CN107080521A - It is a kind of that the method that the exchange of CRS R scales is assessed is aided in based on brain-computer interface - Google Patents
It is a kind of that the method that the exchange of CRS R scales is assessed is aided in based on brain-computer interface Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The method that the exchange of CRS R scales is assessed, including step are aided in based on brain-computer interface the invention discloses a kind of：1) design brain machine interface system and experimentation approach clinic CRS R scales exchanges subitem；2) signal acquisition；3) detection process；4) data processing；5) statistical result is with assessing.The present invention assesses ability to exchange using brain-computer interface auxiliary CRS R scales, assesses more sensitive, more objective compared with clinically simple scale.Simultaneity factor is stimulated using audio visual, improves the performance of system, and the system than single vision and single sense of hearing is more effective.The present invention not only can aid in scale to be estimated diagnosis, can be also used for observing the state of consciousness of disturbance of consciousness patient, rehabilitation efficacy and treatment curative effect etc., increase the diversity and susceptibility of clinical assessment method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field that brain-computer interface and disturbance of consciousness CRS-R scales are assessed, refer in particular to one kind and be based on
The method that brain-computer interface auxiliary CRS-R scale exchanges are assessed.
Background technology
It is clinically to be commonly used to one to serious cerebral injury patient's neurobehavioral level of response that stupor, which recovers scale (CRS-R),
Individual standardization Survey.It may also be used for evaluating serious cerebral injury Case treatment effect and rehabilitation progress.CRS-R
Comprising six subitems and a total score, six of which sport includes 25 events again, and it is external to certain that each single item evaluates patient
The neurobehavioral reaction of stimulation.But CRS-R scales are a kind of scale of Behavior-based control reaction, some severe motion impairments
Patient behavior response can not be provided in evaluation process or stable state can not be kept.Wherein, patient ability to exchange
Assess more difficult, because it needs very high-grade behavior response.It is to propose feelings to patient that clinically ability to exchange, which is assessed,
Scape point to problem, if patient have to all problems it is clear, can distinguish, accurately react, two points can be obtained；If right
Clear, recognizable reaction that two of which problem has, then can obtain one point；Otherwise, only zero.Many disturbance of consciousness patients
Stable state can not be kept to provide corresponding reaction of nodding or shake the head.Some researchs show False Rate in 37%-43%.
In view of the defect of behavior rating scale, brain-computer interface (brain computer interface, BCI) system is used as one
The instrument that need to be only exchanged independent of behavior response by detecting EEG signals with the external world is planted, can be not only used for detecting patient
State of consciousness, auxiliary diagnostic tool can also be used as.The topmost advantage of brain-computer interface is not need any behavior response, because
This can obtain more objective assessment result relatively.
Substantially it is used for detecting state of consciousness or the assessment of patient currently used for the brain-computer interface of disturbance of consciousness patient
The remaining human-subject test of patient.There are some brain-computer interfaces for being used to assess patient's lower level behavior response ability, and be to use
Single vision or single audio modality, systematic function is not high.What the present invention was designed is exactly to be aided in using audio visual brain-computer interface
CRS-R scales assess the ability to exchange of disturbance of consciousness patient.
The present invention copies CRS-R scales to exchange the operation of subitem, points to problem based on scene, uses the Chinese character of audio visual
" Yes/No " designs the audio visual brain-computer interface that auxiliary CRS-R scale exchanges are assessed as semantic material is stimulated.And use and regard
Acoustic stimuli are used for improving the performance of brain-computer interface, for example, classification accuracy, so as to strengthen the accuracy of aided assessment.
The difficult point of the present invention is to design the audio visual brain-computer interface for being adapted to auxiliary scale, exchanged as far as possible with CRS-R scales
Subitem is similar, could more preferable auxiliary diagnosis；The semantic matches that the audio visual stimulation used simultaneously occurs simultaneously for same orientation
Stimulate, to improve the performance of system, so as to obtain preferably assessing accuracy.
The content of the invention
The present invention recovers behavior response requirement of scale (CRS-R) the exchange subitem to patient for existing clinical diagnosis stupor
Higher, subjectivity is too strong and single vision or single sense of hearing brain-computer interface Detection accuracy too low defect are based on there is provided one kind
The method that brain-computer interface auxiliary CRS-R scale exchanges are assessed, this method is used after audio visual brain-computer interface auxiliary diagnosis, than singly facing
Bed scale and experience detection are more accurate.
To achieve the above object, technical scheme provided by the present invention is：One kind is based on audio visual brain-computer interface auxiliary
The method that the exchange of CRS-R scales is assessed, comprises the following steps：
1) design brain machine interface system and experimentation approach clinic CRS-R scales exchanges subitem
From based on scene point to problem, " Yes/No " as stimulation material scheme.Scene, which points to problem, to be included：" just now
I am either with or without touching ear", " I was either with or without touching nose just now" and " I was either with or without clapping hands just now”；In order to improve brain-computer interface
The performance of system, is stimulated from audio visual, and problem is located at the surface at interface, and two Chinese character "Yes" and "No" are presented on figure at random
The left side and the right of shape user interface, subject need to take earphone, and when stimulation occurs every time, visual stimulus is the sudden strain of a muscle of button
Bright, i.e., the background color of the Chinese character button on screen becomes green from black, and Chinese character becomes black from white on button, acoustic stimuli
It is the female voice recording of the Chinese character, the same side occurs simultaneously with visual stimulus for acoustic stimuli；
2) signal acquisition
Subject is tested in a quiet room, and subject takes brain electricity in the case where being identified awakening
Cap is gathered, in the comfortable chair for being sitting in range display about 1m, height of display maintains an equal level with sight, brain wave acquisition amplifier is adopted
Sample frequency is 250Hz, and carries out bandpass filtering in the range of 0.1 to 30Hz, and experiment is using except collection electro-ocular signal
The EEG signals of all 30 passages outside " HEOG " and " VEOG ", the EEG signals of all passages are dashed forward as ginseng with auris dextra
According to during brain wave acquisition, the impedance value of all electrodes is all below 5k Ω；
3) detection process
Each subject needs to do at least 2 times tests, and test every time needs to complete at least six selection task, for the first time
The data of test are used for training pattern, and test below is by for obtaining final testing result；
The process of each selection task is as follows：
1. propose that scene points to problem
At first, the scene that experimental duties occurs above screen in system points to problem and instruction, while two
Individual Chinese character "Yes" and "No", are randomly illustrated in the left side and the right of graphic user interface respectively, and subject is needed according to boundary
The problem of on face, acts at random；The problem of such as showing is that " I was either with or without touching nose just now", then laboratory technician is in face of patient
Random selection touches nose or does not touch nose, is then putd question to patient, and after laboratory technician's action is completed, instruction is in both sides earphone
Play.
2. stimulate and present, after instruction is finished, two Chinese character buttons enter row stochastic flicker, each Chinese character key flash 5
Secondary rear next key flash 5 times, each key flash ten times in selection task each time, and order in turn is random, every time
The time of flicker is at least 300 milliseconds, flash twice at intervals of 700-1500 milliseconds；
3. after the completion of flashing, result is presented on center Screen by system after generating date, continues at least 2 seconds, such as
Fruit is correct, then one " √ " occurs, and the answer of selection occurs, while playing brouhaha in loudspeaker, if mistake, occurs
"×", and there is the answer of selection, loudspeaker do not play sound；
4. after result is presented, subject's rest；
4) data processing
Stimulate after the completion of presenting, the data collected are sent to computer and handled in real time by collecting device in real time, place
The detailed process of reason is as follows：
Signal carries out a bandpass filtering first, and filter range is 0.1-20Hz；All passages are stimulated 0-600 after occurring
The data of millisecond period are extracted；Then all data cells are done one and goes each of Baseline Survey, i.e. data cell
Value subtracts the corresponding average value for stimulating and preceding 100 milliseconds of data occur；1/5 down-sampling is carried out again；Then, all 30 passages
Data cell connect, and by being averaged out 10 round flicker, so as to construct the spy of each Chinese character button of correspondence
Levy vector；These characteristic vectors be input to using training data generate SVM classifier in, corresponded to respectively "Yes" and
2 fractions of "No"；Button corresponding to maximum SVM fractions is exactly the selected answer of subject；
5) statistical result is with assessing
Test result is counted, and assesses by accuracy rate the ability to exchange of subject；
Accuracy rate evaluation criteria：Accuracy rate is got by the number of correct task number divided by whole tasks.In order to
Weigh whether accuracy rate is higher than Random Level in statistical significance, the system corresponding to different number of tasks is calculated according to following equation
Count significant Random Level：
In formula, N represents the task number completed, and m is the number hit at random under many experiments, a be under many experiments with
The accuracy rate (being 0.5 here) of machine hit, λ is the accuracy rate needed for required reach significantly, and z is z of the standard just too in distribution
Value；For unilateral detection, when confidence level is 0.05, z values are 1.65, using above formula, and it is 0.05 that can calculate in confidence level
When, 50 subtasks reach that significant random accuracy rate is 61.4%；
If subject's hit rate is 100%, the subject can give 2 points in exchange subitem；If without whole lives
In but shoot straight in the random accuracy rate calculated, then the subject should have remaining ability to exchange, the subject
1 point can be given in exchange subitem；Otherwise the subject does not have the ability exchanged using the system, to 0 point.
The present invention compared with prior art, has the following advantages that and beneficial effect：
1st, the present invention assesses ability to exchange using brain-computer interface auxiliary CRS-R scales, is assessed compared with clinically simple scale
It is more sensitive, more objective.Simultaneity factor is stimulated using audio visual, improves the performance of system, than single vision and the system of single sense of hearing
More effectively.
2nd, the present invention not only can aid in scale to be estimated diagnosis, can be also used for observing the consciousness of disturbance of consciousness patient
State, rehabilitation efficacy and treatment curative effect etc., increase the diversity and susceptibility of clinical assessment method.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 aids in the interface schematic diagram that CRS-R scales exchange appraisal procedure based on brain-computer interface to be of the present invention.
Fig. 2 aids in the stimulation layout schematic diagram that CRS-R scales exchange appraisal procedure based on brain-computer interface to be of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Appraisal procedure is exchanged based on brain-computer interface auxiliary CRS-R scales described in the present embodiment, its concrete condition is as follows：
1) design brain machine interface system and experimentation approach clinic CRS-R scales exchanges subitem
Problem, " Yes/No " are pointed to as the scheme of material is stimulated from based on scene, and scene, which points to problem, to be included：" just now
I am either with or without touching ear", " I was either with or without touching nose just now" and " I was either with or without clapping hands just now”.Figure used in the present invention
Shape user interface (GUI) is as shown in Figure 1.For scene sensing problem, (such as I has just now in Fig. 1 directly over center when interface is presented
Do not touch ear), while Chinese character "Yes" and "No" are randomly placed at the GUI left side and the right.The size of two buttons is all
79 centimetres of cm x, the horizontal range of two Chinese character buttons is 4 centimetres.Headphone is fitted snugly on subject's head.Often
When secondary stimulation occurs, visual stimulus is that the background color of the button on the flicker of button, i.e. screen becomes green from black, and on button
Chinese character becomes black from white, and acoustic stimuli are the female voice recording of the Chinese character of flicker, and acoustic stimuli are simultaneously same with visual stimulus
Side occurs.
2) signal acquisition
We record scalp EEG signals using the SynAmps2 amplifiers of Neuroscan companies.In signal acquisition mistake
Cheng Zhong, subject wears the brain wave acquisition cap of LT37 types, occupies before the display of stimulated side, and the distance with display is about
1m, height of display is adjusted to the level of looking squarely.The sample frequency of brain wave acquisition amplifier is 250Hz, and in 0.1 to 30Hz scope
Interior carry out bandpass filtering.Experiment uses the brain of all 30 passages in addition to " HEOG " and " VEOG " for gathering electro-ocular signal
Electric signal.The EEG signals of all passages are dashed forward as reference with auris dextra, and during brain wave acquisition, the impedance value of all electrodes is all
Below 5k Ω.
3) detection process
Subject needs to do at least 2 times tests, specifically does in the present embodiment 6 times, and test every time needs to complete at least six
Selection task is specific in the present embodiment to complete 12 times.The data of test are used for the test of training pattern, then 5 times for the first time
By for obtaining final testing result.
Process such as Fig. 2 of each selection task, its situation is as follows：
1. propose that scene points to problem and plays instruction.At first, system is from three scene sensing problems
Any selection one is presented on center Screen above and below followed by instruction, while two Chinese character "Yes" and "No", respectively
Randomly it is illustrated in the left side and the right of graphic user interface.And laboratory technician need according on interface the problem of act at random.
As " I was either with or without touching ear just now in Fig. 2", then laboratory technician randomly chooses in face of patient touches ear or does not touch ear (Fig. 2
In touched ear), then putd question to patient.After laboratory technician's action is completed, instruction is played in both sides earphone.Instruction is
" look at answer always, the flashing times for number answer of writing from memory ".
2. stimulate and present, after instruction is finished, two Chinese character buttons enter row stochastic flicker, each Chinese character key flash 5
Secondary rear next key flash 5 times, each key flash ten times in selection task each time, and order in turn is random, every time
The time of flicker is at least 300 milliseconds, flash twice at intervals of 700-1500 milliseconds.
3. after the completion of flashing, result is presented on center Screen by system after generating date, continues at least 2 seconds,
It is specifically 4 seconds in the present embodiment.If correct, there is one " √ ", and the answer of selection occur, while playing drum in loudspeaker
Applause.If mistake, there is "×", and the answer of selection occur, loudspeaker do not play sound.
4. after result is presented, subject can rest at least 10 seconds.
4) data processing
Stimulate after the completion of presenting, the data collected are sent to computer and handled in real time by collecting device in real time, place
The detailed process of reason is as follows：
Signal carries out a bandpass filtering first, and filter range is 0.1-20Hz；All passages are stimulated 0-600 after occurring
The data of millisecond period are extracted；Then all data cells are done one and goes each of Baseline Survey, i.e. data cell
Value subtracts the corresponding average value for stimulating and preceding 100 milliseconds of data occur；1/5 down-sampling is carried out again；Then, all 30 passages
Data cell connect, and by being averaged out 10 round flicker, so as to construct the spy of each Chinese character button of correspondence
Levy vector；These characteristic vectors be input to using training data generate SVM classifier in, corresponded to respectively "Yes" and
2 fractions of "No"；Button corresponding to maximum SVM fractions is exactly the selected answer of subject.
5) statistical result is with assessing
We count 5 test results, and assess by accuracy rate the ability to exchange of subject.
Accuracy rate evaluation criteria：Accuracy rate is got by the number of correct task number divided by whole tasks.In order to
Weigh whether accuracy rate is higher than Random Level in statistical significance, the system corresponding to different number of tasks is calculated according to following equation
Count significant Random Level：
In formula, N represents the task number completed, and m is the number hit at random under many experiments, a be under many experiments with
The accuracy rate (being 0.5 here) of machine hit, λ is the accuracy rate needed for required reach significantly, and z is z of the standard just too in distribution
Value.For unilateral detection, when confidence level is 0.05, z values are 1.65.Using above formula, it is 0.05 that can calculate in confidence level
When, 60 subtasks reach that significant random accuracy rate is 60.4%.I.e. in 60 tasks, subject needs to reach at least 37
Correct response.
If subject's hit rate is 100%, the subject can give 2 points in exchange subitem；If without whole lives
In but shoot straight in the random accuracy rate calculated, then the subject should have remaining ability to exchange, the subject
1 point can be given in exchange subitem；Otherwise the subject does not have the ability exchanged using the system, to 0 point.
And in the present embodiment, the subject has hit 42 correct responses in 60 tasks, it is far longer than 37 times, because
This subject is judged as there is ability to exchange, and CRS-R exchanges subitem can give 1 point.
Examples of implementation described above are only the preferred embodiments of the invention, and the implementation model of the present invention is not limited with this
Enclose, therefore the change that all shape, principles according to the present invention are made, it all should cover within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of aid in the method that the exchange of CRS-R scales is assessed based on brain-computer interface, it is characterised in that comprises the following steps：
1) design brain machine interface system and experimentation approach clinic CRS-R scales exchanges subitem
Problem, " Yes/No " are pointed to as the scheme of material is stimulated from based on scene, and scene, which points to problem, to be included：" I had just now
Do not touch ear", " I was either with or without touching nose just now" and " I was either with or without clapping hands just now”；In order to improve brain machine interface system
Performance, stimulated from audio visual, problem is located at the surface at interface, two Chinese character "Yes" and "No" are presented on figure use at random
The left side and the right at family interface, subject need to take earphone；When stimulation occurs every time, visual stimulus is the flicker of button, i.e.,
The background color of Chinese character button on screen becomes green from black, and Chinese character becomes black from white on button, and acoustic stimuli are these
The female voice recording of Chinese character, the same side occurs simultaneously with visual stimulus for acoustic stimuli；
2) signal acquisition
Subject takes brain wave acquisition cap in the case where being identified awakening, and in face of display, height of display is held with sight
Flat, the sample frequency of brain wave acquisition amplifier is 250Hz, and carries out in the range of 0.1 to 30Hz bandpass filtering；Experiment is used
The EEG signals of all 30 passages in addition to " HEOG " and " VEOG " of collection electro-ocular signal；The EEG signals of all passages
Dashed forward with auris dextra as reference, during brain wave acquisition, the impedance value of all electrodes is all below 5k Ω；
3) detection process
Each subject needs to do at least 2 times tests, and test every time needs to complete at least six selection task, tests for the first time
Data be used for training pattern, and test below is by for obtaining final testing result；
The process of each selection task is as follows：
1. propose that scene points to problem
At first, the scene that experimental duties occurs above screen in system points to problem and instruction, while two Chinese
Word "Yes" and "No", are randomly illustrated in the left side and the right of graphic user interface respectively；And laboratory technician is needed according on interface
The problem of act at random, laboratory technician action complete after, instruction both sides earphone play；
2. stimulate and present, after instruction is finished, two Chinese character buttons enter row stochastic flicker, after each Chinese character key flash 5 times
Next key flash 5 times, each key flash ten times in selection task each time, and order in turn is random, flicker every time
Time be at least 300 milliseconds, flash twice at intervals of 700-1500 milliseconds；
3. after the completion of flashing, result is presented on center Screen by system after generating date, continues at least 2 seconds, if just
Really, then there is one " √ ", and the answer of selection occur, while playing brouhaha in loudspeaker, if mistake, "×" occur,
And there is the answer of selection, loudspeaker do not play sound；
4. after result is presented, subject's rest；
4) data processing
Stimulate after the completion of presenting, the data collected are sent to computer and handled in real time by collecting device in real time, processing
Detailed process is as follows：
Signal carries out a bandpass filtering first, and filter range is 0.1-20Hz；All passages are stimulated after occurring 0-600 milliseconds
The data of period are extracted；Then all data cells are done into one goes each value of Baseline Survey, i.e. data cell to subtract
Remove the corresponding average value for stimulating and preceding 100 milliseconds of data occur；1/5 down-sampling is carried out again；Then, the number of all 30 passages
Connected according to unit, and by being averaged out 10 round flicker, thus construct the feature of each Chinese character button of correspondence to
Amount；These characteristic vectors are input in the SVM classifier generated using training data, "Yes" and "No" are corresponded to respectively
2 fractions；Button corresponding to maximum SVM fractions is exactly the selected answer of subject；
5) statistical result is with assessing
Test result is counted, and assesses by accuracy rate the ability to exchange of subject；
Accuracy rate evaluation criteria：Accuracy rate is got by the number of correct task number divided by whole tasks, in order to weigh
Whether accuracy rate is higher than Random Level in statistical significance, and the statistics corresponding to different number of tasks is calculated according to following equation and is shown
The Random Level of work：
<mrow>
<mi>&lambda;</mi>
<mo>=</mo>
<mo>{</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>-</mo>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>m</mi>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
<mi>z</mi>
<msqrt>
<mn>0.5</mn>
</msqrt>
</mrow>
<mrow>
<mn>2</mn>
<mi>N</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mi>N</mi>
<mo>+</mo>
<mn>3</mn>
<mo>)</mo>
</mrow>
</mrow>
</mfrac>
<mo>}</mo>
<mo>+</mo>
<mi>z</mi>
<msqrt>
<mfrac>
<mrow>
<mi>a</mi>
<mrow>
<mo>(</mo>
<mn>1</mn>
<mo>-</mo>
<mi>a</mi>
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<mi>N</mi>
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In formula, N represents the task number completed, and m is the number hit at random under many experiments, and a is ordered at random under many experiments
In accuracy rate, λ is the accuracy rate needed for required reach significantly, and z is the z values during standard is just distributed very much；
If subject's hit rate is 100%, the subject can give 2 points in exchange subitem；If without all hit but
Shoot straight in the random accuracy rate calculated, then the subject there should be remaining ability to exchange, the subject is handing over
Flowing subitem can be to 1 point；Otherwise the subject does not have the ability exchanged using the system, to 0 point.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109431499A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-08 | 杭州师范大学 | Auxiliary system and householder method are nursed by plant person family |
| CN111714120A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-09-29 | 广东食品药品职业学院 | Brain-computer interface system capable of evaluating visual positioning ability and application thereof |
| CN112022155A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-12-04 | 广东食品药品职业学院 | Brain-computer interface system capable of evaluating auditory behaviors of patient with disturbance of consciousness |
| CN113576496A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-11-02 | 华南理工大学 | Vision tracking brain-computer interface detection system |
-
2017
- 2017-03-07 CN CN201710130264.2A patent/CN107080521A/en active Pending
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109431499A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-03-08 | 杭州师范大学 | Auxiliary system and householder method are nursed by plant person family |
| CN109431499B (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2021-07-30 | 杭州师范大学 | Botanic person home care auxiliary system and auxiliary method |
| CN111714120A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-09-29 | 广东食品药品职业学院 | Brain-computer interface system capable of evaluating visual positioning ability and application thereof |
| CN112022155A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-12-04 | 广东食品药品职业学院 | Brain-computer interface system capable of evaluating auditory behaviors of patient with disturbance of consciousness |
| CN113576496A (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2021-11-02 | 华南理工大学 | Vision tracking brain-computer interface detection system |
| CN113576496B (en) * | 2021-07-08 | 2022-05-20 | 华南理工大学 | Vision tracking brain-computer interface detection system |
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Application publication date: 20170822 |