CN107098823A - 氨基酸金纳米颗粒及其制备方法和用途 - Google Patents
氨基酸金纳米颗粒及其制备方法和用途 Download PDFInfo
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C229/00—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/02—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton
- C07C229/04—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated
- C07C229/06—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton
- C07C229/08—Compounds containing amino and carboxyl groups bound to the same carbon skeleton having amino and carboxyl groups bound to acyclic carbon atoms of the same carbon skeleton the carbon skeleton being acyclic and saturated having only one amino and one carboxyl group bound to the carbon skeleton the nitrogen atom of the amino group being further bound to hydrogen atoms
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Abstract
本发明实施例公开了氨基酸金纳米颗粒及其制备方法和用途,其中所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒由金纳米颗粒和氨基酸合成。本发明实施例还公开了相应的氨基酸金纳米颗粒制备方法和用途。本发明实施例有利于实现检测生物体内重金属离子浓度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及纳米医学技术领域,具体涉及氨基酸金纳米颗粒及其制备方法和用途。
背景技术
随着人们对健康的关注度的提高,重金属离子引起的中毒越来越被人们所关注。日常生活中,重金属离子无时无刻不在影响着人们的生命健康,极少量的重金属离子(例如二价汞离子、二甲铅离子)就能够危及人的生命。在重金属离子引起的中毒中,汞、铅、铊三种金属中毒是目前重金属离子中毒中表现最为普遍的一种。以汞离子为例,汞离子是对人体和环境最有威胁和毒害作用的金属离子之一,它对大脑、骨骼、肾脏以及中枢神经,免疫以及内分泌等系统都有不同程度的毒害作用,汞及其污染物可以通过火山喷发、采矿、固体废弃物焚化等方式污染大量的水、空气和土壤,并且可以进一步通过食物链富积于人体中,对人的健康有极大的损害。但是现有的重金属检测手段在临床中缺乏特异性以及检测手段非常的滞后,久而久之,误诊、漏诊以及延迟诊断的现象司空见惯,所以对于环境中低浓度重金属离子的检测以及生物学研究已经成为近年来的研究热点。
尽管对于重金属离子的检测已经存在很多方法,比如原子吸收、电子顺磁共振、荧光探针等,但是这些方法都不能够对生物体内离子进行直观、实时检测,并且样品的预处理也比较复杂,不能排除其他阳离子的干扰,并且基于探针的金属离子检测存在探针选择性不高,探针的水溶性差等缺陷,所以传统的检测金属例子的方法在实际当中的应用受到一定的限制。
发明内容
本发明实施例提供了一种氨基酸金纳米颗粒及其制备方法和用途,以期实现检测生物体内重金属离子浓度。
第一方面,本发明实施例提供一种氨基酸金纳米颗粒,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒由金纳米颗粒和氨基酸合成,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒具有如下结构通式:
其中,R1为金纳米颗粒,R2为氨基酸。
可选的,所述金纳米颗粒包括以下至少一种:13nm的金纳米颗粒,20nm的金纳米颗粒和55nm的金纳米颗粒。
可选的,所述氨基酸包括精氨酸。
第二方面,本发明实施例提供一种氨基酸金纳米颗粒的制备方法,所述方法包括:
采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸的方法来制备金纳米颗粒,其中,氯金酸浓度为0.01wt%,柠檬酸的浓度为1wt%,氯金酸与柠檬酸钠的比例为100:0.7;或,氯金酸浓度为0.01wt%,,柠檬酸的浓度为0.05wt%,氯金酸与柠檬酸钠的比例为100:0.3;
所述金纳米颗粒与氨基酸的巯基基团反应,生成氨基酸金纳米颗粒。
第三方面,本发明实施例提供一种氨基酸金纳米颗粒的用途,用于检测重金属离子。
可选的,所述重金属离子包括汞离子。
可选的,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒可以用于紫外线检测重金属离子浓度。
可选的,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒可以用于光声信号检测重金属离子浓度。
可以看出,本发明实施例中的氨基酸金纳米颗粒,由金纳米颗粒和氨基酸合成,可以实现检测生物体内重金属离子浓度。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本发明实施例提供的氨基酸金纳米颗粒的制备方法的流程示意图;
图2是本发明实施例提供的氨基酸金纳米颗粒在用于测重金属离子浓度时的过程示意图;
图2-1是本发明实施例提供的分散状态下的13nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图;
图2-2是本发明实施例提供的分散状态下的20nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图;
图2-3是本发明实施例提供的分散状态下的55nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图;
图2-4是本发明实施例提供的第一放大倍数下基于重金属离子团聚在一起的13nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图;
图2-5是本发明实施例提供的第一放大倍数下基于重金属离子团聚在一起的20nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图;
图2-6是本发明实施例提供的第一放大倍数下基于重金属离子团聚在一起的55nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图;
图2-7是本发明实施例提供的第二放大倍数下基于重金属离子团聚在一起的13nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图;
图2-8是本发明实施例提供的第二放大倍数下基于重金属离子团聚在一起的20nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图;
图2-9是本发明实施例提供的第二放大倍数下基于重金属离子团聚在一起的55nm的金纳米颗粒的电镜示意图。
具体实施方式
为了使本技术领域的人员更好地理解本发明方案,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本文中提及“实施例”意味着,结合实施例描述的特定特征、结构或特性可以包含在本发明的至少一个实施例中。在说明书中的各个位置出现该短语并不一定均是指相同的实施例,也不是与其它实施例互斥的独立的或备选的实施例。本领域技术人员显式地和隐式地理解的是,本文所描述的实施例可以与其它实施例相结合。
为了更好理解本发明实施例公开的一种氨基酸金纳米颗粒及其制备方法和用途,下面对本发明实施例进行详细介绍。
本发明实施例中的氨基酸金纳米颗粒由金纳米颗粒和氨基酸合成,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒具有如下结构通式:
其中,R1为金纳米颗粒(AuNPs),R2为氨基酸(Arg)。
以氨基酸为精氨酸为例,请参阅图1,图1是本发明实施例提供的一种氨基酸金纳米颗粒的制备方法的流程示意图,如图1所示,本发明实施例中的氨基酸金纳米颗粒的制备方法包括以下步骤:
S101、清洗器皿,将制备过程涉及到的玻璃器皿用新鲜刚制备的王水清洗干净(HNO3/HCl=1:3),然后分别用去离子水来回冲洗三遍。
S102、把氯金酸(0.01wt%,100mL)添加至圆底烧瓶。
S103、采用可调式控温装置,按照仪器的安装顺序加上冷凝管,在磁性搅拌的情况下直至煮沸并回流。
S104、将柠檬酸钠快速地加入到煮沸的溶液之中,将煮沸的溶液依然保持沸腾的状态30min之后再把沸腾的溶液冷却至室温,保持过夜后取出,以得到金纳米颗粒。
其中,可选的,将0.7ml的1wt%的柠檬酸钠快速地加入到煮沸的溶液之中,可以得到13nm和55nm的金纳米颗粒,金纳米颗粒的浓度分别是13nm的金纳米颗粒的浓度是2.5nM,55nm的金纳米颗粒的浓度是0.025nM。
可选的,将0.3ml的0.05wt%的柠檬酸钠快速地加入到煮沸的溶液之中,可以得到20nm的金纳米颗粒。
S105、将得到的金纳米颗粒经精氨酸修饰,以得到精氨酸金纳米颗粒。
其中,由于精氨酸带有巯基基团,巯基基团可以跟金纳米颗粒发生反应,生成氨基酸金纳米颗粒。
可以看出,本发明实施例中的氨基酸金纳米颗粒,由金纳米颗粒和氨基酸合成,可以实现光声信号检测重金属离子浓度,进而可以实现检测生物体内重金属离子浓度。
氨基酸金纳米颗粒在用于测重金属离子浓度的过程中,氨基酸金纳米颗粒可以基于重金属离子团聚在一起。以汞离子为例,氨基酸金纳米颗粒在用于测重金属离子浓度时的过程示意图。如图2所示,随着连接后形成的颗粒集合的直径的变化,含有氨基酸金纳米颗粒的溶液的颜色也会发生变化,由红色向紫色转变。
对合成的纳米颗粒进行紫外可见吸、透射电镜的表征来描述金纳米颗粒的合成过程。对于13nm的金纳米颗粒的消光系数是2.46×108M-1cm-1,55nm的金纳米颗粒的消光系数是2.97×1010M-1cm-1。请参阅图2-1至2-3,图2-1至2-3分别是分散状态下的13nm、20nm以及55nm的氨基酸金纳米颗粒电镜示意图;请参阅图2-4至2-6,图2-4至2-6分别是第一放大倍数的基于重金属离子团聚在一起的13nm、20nm以及55nm的氨基酸金纳米颗粒电镜示意图;图2-7至2-9分别是第二放大倍数的基于重金属离子团聚在一起的13nm、20nm以及55nm的氨基酸金纳米颗粒电镜示意图,其中,第二放大倍数大于第一放大倍数。
上述氨基酸金纳米颗粒可以用于紫外线检测重金属离子浓度,以精氨酸修饰的金纳米颗粒检测汞离子为例,若溶液中汞离子浓度为0时,13nm直径的纳米颗粒仅在522nm左右存在上升和下降趋势,当溶液中汞离子浓度为大于0小于5μM时,13nm直径的纳米颗粒随着汞离子浓度的增加,修饰过精氨酸的金纳米颗粒随着汞离子浓度的增加分别在522nm和711nm处针对紫外线呈现出吸收下降和上升的趋势,那么A711/A522的比值不断呈线性增加。同样地,若溶液中汞离子浓度为0时,20nm直径的纳米颗粒仅在522nm左右存在上升和下降趋势,当溶液中汞离子浓度为大于0小于5μM时,20nm直径的纳米颗粒随着汞离子浓度的增加,修饰过精氨酸的金纳米颗粒随着汞离子浓度的增加分别在522nm和711nm处针对紫外线呈现出吸收下降和上升的趋势,那么A711/A522的比值不断呈线性增加。同样地,若溶液中汞离子浓度为0时,50nm直径的纳米颗粒仅在522nm左右存在上升和下降趋势,当溶液中汞离子浓度为大于0小于5μM时,55nm直径的纳米颗粒随着汞离子浓度的增加,修饰过精氨酸的金纳米颗粒随着浓度的增加分别在522nm和711nm处针对紫外线呈现出吸收下降和上升的趋势,那么A711/A522的比值不断呈线性增加,即三种尺寸的纳米颗粒以相同的趋势变化,而不随直径的大小发生变化。
上述氨基酸金纳米颗粒可以用于光声信号检测重金属离子浓度,以精氨酸修饰的金纳米颗粒检测汞离子为例,13nm,20nm和55nm修饰过精氨酸后的金纳米颗粒随着汞离子浓度的增加,反馈的光声信号也增加,光声测量时设的激光源值分别是680nm、722nm、840nm,实验可以得到当金纳米颗粒的粒径直径在13nm的时候,激光值在680nm,反馈的光声信号随着汞离子浓度的增加呈现线性增强。直径为20nm的金纳米颗粒在加入汞离子后所呈现出的光声成像效果不如当纳米颗粒直径为13nm的明显。当纳米颗粒的直径为55nm时随着汞离子浓度的增加光声信号和前两排相比相对弱了一些。
三种尺寸的纳米颗粒紫外吸收和汞离子在紫外吸收下的检测浓度范围和光声检测的范围,光声成像给出的溶液中汞离子浓度的范围要比紫外吸收给出的浓度范围更加的宽泛。而且随着负载了精氨酸的金纳米颗粒的尺寸从13nm到55nm,紫外的最小吸收值从519nm到533nm不断增加,而紫外吸收的做大峰值从650nm到840nm发生变化。但是两个峰值的比值不随尺寸发生的变化而改变。只有在表面修饰了精氨酸的金纳米颗粒再加入汞离子之后的纳米颗粒才会发生团聚。从而可以证明表面的精氨酸在络合汞离子反应中起到了关键的变化。
以上对本发明实施例进行了详细介绍,本文中应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述,以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想;同时,对于本领域的一般技术人员,依据本发明的思想,在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处,综上所述,本说明书内容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
Claims (8)
1.一种氨基酸金纳米颗粒,其特征在于,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒由金纳米颗粒和氨基酸合成,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒具有如下结构通式:
其中,R1为金纳米颗粒,R2为氨基酸。
2.如权利要求1所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒,其特征在于,所述金纳米颗粒包括以下至少一种:13nm的金纳米颗粒,20nm的金纳米颗粒和55nm的金纳米颗粒。
3.如权利要求1所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒,其特征在于,所述氨基酸包括精氨酸。
4.一种如权利要求1至3任一项所述的氨基酸金纳米颗粒的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
采用柠檬酸钠还原氯金酸的方法来制备金纳米颗粒,其中,氯金酸浓度为0.01wt%,柠檬酸的浓度为1wt%,氯金酸与柠檬酸钠的比例为100:0.7;或,氯金酸浓度为0.01wt%,,柠檬酸的浓度为0.05wt%,氯金酸与柠檬酸钠的比例为100:0.3;
所述金纳米颗粒与氨基酸的巯基基团反应,生成氨基酸金纳米颗粒。
5.一种如权利要求1至3任一项所述的氨基酸金纳米颗粒的用途,其特征在于,用于检测重金属离子。
6.如权利要求5所述的氨基酸金纳米颗粒的用途,其特征在于,所述重金属离子包括汞离子。
7.如权利要求5所述的氨基酸金纳米颗粒的用途,其特征在于,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒可以用于紫外线检测重金属离子浓度。
8.如权利要求5所述的氨基酸金纳米颗粒的用途,其特征在于,所述氨基酸金纳米颗粒可以用于光声信号检测重金属离子浓度。
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