CN107099356B - Alumina composite additive for improving civil coke ash melting point, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Alumina composite additive for improving civil coke ash melting point, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L9/00—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion
- C10L9/10—Treating solid fuels to improve their combustion by using additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L2200/00—Components of fuel compositions
- C10L2200/02—Inorganic or organic compounds containing atoms other than C, H or O, e.g. organic compounds containing heteroatoms or metal organic complexes
- C10L2200/029—Salts, such as carbonates, oxides, hydroxides, percompounds, e.g. peroxides, perborates, nitrates, nitrites, sulfates, and silicates
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Abstract
The alumina composite additive for improving the civil coke ash melting point comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of alumina and 10-20 parts of hematite. The invention has wide and rich raw material sources, low price and obvious improvement on the civil coke ash melting point. Compared with the direct combustion of raw coal, the method obviously improves the operability and the applicability of the civil fuel on the premise of not changing the existing stove, can improve the working efficiency of a boiler and manual operation, and greatly improves the usability of civil coke.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an alumina composite additive for improving civil coke ash melting point, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Coal is used as a main energy source in China, and the main utilization mode of the coal is combustion. A large amount of coal is directly combusted, so that various problems such as climate change, carbon cycle, environmental pollution, health hazard and the like are caused. Compared with industrial and power generation coal, although the consumption of civil bulk coal is low, flue gas is directly discharged due to the lack of effective devices for flue gas dust removal, desulfurization and the like, and the coal becomes one of main emission sources of air pollution in China. Therefore, the replacement of civil scattered-burning raw coal by clean and environment-friendly fuel is the key for improving the atmospheric environment.
The civil coke is a clean solid fuel which is prepared by using fuel coal (power coal) as a main material and a small amount of coking coal, a sulfur-fixing agent, a carburant, a combustion improver and the like as auxiliary materials and performing high-temperature dry distillation by using the existing production equipment of a coking plant. The method has the advantages of good agglomeration, moderate strength, low volatilization, low sulfur emission, difficult slagging and the like, does not need a desulfurization facility, and the tail gas can meet the national emission standard; and the fuel is easy to ignite, strong in fire-sustaining capability, high in temperature rise speed and long in combustion duration, and is an ideal fuel for various civil life stoves.
The civil coke is used as fuel of civil coal-fired boiler, and its slag-discharging mode adopts solid-state slag-discharging mode. The solid slag discharging mode is that slag generated by combustion of a boiler using solid fuel is discharged from a fuel chamber in a solid state, the solid slag discharging mode requires that ash slag is solidified into a solid state before reaching the surrounding furnace wall in the fuel combustion process, otherwise the ash slag in a molten state is adhered to the furnace wall to form coke slag, the utilization efficiency of the fuel is obviously reduced due to the existence of the coke slag, and even a channel in the boiler is blocked when the slag is seriously bonded, ventilation is affected, even a furnace bar can be burned off, and the furnace wall is damaged, so that the furnace body is damaged. After the civil coke is coked, the ash melting point of the civil coke is higher than that of raw coal, the ash melting property of the civil coke is improved by introducing the additive, and the civil coke serving as a qualified civil fuel can achieve a better using effect.
Patents on the aspects of improving the melting point of coal ash and preventing slagging, such as CN200710059346.9, disclose a method for improving the melting point of coal ash, which is prepared by mixing raw coal with low ash melting point as a raw material with 10-13% of additives; the method is directly mixed with raw coal for use, and the actual use process of the method does not conform to the use rule of civil fuel. CN201410549576.3 discloses a method for preventing slagging of a catalytic gasification furnace, which takes easily slagging coal of a high-load catalyst as a raw material, mixes the easily slagging coal with water washing slag to form a sample, wherein the content of the easily slagging coal of the high-load catalyst in the sample is 80-95 wt%, the content of the water washing slag is 5-20 wt%, and the prepared sample is gasified in a fluidized bed; the method is suitable for gasification of fuel in a gasification furnace, but not combustion in a civil boiler. The additive is added into the civil coke in the coal blending process, the civil coke can be uniformly mixed, the industrial production can be realized under the condition of not changing the original facilities, and the product can be directly used as civil fuel.
After retrieval, no additive for improving the civil coke ash melting point is reported.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an alumina composite additive for improving the civil coke ash melting point and a preparation method and application thereof.
When raw coal is combusted in a civil stove, particularly a civil heating hot water boiler, the slagging phenomenon often occurs, because the melting points of the traditional raw coal ash are uneven and the raw coal ash is in a high-fire state, the central temperature of a hearth even exceeds 1300 ℃, the ash slag is melted due to the low ash melting point of the raw coal at the high temperature, and slagging occurs on a furnace wall and a furnace bar, the normal operation and combustion of the boiler are influenced by the slagging phenomenon, and the furnace bar is seriously even burnt off and damaged.
Although the metallurgical coke has high ash melting point, the volatile component of the metallurgical coke is very low and is only about 1 percent, the metallurgical coke has compact structure, poor reactivity, high ignition temperature and no obvious flame during combustion, and cannot be normally used in the traditional civil stoves.
Compared with the raw coal, the civil clean coke has more high-temperature carbonization processes, the ash melting point is improved compared with the raw coal after the process, the ash component composition is changed compared with the raw coal after the addition of the auxiliary agent, and the ash melting point is further improved by adjusting the proportion of acid-base oxides in the ash component.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the alumina composite additive for improving the flame length of the civil coke comprises, by weight, 40-60 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of alumina and 10-20 parts of hematite.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out coarse crushing and fine crushing on dried raw materials of kaolin, quartz sand, alumina and hematite to obtain granules
The degree is less than or equal to 3 mm;
respectively weighing the crushed raw materials, mixing and stirring uniformly;
the uniformly mixed mixture is ground in a dry mode, so that the granularity of the raw materials is less than or equal to 150 meshes (0.1 mm); and then calcining for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 260-300 ℃, and cooling to the normal temperature to obtain the aluminum oxide composite additive.
The application of the alumina composite additive comprises the following steps:
according to the alumina composite additive: adding the alumina composite additive into the blended coal at a weight ratio of 0.4-1.0: 100, insulating air in a dry distillation furnace, heating to 900-1100 ℃, continuously heating for 16-24 h, discharging the red hot furnace charge, cooling to normal temperature through a coke quenching process, and screening to obtain the civil coke containing the alumina composite additive.
The quality indexes of the blended coal are as follows: FCd≥50％，Vadf≥25％，Ad≤25％，Std＜1.5％。
The screening is to screen the charge materials which are cooled to the normal temperature into the particle size of 25-80 mm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that are directly brought and inevitably produced as follows:
in the method, the adopted alumina composite additive has wide and rich raw material sources and low price, is directly added into the blended coal, is prepared into the civil coke containing the alumina composite additive through high-temperature dry distillation, and has the ash melting point which can be improved by 70 ℃ at least and has obvious effect of improving the ash melting point compared with the raw coal.
Compared with the direct combustion raw coal, the civil coke produced by the method obviously improves the operability and the applicability of the civil fuel, can improve the working efficiency of a boiler and manual operation and greatly improves the usability of the civil coke on the premise of not changing the existing stove.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out coarse crushing and fine crushing on dried raw materials of kaolin, quartz sand, alumina and hematite additives until the particle size is less than or equal to 3 mm;
sequentially and respectively weighing 60kg of crushed kaolin, 20kg of quartz sand, 10kg of alumina and 10kg of hematite, mixing the materials together, and uniformly stirring;
the mixture obtained by uniformly stirring the three raw materials is ground in a dry mode, so that the granularity of the raw materials is less than or equal to 150 meshes (0.1 mm); then calcining for 2 hours at the temperature of 260 ℃, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain the alumina composite additive;
⑷ the coal material is blended coal prepared by blending 20 wt% of long flame coal, 15 wt% of lean coal, 30 wt% of 1/3 coking coal, 20 wt% of fat coal and 15 wt% of gas coal, wherein the quality index of the blended coal is Vdaf30.0％，Ad13.5％，FCd60.6％，St,d0.67 percent; the bonding index G is 65, and the fineness (less than or equal to 3mm) is 73.6 percent;
fifthly, the aluminum oxide composite additive: adding the prepared alumina composite additive into the blended coal at a weight ratio of 0.4:100, insulating air in a dry distillation furnace, heating to 1100 ℃, continuously heating for 16h, discharging the red hot furnace charge, cooling to normal temperature through a coke quenching process, and sieving with a particle size of 25-80mm to obtain the civil coke containing the alumina composite additive.
Comparative example: adding no additive into the blended coal, heating to 1100 deg.C in a dry distillation furnace under air isolation, continuously heating for 16h, discharging red hot furnace material, quenching to normal temperature, and sieving to obtain coke as control coke.
The ash melting points of the civil coke and the coke ash for comparison obtained by the HR-6 type ash melting point tester produced by Shenhua coal chemical laboratory equipment Co. The test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Ash melting Point comparison of coke with and without the additive package
| Experimental groups | Ash melting Point C | Increase the value of |
| Blended coal | 1230 | - |
| Contrast coke | 1260 | 30 |
| Civil coke added with composite additive | 1330 | 70 |
Example 2
The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out coarse crushing and fine crushing on dried additive raw materials such as kaolin, quartz sand, alumina and hematite to obtain the particle size of less than or equal to 3 mm;
sequentially and respectively weighing 40kg of crushed kaolin, 20kg of quartz sand, 20kg of alumina and 15kg of hematite, mixing the materials together, and uniformly stirring;
the mixture obtained by uniformly stirring the three raw materials is ground in a dry mode, so that the granularity of the raw materials is less than or equal to 150 meshes (0.1 mm); then calcining for 1.8 hours at 270 ℃, cooling to normal temperature and packaging to obtain the kaolin composite additive;
⑷ the coal as fired is a blended coal prepared by blending 20 wt% of weakly caking coal, 40 wt% of non-caking coal, 20 wt% of gas-fat coal and 20 wt% of lean coal, and its quality index (wt%) is Vdaf33.0％，Ad13.5％，FCd58.2％，St,d0.84 percent, the bonding index G is 50, and the fineness (less than or equal to 3mm) is 86.5 percent;
the aluminum oxide composite additive: adding the prepared kaolin composite additive into the blended coal at a weight ratio of 0.6:100, insulating air in a dry distillation furnace, heating to 1050 ℃, continuously heating for 18h, discharging the red hot furnace charge, cooling to normal temperature through a coke quenching process, and sieving with a particle size of 25-80mm to obtain the civil coke containing the alumina composite additive.
Comparative example: adding no additive into the blended coal, isolating air in a dry distillation furnace, heating to 1050 ℃, continuously heating for 18h, discharging the red hot furnace charge, cooling to normal temperature through a coke quenching process, and screening to obtain coke serving as contrast coke.
The ash melting points of the civil coke and the coke ash for comparison obtained by the HR-6 type ash melting point tester produced by Shenhua coal chemical laboratory equipment Co. The test results are shown in Table 2
TABLE 2 Ash melting Point comparison of coke with and without the additive package
| Experimental groups | Ash melting Point C | Increase the value of |
| Blended coal | 1205 | |
| Contrast coke | 1230 | 25 |
| Civil coke added with composite additive | 1320 | 90 |
Example 3
The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out coarse crushing and fine crushing on dried additive raw materials such as kaolin, quartz sand, alumina and hematite to obtain the particle size of less than or equal to 3 mm;
respectively weighing 45kg of crushed kaolin, 25kg of quartz sand, 15kg of alumina and 10kg of hematite in sequence, mixing the materials together, and uniformly stirring;
the mixture obtained by uniformly stirring the three raw materials is ground in a dry mode, so that the granularity of the raw materials is less than or equal to 150 meshes (0.1 mm); then calcining for 1.8 hours at 270 ℃, cooling to normal temperature and packaging to obtain the aluminum oxide composite additive;
⑷ the coal charge is blended coal composed of weakly caking coal 20 wt%, lean coal 15 wt%, coking coal 1/3 wt%, fat coal 20 wt% and main coking coal 15 wt%, and the quality index of the blended coal is Vdaf30.0％，Ad13.5％，FCd60.6％，St,d0.67 percent; the bonding index G is 74, and the fineness (less than or equal to 3mm) is 73.6 percent;
fifthly, the aluminum oxide composite additive: adding the prepared kaolin composite additive into the blended coal at a weight ratio of 0.8:100, insulating air in a dry distillation furnace, heating to 1000 ℃, continuously heating for 20 hours, discharging the red hot furnace charge, cooling to normal temperature through a coke quenching process, and sieving with a particle size of 25-80mm to obtain the civil coke containing the alumina composite additive.
Comparative example: adding no additive into the blended coal, heating to 1000 deg.C in a dry distillation furnace under air isolation, continuously heating for 20 hr, discharging red hot furnace material, quenching to normal temperature, and sieving to obtain coke as control coke.
The ash melting points of the civil coke and the coke ash for comparison obtained by the HR-6 type ash melting point tester produced by Shenhua coal chemical laboratory equipment Co. The test results are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3 Ash melting Point comparison of coke with and without the additive package
| Experimental groups | Ash melting Point C | Increase the value of |
| Blended coal | 1215 | |
| Contrast coke | 1250 | 35 |
| Civil coke added with composite additive | 1370 | 120 |
Example 4
The method comprises the steps of respectively carrying out coarse crushing and fine crushing on dried additive raw materials such as kaolin, quartz sand, alumina and hematite to obtain the particle size of less than or equal to 3 mm;
sequentially and respectively weighing 60kg of crushed kaolin, 30kg of quartz sand, 20kg of alumina and 20kg of hematite, mixing the materials together, and uniformly stirring;
the mixture obtained by uniformly stirring the three raw materials is ground in a dry mode, so that the granularity of the raw materials is less than or equal to 150 meshes (0.1 mm); then calcining for 1.8 hours at 270 ℃, cooling to normal temperature and packaging to obtain the aluminum oxide composite additive;
⑷ the coal as fired is a blended coal prepared by blending 30 wt% of weakly caking coal, 40 wt% of long flame coal, 20 wt% of gas-fat coal and 10 wt% of non-caking coal, and its quality index (wt%) is Vadf35.0％，Ad13.5％，FCd56.2％，St,d0.84 percent, the bonding index G is 40, and the fineness (less than or equal to 3mm) is 86.5 percent;
fifthly, the aluminum oxide composite additive: adding the prepared kaolin composite additive into the blended coal at a weight ratio of 1:100, insulating air in a dry distillation furnace, heating to 950 ℃, continuously heating for 22h, discharging the red hot furnace charge, cooling to normal temperature through a coke quenching process, and sieving with a particle size of 25-80mm to obtain the civil coke containing the alumina composite additive.
Comparative example: adding no additive into the blended coal, heating to 950 ℃ in a dry distillation furnace in an air-isolated mode, continuously heating for 22h, discharging the red hot furnace charge, cooling to normal temperature through a coke quenching process, and screening to obtain coke serving as contrast coke.
The ash melting points of the civil coke and the coke ash for comparison obtained by the HR-6 type ash melting point tester produced by Shenhua coal chemical laboratory equipment Co. The test results are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 Ash melting Point comparison of coke with and without the additive package
| Experimental groups | Ash melting Point C | Increase the value of |
| Blended coal | 1203 | |
| Contrast coke | 1220 | 17 |
| Civil coke added with composite additive | 1370 | 150 |
The experimental results of the embodiment 1-4 show that after the aluminum oxide composite additive is added, the ash melting point of the civil coke is obviously improved, the adaptability of the civil coke is wider, and the application of the civil coke as a fuel is ensured.
Claims (5)
1. The alumina composite additive for improving the civil coke ash melting point is characterized by comprising, by weight, 40-60 parts of kaolin, 20-30 parts of quartz sand, 10-20 parts of alumina and 10-20 parts of hematite.
2. The method for preparing the alumina composite additive for improving the melting point of civil coke ash as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the steps of:
the dried kaolin, quartz sand, alumina and hematite raw materials are respectively subjected to coarse crushing and fine crushing until the granularity is less than or equal to 3 mm;
respectively weighing the crushed raw materials, mixing and uniformly stirring;
dry grinding the uniformly mixed mixture to ensure that the granularity of the raw material is less than or equal to 150 meshes (0.1 mm); and then calcining for 1-2 hours at the temperature of 260-300 ℃, and cooling to the normal temperature to obtain the aluminum oxide composite additive.
3. The application of the alumina composite additive for improving the melting point of civil coke ash as claimed in claim 1, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
according to the alumina composite additive: adding the alumina composite additive into the blended coal at a weight ratio of 0.4-1.0: 100, insulating air in a dry distillation furnace, heating to 900-1100 ℃, continuously heating for 16-24 h, discharging the red hot furnace charge, cooling to normal temperature through a coke quenching process, and screening to obtain the civil coke containing the alumina composite additive.
4. The application of the alumina composite additive for improving the melting point of civil coke ash as claimed in claim 3, wherein the quality of the blended coalThe indexes are as follows: FCd≥50%，Vadf≥25%，Ad≤25%，Std＜1.5%。
5. The use of the alumina composite additive for increasing the melting point of civil coke ash as claimed in claim 3, wherein the screening is to screen the charge stock to a particle size of 25-80 mm.
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| CN108624375A (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2018-10-09 | 湖北和泰生物能源有限公司 | A kind of environmentally protective biomass granule fuel and preparation method thereof |
| CN109233882B (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-09-04 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for regulating and controlling melting point of gasified coke ash prepared from high-proportion low-quality coal |
| CN110283621A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-09-27 | 太原理工大学 | A method of improving gasification charred ashes fusing point |
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