CN107081213B - A kind of Verticle vortex sorting unit - Google Patents

A kind of Verticle vortex sorting unit Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107081213B
CN107081213B CN201710396781.4A CN201710396781A CN107081213B CN 107081213 B CN107081213 B CN 107081213B CN 201710396781 A CN201710396781 A CN 201710396781A CN 107081213 B CN107081213 B CN 107081213B
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China
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magnetic roller
separating plate
plate
sorting unit
splicing groove
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CN107081213A (en
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苑轶
王强
于庆旭
康健
高翱
刘铁
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Northeastern University China
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Northeastern University China
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03CMAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03C1/00Magnetic separation
    • B03C1/02Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated
    • B03C1/23Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp
    • B03C1/24Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields
    • B03C1/247Magnetic separation acting directly on the substance being separated with material carried by oscillating fields; with material carried by travelling fields, e.g. generated by stationary magnetic coils; Eddy-current separators, e.g. sliding ramp with material carried by travelling fields obtained by a rotating magnetic drum

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  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Sorting Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of Verticle vortex sorting unit, shaft including vertical direction setting, magnetic roller is fixed in shaft, shaft driving device is arranged in the lower section of shaft, and separator is arranged in the outside of the magnetic roller, and the separator includes interior separating plate, outer separating plate and the demarcation plate of vertical direction setting, feed inlet is set above outer separating plate, arc panel is set below feed inlet, and one end of arc panel is arranged below feed inlet, and other end is arranged between demarcation plate and interior separating plate;The tangent line of arc panel at material outlet is horizontal direction;Nonmetallic splicing groove is arranged in the lower section of interior separating plate and demarcation plate;Metal splicing groove is arranged in the lower section of outer separating plate and demarcation plate.The invention has the advantages that (1) is vortexed power long action time;(2) material during the separation process, will not mutual extrusion, be between material particles it is independent, separating effect is more preferable;(3) structure is simple, and does not have noise.

Description

A kind of Verticle vortex sorting unit
Technical field
The present invention relates to machinery field, specifically a kind of vortex sorting machine, mainly in broken electronic waste The sorting of object is extracted.
Background technique
With the fast development of China's economic society, the use of electric appliance realizes in China civilian or even household fast Speed is universal.The electric appliance used also gradually realizes rapid, miniaturization from the equipment of Large heavy.These use electric current or electricity The equipment of magnetic field work is known as electric equipment products, including household electrical appliance, communication apparatus, office accessory etc..Since component makes With consumption and aging in the process, electric equipment products has limited service life.Reach service life time limit, function funeral It loses.These " electronic wastes ".In contained metal sample higher, enormous amount, great recovery value.
In world wide, the electron wastes generated every year there are about 2000 to 25,000,000 tons, from the first industrial revolution to The present, 80% or more the mineral resources that can carry out industrialized utilization have all been exploited totally, and most of resource now with The form of " rubbish " is left unused in the soot in city or rural area, and total amount is up to hundreds billion of tons, and annual mad increase approaches 10000000000 tons, just becoming many never exhausted " city mines ".Wherein most originates from the states such as Europe, the U.S., Australia Family;If handled improper, it will serious contaminated land and atmospheric environment generate irreversible danger to China's natural environment Evil.And if properly handled, turns waste into wealth, and develops and uses these metal resources, industrial development for China's future and miniature The further development of electronics industry will generate huge motive force.
And for the electronic waste of complicated composition, since itself size is smaller, and wherein metal and nonmetallic knot It closes close.By taking circuit board of mobile phone as an example: for circuit plate thickness close to 2mm, there are many metal etched above, need using physics side Method is crushed to very little size just and can make wherein metal and will be completely dissociated with nonmetallic.It is divided into coarse crushing according to broken Particle size requirements Technology and technology fine crushing.The partial size of the smashed circuit board particle of coarse crushing technology is between lmm~10mm.In general, electric The partial size of metal is crushed to 0.6mm~1mm or so and is just able to achieve preferable dissociation effect in the plate of road.It uses at this stage at most It is vortex method for separating.The prior art use horizontal sorting machine, there are the problem of it is as follows:
(1) vortex power action time is short.Since magnetic roller surrounding space field decay exponentially changes, peripheral magnetic field strength It is almost nil, and with certain horizontal initial velocity when particle pan feeding, therefore suffered vortex power acts on metal wherein Time is shorter, cannot sufficiently accelerate, and then affect separating effect;
(2) conveyer belt is easy to damage.In general the more stable conveyer belt the better, due to metal burn-off object and nonmetallic residual burning Object is easy to happen vibration during moving with conveyer belt, and then enters between conveyer belt and magnetic roller, increase conveyer belt and The abrasion of magnetic roller, and increase conveyer belt skin-friction coefficient, it is unfavorable for material disengaging;
(3) particle is easy sideslip.Mixed material from top be poured into conveyer belt movement during, particle it Between have a friction and collision, and place must be horizontal for device, and otherwise material can be usually because Interaction between particles and device incline The reasons such as oblique go to the edge of device;
(4) there are problems that material leakage.When the mixed material being disposably put into is more, part metals and nonmetallic are had Particle is fallen directly on outside splicing groove;
(5) number to collide is more.Particle has certain interference effect, particle during leaving, between particle There are also the possibility of collision with the sealing cover above splicing groove.
(6) the problem of noise and vibration.In sorting work, the vibration and noise of device is larger, especially conveyer belt and The motor of magnetic roller there are problems that being swung left and right.
(7) inconvenient to carry.The installation weight now designed is about 70kg, bigger than normal for Portability equipment;In addition biography The presence of band is sent, the volume of device is also bigger than normal.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Verticle vortex sorting machine, specific technical solution It is as follows:
A kind of Verticle vortex sorting unit, the shaft including vertical direction setting fix magnetic roller in shaft, under shaft Separator is arranged in side's setting shaft driving device, the outside of the magnetic roller, and the separator includes what vertical direction was arranged Interior separating plate, outer separating plate and demarcation plate, outer separating plate top are arranged feed inlet, arc panel, arc panel are arranged below feed inlet One end be arranged below feed inlet, other end be arranged between demarcation plate and interior separating plate;Arc panel at material outlet Tangent line be horizontal direction;Nonmetallic splicing groove is arranged in the lower section of interior separating plate and demarcation plate;Under outer separating plate and demarcation plate Side's setting metal splicing groove.
The interior separating plate, outer separating plate, demarcation plate are arc, and are concentric circles with magnetic roller.
Further include adjustment device can vertically or circular arc direction to demarcation plate carry out size adjusting.
The interior separating plate, outer separating plate, demarcation plate are ring-type, and are concentric circles with magnetic roller.
When material particles diameter is 0.5-2mm, interior separating plate with magnetic roller on the outside of at a distance from for 0.9-1mm, demarcation plate away from Distance on the outside of magnetic roller is 4.9-5mm;Outer separating plate is 9.9-10mm away from the distance on the outside of magnetic roller;Interior separating plate is higher than magnetic roller Upper surface 10-20mm;Demarcation plate is away from magnetic roller upper surface distance 110-112mm;The height of magnetic roller is 120-122mm.
The adjustment device includes horizontal adjustment seat, and servo motor one, the servo electricity are arranged on the horizontal adjustment seat Machine one drives gear one, and the gear one is engaged with rack gear one horizontally arranged on demarcation plate;It further include being arranged on pedestal Servo motor two, servo motor two drive gear two, gear two on horizontal adjustment seat vertical direction setting rack gear two nibble It closes;The servo motor and shaft driving motor are connect with control chip.
The arc panel is two-part structure, and vibration device is arranged in the last period, and is overlapped on latter section of top, forward and backward two Section is not directly contacted with.
Feed inlet can also be annular, and be not provided with interior separating plate, and the end outlet of feed inlet is one cyclic annular, opening Radial distance is greater than material particles maximum gauge 0.1mm.
It further include recyclable device, the recyclable device includes the recycling motor that hull outside is arranged in, and recycling motor passes through Belt drives turntable rotation, and turntable connects with shaft axis;The nonmetallic splicing of the metal splicing groove and annular of annular is set on turntable Slot;Brush is set above the nonmetallic splicing groove of metal splicing groove and annular, and the brush is rotated with turntable, after separation Metal sweeps into splicing groove with nonmetallic.
The magnetic system structure of the magnetic roller is non-homogeneous to be arranged alternately, and there are two types of arrangement mode, the first arrangement mode is Magnetic roller includes big magnetic patch, small magnetic patch, one end of big magnetic patch setting left magnetic roller, small magnetic patch setting in other end, and NS interpolar every Setting;Another arrangement mode is the large, medium and small magnetic patch with plurality of specifications, and NS interpolar is every setting.
The invention has the advantages that
(1) it is vortexed power long action time.The metallic particles residence time in magnetic fields region the long more is conducive to point Choosing stops in field region in conjunction with accelerated motion rule it is found that initial velocity of the particle when entering magnetic fields section is smaller Stay the time longer, separating effect is better.Due to traditional horizontal sorting machine when material leaves with certain initial velocity, should Speed reduces the time of material horizontal direction acted on by magnetic roller;And the present invention due to be provided with arc panel, material from The initial velocity of vertical direction is zero when opening arc panel, therefore, increases the action time of separating force;In addition, object of the invention Material is the axial direction along magnetic roller, and the material of horizontal sorting machine is the tangential direction along magnetic roller, it is obvious that object of the invention Material is longer by the operating distance of separating force;
(2) present invention without horizontal sorting machine transmission belt, material during the separation process, will not mutual extrusion, material Intergranular be it is independent, therefore, when receiving magnetic roller active force, not will receive the influence collided between material particles, separating effect More preferably;
(3) it due to reducing tape transport system, is not only simple in structure, and there is no noise.
(4) different metal further progresss can be sorted by the way that Multi-layer separated plate is arranged;And demarcation plate is vertical The shape in direction can be arranged accordingly according to different metallic characters, such as use arc.
(5) small in size, material sorting in scene easy to carry, original horizontal type structure complete machine is excessive, 20 ㎡ of occupied area, Novel structure occupied area only 5 ㎡, and have in weight and be greatly lowered.
(6) due to changing the motion mode between material and magnetic roller, magnetic roller is increased to the zone of action of material, therefore, It can adapt to smaller size of particle, break through the size limitation of original vortex sorting, can be realized sorting 0.8mm-2mm partial size The particle of size is more applicable for the size of separation of existing electronic waste and metallurgical abandoned mine.
(7) material leakage, the sideslip of belt transmission are thoroughly solved the problems, such as, charging does not need belt, directly feeds, does not have It the problem of belt residual material, will not the problem of material leaves conveyer belt in transmit process.
(8) it is interfered between reduction particle, using annular feeding device, when comparing previous transmission device unit between material Between inlet amount do not decline in the case where ensure that between material collide reduce.And annular charging can be with guarantor unit's time Inlet amount.
(9) magnetic system structure is shorter, and the previous horizontal type structure of length vs has considerable improvement, and cost can save very much.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is size relationship schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram for separating slab adjusting device;
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of arc panel;
Fig. 6 is the structural schematic diagram of another embodiment;
Fig. 7 is a kind of magnetic roller structural schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 is another magnetic roller structural schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawing, as shown in Figure 1, the present invention includes the shaft 1 of vertical direction setting, Magnetic roller 2 is fixed in shaft 1, shaft driving device is arranged in the lower section of shaft 1, and the shaft driving device includes motor 9 and control Case 10, the interior setting control chip of control cabinet is for controlling each electric component;Separator is arranged in the outside of the magnetic roller 2, described Separator includes interior separating plate 4, outer separating plate 5 and the demarcation plate 6 of vertical direction setting, and charging is arranged above outer separating plate 5 Mouthfuls 3, arc panel 11 is set below feed inlet 3, one end of arc panel 11 is arranged below feed inlet 3, other end setting point Between partition 6 and interior separating plate 4;The tangent line of arc panel at material outlet is horizontal direction to guarantee that it is vertical that material leaves moment The initial velocity in direction is zero;Nonmetallic splicing groove 8 is arranged in the lower section of interior separating plate 4 and demarcation plate 6;Outer separating plate 5 and demarcation plate Metal splicing groove 7 is arranged in 6 lower section.In Fig. 1,12 be metallic particles, and 13 be non-metallic particle.
It as shown in figure 3, the interior separating plate 4, outer separating plate 5, demarcation plate 6 are arc, and is concentric circles with magnetic roller 2. The interior separating plate 4, outer separating plate 5, demarcation plate 6 can also be ring-type, and be concentric circles with magnetic roller 2.
As shown in fig. 6, feed inlet can also be annular, and be not provided with interior separation in another embodiment of the present invention Plate, the end outlet of feed inlet 3 are one cyclic annular, and opening radial distance is greater than material particles maximum gauge 0.1mm, to guarantee object Expect the initial velocity when starting to fall substantially without vertical direction;For convenience of the recycling of material after classification, the present invention is also set up Recyclable device, the recyclable device include the recycling motor 21 that hull outside is arranged in, and recycling motor 21 passes through belt drive Turn disk 23 rotates, and turntable 23 connects with 2 axis of shaft;The metal splicing groove 7 and the nonmetallic of annular that annular is arranged on turntable 23 connect Hopper 8;Brush 22 is set above the nonmetallic splicing groove 8 of metal splicing groove 7 and annular, the brush 22 is rotated with turntable 23, Metal after separation is swept into splicing groove with nonmetallic.
To be applicable in different material particles diameter and type, the setting of demarcation plate 6 can vertically or circular arc direction Carry out the device of size adjusting.Specific structure is arranged on the horizontal adjustment seat 14 as shown in figure 4, including horizontal adjustment seat 14 Servo motor 1, the servo motor 1 drive gear 1, the level being arranged on the gear 1 and demarcation plate 6 The rack gear 1 in direction engages;It further include the servo motor 2 18 being arranged on pedestal, servo motor 2 18 drives gear 2 19, Gear 2 19 is engaged with the rack gear 2 20 of vertical direction on horizontal adjustment seat 14;The servo motor and shaft driving motor are equal It is connect with control chip.
It is, of course, also possible to using other adjustment structures, it might even be possible to using the demarcation plate of multilayer mutually abutted, adopt Mode is adjusted by hand.
As shown in Fig. 2, magnetic roller structure size includes magnetic roller height H, magnetic roller radius R and number of magnetic pole pairs k, material transmission knot Structure size includes that Disengagement zone upper end is higher than the height h1 of magnetic roller upper surface, demarcation plate away from the height h2 of magnetic roller upper surface, Disengagement zone Inside is away from the outer peripheral horizontal distance L1 of magnetic roller, demarcation plate away from the outer peripheral horizontal distance L2 of magnetic roller, Disengagement zone outside away from magnetic roller Outer peripheral horizontal distance L3.The outer side bus of magnetic roller is set as y-axis, driving water plane is x axis.
According to the size range (particle diameter is in 0.5-2mm) and separation condition (metal and non-metallic particle of sorting material Separating distance be greater than particle size), design the size of Disengagement zone.It is needed as far as possible on the outside of the inside of Disengagement zone and magnetic roller Close to (big closer to magnetic roller Surface field intensity, the suffered vortex power of particle is larger, and sorting is preferable), so setting separation herein Away from magnetic roller 1mm, i.e. L1=0.9-1mm on the inside of area;Since sorting particle full-size is 2mm, so the horizontal separation needed Distance is greater than 2mm, if the width of nonmetallic Disengagement zone is 4mm (particle size adds separating distance), then demarcation plate is away from magnetic roller Outer edge L2=4.9-5mm;The width of metal Disengagement zone should be greater than particle size less than metal splicing sector width, be set as L3 =9.9-10mm.
In order to reserve enough spaces to material near feeding inlet, the height h1 that Disengagement zone is higher than magnetic roller upper surface is set It is scheduled within the scope of 10-20mm.The thickness of demarcation plate in the case where meeting intensity requirement get over Bao Yuehao, demarcation plate away from magnetic roller upper surface away from Need the vortex power being subject in sorting according to metallic particles and projectile motion rule in conjunction with determining from h2 and magnetic roller height H.
Experiment needs h2 > 106.3mm, magnetic it is found that fall into the copper bead of 0.5-2mm can in metal splicing groove Roller height H > h2, designs h2=110-112mm then.Theoretically the H the big more is easy to sort, but in view of magnetic roller permanent-magnet material The problem of consumption and weight, H is designed as 120-122mm
As shown in figure 5, the arc panel is two-part structure, and the last period 1101 is arranged to guarantee being sufficiently separated for material Vibration device 1103, and it is overlapped on latter section 1102 top, forward and backward two sections are not directly contacted with, in order to avoid transfer vibrations to latter Section.
As shown in fig. 6, feed inlet can also be annular, and it is not provided with interior separating plate, the end outlet of feed inlet is one Ring-type, opening radial distance are greater than material particles maximum gauge 0.1mm.
It further include recyclable device, the recyclable device includes the recycling motor that hull outside is arranged in, and recycling motor passes through Belt drives turntable rotation, and turntable connects with shaft axis;The nonmetallic splicing of the metal splicing groove and annular of annular is set on turntable Slot;Brush is set above the nonmetallic splicing groove of metal splicing groove and annular, and the brush is rotated with turntable, after separation Metal sweeps into splicing groove with nonmetallic.
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8, the magnetic system structure of the magnetic roller is non-homogeneous is arranged alternately, and there are two types of arrangement mode, the It includes big magnetic patch, small magnetic patch that a kind of arrangement mode, which is magnetic roller, one end of big magnetic patch setting left magnetic roller, and small magnetic patch is arranged in addition One end, and NS interpolar is every setting;Another arrangement mode is the large, medium and small magnetic patch with plurality of specifications, and NS interpolar is every setting It sets.
The arrangement of a variety of magnetic rollers can solve a kind of arrangement mode field strength size at effective magnetic field range (hereinafter referred to as field domain) Interior rapid decay prohlem can effectively increase in field domain magnetic field strength everywhere.It has carried out carrying out various pieces weight in technique Customization, avoids not eccentricity issues caused by herewith block size.Two kinds of structures can be customized according to actual needs and Angle is also designed.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of Verticle vortex sorting unit, it is characterised in that: including the shaft that vertical direction is arranged, magnetic roller is fixed in shaft, Shaft driving device is arranged in the lower section of shaft, and separator is arranged in the outside of the magnetic roller, and the separator includes Vertical Square To the interior separating plate, outer separating plate and demarcation plate of setting, feed inlet is set above outer separating plate, arc is set below feed inlet One end of plate, arc panel is arranged below feed inlet, and other end is arranged between demarcation plate and interior separating plate;At material outlet It with the initial velocity for guaranteeing that material leaves moment vertical direction is zero that the tangent line of arc panel, which is horizontal direction, increases material by vortex power Action time;Nonmetallic splicing groove is arranged in the lower section of interior separating plate and demarcation plate;The lower section of outer separating plate and demarcation plate setting gold Belong to splicing groove;
The magnetic system structure of the magnetic roller is non-homogeneous to be arranged alternately, and there are two types of arrangement mode, the first arrangement mode is magnetic roller Including big magnetic patch, small magnetic patch, one end of big magnetic patch setting left magnetic roller, small magnetic patch is arranged in other end, and NS interpolar is every setting; Another arrangement mode is the large, medium and small magnetic patch with plurality of specifications, and NS interpolar is every setting.
2. Verticle vortex sorting unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the interior separating plate, divides outer separating plate Partition is arc, and is concentric circles with magnetic roller.
3. Verticle vortex sorting unit according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: further including adjustment device can be along Vertical Square To or circular arc direction to demarcation plate carry out size adjusting.
4. Verticle vortex sorting unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the interior separating plate, divides outer separating plate Partition is ring-type, and is concentric circles with magnetic roller.
5. Verticle vortex sorting unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: when material particles diameter is 0.5-2mm When, interior separating plate on the outside of magnetic roller at a distance from be 0.9-1mm, demarcation plate away from the distance on the outside of magnetic roller be 4.9-5mm;Outer separating plate It is 9.9-10mm away from the distance on the outside of magnetic roller;Interior separating plate is higher than magnetic roller upper surface 10-20mm;Demarcation plate away from magnetic roller upper surface away from From 110-112mm;The height of magnetic roller is 120-122mm.
6. Verticle vortex sorting unit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the adjustment device includes horizontal adjustment , servo motor one is set on the horizontal adjustment seat, and the servo motor one drives gear one, the gear one and demarcation plate Upper horizontally arranged rack gear one engages;It further include the servo motor two being arranged on pedestal, servo motor two drives gear two, Gear two is engaged with the rack gear two that vertical direction on horizontal adjustment seat is arranged;The servo motor and shaft driving motor with control The connection of coremaking piece.
7. Verticle vortex sorting unit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the arc panel is two-part structure, Vibration device is arranged in the last period, and is overlapped on latter section of top, and forward and backward two sections are not directly contacted with.
8. Verticle vortex sorting unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: feed inlet can also be annular, and It is not provided with interior separating plate, the end outlet of feed inlet is one cyclic annular, and opening radial distance is greater than material particles maximum gauge 0.1mm。
9. Verticle vortex sorting unit according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: it further include recyclable device, the recycling Device includes the recycling motor that hull outside is arranged in, and recycling motor drives turntable rotation by belt, and turntable connects with shaft axis; The metal splicing groove of annular and the nonmetallic splicing groove of annular are set on turntable;The nonmetallic splicing groove of metal splicing groove and annular Brush is arranged in top, and the brush is rotated with turntable, and the metal after separation is swept into splicing groove with nonmetallic.
CN201710396781.4A 2017-05-31 2017-05-31 A kind of Verticle vortex sorting unit Active CN107081213B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109174445B (en) * 2018-08-23 2020-03-31 山东路友再生资源设备有限公司 Femtosecond laser eddy magnetic separator
CN114011571B (en) * 2021-11-03 2022-11-22 东北大学 Vortex separation device for separating different non-magnetic metals

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CN201404857Y (en) * 2009-05-26 2010-02-17 包头市石宝铁矿集团有限责任公司 Novel iron ore magnetic separator
AU2013234409A1 (en) * 2012-10-05 2014-04-24 Egrs Technology Pty Ltd Apparatus and Method for the Separation of Particulates
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Inventor after: Yuan Die

Inventor after: Wang Qiang

Inventor after: Yu Qingxu

Inventor after: Kang Jian

Inventor after: Gao Ao

Inventor after: Liu Tie

Inventor before: Yuan Tie

Inventor before: Wang Qiang

Inventor before: Yu Qingxu

Inventor before: Kang Jian

Inventor before: Gao Ao

Inventor before: Liu Tie

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