CN107090607A - A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers - Google Patents

A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107090607A
CN107090607A CN201710384820.9A CN201710384820A CN107090607A CN 107090607 A CN107090607 A CN 107090607A CN 201710384820 A CN201710384820 A CN 201710384820A CN 107090607 A CN107090607 A CN 107090607A
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pva
preparation
composite fibers
cellulose composite
bath
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CN107090607B (en
Inventor
李昌垒
马君志
颜晶
秦翠梅
吴亚红
王东
刘乐
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Weifang Xinlong Biomaterials Co Ltd
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Constant Day Dragon (weifang) New Material Co Ltd
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/04Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
    • D01F8/10Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one other macromolecular compound obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds as constituent
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/06Wet spinning methods
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/12Stretch-spinning methods
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01FCHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
    • D01F8/00Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
    • D01F8/02Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from cellulose, cellulose derivatives, or proteins
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02JFINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J1/00Modifying the structure or properties resulting from a particular structure; Modifying, retaining, or restoring the physical form or cross-sectional shape, e.g. by use of dies or squeeze rollers
    • D02J1/22Stretching or tensioning, shrinking or relaxing, e.g. by use of overfeed and underfeed apparatus, or preventing stretch
    • D02J1/224Selection or control of the temperature during stretching
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02JFINISHING OR DRESSING OF FILAMENTS, YARNS, THREADS, CORDS, ROPES OR THE LIKE
    • D02J13/00Heating or cooling the yarn, thread, cord, rope, or the like, not specific to any one of the processes provided for in this subclass
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06MTREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/003Treatment with radio-waves or microwaves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Artificial Filaments (AREA)
  • Multicomponent Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers, the preparation method, including the spinning solution preparation process, spinning moulding step, damp and hot stretching step, tow process step, tow drying steps, xeothermic stretching step, heat treatment shaping step, simple cross-linking step.The present invention omits PVA solution precrosslink and further crosslinking bath;PVA/ cellulose composite fibers are prepared, can not only make two kinds of component mutual supplement with each other's advantages, and both blending in structure, dry strong >=2.12cN/dtex of the PVA/ cellulose composite fibers of preparation, wet strong >=1.08cN/dtex can be realized;Composite fibre water resistance prepared by the present invention is high, and textile processibility is good, and hydroscopicity is 7.6~12.0%.

Description

A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/cellulose composite fiber, specifically, it is related to one It is that raw material carries out two-component to plant with cellulose pulp and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)(PVA+ celluloses)The preparation method of composite fibre, Belong to textile technology field.
Background technology
There is two or more immiscible polymer fiber on same fibre section, this fiber claims multiple Condensating fiber, it is the physical modification fiber grown up 1960s.It can obtain simultaneous using composite fibre manufacturing technology There is the bicomponent fibre of two kinds of polymer characteristic.
Cellulosic fibre is mainly viscose rayon, due to good hygroscopicity, comfortable and easy to wear, and spinnability is excellent, is widely used, It is mainly prepared by wet spinning.Polyvinyl is the trade name of vinylon, its performance close to cotton, There is the title of " synthesis cotton ", be the kind of hygroscopicity maximum in existing synthetic fibers.Vinal (PVA fibers) is a kind of Of great value functional differential fibers, its intensity is high, degree of stretching is low, modulus is big, acid and alkali-resistance, weather resisteant and good hygroscopicity, resistance to Burn into, which is not afraid of, damages by worms, and the Exposure to Sunlight of long period is little to its intensity effect.
PVA/ cellulose composite fibers, the characteristics of having viscose rayon and PVA fibers concurrently, are provided newly for the exploitation of composite fibre Idea and method, with preferable development prospect.
Patent CN102851774A disclose it is a kind of improve viscose fiber strength method, this method be using viscose rayon as Matrix, polyvinyl alcohol is reinforcing material, for the purpose of the intensity for improving viscose rayon, but the preparation method is fully according to viscose glue Method preparation technology, exist PVA shaping it is insufficient, spinning speed is slow(Its spinning speed is 10-30m/min), follow-up crosslinking time The problems such as length, low production efficiency, it is unfavorable in industrialization production, and cross-linking process using formaldehyde, adds the harm to human body And environmental pollution.
Patent ZL201310085220.4 discloses a kind of preparation side of PVA composite high-strengths high modulus fibre cellulose fiber Method, this method is to carry out the PVA solution of precrosslink and viscose glue dope blending according to viscose rayon preparation technology, adds crosslinking Number of times(Totally three times), production process is various, and production efficiency is low.
Technical problem present in prior art:
(1)In the prior art in order to increase the intensity and modulus of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers, multiple crosslinking Treatment is typically taken, Precrosslink including PVA solution, the two further cross mouldings of bath of spinning blended liquid, continuation crosslinking bath in post processing etc.;
But PVA solution precrosslink is not easily controlled crosslinking degree, PVA water-soluble decline is caused, and influences follow-up co-blended spinning The strainability of liquid;
The aldehyde materials such as the acetaldehyde that further crosslinking bath is used have larger penetrating odor, cause production environment to deteriorate, dirty Environment is contaminated, and cross-linking effect is not obvious.
(2)Prior art reduces the number of times of crosslinking, and the intensity and modulus of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers can be greatly reduced, and And the water resistance of composite fibre can be reduced.
The content of the invention
The problem to be solved in the present invention is that there is provided a kind of preparation side of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers for deficiency above Method, technique is simple, using cellulose pulp and polyvinyl alcohol as raw material, by adjusting shaping bath composition, makes both while being molded To composite fibre filament.Compound tow carries out tow processing after damp and hot stretching, then through xeothermic stretching and heat treatment shaping, After simple crosslinking, then through processes such as supercooling, cut-outs, composite cellulose fiber is made.
The present invention goal of the invention be:
(1)A kind of preparation method of new PVA/ cellulose composite fibers is provided, the art of this patent is in viscose rayon and polyvinyl Innovated on the basis of the moulding process of fiber, achieve preferable effect.
(2)For prior art, PVA solution precrosslink and further crosslinking bath are omitted, in the situation of crosslinking number of times reduction Under, the intensity and wet modulus of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers are not varied widely, and are improved water resistance, are improved simultaneously Follow-up spinning effect and working environment, improve spinning efficiency, and assign fiber preferable performance.
To solve above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers, including it is the spinning solution preparation process, spinning moulding step, wet Hot-stretch step, tow process step, tow drying steps, xeothermic stretching step, heat treatment shaping step, simple crosslinking step Suddenly.
The following is the further improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal:
The spinning solution preparation process:It is 500~3000 by average degree of polymerization(Preferably the degree of polymerization is 1500~2500)'s It is 10%~20% that polyvinyl alcohol dissolving, which prepares mass fraction,(Preferably mass fraction is 14%~18%)Polyvinyl alcohol(PVA)It is molten Liquid;The PVA solution of preparation is added in the viscose glue stoste prepared by viscose process, spinning solution is obtained;The spinning solution Middle PVA:The weight ratio of alpha cellulose is 10~90 in viscose glue stoste:90~10;Preferably 10-40:60-90.
The spinning moulding step:The spinning solution carries out spinning by coagulating bath after adjustment, the coagulating bath by 50~80g/L(It is preferred that 60~70g/L)Sulfuric acid, 1.0~10.0g/L(It is preferred that 2.0~7.0g/L)Zinc sulfate, 380~ 415g/L(It is preferred that 400~410g/L)Sodium sulphate composition, solidification bath concentration drop be 5.0~10.0g/L, coagulation bath temperature For 42~48 DEG C, spinneret draft -15%~10%(It is preferred that -15%~0%), residence time of the strand in coagulating bath be 10~ 15s;Spinning speed is 35-45m/s.
The drop of solidification bath concentration refers to the reduction of sulfuric acid concentration in shaping bath.
The damp and hot stretching step:The damp and hot drafting forming and drawing-off ratio include:Damp and hot stretching body lotion is by sulfuric acid 360~370g/L of sodium, 5~10g/L of sulfuric acid constitute, 90~95 DEG C of temperature, processing time of the tow in body lotion be 2.0~ 3.0s, the damp and hot drafting multiple to fibre bundle is 30%~80%;
The tow process step:Washing process, 40~42 DEG C of water temperature;Desulfurization and alkali neutralisation treatment, 40~42 DEG C of temperature, hydrogen-oxygen Change the concentration of sodium or sodium sulfite:4.0~6.0g/L;Oil bath concentration:4.0~7.0g/L;Bleaching levels:Hydrogen peroxide 0.5~ 2.0 g/L.By the progress of the process, the processing to cellulosic component in composite fibre is realized, it is therefore prevented that subsequent handling pair The destruction of cellulosic component, beneficial to the progress of subsequent handling;
The tow drying steps:Using hot blast as thermal source, 120~170 DEG C of temperature, tow contains into moisture during next step Amount is 0.5~5.0%;
The present invention is that desulfurization bath, oil bath, drying and processing are carried out to fibre bundle, and prior art is usually that fiber after cut-out is carried out Above-mentioned processing.
The xeothermic stretching step:Air bath, 200~210 DEG C of temperature, 70~90s of time, draw ratio 50%~80%;
The heat treatment shaping step:Quickly cooled down after air bath, 230~240 DEG C of temperature, 30~60s of time, heat treatment shaping To 40-50 DEG C, macromolecular is fixed, keep thermal effectiveness;
The simple cross-linking step:The crosslinking bath is made up of or spoke at least one of 40~80g/L glyoxals or glutaraldehyde Crosslinking is penetrated, crosslinking time is about 5~15min.Fibre bundle after simple crosslinking is through being cut to required length and by oiling, oil Bath concentration:4.0~7.0g/L, obtains final products.
PVA/ cellulose composite fibers prepared by the present invention, specification is(1.33~3.33)dtex*(38~51)Mm, does strong For 2.12~2.58cN/dtex, wet is 1.08~1.56cN/dtex by force, and wet modulus is 0.31-0.51 cN/dtex, hydroscopicity For 7.6~12.0%, 10~20 DEG C of water resistance raising.
Present invention omits PVA solution precrosslink and further crosslinking bath, increase damp and hot stretching step, xeothermic stretching step Suddenly, heat treatment shaping step and simple cross-linking step are combined, and tow process step is replaced to fiber treatment after cut-out Step so that the PVA/ cellulose composite fibers of preparation, while the intensity of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers is ensured, improves multiple The water resistance of condensating fiber.
The present invention uses above-mentioned technical proposal, compared with prior art, with following technique effect:
(1)The present invention omits PVA solution precrosslink and further crosslinking bath;PVA/ cellulose composite fibers are prepared, not only may be used So that two kinds of components have complementary advantages, and both blending in structure, the PVA/ cellulose composite fibers of preparation can be realized Dry strong >=2.12cN/dtex, wet strong >=1.08cN/dtex, wet modulus >=0.31cN/dtex.
(2)Composite fibre water resistance prepared by the present invention is high, and relative to existing patented technology, water resistance improves 10~20 DEG C, textile processibility is good, and hydroscopicity is 7.6~12.0%, and the present invention passes through the processes pair such as the xeothermic stretching of tow, heat treatment shaping PVA carries out water resistance processing, then carries out PVA crosslinkings, further increases the water resistance of composite fibre.Meanwhile, preparation is answered Condensating fiber, acid and alkali-resistance, weather resisteant are good, corrosion-resistant, be not afraid of and damage by worms, and the Exposure to Sunlight of long period is little to its intensity effect.
(3)A kind of preparation method of new PVA/ cellulose composite fibers is provided, the art of this patent be in viscose rayon and Innovated on the basis of the moulding process of vinylon fibre, achieve preferable effect.For prior art, PVA solution is omitted Precrosslink and further crosslinking bath, in the case where not making PVA/ cellulose composite fiber intensity, improve follow-up spinning effect And working environment, improve spinning efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1, PVA/ cellulose composite fibers preparation technology flow chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated below, it will be appreciated that preferred embodiment described herein is only used In the description and interpretation present invention, it is not intended to limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1:A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers
Specification is as shown in Figure 1 for the specific preparation flow of 1.33dtex*38mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers.
Comprise the following steps:
(1)Spinning solution preparation process:
The polyvinyl alcohol dissolving for being 500 by average degree of polymerization prepares the polyvinyl alcohol that mass fraction is 20%(PVA)Solution;Will system Standby PVA solution is added in the viscose glue stoste prepared by viscose process, obtains spinning solution;PVA in spinning solution:Viscose glue is former The weight ratio of alpha cellulose is 10 in liquid:90.
(2)Spinning moulding step
Spinning solution carries out spinning by coagulating bath after adjustment, and coagulating bath is by 80g/L sulfuric acid, 10.0g/L zinc sulfate, 380g/L sodium sulphate composition, the drop of solidification bath concentration is 10.0g/L, and coagulation bath temperature is 42 DEG C, spinneret draft 20%, Residence time of the strand in coagulating bath is 10s, and spinning speed is 45m/s.
(3)Damp and hot stretching step
Damp and hot stretching body lotion is made up of sodium sulphate 360g/L, sulfuric acid 10.0g/L, 90 DEG C of temperature, processing of the tow in body lotion Time is 2.0s, and damp and hot drafting multiple is 30%.
(4)Tow process step
Washing process, 40 DEG C of water temperature;Desulfurization and alkali neutralisation treatment, 40 DEG C of temperature, naoh concentration:6.0g/L;Oil bath concentration: 4.0g/L;Bleaching levels 2.0g/L;By the progress of the process, the processing to cellulosic component in composite fibre is realized, is prevented Destruction of the subsequent handling to cellulosic component is stopped, beneficial to the progress of subsequent handling.
(5)Tow drying steps
Using hot blast as thermal source, 120 DEG C of temperature, moisture is 5.0% when tow enters next step.
(6)Xeothermic stretching step
Air bath, 200 DEG C of temperature, time 90s, draw ratio 80%.
(7)Heat treatment shaping step
40 DEG C are quickly cooled to after air bath, 230 DEG C of temperature, time 50s, heat treatment shaping, macromolecular is fixed, kept at heat Manage effect.
(8)Simple cross-linking step
The crosslinking bath is made up of 40g/L glyoxals, and crosslinking time is about 15min.
The specification prepared by above-mentioned technique is the dry strong of 1.33dtex*38mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers 2.12cN/dtex, wet strong 1.08cN/dtex, wet modulus 0.31cN/dtex, water resistance improve 10 DEG C, and textile processibility is good, inhale Wet rate is 12.0%, acid and alkali-resistance, weather resisteant and good hygroscopicity, corrosion-resistant, be not afraid of and damage by worms.
Embodiment 2:A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers
Specification is as shown in Figure 1 for the specific preparation flow of 1.56dtex*38mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers.
Comprise the following steps:
(1)Spinning solution preparation process
The polyvinyl alcohol dissolving for being 1000 by average degree of polymerization prepares the polyvinyl alcohol that mass fraction is 18%(PVA)Solution;Will system Standby PVA solution is added in the viscose glue stoste prepared by viscose process, obtains spinning solution;PVA in spinning solution:Viscose glue is former The weight ratio of alpha cellulose is 20 in liquid:80.
(2)Spinning moulding step
Spinning solution carries out spinning by coagulating bath after adjustment, and coagulating bath is by 75 g/L sulfuric acid, 7.6g/L zinc sulfate, 392g/L sodium sulphate composition, the drop of solidification bath concentration is 8.8g/L, and coagulation bath temperature is 44 DEG C, spinneret draft 12%, silk Residence time of the bar in coagulating bath is 12s, and spinning speed is 42m/s.
(3)Damp and hot stretching step
The damp and hot drafting forming and drawing-off ratio include:Damp and hot stretching body lotion is by sodium sulphate 362g/L, sulfuric acid 9.1g/L groups Into 91 DEG C of temperature, processing time of the tow in body lotion is 2.2s, and damp and hot drafting multiple is 39%.
(4)Tow process step
Washing process, 41 DEG C of water temperature;Desulfurization and alkali neutralisation treatment, 41 DEG C of temperature, concentration of sodium sulfite:5.2g/L;Oil bath concentration: 4.6g/L;Bleaching levels 1.8g/L;By the progress of the process, the processing to cellulosic component in composite fibre is realized, is prevented Destruction of the subsequent handling to cellulosic component is stopped, beneficial to the progress of subsequent handling.
(5)Tow drying steps
Using hot blast as thermal source, 135 DEG C of temperature, moisture is 4.1% when tow enters next step.
(6)Xeothermic stretching step
Air bath, 205 DEG C of temperature, time 82s, draw ratio 72%.
(7)Heat treatment shaping step
42 DEG C are quickly cooled to after air bath, 233 DEG C of temperature, time 45s, heat treatment shaping, macromolecular is fixed, kept at heat Manage effect.
(8)Simple cross-linking step
The crosslinking bath is made up of 48g/L glutaraldehydes, and crosslinking time is about 12min.
The specification prepared by above-mentioned technique is the dry strong by 2.25 of 1.56dtex*38mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers CN/dtex, wet strong 1.25cN/dtex, wet modulus 0.35cN/dtex, water resistance improve 13 DEG C, and textile processibility is good, hydroscopicity In 11.2 %, acid and alkali-resistance, weather resisteant and good hygroscopicity are corrosion-resistant, be not afraid of and damage by worms.
Embodiment 3:A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers
Specification is as shown in Figure 1 for the specific preparation flow of 1.67dtex*38mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers.
Comprise the following steps:
(1)Spinning solution preparation process
The polyvinyl alcohol dissolving for being 1700 by average degree of polymerization prepares the polyvinyl alcohol that mass fraction is 15%(PVA)Solution;Will system Standby PVA solution is added in the viscose glue stoste prepared by viscose process, obtains spinning solution;PVA in spinning solution:Viscose glue is former The weight ratio of alpha cellulose is 25 in liquid:75.
(2)Spinning moulding step
Spinning solution carries out spinning by coagulating bath after adjustment, and coagulating bath is by 68g/L sulfuric acid, 6.5g/L zinc sulfate, 398g/L sodium sulphate composition, the drop of solidification bath concentration is 7.6g/L, and coagulation bath temperature is 45 DEG C, spinneret draft 5.6 %, residence time of the strand in coagulating bath is 13s, and spinning speed is 40m/s.
(3)Damp and hot stretching step
The damp and hot drafting forming and drawing-off ratio include:Damp and hot stretching body lotion is by the g/L of sodium sulphate 365, sulfuric acid 8.3g/L groups Into 92 DEG C of temperature, processing time of the tow in body lotion is 2.5s, and damp and hot drafting multiple is 45%.
(4)Tow process step
Washing process, 42 DEG C of water temperature;Desulfurization and alkali neutralisation treatment, 42 DEG C of temperature, concentration of sodium sulfite:4.8g/L;Oil bath concentration: 5.2g/L;Bleaching levels 1.5g/L;By the progress of the process, the processing to cellulosic component in composite fibre is realized, is prevented Destruction of the subsequent handling to cellulosic component is stopped, beneficial to the progress of subsequent handling.
(5)Tow drying steps
Using hot blast as thermal source, 152 DEG C of temperature, moisture is 3.5% when tow enters next step.
(6)Xeothermic stretching step
Air bath, 206 DEG C of temperature, time 77s, draw ratio 65%.
(7)Heat treatment shaping step
44 DEG C are quickly cooled to after air bath, 235 DEG C of temperature, time 41s, heat treatment shaping, macromolecular is fixed, kept at heat Manage effect.
(8)Simple cross-linking step
The crosslinking bath is made up of 55g/L glyoxal he 22g/L glutaraldehydes, and crosslinking time is about 10min.
The specification prepared by above-mentioned technique is the dry strong by 2.39 of 1.67dtex*38mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers CN/dtex, wet strong 1.41cN/dtex, wet modulus 0.41cN/dtex, water resistance improve 15 DEG C, and textile processibility is good, hydroscopicity 10.5%, acid and alkali-resistance, weather resisteant and good hygroscopicity are corrosion-resistant, be not afraid of and damage by worms.
Embodiment 4:A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers
Specification is as shown in Figure 1 for the specific preparation flow of 2.22 dtex*51mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers.
Comprise the following steps:
(1)Spinning solution preparation process
The polyvinyl alcohol dissolving for being 2500 by average degree of polymerization prepares the polyvinyl alcohol that mass fraction is 12%(PVA)Solution;Will system Standby PVA solution is added in the viscose glue stoste prepared by viscose process, obtains spinning solution;PVA in spinning solution:Viscose glue is former The weight ratio of alpha cellulose is 32 in liquid:68.
(2)Spinning moulding step
Spinning solution carries out spinning by coagulating bath after adjustment, and coagulating bath is by 57 g/L sulfuric acid, 3.2g/L zinc sulfate, 406g/L sodium sulphate composition, the drop of solidification bath concentration is 6.2g/L, and coagulation bath temperature is 46 DEG C, the % of spinneret draft 0, Residence time of the strand in coagulating bath is 14s, and spinning speed is 38m/s.
(3)Damp and hot stretching step
The damp and hot drafting forming and drawing-off ratio include:Damp and hot stretching body lotion is by the g/L of sodium sulphate 368, sulfuric acid 6.8g/L groups Into 93 DEG C of temperature, processing time of the tow in body lotion is 2.7s, and damp and hot drafting multiple is 68%.
(4)Tow process step
Washing process, 41 DEG C of water temperature;Desulfurization and alkali neutralisation treatment, 41 DEG C of temperature, naoh concentration:4.4g/L;Oil bath concentration: 6.3g/L;Bleaching levels 0.9g/L;By the progress of the process, the processing to cellulosic component in composite fibre is realized, is prevented Destruction of the subsequent handling to cellulosic component is stopped, beneficial to the progress of subsequent handling.
(5)Tow drying steps
Using hot blast as thermal source, 163 DEG C of temperature, moisture is 1.9% when tow enters next step.
(6)Xeothermic stretching step
Air bath, 208 DEG C of temperature, time 74s, draw ratio 56%.
(7)Heat treatment shaping step
47 DEG C are quickly cooled to after air bath, 237 DEG C of temperature, time 35s, heat treatment shaping, macromolecular is fixed, kept at heat Manage effect.
(8)Simple cross-linking step
Crosslinking with radiation, crosslinking time is about 8min.
The specification prepared by above-mentioned technique is the dry strong by 2.43 of 2.22dtex*38mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers CN/dtex, wet strong 1.46cN/dtex, wet modulus 0.44cN/dtex, water resistance improve 18 DEG C, and textile processibility is good, hydroscopicity 8.8%, acid and alkali-resistance, weather resisteant and good hygroscopicity are corrosion-resistant, be not afraid of and damage by worms.
Embodiment 5:A kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers
Specification is as shown in Figure 1 for the specific preparation flow of 3.33 dtex*51mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers.
Comprise the following steps:
(1)Spinning solution preparation process:
The polyvinyl alcohol dissolving for being 3000 by average degree of polymerization prepares the polyvinyl alcohol that mass fraction is 10%(PVA)Solution;Will system Standby PVA solution is added in the viscose glue stoste prepared by viscose process, obtains spinning solution;PVA in spinning solution:Viscose glue is former The weight ratio of alpha cellulose is 40 in liquid:60.
(2)Spinning moulding step:
Spinning solution carries out spinning by coagulating bath after adjustment, and coagulating bath is by 50g/L sulfuric acid, 1.0g/L zinc sulfate, 415g/L sodium sulphate composition, the drop of solidification bath concentration is 5.0g/L, and coagulation bath temperature is 48 DEG C, spinneret draft -15%, Residence time of the strand in coagulating bath is 15s, and spinning speed is 35m/s.
(3)Damp and hot stretching step
The damp and hot drafting forming and drawing-off ratio include:Damp and hot stretching body lotion is by sodium sulphate 370g/L, sulfuric acid 5.0g/L groups Into 95 DEG C of temperature, processing time of the tow in body lotion is 3.0s, and damp and hot drafting multiple is 80%.
(4)Tow process step
Washing process, 40 DEG C of water temperature;Desulfurization and alkali neutralisation treatment, 42 DEG C of temperature, concentration of sodium sulfite:4.0g/L;Oil bath concentration: 7.0g/L;Bleaching levels 0.5g/L;By the progress of the process, the processing to cellulosic component in composite fibre is realized, is prevented Destruction of the subsequent handling to cellulosic component is stopped, beneficial to the progress of subsequent handling.
(5)Tow drying steps
Using hot blast as thermal source, 170 DEG C of temperature, moisture is 0.5% when tow enters next step.
(6)Xeothermic stretching step
Air bath, 210 DEG C of temperature, time 70s, draw ratio 50%.
(7)Heat treatment shaping step
40 DEG C are quickly cooled to after air bath, 240 DEG C of temperature, time 30s, heat treatment shaping, macromolecular is fixed, kept at heat Manage effect.
(8)Simple cross-linking step
The crosslinking bath is made up of 80g/L glutaraldehydes, and crosslinking time is about 5min.
The specification prepared by above-mentioned technique is the dry strong by 2.58 of 3.33dtex*51mm PVA/ cellulose composite fibers CN/dtex, wet strong 1.56cN/dtex, wet modulus 0.51cN/dtex, water resistance improve 20 DEG C, and textile processibility is good, hydroscopicity 7.6%, acid and alkali-resistance, weather resisteant and good hygroscopicity are corrosion-resistant, be not afraid of and damage by worms.
The drop of heretofore described solidification bath concentration refers to the reduction of sulfuric acid concentration in shaping bath.
Unless specifically indicated, ratio of the present invention, is mass ratio, and the percentage is mass percent.
Finally it should be noted that:The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, are not intended to limit the invention, Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it still may be used To be modified to the technical scheme described in foregoing embodiments, within the spirit and principles of the invention, that is made appoints What modification, equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers, it is characterised in that:The preparation method, including the spinning are former Liquid preparation process, spinning moulding step, damp and hot stretching step, tow process step, tow drying steps, xeothermic stretching step, Heat treatment shaping step, simple cross-linking step.
2. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The damp and hot stretching step, damp and hot stretching body lotion is made up of 360~370g/L of sodium sulphate, 5~10g/L of sulfuric acid, temperature 90~95 DEG C, processing time of the tow in body lotion is 2.0~3.0s, and damp and hot drafting multiple is 30%~80%.
3. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The xeothermic stretching step:Air bath, 200~210 DEG C of temperature, 70~90s of time, draw ratio 50%~80%.
4. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The heat treatment shaping step:Quickly cooled down after air bath, 230~240 DEG C of temperature, 30~60s of time, heat treatment shaping To 40-50 DEG C.
5. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The tow process step:Washing process, 40~42 DEG C of water temperature;Then desulfurization and alkali neutralisation treatment, 40~42 DEG C of temperature, The concentration of sodium hydroxide or sodium sulfite:4.0~6.0g/L;Then oil bath processing, oil bath concentration are carried out:4.0~7.0g/L; Bleaching levels:The g/L of hydrogen peroxide 0.5~2.0.
6. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The tow Drying steps:Using hot blast as thermal source, 120~170 DEG C of temperature is dried to tow moisture 0.5~5.0%.
7. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The spinning solution preparation process:The polyvinyl alcohol dissolving for being 500~3000 by average degree of polymerization prepares mass fraction and is 10%~20% poly-vinyl alcohol solution;The poly-vinyl alcohol solution of preparation is added in the viscose glue stoste prepared by viscose process, Prepare spinning solution;PVA in the spinning solution:The weight ratio of alpha cellulose is 10~90 in viscose glue stoste:90~10.
8. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The spinning moulding step:Coagulating bath is by 50~80g/L sulfuric acid, 1.0~10.0g/L zinc sulfate, 380~415g/L Sodium sulphate composition, solidification bath concentration drop be 5.0~10.0g/L, coagulation bath temperature be 42~48 DEG C, spinneret draft- 15%~10%, residence time of the strand in coagulating bath is 10~15s.
9. a kind of preparation method of PVA/ cellulose composite fibers according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The simple cross-linking step:Crosslinking bath constitutes or radiated friendship by least one of 40~80g/L glyoxals or glutaraldehyde Connection, crosslinking time is about 5~15min.
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CN107604454A (en) * 2017-09-21 2018-01-19 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 A kind of environment-protecting clean preparation method of textile dedicated fiber cellulose fiber
CN107892768A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-04-10 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 A kind of high voltage direct current cable physical crosslinking type insulating materials and preparation method
CN108708224A (en) * 2018-05-18 2018-10-26 山东恒联新材料股份有限公司 A kind of production technology of paper substrate viscose glue composite material
CN109402774A (en) * 2018-11-02 2019-03-01 恒天海龙(潍坊)新材料有限责任公司 A kind of anti-fibrillated cellulose fibers and preparation method thereof
CN109664639A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-04-23 温州大学 A kind of blended structure environmental protection macromolecule nib manufacturing process

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CN107604454A (en) * 2017-09-21 2018-01-19 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 A kind of environment-protecting clean preparation method of textile dedicated fiber cellulose fiber
CN107892768A (en) * 2017-12-27 2018-04-10 成都新柯力化工科技有限公司 A kind of high voltage direct current cable physical crosslinking type insulating materials and preparation method
CN107892768B (en) * 2017-12-27 2020-10-16 上海凯波特种电缆料厂有限公司 Physical crosslinking insulating material for high-voltage direct-current cable and preparation method thereof
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CN109664639A (en) * 2018-11-28 2019-04-23 温州大学 A kind of blended structure environmental protection macromolecule nib manufacturing process

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