | 2008-12-23 | 2008-12-23 | Implementing method and apparatus of stepless speed regulating eccentric swinging type internal combustion engine |
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| CN101813022B (en) * | 2009-12-16 | 2011-12-21 | 甘东 | Pendulous inter-combustion engine capable of automatically retaining optimal operating mode |
| CN110307319B (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2023-08-01 | 韩树海 | Rocking mechanical pulsation stepless speed variator |
| CN112696267B (en) * | 2020-11-20 | 2022-05-03 | 效俊林 | Linkage mechanism of straight shaft internal combustion engine |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1070996A (en) * | 1992-08-26 | 1993-04-14 | 程雪尘 | Moment compared type automatic gearbox |
| DE19517508A1 (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-14 | Eschenbach Wolfram | Diesel etc. engine piston control |
| CN2343357Y (en) * | 1998-01-01 | 1999-10-13 | 阎官清 | Swing stem IC engine |
| WO2006027670A1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-16 | Renato Garavello | Eccentric connecting rod system preferably for internal-combustion engines |
-
2008
- 2008-12-23 CN CN2008102441338A patent/CN101440746B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1070996A (en) * | 1992-08-26 | 1993-04-14 | 程雪尘 | Moment compared type automatic gearbox |
| DE19517508A1 (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1996-11-14 | Eschenbach Wolfram | Diesel etc. engine piston control |
| CN2343357Y (en) * | 1998-01-01 | 1999-10-13 | 阎官清 | Swing stem IC engine |
| WO2006027670A1 (en) * | 2004-09-10 | 2006-03-16 | Renato Garavello | Eccentric connecting rod system preferably for internal-combustion engines |
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