CN107079146A - Raising sensing type picture depth for automatic stereo video display - Google Patents
Raising sensing type picture depth for automatic stereo video display Download PDFInfo
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- CN107079146A CN107079146A CN201480082019.3A CN201480082019A CN107079146A CN 107079146 A CN107079146 A CN 107079146A CN 201480082019 A CN201480082019 A CN 201480082019A CN 107079146 A CN107079146 A CN 107079146A
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- display device
- stereoscopic display
- automatic stereoscopic
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
- H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
Abstract
The single pixel of video display can show each corresponding pixel of multiple views.In other words, compared to the physical picture element for the video display generally supported, video display can include the more multi views of autostereoscopic image.Physical picture element is time division multiplexing in the following areas：Physical picture element shows the pixel of a view with given time interval, and view multiplexer makes the light from physical picture element deflect predetermined angular so that pixel occurs at the position corresponding to the pixel of view.In another time interval, physical picture element shows the pixel of different views, and view multiplexer makes the light from physical picture element deflect different predetermined angulars so that pixel occurs at the position corresponding to the pixel of different views.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates generally to a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device, more particularly to a kind of with the projection depth significantly improved
Automatic stereo video display.
Background technology
Traditional automatic stereoscopic display device makes beholder using lens array or disparity barrier or other view selectors
An eyes can see multiple pixels of display, and make the another eyes of the beholder it can be seen that the display
Some other pixels.Isolated by the pixel for the display that can see to each eye, the stereopsis of two visual fields
It can present over the display.The independent visual field for being presented to each eye is generally used for making beholder perceive 3-D view.
Current three-dimensional display projects about several centimetres of perceived depth.That is, most of automatic stereoscopic display devices
No more than about 1-2 centimetres of a part of image is projected before display, no more than about 1-2 centimetres of a part of image is thrown
It is mapped to behind display.Some automatic stereoscopic display devices are it is said that the perceived depth that can be projected is up to one foot, i.e., about 30 centimetres.So
And, this display is perplexed by optical aberration, such as bad in addition to projecting the project of near surface of display
Focus on.
One of main difficulty of the bigger depth of projection is the optical artifacts in lens array, and lens array is generally used for
Select the different visual fields that can be watched by each eye of human viewers.Such a effect is the given part of image
It can be seen in two or more places, such as in two or more lenticular bodies of lens array.Other effects include tool
Have it is very short it is projection distance (such as only several centimetres), be generally difficult the optical aberration that is aware.
Accordingly, it would be desirable to which a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device, wherein significantly larger projection perceived depth can be realized, does not have simultaneously
There is undesirable defect.
The content of the invention
According to the present invention, by observing the relation between desired projection depth and the design of automatic stereoscopic display device, bag
The focal length and multiple views of the lenticular body of lens array are included, automatic stereoscopic display device provides extremely deep projected area, than
Such as seem with 1 meter or more of depth.For disparity barrier automatic stereoscopic display device, focal length is disparity barrier and with multiple
The distance between underlying display of view.
For the given automatic stereoscopic display device with the focal length of lens and number of views specified, the relation indicates generation
The projection depth of lens crosstalk.In some configurations, approximation method can be used for simplifying the relation so that projection depth directly with Jiao
It is associated away from the product with number of views.
Automatic stereoscopic display device configuration typically specify view selector (such as lens array), and the focal length that it has is long-range
The typical focal length seen in traditional automatic stereoscopic display device view selector.This focal length in the lenticular body of lens array
Away from one of challenge be that multiple optical aberrations become apparent and do not known.
In order to reduce these optical aberrations, the lenticular body of lens array includes first quarter moon-cylindrical lens, more flat to provide
Visual field.
As a result, the projection of the automatic stereoscopic display device of projection depth much beyond traditions of automatic stereoscopic display device is deep
Degree, and the influence of such as lens crosstalk and visual field bending is still avoided that simultaneously.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows according to the present invention and combines a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device of human viewers, and shows one
The plan of 3D region, in the 3D region, the element that automatic stereoscopic display device can be to show on projection display.
Fig. 2 shows Fig. 1 automatic stereoscopic display device and beholder, and shows the throwing of the pictorial element behind display
Penetrate.
Fig. 3 shows Fig. 1 automatic stereoscopic display device and beholder, and shows the throwing of the pictorial element before display
Penetrate.
Fig. 4 shows Fig. 1 automatic stereoscopic display device and beholder, and shows the reduction realized according to the present invention
Field curvature.
Fig. 5,6 and 7 are the section view of the lenticular body of the corresponding embodiment of the lens array according to Fig. 1 of the present invention.
Embodiment
According to the present invention, projected area 120 (wherein, automatic stereoscopic display device includes lens array 100 and display 110)
Depth 130 (Fig. 1) improve significantly to such as 1 meter or more, this is the depth that can be seen in traditional automatic stereoscopic display device
20-30 times of degree, by determining the relation between depth 130 and automatic stereoscopic display device configuration, a part for display 110 can
With visible in multiple positions (lens crosstalk).The relation, which is established, makes the restricted configuration of lens crosstalk minimization.For expecting
Depth 130, once it is determined that the relation, automatic stereoscopic display device is configured to meet or more than automatic stereoscopic display device configuration,
To ensure that lens crosstalk occurs for the projection depth only beyond depth 130.
Automatic stereoscopic display device includes the focal length of each lenticular body of lens array 100, and is presented in display 110
Multiple views.Relatively deep projected area 120 is selected, the very long focal length of lens array 100 can be produced and shown
Show the view of the greater number of device 110.
" view " used herein refers to the image subset that beholder is presented to from certain viewing angles.It is used as example, it is considered to letter
Single automatic stereoscopic display device is helpful, and wherein human viewers a eyes can see each odd pixel column,
The another eyes of the beholder can see each even pixel row.Odd pixel column will generally represent a view, even
Number pixel column will generally represent another view.It should be appreciated that most automatic stereoscopic display device all has not only two
Individual view, moreover, how it is with this article that this very simple view is merely illustrative " view ".
In embodiment shown here, lens array 100 includes multiple vertical lenticular bodies, and it is according to one of beholder 10
The visual angle of eyes, make one in multiple view elements it is visible.That is, for by lens array 100 it can be seen that
Each view, each lenticular body of lens array 100 covers a part for that view, sometimes referred to herein as view
Element, and make that view elements from specified visual angle.It is electronic console (such as liquid crystal display) in display 110
Embodiment in, view elements are set of pixels.In the embodiment that display 110 is still image (such as poster), view member
Element can be the thin and tall of one of them in printing or the multiple views otherwise visually presented in display 110
Strip.
The design of lenticular body 100 and display 110 is since the projected depth 130 of selection projected area 120.It is shown here
Embodiment in, depth 130 is selected as 1 meter, is much deeper than any currently available automatic stereoscopic display device.
Fig. 2 show a case that it is a kind of will avoid, therefore, to the projected area 120 with depth 130 it is high-quality from
Dynamic three-dimensional display is provided with limit value.The left eye of beholder 10 sees a part for display 110 by lenticular body 500A, due to
Lenticular body 500A focal length, that part of display 110 is at point 202.Can also by lenticular body 500B and thoroughly
Each lenticular body between mirror body 500A and lenticular body 500B sees the same section of display 110.Light sentences angle from point 202
θ is propagated, and by lenticular body 500B with angleIt is bent to the left eye of beholder 100.Pass through the multiple of lens array 100
Mirror body makes the single part of display 110 be herein referred to as lens crosstalk by this phenomenon that beholder 10 sees.
The projected area 120 that lens array 100 and display 110 are configured to depth 130 provides minimum lens series
Disturb.
Fig. 2 angle is associated with each other, specific as follows：
These angles can be written over according to lens array 100, the size of display 110 and projected area 120.
In equation (2), S is the width of the spacing of the lenticular body of lens array 100, i.e. single lens body.N is according to thoroughly
The number of mirror body, offsets of the lenticular body 500B from lenticular body 500A.Thus, NS is lenticular body 500B inclined from lenticular body 500A
Shifting amount (is used as measurement distance).In equation (2), d is projection depth 220, i.e., to the lens array 110 being projected of point 202
Distance.The decline of equation (2) estimates arctan function using small angle approximation method, and it is suitable for lens array 100 and aobvious
Show most of actual embodiments of device 110.
In equation (3), D is distance 210, i.e., from lens array 110 to the distance of the eyes of beholder 10.Equation (3)
Decline arctan function is estimated using small angle approximation method, it is suitable for the most of lens array 100 and display 110
The actual embodiment of number.
AngleDepending on the size (δ) of a part for display 110, (part as single view is passed through list by it
Individual lenticular body and show), and depending on that a part from (f) with a distance from lenticular body 500B.Equation (4) is shown according to δ's and f
AngleAnd the index of refraction in lens n of lens array 1100。
Using equation (2), (3) and (4), equation (1) can be rewritten as follows：
When that can bring appreciable error, the small angle approximation method of arc-tangent value bel not applied to equation (5).
Number (the n for the view that display 110 is presentedv) size (δ) and lens sizes (S) with the part of display 110
It is associated, it is specific as follows：
In order that lens crosstalk minimization, N is chosen as one (1), to recognize between adjacent lens body may occur lens series
Configuration when disturbing.Using the relation of equation (6), N is set as 1, and applies some algebraically, to produce matching somebody with somebody for lens array 100
The following relation between display 110 is put, and for taking place between the adjacent lens body of the beholder at D
Maximum projection depth d during mirror crosstalk.
As shown in Figure 3, for the part of the display 110 projected towards beholder 10, similar relation is also observed,
The relation is as follows：
In the case where D is much larger than d, 1/D can be approximated to be zero.As a result, equation (7) and (8) and then can be by
It is expressed as：
2nvF=d (9)
In equation (8), d represents distance 320 (Fig. 3), and it is selected as identical distance 210 in the embodiment with diagram
(Fig. 2).
The particular measurement value 2d tables of the depth 130 of the projected area 120 of lens crosstalk may occur between adjacent lens
Show：
2d=4nvf (10)
Equation (10) provides the design guidelines of lens array 100 and display 110, to avoid the situation of lens crosstalk
The desired depth 130 of lower offer projected area 120.Especially, the focal length of the lenticular body of lens array 100 and the institute of display 110
The number of views of offer is selected so that four (4) times at least desired depth of their products.
If the design of the depth of projected area needs higher precision, it can not consider in above-mentioned equation (1)-(10)
The approximation method of use.The equation (10) of the accurate version of gained is as follows：
It should be observed that because D becomes very large relative to other numerical value in equation (11), therefore equation (11) is approximate
For equation (10).
It is taken as the illustrative examples of equation (10), it is considered to which the depth 130 of projected area 120 is 1 meter.In order to by this reality
It is existing, the product of the focal length of the number of views of display 110 and the lenticular body of lens array 100 should be at least 1 meter four/
One, or 25 centimetres.Typical traditional design is by including 8 views and 1 millimeter of focal length, and the projected area provided has most
Big depth about 3.2cm, while also avoid lens crosstalk.However, lens array 100 and the size of the requirement of display 110 are much
Size needed for expectation projection depth is realized.If for example, lens array 100 is designed to include that focal length is 1 centimetre
Lenticular body, display 110 is designed to include 25 views, and projected area 120 is by with 1 meter of depth capacity 130, while very
Less or there is no a lens crosstalk.
In the case of without using equation (10) and (11), current trend is to make automatic stereoscopic display device (still image
And dynamic monitor) thinner and with higher visual resolution.This direct phase of extension with the focal length of the lenticular body of lens array
Instead, to significantly improve the perceived depth of the automatic stereoscopic display device that equation (10) is proposed.In the above-described example, by conventional lenses
The focal length of body increases by 1000% (from 1mm to 1cm), and it is individual that the number of view increased into 25 (25), can will regard depth
Improve 3000% (from 3.2cm to 1m).
In the case where sacrificing the thinness of lens array, the lenticular body of the width of lenticular body is significantly greater than for focal length, its
The perceived depth for very substantial increasing automatic stereoscopic display device can be provided, and do not cause lens crosstalk.In above-mentioned reality
In example, the focal length that lenticular body has is ten (10) times of its width, and in the case of without lens crosstalk there is provided be depending on depth
30 (30) regarding depth of conventional autostereoscopic display times.It is only five (5) times even only three of its width for focal length
(3) lenticular body again, can still provide significant result.
Following table provides multiple examples that depth is regarded without crosstalk of the automatic stereoscopic display device according to above equation (10).
As used in this article, level above resolution ratio (ppi) row mark " (× 3) ", " (× 6) ", " (× 8) " and
" (× 12) " refer to the application of one or more of following technology：(i) in August in 2010 25 days by Richard A.Muller
Doctor submit U.S. Patent application 12/868,038 " the raising type resolution ratio of automatic stereo video display " (hereinafter referred to as '
038 patent application) described in sub-pixel remap, and (ii) is won on December 15th, 2010 by Richard A.Muller
(hereinafter referred to as ' 552 are special for the U.S. Patent application 12/969,552 " automatic stereo video display raising type resolution ratio " that scholar submits
Profit application) described in picture point time multiplexing.Both descriptions are incorporated by reference into herein.
The sub-pixel instructed in the patent application of ' 083, which is remapped, to be taught the horizontal resolution for how making video display and increases
It is three times greater." (× 3) " mark represents that the technology is used only.The time multiplexing instructed in the patent application of ' 552 teach how
The horizontal visual resolution of video display is set to double or many times, so that horizontal visual resolution to be scaled to 2 integral number power.
" (× 8) " refer to make using the layer of three (3) times the horizontal visual resolution of display to increase by 8 times." (× 6) " and " (× 12) " are marked
Note refers to that the three times of the horizontal visual resolution described in the patent application of ' 083 are regarded with the level described in the patent application of ' 552 and differentiated
The respective individual layer of rate is double and double-deck four times of combination.
It should be appreciated that the unit for the horizontal resolution specified in Table A is pixel/inch (ppi), and non-dots/inch
(dpi).In addition, the resolution ratio of smart mobile phone and tablet personal computer is considered using the apple purchased from California Ku Bitinuo cities
The resolution ratio of the iPhone and iPad products of the Retina displays of fruit company, it is said that provide resolution ratio reached 326 pixels/
Inch.
Generally, in the case where not using equation (10) and equation (11), the present trend of automatic stereoscopic display device is
It is to make minimizing thickness.Generally, in automatic stereoscopic display device quality that be between higher level visual resolution and number of views
Carry out appreciable balance.In order to avoid view loses, lenticular body will generally keep relatively shallower (short focus) and wider.Lens
The either shallow of body maintains the thinness of automatic stereoscopic display device, but limits the focal length of lenticular body.Lenticular body width allows each saturating
There are more views behind mirror body.Correspondingly, in traditional automatic stereoscopic display device, lenticular body focal length (f) is wide with lenticular body
The ratio spent between (S) is relatively low, and usually no more than about 1:1.
However, equation (10) and (11) show the numerical value of the lenticular body focal length dramatically increased.Correspondingly, according to the present invention
And the ratio between the lenticular body focal length (f) and lenticular body width (S) in the automatic stereoscopic display device designed is significantly larger.This ratio
Rate is herein referred to as lenticular body length-width ratio.As shown in above Table A, lenticular body length-width ratio is generally at least 2.5:1,
More common is 3:1、4:1、5:1、6:1,10 are even greater than in some displays:1.The result is that 1 inch of wide bookmark can
With the error free perceived depth with about 12.8 inches.Equally, 46 " digital TV in high resolution can have about 1 meter of error free sense
Know depth.Automatic stereo smart mobile phone display can have the perceived depth more than five (5) inches, automatic stereo tablet personal computer
Display can have the error free perceived depth more than six (6) inches.The display of large-scale billboard size can have super
Cross 20 feet of even up to 48 feet of error free perceived depths.
The nothing that these maximum error free perceived depths can be realized considerably beyond any existing automatic stereoscopic display device
Error perceived depth.The exemplary minimum rate of maximum error free perceived depth and display width is outlined in following table C.
It is much to have actual limitation for lens length-width ratio in automatic stereoscopic display device.Figure 10 is illustrative.
Assuming that lenticular body 1002 has focal length 1004 (f) and width 1006 (S), the viewing at viewing distance 1008 is " most
The width 1010 of good point " meets below equation：
In equation (12), W is the width 1010 for watching Best Point, and D is viewing distance 1008.The definition of Best Point is,
The eyes of beholder 10 see the position of the view corresponding to identical lens body (such as lenticular body 1002).If width 1010 is not
It is entirely the intraocular distance 1012 of beholder 10, then beholder 10 will not pass through identical lenticular body and see left view and the right side
View, and autostereoscopic image will likely not see Chu.In addition, beholder 10 can be remained to correctly on his head with left-right rotation
See that the amount of autostereoscopic image meets below equation in ground：
In equation (13), WSSIt is that beholder 10 can remain to correctly see automatic stereo figure with his head of left-right rotation
The amount of picture, E is the intraocular distance 1012 of beholder 10.Generally adult beholder intraocular is apart from about 2.4 inches.Herein, see
The person of seeing 10 can remain to see that the amount of autostereoscopic image is sometimes referred to as actual viewing Best Point with his head of left-right rotation.
The actual viewing of various types of displays in the upper Table A at different viewing distances is shown in following table C
Best Point WSS。
Table C
As can be seen that the handheld apparatus generally seen at about two (2) feet has about 2.5-6.6 from table B
Lens length-width ratio and the actual viewing Best Point of about 1.24-7.2 inches of correspondence.Hand-held display device can be easily
Tilted by beholder 10, to find actual Best Point, therefore for hand-held display device, only 1.24 inches of reality is most
Good point is not especially bad.Usually, about 17 inches diagonally opposed of size of maximum handheld apparatus display.Therefore, only
The lens length-width ratio of this display is wanted to be less than 7, then beholder 10 should be able to correctly perceive automatic stereoscopic display device.
More typically, see larger display, such as television set and poster from the place far of about eight (8) feet, have
When be digital frame and tablet personal computer (when as digital frame).The display of these types has about 4-9.6 lens
Length-width ratio and about 21.6-7.6 inches of the actual viewing Best Point of correspondence, is that beholder 10 moves his head correctly to see
See that automatic stereoscopic display device provides sufficient space.
Although it is that at most single viewer can be correctly that only 7.6 inches of practical viewing Best Point, which may be sounded like,
Seeing that the head of two beholders of automatic stereoscopic display device or possibility is awkwardly close together can correctly see automatically
Three-dimensional display it should be appreciated that have many practical viewing Best Points 7.6 inches wide.Especially, Best Point is watched
(being in this illustration 10 inches) continuously repeats in the visible range of automatic stereoscopic display device.Only when the eye of beholder 10
During border between the adjacent viewing Best Point that eyeball is seen across eyes, the viewing and automatic vertical behind two different lenticular bodies
Body viewing is inappropriate.In this case, his head only need to be lifted 1.2 inches by beholder 10 in either direction, with
Just eyes are made to be positioned at view single (site) Best Point.In at that viewing Best Point, beholder 10 can be 7.6 inches wide
His mobile head in space.
Generally from as far as about 20 (20) feet, i.e., through big room viewing TV and other giant displays.These
The display of type has about 2.16-12 lens length-width ratio and the actual viewing of about 17.6-108.6 inches of correspondence optimal
Point, moves his head correctly to watch the space that automatic stereoscopic display device provides abundance for beholder 10.
When viewing distance change is big, the width of actual viewing Best Point becomes more and more unrestricted.Very big aobvious
Show in device, such as billboard and big poster, generally watch display from 100 feet aways.The display of these types has big
About 3.33-25 lens length-width ratio and the actual viewing of the correspondence of about 45.6-357.6 inches (about four (4) are to 30 feet) are most
It is good, move his head correctly to watch the space that automatic stereoscopic display device provides abundance for beholder 10.
One of the challenge of lens array of manufacture with this long-focus is that optical aberration is quite big, for the vertical of beholder
Body viewing experience is very unfavorable.Fig. 4 shows a kind of such aberration, the commonly known as curvature of field.The lenticular body of conventional lens array
Focused on along bending visual field 404.However, this small focal length used in conventional convex lens is so that this aberration is at most of visual angles
Under can hardly be noticed by beholder.Simply modification conventional lens array reaches that ten (10) times of focal length as described above will make
This aberration under most of visual angles clearly.Lens array 100 is designed to provide more flat than conventional lens array
Visual field.This planarization is similar to the planarization for passing through and being realized using " Petzval condition " in spherical lens, " Petzval bar
Part " is known equation, and it is commonly used to spherical lens rather than cylindrical convex lens as described herein.
Fig. 5 shows the cross section of the single lens body 500 of lens array 100 (Fig. 1).Lenticular body 500 (Fig. 5) includes half
The moon-cylindrical lens 502.As it is used herein, " cylinder " is not limited to the cylinder with circular cross section.First quarter moon-circle
Column lens 502 include proximal end face 502P and distal surface 502D, width 508 and thickness 514.Proximal end face 502P is convex
, distal surface 502D is recessed.In the illustrative embodiment, width 508 and thickness 514 are (1) millimeter (mm).
In one embodiment, proximal end face 502P and distal surface 502D radius of curvature are 1.29mm.In addition, first quarter moon-cylinder is saturating
Mirror 502 is separated by thickness 510 for 9mm glass or plastic transparent material 506 with display 110.
In another embodiment, hyaline layer 506 is typically air, nitrogen or some other gases.Fig. 8 shows lens
Array 800, wherein hyaline layer 806 are air.In order to avoid moisture or any it may haze or otherwise reduce hyaline layer
The thing of 806 transparency, hyaline layer 806 comes with surrounding air isolation.In order to prevent the change of ambient air pressure from making
Warpage occurs for lens array 800, and hyaline layer 806 is connected to bladder 804, can flow freely into so as to the air of hyaline layer 806 and
Flow out bladder 804.Therefore, the air pressure in hyaline layer 806 is balanced with the air pressure outside hyaline layer 806, so as to keep away
Exempt from lens array 800 and occur warpage.For illustrative purposes, shown bladder 804 substantially amplifies.Generally, bladder 804 should
It is as small as possible and not noticeable when being designed to, while remain to receive and discharge a certain amount of air, so as to accommodate it is maximum and
The ambient air pressure of minimum expected, without significantly affecting air pressure or limitation air stream.
One of advantage of air hyaline layer between lens array and multi-view display (such as display 110) is lens array
The nonreentrant surface of row can be located towards display 110, as shown in Figure 9.This allows the flat surfaces of lens array 900 to be easy to
Cleaning, and the nonreentrant surface of the lenticular body of lens array 900 is simply encased into the air space of hyaline layer 906.
Fig. 5 is returned to, in this illustrative embodiment, first quarter moon-cylindrical lens make with this long-focus, ten (10) times
The visual field of the lenticular body 500 of thickness 514 is planarized significantly.
Other designs of lenticular body 500 also reduce other aberrations, such as coma and circular aberration.Coma it is well known that
Here is omitted.Lenticular body with circular-cylindrical proximal end face has two-dimentional aberration (this paper similar to spherical aberration
In sometimes referred to as " circular aberration "), it is also it is well known that here is omitted.
Visual field is further planarized from more extreme angle and reduce one embodiment of other aberrations in proximal end face
There is 1.894mm radius of curvature on 502P, there is 2.131mm radius of curvature on distal surface 502D.In addition, near-end table
Face 502P and distal surface 502D can reduce circular aberration by the way that non-circular (such as parabola shaped) cross section is made.
The cross section of another embodiment of lenticular body 500 is shown as lenticular body 600 (Fig. 6).In addition, first quarter moon-cylinder is saturating
Mirror 602 has the distal surface 602D that the proximal end face 602P that radius of curvature is 1.894mm and radius of curvature are 2.131mm, thick
Degree 614 is 0.5mm.In addition, lenticular body 600 includes planoconvex spotlight 604, it has the proximal end face that radius of curvature is 9.302mm
604P.Lenticular body 600 includes and lenticular body 500 (Fig. 5) identical hyaline layer.
Another embodiment of lenticular body 500 and 600 is lenticular body 700 (Fig. 7).Lenticular body 700 includes near-end first quarter moon-circle
Column lens 702 and distal end first quarter moon-cylindrical lens 704.Near-end first quarter moon-cylindrical lens 702 are directly similar to first quarter moon-cylinder
Lens 502 (Fig. 5).Distal end first quarter moon-cylindrical lens 704 are opposite to that, and proximal end face 704P's and convex with spill is remote
End surfaces.In the illustrative embodiment, distal end first quarter moon-cylindrical lens 704 have and near-end first quarter moon-cylindrical lens 702
Identical size, in addition to convex surface and concave surface with reversion.
In certain embodiments, as the optical aberration produced by the lenticular body with abnormal long-focus by by
" the automatic stereo video of U.S. Patent application 12/969,552 that doctor RichardA.Muller submitted on December 15th, 2010
The method of the text of Fig. 5-7 and appended specification is reduced in the raising type resolution ratio of display ".That specification is by drawing
With being incorporated herein.
Above description is merely illustrative and not restrictive.The present invention is only by the complete of appended claims and its equivalent
Portion scope is limited.Claims appended below should be read to include all fall within the true spirit and scope of the present invention
Modification, modification, conversion and substitute equivalents.
Claims (84)
1. a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device, including：
Image, it includes multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only have one in the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
Described image is watched simultaneously through the lens array wherein from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is thrown
Penetrate and 3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has 2.5 to 18 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.4:1.
2. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
Four times of product and the ratio of the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device be at least 0.6:1.
3. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
Four times of product and the ratio of the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device be at least 0.9:1.
4. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is automatically controlled Dynamic Announce
Device；
The width of wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 6 inches；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.5:1.
5. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 4, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
Four times of product and the ratio of the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device be at least 1:1.
6. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 4, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
Four times of product and the ratio of the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device be at least 1.2:1.
7. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is automatically controlled Dynamic Announce
Device；
The width of wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 4 inches；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.5:1.
8. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 7, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
Four times of product and the ratio of the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device be at least 1:1.
9. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 7, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
Four times of product and the ratio of the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device be at least 1.2:1.
10. a kind of automatically controlled dynamic auto three-dimensional display, including：
Image, it contains multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only have one in the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
Described image is watched simultaneously through the lens array wherein from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is thrown
Penetrate and 3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has 5 to 18 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.25:1.
11. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 10, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.4:1.
12. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 10, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1:1.
13. a kind of automatically controlled dynamic auto three-dimensional display, comprising：
Image, it contains multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only have one in the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
Described image is watched simultaneously through the lens array wherein from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is thrown
Penetrate and 3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has 17 to 35 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.25:1.
14. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 13, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is shown with 1080p
The video content of display format.
15. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 14, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.8:1.
16. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 14, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1:1.
17. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 13, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is shown with WQXGA
The video content of display format.And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 1:1.
18. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 17, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1.5:1.
19. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 17, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 2:1.
20. a kind of automatically controlled dynamic auto three-dimensional display, comprising：
Image, it contains containing multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only have one in the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
Described image is watched simultaneously through the lens array wherein from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is thrown
Penetrate and 3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has at least 40 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.8:1.
21. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 20, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.9:1.
22. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 20, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1:1.
23. a kind of automatically controlled dynamic auto three-dimensional display, comprising：
Image, it contains multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only one in the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
Described image is watched simultaneously through the lens array wherein from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is thrown
Penetrate and 3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has at least 74 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.2:1.
24. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 23, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.4:1.
25. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 23, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.8:1.
26. a kind of static automatic stereoscopic display device, comprising：
Image, it contains multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only one the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
The figure is wherein watched simultaneously through the lens array from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is projected
3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has at least 28 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.6:1.
27. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 26, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.8:1.
28. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 26, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1:1.
29. a kind of static automatic stereoscopic display device, comprising：
Image, it contains multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only one the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
The figure is wherein watched simultaneously through the lens array from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is projected
3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has at least 56 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.3:1.
30. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 29, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.5:1.
31. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 29, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.8:1.
32. a kind of static automatic stereoscopic display device, including：
Image, it includes multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only one the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
The figure is wherein watched simultaneously through the lens array from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is projected
3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has at least 120 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.1:1.
33. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 32, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.2:1.
34. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 32, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.3:1.
35. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 32, wherein the width of the automatic stereoscopic display device is at least
576 inches.
36. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 35, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.25:1.
37. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 35, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.4:1.
38. a kind of static automatic stereoscopic display device, including：
Image, it includes multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only one the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
The figure is wherein watched simultaneously through the lens array from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is projected
3-D view is perceived in region；
Wherein described automatic stereoscopic display device has at least 100 inches of width；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.15:1.
39. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 38, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.2:1.
40. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 38, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.3:1.
41. a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device, comprising：
Image, it contains multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only one the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；And
The air gap, it is plugged between the view selector and described image；
The figure is wherein watched simultaneously through the lens array from two different visual angles make it that the three-dimensional in the perception is projected
3-D view is perceived in region.
42. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 41, wherein the air gap is filled with nitrogen.
43. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 41, further comprises：
Bladder, when the air gap is sealed, it maintains the sky by way of being connected with the air gap
Change of the constant pressure without considering environmental air pressure in gas gap.
44. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 41, wherein the lenticular body has the neighbouring the air gap
Nonreentrant surface.
45. a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device, comprising：
Image, it contains multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only one the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
Wherein the lens array is passed through from two different visual angles of the intraocular distance corresponding to 2.4 inches watch the figure simultaneously
As causing the viewing distance clear perception 3-D view in the three-dimensional projected area of the perception from least 12 inches；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.25:1.
46. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 45, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.4:1.
47. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 45, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.6:1.
48. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 45, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.9:1.
49. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 45, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1:1.
50. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 46, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is aobvious for automatically controlled dynamic
Show device.
51. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 50, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.4:1.
52. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 50, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.6:1.
53. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 50, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.9:1.
54. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 50, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1:1.
55. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 50, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1.2:1.
56. a kind of automatic stereoscopic display device, comprising：
Image, it contains multiple views；And
Lens array, it includes at least two lenticular bodies and is operably linked to described image, and makes described image
In the view only one the three-dimensional projected area entirely perceived from each visual angle；
Wherein the lens array is passed through from two different visual angles of the intraocular distance corresponding to 2.4 inches watch the figure simultaneously
As causing the viewing distance clear perception 3-D view in the three-dimensional projected area of the perception from least 48 inches；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.1:1.
57. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 56, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.2:1.
58. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 56, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.3:1.
59. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 56, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.5:1.
60. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 56, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.6:1.
61. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 56, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.8:1.
62. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 56, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1:1.
63. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 56, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is aobvious for automatically controlled dynamic
Show device；And
Wherein four times and (ii) automatic stereoscopic display device of the product of the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the amount of views
The ratio of width be at least 0.25:1.
64. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 63, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is shown with 1080p
The video content of display format.
65. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 63, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is shown with WQXGA
The video content of display format.
66. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 63, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.8:1.
67. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 66, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is shown with 1080p
The video content of display format.
68. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 66, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is shown with WQXGA
The video content of display format.
69. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 63, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.9:1.
70. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 63, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 1:1.
71. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 70, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is shown with 1080p
The video content of display format.
72. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 70, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is shown with WQXGA
The video content of display format.
73. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 57, wherein from two of the intraocular distance corresponding to 2.4 inches
Different visual angles are watched described image through the lens array and caused in the three-dimensional projected area of the perception from least simultaneously
60 inches of viewing distance clear perception 3-D view.
74. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 73, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.4:1.
75. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 73, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.8:1.
76. automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 56, wherein from two of the intraocular distance corresponding to 2.4 inches
Different visual angles are watched described image through the lens array and caused in the three-dimensional projected area of the perception from least simultaneously
96 inches of viewing distance clear perception 3-D view.
77. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 76, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is static display.
78. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 76, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.15:1.
79. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 76, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.2:1.
80. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 76, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.25:1.
81. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 80, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is static display.
82. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 76, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.3:1.
83. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 76, wherein the focal length of (i) described lenticular body and the number of views
The ratio of four times of the product of amount and the width of (ii) described automatic stereoscopic display device is at least 0.4:1.
84. the automatic stereoscopic display device according to claim 81, wherein the automatic stereoscopic display device is static display.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/US2014/052506 WO2016032424A1 (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2014-08-25 | Improved perceived image depth for autostereoscopic video displays |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107079146A true CN107079146A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
Family
ID=51656046
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201480082019.3A Pending CN107079146A (en) | 2014-08-25 | 2014-08-25 | Raising sensing type picture depth for automatic stereo video display |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP3186961A1 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20170045276A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN107079146A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2016032424A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110927986A (en) * | 2019-12-11 | 2020-03-27 | 成都工业学院 | Stereoscopic display device based on pixel pair |
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Also Published As
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| WO2016032424A1 (en) | 2016-03-03 |
| EP3186961A1 (en) | 2017-07-05 |
| KR20170045276A (en) | 2017-04-26 |
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Application publication date: 20170818 |