CN107084889B - Loaded coal rock mass thermo-fluid-solid coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method - Google Patents
Loaded coal rock mass thermo-fluid-solid coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107084889B CN107084889B CN201710275121.0A CN201710275121A CN107084889B CN 107084889 B CN107084889 B CN 107084889B CN 201710275121 A CN201710275121 A CN 201710275121A CN 107084889 B CN107084889 B CN 107084889B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/18—Performing tests at high or low temperatures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/0222—Temperature
- G01N2203/0226—High temperature; Heating means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a loaded coal rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic-solid coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method, which is carried out based on a thermo-hydrodynamic-solid coupling triaxial test system for dynamically observing by applying medical CT, wherein the test system is provided with a triaxial test unit, a medical CT unit and a loading unit, and the method comprises the following steps: sample and facility preparation: manufacturing a rock sample and turning the test unit to a vertical state; and (3) mounting a test piece: opening the triaxial pressure chamber to install a rock sample and recovering the sealing state of the pressure chamber; the test unit is in place: turning the test unit to be in a horizontal state and pushing the test unit to a medical CT unit; loading and scanning: scanning by utilizing a CT scanner in the loading process; unloading and disassembling: and opening the pressure chamber in a vertical state, and removing the rock sample. The invention has the advantages that the triaxial test unit can be pushed in and pulled out of the CT scanner in a push-pull mode without lifting by lifting equipment, the assembly and disassembly of the test piece are completed on the loading unit, the rock sample is convenient to assemble and disassemble, the operation is simple and convenient, and the safety is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a loaded coal-rock mass thermo-hydro-solid coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method.
Background
With the advance of urbanization construction, the infrastructure is continuously perfected, and the construction process is continuously improved. The demand for the triaxial tester is not limited to material engineering, and the triaxial tester is widely applied to the fields of geotechnical engineering, building materials, geological disaster research and application and the like. Particularly in the field of rock mechanics, the research on the deformation and seepage characteristics of rocks under the action of stress is one of the main directions in the field of rock mechanics, a conventional triaxial tester is one of the most common instruments in the field of testing rock mechanics, and then, after being modified by students, a triaxial test under the condition of thermo-fluid-solid coupling can be completed. However, since the loading chamber is subjected to a high-strength load, it is difficult to make the chamber transparent. Therefore, the visualization problem of the deformation of the sample in the test process always troubles the majority of researchers.
CT technology has been widely used in medical diagnosis and industrial nondestructive testing, and researchers have begun to apply CT to rock mechanics, but the CT penetration performance and the absorption of radiation by the cavity are limited. At present, a good matching structure is difficult to form between a medical CT and a triaxial loading chamber, particularly loading and unloading triaxial loading cavities on a CT machine before and after scanning and loading of rock samples are very complicated in process, the triaxial chamber needs to be lifted and assembled and disassembled by lifting equipment such as a crane, and the process is not only complicated in operation, but also has high danger. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a sample loading method with simple operation and good safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a loaded coal rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic-solid coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method. And after the test is finished, the triaxial test unit can be disassembled in a vertical state according to the opposite steps, and other hoisting equipment is not required to be equipped for hoisting the triaxial test unit. The operation is convenient and the safety is good.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A loaded coal rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method is characterized in that the method is carried out based on a loading unit in a thermo-hydrodynamic coupling triaxial test system for dynamically observing by applying medical CT, the loading unit carries out rock sample assembly and disassembly of the triaxial test unit through a loading table and a loading table, the triaxial test unit respectively forms a horizontal state and a vertical state through the loading table hinged on the loading unit, and the triaxial test unit can horizontally move on the loading table; the method comprises the following steps:
first, specimen and facility preparation: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a rock sample according to test requirements; turning over the triaxial test unit to a vertical state along with the loading platform;
step two, test piece installation: after a test piece mounting unit of the triaxial test unit is supported by a piece mounting table on the loading unit, opening a triaxial pressure chamber of the triaxial test unit, lifting the height of the triaxial pressure chamber to enable the test piece mounting unit to expose a pressure cavity of the triaxial pressure chamber, and mounting a rock sample on the test piece mounting unit; resetting the test piece mounting unit and enabling the triaxial pressure chamber to form a sealing state;
thirdly, preparing the test unit in place: and turning the triaxial test unit to be in a horizontal state, and releasing the locking state of the mobile driving device and the triaxial test unit.
According to the invention adopting the technical scheme, the loading unit of the test system enables the triaxial test unit to be in a vertical state for test piece installation, and after the test piece is installed, the loading unit is turned to be in a horizontal state, so that the triaxial test unit is pushed into the CT unit through the bridge type rail arranged between the loading unit and the medical CT unit for loading and scanning. And after the test is finished, the triaxial test unit can be detached in a vertical state according to the opposite steps, other hoisting equipment is not needed to hoist the triaxial test unit into the medical CT unit, and the operation is convenient and the safety is good.
Preferably, in the first step, after the triaxial test unit is turned to be in a vertical state, the loading table is locked, and the triaxial test unit is lowered through a moving driving device between the loading table and the triaxial test unit; and the triaxial test unit and the assembling table form a coaxial line state through a positioning disc on the triaxial test unit. The lifting is realized by utilizing the mobile driving device between the loading platform and the triaxial test unit, the operation is simple and convenient, and the labor intensity is low; the triaxial test unit and the fitting table form a coaxial line, so that bolts for sealing and resetting a triaxial pressure chamber in the triaxial test unit are aligned conveniently, and the return assembly efficiency is improved.
Further preferably, the three-axis pressure chamber lifting in the second step is performed by a movement driving device. The lifting is realized by utilizing the moving driving device between the loading platform and the triaxial test unit, the operation is simple and convenient, and the labor intensity is low.
Still further preferably, before the triaxial test unit is turned over to the vertical state, the method comprises the steps of locking the mobile driving device and the triaxial test unit; the locking state between the moving driving device and the triaxial test unit is released between the steps of turning the triaxial test unit to be in a horizontal state and pushing the triaxial test unit to the movable bracket of the CT hospital bed. The triaxial test unit can be reliably driven to move by the movement driving device, and can be pushed to move out of the loading platform manually in a horizontal state.
Preferably, when the test piece of second step is installed, with the pyrocondensation pipe cover that grows out rock sample length one section distance in rock sample periphery, place rock sample well between honeycomb holes fixed pressure head and honeycomb holes activity pressure head, simultaneously, the pyrocondensation pipe grows out the both ends of rock sample and wraps respectively in fixed pressure head main part and activity pressure head main part periphery, its part of growing out surpasss the annular groove that is used for tying up the iron wire in fixed pressure head main part and the activity pressure head main part respectively, heat the pyrocondensation pipe with the hot-blast rifle uniform heating, make pyrocondensation pipe and rock sample closely laminate, tie up the iron wire in the annular groove of pyrocondensation pipe and fixed pressure head main part and activity pressure head main part connecting portion, and utilize the iron wire to hoop tightly sealed, ensure that the loaded high-pressure hydraulic oil of confined pressure can not. The accuracy of the test result is ensured.
Preferably, in the resetting process of the test piece mounting unit after the test piece is mounted in the second step, the mounting table is pulled through the handle to enable the lower chassis to synchronously rotate along with the mounting table, so that the connecting bolt holes are aligned with the screw holes formed in the lower chassis, and then the lower chassis is fixedly connected with the pressure cavity through screwing the bolts, so that the triaxial pressure chamber is in a sealed state. The return assembly efficiency of the triaxial pressure chamber is improved.
The invention has the advantages that the triaxial test unit can be pushed in and pulled out of the CT scanner in a push-pull mode without lifting by lifting equipment, the assembly and disassembly of the test piece are completed on the loading unit, the rock sample is convenient to assemble and disassemble, the operation is simple and convenient, and the safety is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the fitting method of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, wherein the triaxial test cell is in a horizontal state.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention, wherein the triaxial test cell is in a vertical position.
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection relationship between the mounting base plate and the mobile driving device in the device for implementing the method of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the loading station in the apparatus for carrying out the method of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a triaxial test cell in an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a part of the structure of a triaxial test cell in an apparatus for carrying out the method of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a testing system composed of a device and a CT scanning unit for implementing the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings, but the invention is not limited thereby within the scope of the embodiments described.
Referring to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, a loaded coal rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method is applied to a loaded coal rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic coupling CT triaxial test performed by a thermo-hydrodynamic coupling triaxial test system for performing dynamic observation based on medical CT, the test system is provided with a triaxial test unit 100, a medical CT unit 200 and a loading unit 300, the triaxial test unit 100 performs rock sample assembly and disassembly through the loading unit 300, the triaxial test unit 100 can be in a horizontal state and a vertical state through a loading table 310a hinged on the loading unit 300, the triaxial test unit 100 can be horizontally moved from the loading table 310a to the medical CT unit 200 to perform CT scanning on a rock sample through the medical CT unit 200, and the loaded coal rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic coupling CT triaxial test comprises the following steps:
first, specimen and facility preparation: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a rock sample 133 according to test requirements; after the mobile driving device and the triaxial test unit 100 form a locking state, turning the triaxial test unit 100 to a vertical state along with the loading platform 310 a; the loading table 310a and the rack 320 are locked by a vertical limit locking structure, the triaxial test unit 100 descends along with the sliding table by moving the driving device until the triaxial test unit 100 is supported on the fitting table 330, and a coaxial state of the triaxial test unit 100 and the fitting table 330 is formed by the positioning disc 130.
Step two, test piece installation:
first small step, open the triaxial cell: after the test piece mounting unit of the triaxial test unit 100 is supported by the piece mounting table 330 on the loading unit 300, the connection between the pressure cavity 120 and the lower chassis 129 is loosened and removed, the triaxial pressure chamber is opened, and the pressure cavity 120 is lifted along with the sliding table and separated from the lower chassis 129 by moving the driving device until the lower end face of the upper wire coil heater 138 is exposed out of the pressure cavity 120;
and a second step, assembling the test piece: sleeving a heat-shrinkable tube which is longer than the rock sample 133 by a certain distance on the periphery of the rock sample 133, aligning the rock sample 133 and placing the rock sample between a honeycomb hole fixed pressure head 132 and a honeycomb hole movable pressure head 135, meanwhile, covering two end parts of the heat-shrinkable tube, which are longer than the rock sample 133, on the peripheries of a fixed pressure head main body 131 and a movable pressure head main body 134 respectively, wherein the longer parts of the heat-shrinkable tube exceed annular grooves which are used for binding iron wires 136 on the fixed pressure head main body 131 and the movable pressure head main body 134 respectively, uniformly heating the heat-shrinkable tube by using a hot air gun to enable the heat-shrinkable tube to be tightly attached to the rock sample 133, binding the iron wires 136 in the annular grooves at the connecting parts of the heat-shrinkable tube, the fixed pressure head main body 131 and the movable pressure head main body 134, and tightly;
the third step, reset the test piece installation unit: after the test piece is installed, the pressure cavity 120 is lowered along with the sliding table to be attached to the lower base plate 129 by using the mobile driving device, bolts or bolts penetrate through at least two connecting bolt holes of the connecting flange 120b on the pressure cavity 120 before attachment, and after the connecting bolt holes are aligned with the axes of the bolt holes arranged on the lower base plate 129, the lower base plate 129 and the pressure cavity 120 are fixedly connected together by screwing the bolts; thereby forming a sealed state of the triaxial cell. If not, the workpiece mounting table 330 is pulled by the handle to enable the lower chassis 129 to synchronously rotate along with the workpiece mounting table 330 until the two are aligned.
Thirdly, the test unit is in place:
first step, test unit preparation: confirming that the vertical limiting locking structure is in an unlocking state, and otherwise, unlocking firstly; rotating the triaxial test unit 100 to a horizontal state along with the loading platform 310a by using an overturning driving device;
and (5) a second step, mounting a bridge track: manually adjusting the height of the CT bed to be adapted to the height of a loading table 310a in the loading unit 300, then adjusting the position of a movable bracket of the CT bed to enable the distance between the movable bracket and the loading unit 300 to be matched with the length of the first extension rail 302, and fixing the first extension rail 302 through mounting screws at two ends to form a bridge rail;
and thirdly, positioning the test unit: the limit stop iron 305 on the loading unit 300 is disassembled, the locking block or the locking bolt 112 is disassembled to release the locking state of the mobile driving device and the triaxial test unit 100, the triaxial test unit 100 is pushed to enter the movable bracket of the CT bed, and the limit stop iron 305 is installed at the two ends of the second extension track 303;
fourthly, returning the CT sickbed: the first extension rail 302 is disassembled, and the bracket of the CT sickbed is reset;
and fourthly, loading and scanning.
First substep, test cell scan preparation: the position of the CT bed is adjusted, so that the pressure cavity 120 of the triaxial test unit 100 is in a scanning area of the CT machine in a suspension manner, that is, the second extension track 303 is located outside the scanning area;
the second step, scout scan: automatically adjusting the position of the sickbed by utilizing a built-in positioning program of the CT machine to enable the rock sample 133 to be completely positioned in a scanning area;
and thirdly, pre-pressing the test piece: pre-contacting the rock sample 133 according to the operation specification of the triaxial test unit 100, and maintaining the contact pressure of about 0.2kN after the contact is completed;
the fourth step, test scan: heating and loading according to the test scheme and the operation specification of the triaxial test unit 100, and scanning by using a CT (computed tomography) scanner in the loading process;
fifthly, unloading and disassembling:
the first step, the test unit returns: after the test is finished, firstly, unloading the axial pressure, the confining pressure and the hot fluid; secondly, adjusting the height of the bracket of the CT hospital bed to be matched with the height of a loading platform 310a in a loading unit 300, installing a first extension rail 302, removing two ends of a second extension rail 303 to install limit stop irons 305, pushing the triaxial test unit 100 onto the loading platform 310a in the loading unit 300, installing the limit stop irons 305 on the loading unit 300, installing locking blocks or locking bolts 112 on the triaxial test unit 100 and a mobile driving device to form a locking connection state, and removing the first extension rail 302;
a second step, unloading: rotating the triaxial test unit 100 to a vertical state by using an overturning driving device, and discharging confining pressure oil in the triaxial pressure cavity 120;
thirdly, disassembling the test piece: after the test piece mounting unit of the triaxial test unit 100 is supported by the test piece table 330, the triaxial pressure chamber of the triaxial test unit 100 is opened, the triaxial pressure chamber is lifted, the test piece mounting unit is exposed out of the pressure cavity 120 of the triaxial pressure chamber, and the rock sample 133 is detached from the test piece mounting unit.
Referring to fig. 2 to 8 again, the thermal-fluid-solid coupling triaxial test system applied to the loaded coal-rock-mass thermal-fluid-solid coupling CT triaxial test of the present invention comprises a triaxial test unit 100, a medical CT unit 200 and a loading unit 300, wherein the triaxial test unit 100 performs rock sample installation through the loading unit 300, the medical CT unit 200 is used for CT scanning of rock samples, the medical CT unit 200 comprises a CT scanning host 210 and a sickbed system 220, the sickbed system 220 is composed of a sickbed fixing bracket 220a and a sickbed movable bracket, and the sickbed movable bracket is movably arranged on the sickbed fixing bracket 220 a; the loading unit 300 is located in front of the CT scanning host 210; a linear guide rail pair structure for the linear horizontal movement of the triaxial test unit 100 is arranged between the loading unit 300 and the triaxial test unit 100; the track in the linear guide rail pair structure is composed of a main body section 301 and an extension section, wherein the main body section 301 is used for the triaxial test unit 100 to move linearly on the loading unit 300, and the extension section is mainly used for the triaxial test unit 100 to move linearly from the loading unit 300 to the movable bracket of the sickbed; the main body section 301 is provided with detachable limit stoppers 305 at both ends.
The main body section 301 is fixedly connected to a loading table 310a, a movement driving device for driving the triaxial test unit 100 to move is arranged between the loading table 310a and the triaxial test unit 100, and the movement driving device adopts a screw-nut pair transmission structure driven by a motor; the transmission structure of the screw nut pair adopts a screw nut pair with a self-locking angle; the triaxial test unit 100 is connected with the loading unit 300 through a loading platform 310a, the loading platform 310a is hinged to a rack 320 of the loading unit 300 through a hinge structure, the hinge structure is used for enabling the loading unit 300 to be turned from a horizontal state to a vertical state, a piece mounting platform 330 is arranged at the lower end of one side of the rack 320, the piece mounting platform 330 forms a T shape through a rod part, the piece mounting platform 330 is rotatably supported on the rack 320 through the rod part, a hand wheel 331 for pulling is further arranged on the piece mounting platform 330, and a handle is connected to the hand wheel 331 so that the piece mounting platform 330 can be pulled to rotate through the handle. Wherein, the triaxial test unit 100 is connected with the loading platform 310a through the sliding platform 110; a rectangular open through groove is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the sliding table 110, and a strip-shaped waist groove A is formed in the middle of the loading table 310 a; a screw 311 of a screw-nut pair in the mobile driving device is rotatably arranged on the loading platform 310a through a screw seat 312 fixedly connected with the bottom surface of the loading platform 310a at two ends of the screw 311, one end of the screw 311 is coaxially and fixedly connected with an output shaft of a driving motor 313, the driving motor 313 is fixedly arranged on the loading platform 310a, a nut 111 penetrates through a strip-shaped waist groove A of the loading platform 310a, the upper end of the nut 111 extends into a through groove in the middle of the bottom surface of the sliding platform 110, and the nut 111 and the sliding platform 110 are matched with a locking block or a locking bolt 112 through a locking jack to form detachable locking fixation; two sides of the middle part of the nut 111 form sliding fit with the strip-shaped waist groove A, and the rotation of the nut is limited by the strip-shaped waist groove A. After the locking structure is locked, the driving motor 313 drives the sliding table 110 and the triaxial test unit 100 to move synchronously, and the locking structure is mainly used for forming a rock sample installation space in a mode of lifting the main body part of the triaxial test unit 100 by moving the driving device when the triaxial test unit 100, the sliding table 110 and the loading table 310a are in a vertical state, so that the installation convenience is improved; and when the triaxial test unit 100 is in a horizontal state and the locking and fixing are released, the triaxial test unit 100 is conveniently pushed to synchronously move to a hospital bed of the CT scanner along with the sliding table 110. Obviously, in order to meet the requirement of installing the rock sample, a horizontal limit structure and a vertical limit locking structure are arranged between the loading platform 310a and the rack 320, and are respectively used for limiting the triaxial test unit 100 in a horizontal state and a vertical state.
The horizontal limiting structure is formed by a limiting column 321 fixedly connected to the top of the frame 320, and when the loading platform 310a is in a horizontal position, the limiting column 321 supports the loading platform 310a through the bottom surface of the loading platform 310 a; the vertical limiting and locking structure comprises a vertical limiting block 322 and a locking screw 323, the vertical limiting block 322 is arranged on the side surface of the rack 320, when the loading platform 310a is in a vertical state, the vertical limiting block 322 is supported against the back surface of the lower end of the loading platform 310a, the back surface and the horizontal bottom surface of the loading platform 310a are the same, the locking screw 323 is hinged on the rack 320 and is positioned at the lower end part of the loading platform 310a, the lower end of the loading platform 310a is provided with a screw accommodating groove B for clamping the rod part of the locking screw 323, and the locking screw 323 locks the rack 320 and the loading platform 310a through a locking nut screwed with the locking screw 323. In addition, a turning driving device for switching the vertical and horizontal states of the triaxial test unit 100 is disposed between the loading platform 310a and the frame 320, the turning driving device is composed of a winding machine 324, a motor and a winding drum of the winding machine 324 are fixedly connected to one side of the frame 320, and a traction wire rope 325 is connected to one end of the loading platform 310a through a third pulley 326.
The linear guide rail pair is formed into a combined double-guide rail pair structure by combining double-I-shaped guide rail pairs; the guide rail pair forms a rolling guide rail pair structure with the rolling bodies through the main body section 301 and the extension section of the track respectively. The rolling bodies are in a roller pin form, a plurality of roller pins are arranged on the roller pin supports 113 in parallel, and the four roller pin supports 113 are fixedly connected to the four corners of the sliding table 110; the needle roller bracket 113 is U-shaped, and at least one side wall of the U-shape in the needle roller bracket 113 is slidably connected with the outer side surface of the upper part of the main body section 301 or the extension section of the rail, so as to form lateral limit of the sliding table 110.
The extension section consists of a first extension rail 302 and a second extension rail 303, the first extension rail 302 is connected between the rack 320 and the movable bracket of the sickbed, and the second extension rail 303 is arranged on the movable bracket of the sickbed, so that the first extension rail 302 forms a connecting bridge; to facilitate the disconnection of the CT scanner from the loading unit 300 by removing the first extension rail 302, thereby obtaining a necessary operation space required during scanning, or, restoring the original medical scanning function of the medical scanner; the second extension rail 303 constitutes a support for the movable bracket of the patient bed to scan the triaxial test unit 100CT, and two ends of the second extension rail 303 are provided with detachable limiting stop irons 305 to prevent the triaxial test unit 100 from accidentally falling off from the movable bracket of the patient bed. Wherein, a supporting plate 220b made of polymer structure composite material is arranged on the sickbed movable bracket, and a composite nut 304 with an inner screw thread and an outer screw thread is embedded in the supporting plate 220 b; first extension track 302 and second extension track 303 pass through set screw and layer board 220b fixed connection, layer board 220b with utilize the thread gluing area of widening and adopt the mode of ligature to fix layer board 220b on CT sick bed movable bracket between the sick bed movable bracket, thereby effectively avoid causing unrecoverable's damage to CT sick bed movable bracket, simultaneously the weight of reasonable distribution, it arranges CT sick bed fixed bracket top to extend track 303 with the second, the guide rail adopts narrow wide big loading face under the upper portion, long support section structure, avoid movable bracket to produce bending deformation and unstable, thereby cause the influence to the scanning result.
The triaxial test unit 100 adopts a mode of loading axial pressure and confining pressure simultaneously to form simulated triaxial loading; the triaxial test unit 100 comprises a pressure cavity 120 with a cylindrical structure, the pressure cavity 120 is made of titanium alloy, a heat insulation sleeve 121 is lined on the inner wall of the cylindrical part of the pressure cavity 120, the heat insulation sleeve 121 is made of nano aerogel material, the pressure cavity 120 is in a reaction frame structure formed by a connecting disc 120a at the rear end through four posts 122 and an axial pressure loading cylinder mounting plate 123, the triaxial test unit 100 is fixedly connected with a sliding table 110 through the connecting disc 120a and the axial pressure loading cylinder mounting plate 123, an axial pressure loading oil cylinder 124 is arranged on the axial pressure loading cylinder mounting plate 123, the axial pressure loading oil cylinder 124 is connected with an electro-hydraulic servo loading system for axial pressure loading, the electro-hydraulic servo loading system comprises a loading servo motor, and the servo motor passes through a ball screw pair loading system; a cylinder bottom cover 124a of the axial pressure loading oil cylinder 124 is provided with a magnetostrictive displacement sensor 124b, a probe of the magnetostrictive displacement sensor 124b axially extends into a piston of the axial pressure loading oil cylinder 124, a magnetic ring of the magnetostrictive displacement sensor 124b is also embedded in the piston, the front end of a piston rod of the axial pressure loading oil cylinder 124 is sequentially provided with a pressure sensor 125 and a loading pressure head, the loading pressure head consists of a loading pressure head main body 126 and a loading movable head 127, an inner spherical surface and outer spherical surface matching structure is formed between the loading movable head 127 and the loading pressure head main body 126, the loading movable head 127 and the loading pressure head main body 126 are connected through a bolt and a pre-tightening spring 128, and the pre-tightening spring 128 enables the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface between the loading movable head 127 and the loading pressure head main body 126; the magnetostrictive displacement sensor 124b and the stress sensor 125 form an axial pressure loading control system, and the axial pressure loading oil cylinder 124, the electro-hydraulic servo loading system for axial pressure loading and the axial pressure loading control system are connected and controlled by a central computer; a connecting flange 120b is formed at the front end of the pressure cavity 120, the connecting flange 120b is connected with a lower base plate 129 through a bolt, a positioning plate 130 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the lower base plate 129, the lower base plate 129 is connected with a workpiece mounting table 330 through the positioning plate 130, and the lower base plate 129 and the workpiece mounting table 330 form a coaxial connecting relation; the inner side of the lower chassis 129 is provided with a fixed pressure head assembly, the fixed pressure head assembly is formed by axially combining a fixed pressure head main body 131 and a honeycomb hole fixed pressure head 132 with a honeycomb hole structure, and the free end of the honeycomb hole fixed pressure head 132 is used for bearing a rock sample 133; a through cover 137 with a flange plate is in clearance fit with the middle part of the connecting disc 120a, the flange plate of the through cover 137 is positioned on the inner side of the connecting disc 120a, the through cover 137 and the connecting disc 120a form an end face sealing structure through the flange plate, a movable pressure head assembly is in radial sealing fit with the inside of the through cover 137, the movable pressure head assembly applies axial load through a loading pressure head, the movable pressure head assembly is formed by a movable pressure head main body 134 and a honeycomb hole movable pressure head 135 with a honeycomb hole structure in an axial direction, and the honeycomb hole movable pressure head 135 is used for applying axial load to a rock sample 133; the fixed pressure head main body 131 and the movable pressure head main body 134 are both provided with annular grooves for bundling iron wires 136; the lower base plate 129 and the transparent cover 137 are both fixedly connected with wire coil heaters 138, and the two wire coil heaters 138 are respectively surrounded on the peripheries of a section of rod part of the fixed pressure head main body 131 and the movable pressure head main body 134; the lower chassis 129 and the transparent cover 137 are connected through at least two positioning rods 139, one end of each positioning rod 139 is fixed on the lower chassis 129, the other end of each positioning rod 139 and a matching hole in the transparent cover 137 form a sliding fit connection relation, and the plurality of positioning rods 139 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the fixed pressure head main body 131 in the circumferential direction so that the fixed pressure head main body 131 and the movable pressure head main body 134 are coaxial after the rock sample 133 is installed. The outer wall of the cylinder portion of the pressure chamber 120 is formed in a stepped structure, and an inner concave structure having a reduced wall thickness is formed on the outer wall of a region corresponding to the rock sample 133. Seepage fluid interfaces are arranged on the lower base plate 129 and the movable pressure head main body 134, and the two seepage fluid interfaces are communicated with a seepage fluid channel on the lower base plate 129 sequentially through a fluid channel arranged on the movable pressure head main body 134, a seepage fluid channel and a honeycomb hole on the honeycomb hole movable pressure head 135, a seepage flow channel of the rock sample 133, a honeycomb hole and a seepage fluid channel on the honeycomb hole fixed pressure head 132, a seepage fluid channel of the fixed pressure head main body 131 and a seepage fluid channel on the lower base plate 129; and forms a seepage fluid circulation passage through an external seepage pipeline and a seepage pump. Confining pressure loading fluid channel interfaces communicated with the inner cavity of the pressure cavity 120 are arranged on the lower chassis 129 and the connecting disc 120a, and the two confining pressure loading fluid channel interfaces and the electro-hydraulic servo loading system form a confining pressure loading circulation loop through an external pipeline. The electro-hydraulic servo loading system comprises a loading servo motor, wherein the servo motor is loaded through a ball screw pair, and the electro-hydraulic servo loading system is controlled by a central control computer. When the rock sample 133 is assembled and disassembled, the lower base plate 129 is separated from the pressure cavity 120 by disassembling the connecting bolt between the connecting flange 120b and the lower base plate 129, and the fixed pressure head and the movable pressure head are integrally exposed out of the pressure cavity 120 in a manner of lifting the sliding table 110; when the lower chassis 129 and the pressure cavity 120 need to be connected together through bolts after assembly is completed, the assembly table 330 can be pulled through the handle to enable the lower chassis 129 to synchronously rotate along with the assembly table 330, and the requirement of coaxial bolt installation corresponding to a plurality of circumferentially distributed bolt installation holes on the lower chassis 129 and the connecting flange 120b is met.
The overturning driving device in the test system can be replaced by a hydraulic cylinder; the movement drive can also be replaced by another hydraulic cylinder.
The double-I-shaped combined guide rail pair structure in the test system can also be replaced by a dovetail-shaped guide rail pair structure, a double-T-shaped guide rail pair structure or a combined guide rail pair structure combining a rectangle and a triangle.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions available to those skilled in the art through logic analysis, reasoning and limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concept of the present invention should be within the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A loaded coal rock body thermo-hydrodynamic coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method is characterized in that the method is carried out based on a loading unit in a thermo-hydrodynamic coupling triaxial test system for dynamic observation by applying medical CT, the loading unit (300) carries out rock sample loading and unloading of the triaxial test unit (100) through a loading table (310a) and a loading table (330), the triaxial test unit (100) respectively forms a horizontal state and a vertical state through the loading table (310a) hinged to the loading unit (300), and the triaxial test unit (100) can horizontally move on the loading table (310a) through a linear guide rail pair structure arranged between the loading unit (300) and the triaxial test unit (100); the track in the linear guide rail pair structure consists of a main body section (301) and an extension section, wherein the main body section (301) is used for the linear movement of the triaxial test unit (100) on the loading unit (300); two ends of the main body section (301) are provided with detachable limit stop irons (305); the method comprises the following steps:
first, specimen and facility preparation: the method comprises the steps of manufacturing a rock sample (133) according to test requirements; turning over the triaxial test unit (100) to a vertical state along with the loading platform (310 a);
step two, test piece installation: after a test piece mounting unit of the triaxial test unit (100) is supported by a test piece mounting table (330) on the loading unit (300), opening a triaxial pressure chamber of the triaxial test unit (100), lifting the height of the triaxial pressure chamber to expose the test piece mounting unit out of a pressure cavity (120) of the triaxial pressure chamber, and mounting a rock test piece (133) on the test piece mounting unit; resetting the test piece mounting unit and enabling the triaxial pressure chamber to form a sealing state;
thirdly, preparing the test unit in place: turning the triaxial test unit (100) to be in a horizontal state, and releasing the locking state of the mobile driving device and the triaxial test unit (100);
when the test piece in the second step is installed, a heat shrink tube which is a distance away from the length of the rock test piece (133) is sleeved on the periphery of the rock test piece (133), the rock test piece (133) is aligned and placed between the honeycomb hole fixed pressure head (132) and the honeycomb hole movable pressure head (135), meanwhile, two end parts of the rock sample (133) which is grown out of the heat shrink tube are respectively coated on the peripheries of the fixed pressure head main body (131) and the movable pressure head main body (134), the extended parts of the heat shrinkable tube respectively exceed annular grooves for binding iron wires (136) on the fixed pressure head main body (131) and the movable pressure head main body (134), the heat shrinkable tube is uniformly heated by a hot air gun to be tightly attached to the rock sample (133), an iron wire (136) is tied in the annular groove of the connecting part of the heat-shrinkable tube, the fixed pressure head main body (131) and the movable pressure head main body (134), an iron wire (136) is used for hooping and sealing, so that the high-pressure hydraulic oil loaded by confining pressure cannot enter the rock sample (133);
and in the resetting process of the test piece mounting unit after the test piece is mounted in the second step, the mounting table (330) is pulled through the handle to enable the lower chassis (129) to synchronously rotate along with the mounting table (330), so that the connecting bolt holes are aligned with the screw holes arranged on the lower chassis (129), and then the lower chassis (129) is fixedly connected with the pressure cavity (120) through screwing the bolts, so that the triaxial pressure chamber is in a sealed state.
2. The loaded coal rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic-mechanical coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the first step, after the triaxial test unit (100) is turned to be in a vertical state, the loading table (310a) is locked, and the triaxial test unit (100) is lowered by a moving driving device between the loading table (310a) and the triaxial test unit (100); and the triaxial test unit (100) and the mounting table (330) form a coaxial line state through the positioning disc (130) on the triaxial test unit.
3. The loaded coal-rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic-solid coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method according to claim 2, wherein the triaxial cell lifting in the second step is performed by a mobile driving device.
4. The loaded coal rock mass thermo-hydrodynamic-mechanical coupling CT triaxial test sample loading method according to claim 3, characterized in that before the triaxial test unit (100) is turned to be in a vertical state, a movable driving device and the triaxial test unit (100) are locked.
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| CN112179748B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2023-06-09 | 河南理工大学 | CT triaxial experiment sample loading method for coal rock sample |
| CN112414912B (en) * | 2020-10-20 | 2022-06-07 | 太原理工大学 | Test device and test method for dynamic and static loading CT scanning of fractured coal rock mass |
| CN116818505B (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-10-31 | 无锡市欧凯电子有限公司 | Real-time control system of constant stress pressure testing machine and working method |
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| CN101634621B (en) * | 2009-08-12 | 2011-05-25 | 重庆大学 | Fluid-solid-heat coupling triaxial servo percolation device for gas-contained coal |
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| CN107014693A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2017-08-04 | 重庆大学 | Loaded coal rock body heat fluid structurecoupling CT triaxial pressure chambers |
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| JPH06233753A (en) * | 1993-01-14 | 1994-08-23 | Philips Electron Nv | X-ray device with device part which is rotatable around level turn shaft |
| CN2558329Y (en) * | 2002-01-16 | 2003-07-02 | 吴俊江 | Three-D movable therapeutic bed |
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