CN107098483A - 一种水质改良剂 - Google Patents

一种水质改良剂 Download PDF

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CN107098483A
CN107098483A CN201710391771.1A CN201710391771A CN107098483A CN 107098483 A CN107098483 A CN 107098483A CN 201710391771 A CN201710391771 A CN 201710391771A CN 107098483 A CN107098483 A CN 107098483A
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improver
water quality
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fruit
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檀宁
裴琨
陈泳先
韦朝民
梁越
曾尚伟
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FANGCHENGGANG FISHERY TECHNOLOGY EXTENSION STATION
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种水质改良剂,按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:壳聚糖12‑23份、光合细菌1‑5份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠9‑15份、过硫酸氢钾3‑12份、甜菜碱10‑21份、纳米银11‑22份、质酸铵2‑9份、活性炭9‑17份和中药9‑16份;所述中药包括以下重量份的中药组分:穿心莲5‑15份、延胡索7‑18份、黄芪4‑17份、板蓝根11‑25份、香附子7‑14份、桑叶8‑26份、艾草7‑23份、菟丝子5‑15份、金樱子7‑18份、五味子2‑18份、山茱萸3‑17份、鸡血藤8‑18份和薄荷7‑18份。本发明的水质改良剂,加入纳米银等作为杀菌剂,中药作为水质改良剂的抗病免疫调节剂,具有增强水生动物体质、提高水生动物的抗应激能力和免疫抗病力的效果,提高了水生动物的成活率。本发明的水质改良剂的制备方法制作工艺简单,易于掌握。

Description

一种水质改良剂
技术领域
本发明涉及水产养殖领域,特别涉及一种水质改良剂。
背景技术
随着我国水产养殖的迅速发展,养殖密度不断加大,一些养殖水体水质及底质严重老化,水体中的氨氮、亚硝酸盐、溶氧量等指标不易控制,阻碍了鱼类的生活生长。水质环境的持续恶化,鱼病频发,养殖户为了防治鱼(虾)病,大量使用消毒剂、抗生素等虾药,甚至人药鱼(虾)用,用药剂量越来越高,药物的毒性越来越强,这些药物的使用,又严重破坏了已经十分脆弱的生态环境,形成越病越治、越治越病的怪圈。老化池塘中,养殖残饵、粪便、死亡动植物尸体和消毒剂、抗生素等有毒化学物在池底沉积多年,形成黑色污泥,污泥中含有丰富的有机质,厌氧微生物占主导地位,气温升高加速了有机质的厌氧分解,消耗水中大量氧气,产生NH3、H2S、NO2等有毒物质,影响对虾正常生长发育,而且黑色污泥中含有大量的致病菌,寄生虫和敌害生物的卵,增加了池塘病源的传播途径,使生产过程中鱼(虾)药的用量增加,水产品品质下降。水产养殖户大量采用药物防治,从而又加速了水质情况的恶化,产生了二次污染,进一步又对鱼类肉质产生负面影响,形成了恶性循环。
公开于该背景技术部分的信息仅仅旨在增加对本发明的总体背景的理解,而不应当被视为承认或以任何形式暗示该信息构成已为本领域一般技术人员所公知的现有技术。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种水质改良剂,改善养殖水体的水质、促进鱼类的健康生长,提高鱼类水产的免疫力和应激性。
为实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种水质改良剂,按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:壳聚糖12-23份、光合细菌1-5份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠9-15份、过硫酸氢钾3-12份、甜菜碱10-21份、纳米银11-22份、质酸铵2-9份、活性炭9-17份和中药9-16份;所述中药包括以下重量份的中药组分:穿心莲5-15份、延胡索7-18份、黄芪4-17份、板蓝根11-25份、香附子7-14份、桑叶8-26份、艾草7-23份、菟丝子5-15份、金樱子7-18份、五味子2-18份、山茱萸3-17份、鸡血藤8-18份和薄荷7-18份。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述的水质改良剂,所述按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:壳聚糖17份、光合细菌3份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠11份、过硫酸氢钾7份、甜菜碱17份、纳米银18份、质酸铵4份、活性炭11份和中药12份;所述中药包括以下重量份的中药组分:穿心莲9份、延胡索11份、黄芪11份、板蓝根16份、香附子9份、桑叶14份、艾草16份、菟丝子11份、金樱子12份、五味子9份、山茱萸9份、鸡血藤12份和薄荷11份。
一种水质改良剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将穿心莲、延胡索、黄芪、板蓝根、香附子、桑叶、艾草、菟丝子、金樱子、五味子、山茱萸、鸡血藤和薄荷粉碎后用水与粉末搅拌均匀,然后烘干,再将中药粉碎;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的中药粉末与壳聚糖、光合细菌、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、过硫酸氢钾、甜菜碱、纳米银、质酸铵、活性炭按配比混合后粉碎。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述步骤(1)的粉碎是将中药粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述步骤(1)的烘干是温度为90~100℃条件下保持1.5~2.5小时,然后降温至室温。
优选地,上述技术方案中,所述步骤(2)的粉碎是将中药粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有如下有益效果:本发明的水质改良剂,加入纳米银等作为杀菌剂,中药作为水质改良剂的抗病免疫调节剂,具有增强水生动物体质、提高水生动物的抗应激能力和免疫抗病力的效果,提高了水生动物的成活率。本发明的水质改良剂的制备方法制作工艺简单,易于掌握。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细描述,但应当理解本发明的保护范围并不受具体实施方式的限制。
实施例1
一种水质改良剂,按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:壳聚糖17份、光合细菌3份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠11份、过硫酸氢钾7份、甜菜碱17份、纳米银18份、质酸铵4份、活性炭11份和中药12份;所述中药包括以下重量份的中药组分:穿心莲9份、延胡索11份、黄芪11份、板蓝根16份、香附子9份、桑叶14份、艾草16份、菟丝子11份、金樱子12份、五味子9份、山茱萸9份、鸡血藤12份和薄荷11份。
一种水质改良剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将穿心莲、延胡索、黄芪、板蓝根、香附子、桑叶、艾草、菟丝子、金樱子、五味子、山茱萸、鸡血藤和薄荷粉碎后用水与粉末搅拌均匀,然后烘干,烘干是温度为90~100℃条件下保持2小时,然后降温至室温,再将中药粉碎,粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的中药粉末与壳聚糖、光合细菌、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、过硫酸氢钾、甜菜碱、纳米银、质酸铵、活性炭按配比混合后粉碎,粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目。
实施例2
一种水质改良剂,按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:壳聚糖12份、光合细菌5份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠9份、过硫酸氢钾12份、甜菜碱10份、纳米银11份、质酸铵9份、活性炭9份和中药16份;所述中药包括以下重量份的中药组分:穿心莲15份、延胡索7份、黄芪17份、板蓝根25份、香附子7份、桑叶8份、艾草23份、菟丝子5份、金樱子7份、五味子2份、山茱萸17份、鸡血藤8份和薄荷18份。
一种水质改良剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将穿心莲、延胡索、黄芪、板蓝根、香附子、桑叶、艾草、菟丝子、金樱子、五味子、山茱萸、鸡血藤和薄荷粉碎后用水与粉末搅拌均匀,然后烘干,烘干是温度为90~100℃条件下保持1.5小时,然后降温至室温,再将中药粉碎,粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的中药粉末与壳聚糖、光合细菌、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、过硫酸氢钾、甜菜碱、纳米银、质酸铵、活性炭按配比混合后粉碎,粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目。
实施例3
一种水质改良剂,按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:壳聚糖23份、光合细菌1份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠15份、过硫酸氢钾3份、甜菜碱21份、纳米银22份、质酸铵2份、活性炭17份和中药9份;所述中药包括以下重量份的中药组分:穿心莲5份、延胡索18份、黄芪4份、板蓝根11份、香附子14份、桑叶26份、艾草7份、菟丝子15份、金樱子18份、五味子18份、山茱萸3份、鸡血藤18份和薄荷7份。
一种水质改良剂的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将穿心莲、延胡索、黄芪、板蓝根、香附子、桑叶、艾草、菟丝子、金樱子、五味子、山茱萸、鸡血藤和薄荷粉碎后用水与粉末搅拌均匀,然后烘干,烘干是温度为90~100℃条件下保持2.5小时,然后降温至室温,再将中药粉碎,粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的中药粉末与壳聚糖、光合细菌、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、过硫酸氢钾、甜菜碱、纳米银、质酸铵、活性炭按配比混合后粉碎,粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目。
应用实验结果
使用本发明产品对鱼幼苗成活率的影响
实验分为试验组和对照组,每组水产养殖面积相同,即每亩放养3500条草鱼,引入相同的水质进行饲养,放养后每亩洒2.5KG的水质改良剂,鱼苗的养殖使用试验组水质改良剂和对照组的水质改良剂70天后随机捞取500条鱼进行观察。
试验组分为三组进行:
(1)采用实施例1的制作方法制作得到的水质改良剂;
(2)采用实施例2的制作方法制作得到的水质改良剂;
(3)采用实施例3的制作方法制作得到的水质改良剂;
对照组:采用市面上常用的水质改良剂。
草鱼苗成活率的影响实验结果如下:
指标 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 对照组
初始活苗数(尾) 500 500 500 500
成活苗数(尾) 446 436 426 379
成活率(%) 89.2 87.2 85.2 75.8
通过实验数据可以看出,使用本发明的水质改良剂鱼苗的成活率平均为87.2%,比对照组高出11.4%,大大提高了鱼苗的成活率。
前述对本发明的具体示例性实施方案的描述是为了说明和例证的目的。这些描述并非想将本发明限定为所公开的精确形式,并且很显然,根据上述教导,可以进行很多改变和变化。对示例性实施例进行选择和描述的目的在于解释本发明的特定原理及其实际应用,从而使得本领域的技术人员能够实现并利用本发明的各种不同的示例性实施方案以及各种不同的选择和改变。本发明的范围意在由权利要求书及其等同形式所限定。

Claims (6)

1.一种水质改良剂,其特征在于,按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:壳聚糖12-23份、光合细菌1-5份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠9-15份、过硫酸氢钾3-12份、甜菜碱10-21份、纳米银11-22份、质酸铵2-9份、活性炭9-17份和中药9-16份;
所述中药包括以下重量份的中药组分:穿心莲5-15份、延胡索7-18份、黄芪4-17份、板蓝根11-25份、香附子7-14份、桑叶8-26份、艾草7-23份、菟丝子5-15份、金樱子7-18份、五味子2-18份、山茱萸3-17份、鸡血藤8-18份和薄荷7-18份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的水质改良剂,其特征在于,所述按重量份数计,主要由以下原料制成:壳聚糖17份、光合细菌3份、乙二胺四乙酸二钠11份、过硫酸氢钾7份、甜菜碱17份、纳米银18份、质酸铵4份、活性炭11份和中药12份;
所述中药包括以下重量份的中药组分:穿心莲9份、延胡索11份、黄芪11份、板蓝根16份、香附子9份、桑叶14份、艾草16份、菟丝子11份、金樱子12份、五味子9份、山茱萸9份、鸡血藤12份和薄荷11份。
3.一种如权利要求1所述水质改良剂的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)将穿心莲、延胡索、黄芪、板蓝根、香附子、桑叶、艾草、菟丝子、金樱子、五味子、山茱萸、鸡血藤和薄荷粉碎后用水与粉末搅拌均匀,然后烘干,再将中药粉碎;
(2)将步骤(1)制得的中药粉末与壳聚糖、光合细菌、乙二胺四乙酸二钠、过硫酸氢钾、甜菜碱、纳米银、质酸铵、活性炭按配比混合后粉碎。
4.根据权利要求3所述水质改良剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)的粉碎是将中药粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目。
5.根据权利要求3所述水质改良剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(1)的烘干是温度为90~100℃条件下保持1.5~2.5小时,然后降温至室温。
6.根据权利要求3所述水质改良剂的制备方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(2)的粉碎是将中药粉碎得到的物料颗粒粒度为200-250目。
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