CN107069218B - Waveguide antenna and signal receiving system - Google Patents
Waveguide antenna and signal receiving system Download PDFInfo
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- CN107069218B CN107069218B CN201710320238.6A CN201710320238A CN107069218B CN 107069218 B CN107069218 B CN 107069218B CN 201710320238 A CN201710320238 A CN 201710320238A CN 107069218 B CN107069218 B CN 107069218B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/06—Waveguide mouths
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/24—Combinations of antenna units polarised in different directions for transmitting or receiving circularly and elliptically polarised waves or waves linearly polarised in any direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
A waveguide antenna comprising: a bottom plate; at least two connectors arranged on the bottom for externally accessing signals; the antenna units are equal in number to the connectors in number, are arranged on the bottom plate and are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the connectors; and an antenna housing connected to the base plate and covering the antenna units, wherein the antenna polarization directions of the two adjacent antenna units are vertical. The waveguide antenna solves the defects of large attenuation and poor anti-interference performance in the signal transmission process and improves the channel capacity and the signal transmission quality because the waveguide antenna is provided with a plurality of antenna units and the antenna polarization directions of two adjacent antenna units are vertical. The waveguide antenna and the leaky dual waveguide antenna are matched for receiving, so that a complete RF (radio frequency) link is formed, and the signal receiving system is applied to rail transit vehicle-ground communication, has the advantages of small attenuation in the signal transmission process and strong anti-interference performance, and simultaneously has high channel capacity and good signal transmission quality.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to a waveguide antenna used in rail transit communications and using MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology.
Background
Since the 21 st century, along with the rapid development of science and technology, people's life is increasingly modernized and socialized, so that higher requirements are put on the application of electronic technology, and not only are military communication or civil communication systems required to transmit information such as language, characters, images, data and the like with high quality, but also equipment is required to be broadband and miniaturized. An antenna is one of important components of a radio communication system as a means for radiating and receiving electromagnetic waves.
In civil communication systems, especially free wireless communication systems for rail transit, the channel capacity is continuously extended, the transmission distance is continuously extended, and in order to meet the communication quality, a high-power transmitter or a signal is often adopted to input signals to an antenna through amplification, so that the cost is greatly increased, and therefore, under the condition that the existing bandwidth is unchanged, a new communication technology, namely a Multiple-input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology is developed. The MIMO technology is to suppress channel fading by synchronous transmission and reception of wireless network signals through multiple antennas, improve channel capacity, and improve spectrum utilization. The technology is considered as an important way for realizing high-speed data transmission and improving transmission quality of a mobile communication system and a personal communication system in the future.
However, the antenna used in the MIMO technology is a free wireless mode, so that the method has the disadvantages of large attenuation of signals and poor anti-interference performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel waveguide antenna for solving the defects of large attenuation and poor anti-interference performance of the antenna in the conventional MIMO technology.
A waveguide antenna comprising: a bottom plate; at least two connectors arranged on the bottom for externally accessing signals; the antenna units are equal in number to the connectors in number, are arranged on the bottom plate and are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the connectors; and an antenna housing connected to the base plate and covering the antenna units, wherein the antenna polarization directions of the two adjacent antenna units are vertical.
The waveguide antenna provided by the invention can also be characterized in that: the antenna unit comprises a metal frame body, a metal ladder block arranged in the metal frame body and a metal base plate connected with the metal frame body, wherein the metal base plate is electrically connected with the connector, and the bottom of the metal ladder block is electrically connected with the metal base plate.
The waveguide antenna provided by the invention can also be characterized in that: the metal step block is provided with an upper part and a lower part which is overlapped with the upper part in an up-down flush way, the upper part and the lower part are both cuboid, and the bottom surface of the lower part of the metal step block is contacted with the metal base plate.
The waveguide antenna provided by the invention can also be characterized in that: the cross sections of the metal frame bodies are rectangular, the length directions of two adjacent metal frame bodies are mutually perpendicular, and the outer end face of the upper part of the metal step block is in threaded press-fit contact with the inner wall of the long side of the metal frame body.
The waveguide antenna provided by the invention can also be characterized in that: wherein, the metal ladder block is positioned at the position of plus or minus 5mm of the midpoint of the long side of the metal frame body.
The waveguide antenna provided by the invention can also be characterized in that: wherein, the distance between the long side outer wall and the short side outer wall of two adjacent metal frames is 50mm to 100mm.
The waveguide antenna provided by the invention can also be characterized in that: the size of the metal frame body is the size of a standard rectangular waveguide tube.
The waveguide antenna provided by the invention can also be characterized in that: wherein the joint is a radio frequency joint made of brass nickel plating or stainless steel, and the bottom plate is an aluminum alloy plate.
The waveguide antenna provided by the invention can also be characterized in that: the antenna housing is made of wave-transparent material.
The invention also provides a signal receiving system supporting the MIMO technology, which is characterized in that: the signal receiving system uses the waveguide antenna and the leaky dual waveguide antenna to match and receive, and forms a complete radio frequency link to carry out signal receiving communication.
The actions and effects of the invention
According to the waveguide antenna provided by the invention, the waveguide antenna is provided with the plurality of antenna units, and the antenna polarization directions of the two adjacent antenna units are vertical, so that the waveguide antenna solves the defects of large attenuation and poor anti-interference performance in the signal transmission process, and improves the channel capacity and the signal transmission quality.
Meanwhile, in order to further improve the signal transmission quality, the invention also provides a signal receiving system supporting the MIMO technology, and the waveguide antenna and the leakage dual-waveguide antenna are used for matching and receiving, so that a complete RF (radio frequency) link is formed.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide antenna according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the waveguide antenna of the present invention with the radome removed;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit of the waveguide antenna of the present invention; and
fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a metal frame of the waveguide antenna of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the specific structure of the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a waveguide antenna according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the waveguide antenna of the present invention after the radome is removed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the waveguide antenna 100 of the present embodiment includes a chassis 10, a joint 20, an antenna unit 30, and a radome 40.
The bottom plate 10 is a rectangular aluminum alloy plate, and is provided with two mounting holes for mounting the two joints 20.
The connectors 20 are radio frequency connectors made of brass plated nickel or stainless steel, in this embodiment, the number of the connectors 20 is two (20 a, 20 b), and the connectors are installed on two installation holes of the base plate 10, and the signal wire conductive connection parts are exposed and externally used for accessing signals from the outside.
The number of the antenna units 30 is equal to the number of the connectors 20, and two antenna units are provided in this embodiment, and are disposed on the bottom and electrically connected to the connectors 20 respectively. The antenna polarization directions of the adjacent two antenna elements 30 are perpendicular as shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna unit of the waveguide antenna of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, each antenna unit 30 includes a metal frame 31, a metal step block 32 provided in the metal frame 31, and a metal base plate 33 connected to the metal frame 31. In this embodiment two antenna elements 30a and 30b are used.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a metal frame of the waveguide antenna of the present invention.
The metal frame 31 is a standard rectangular waveguide, the cross section is rectangular, as shown in fig. 4, the size parameters of the rectangular waveguide are designed and selected by referring to the "GB 11450.2-1989 hollow metal waveguide 2 nd part: related specification of common rectangular waveguide", in this embodiment, the standard R48 waveguide caliber is used, and the height is selected according to the actual situation. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, two metal frames 31 disposed adjacently are perpendicular to each other in the longitudinal direction, and the distance between the long side outer wall of one metal frame 31 and the short side outer wall of the other metal frame 31 is 50mm to 100mm, which is 50mm in this embodiment.
The metal step block 32 is located at the midpoint of the long side of the metal frame 31, and allows a deviation of plus or minus 5mm in actual production. The upper part and the lower part are rectangular, the bottom surface of the lower part is in contact with the metal base plate 33, and the outer end surface of the upper part is in contact with the long side inner wall of the metal frame 31 through screw thread pressing so as to conduct electricity. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, two metal step blocks 32 disposed adjacently are also perpendicular to each other in the longitudinal extension direction.
The metal base plate 33 is electrically connected to the connector 20 and insulated from the base plate 10 by an insulating material.
The metal frame 31 and the metal base plate 33 are integrally formed, and are made of aluminum alloy or copper alloy, and screw holes are formed in the edge positions of the metal base plate 33 and fixedly connected with the base plate 10 through bolts, so that insulation between the base plate 10 and the antenna unit 30 is maintained.
The radome 40 is connected to the base plate and covers the antenna unit 30, and is a radome made of a wave-transparent material in this embodiment.
Further, the embodiment also provides a signal receiving system supporting the MIMO technology, where the signal receiving system uses the waveguide antenna and the leaky dual waveguide antenna to match and receive, so as to form a complete RF radio frequency link to perform signal receiving communication.
Principle of operation analysis
The antenna element 30a is of one linear polarization and the antenna element 30b is of another linear polarization orthogonal to the polarization of the antenna element 30a (i.e., the antenna polarization directions of two adjacent antenna elements are perpendicular). Both the antenna unit 30a and the antenna unit 30b use waveguide transmission lines as antennas, that is, the waveguide transmission line theory, and by selecting appropriate cavity sizes a and b in the existing standard, as shown in fig. 4, electromagnetic wave propagation in a certain frequency band can be satisfied. One end of the antenna is used as an antenna to receive and emit high-frequency electromagnetic waves by feeding a waveguide (i.e., the metal housing 31) through the connector 10, and the other end is opened (i.e., the upper portion of the metal housing in fig. 2 and 3 is opened).
Effects and advantageous effects of the embodiment
According to the waveguide antenna provided by the embodiment, the waveguide antenna is provided with the plurality of antenna units, and the antenna polarization directions of the two adjacent antenna units are vertical, so that the waveguide antenna solves the defects of large attenuation and poor anti-interference performance in the signal transmission process, and improves the channel capacity and the signal transmission quality.
Furthermore, a metal ladder matching block is designed at the feed end of the waveguide tube, so that the requirement of input impedance matching is met, and the broadband operation requirement is further met.
Because the antenna polarization directions of two adjacent antenna units in the waveguide antenna of the embodiment are vertical in physical structure, the waveguide antenna of the embodiment rotates 90 degrees, and the two antenna units can be used interchangeably, so that the engineering applicability of the waveguide antenna is enhanced.
Meanwhile, in order to further improve the signal transmission quality, the invention also provides a signal receiving system supporting the MIMO technology, and the waveguide antenna and the leakage dual-waveguide antenna are used for matching and receiving, so that a complete RF (radio frequency) link is formed. Experiments and comparison show that compared with the microstrip antenna and the dipole antenna serving as receiving antennas, when the receiving antennas are matched with the leaky double waveguide antenna supporting the MIMO technology, the received signals are more stable, and the coupling performance is improved.
Claims (9)
1. A waveguide antenna comprising:
a bottom plate;
at least two connectors arranged on the bottom plate for accessing signals from outside;
the antenna units are equal to the connectors in number, are arranged on the bottom plate and are respectively and correspondingly electrically connected with the connectors; and
an antenna housing connected to the base plate and covering the antenna unit,
wherein the antenna polarization directions of two adjacent antenna units are vertical,
the antenna unit comprises a metal frame body, a metal ladder block arranged in the metal frame body and a metal base plate connected with the metal frame body,
the metal base plate is electrically connected with the connector,
the bottom of the metal ladder block is electrically connected with the metal base plate.
2. The waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that:
wherein the metal step block is provided with an upper part and a lower part which is overlapped with the upper part in a vertical flush way, the upper part and the lower part are both cuboid,
the bottom surface of the lower part of the metal ladder block is contacted with the metal base plate.
3. The waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that:
wherein the cross section of the metal frame body is rectangular,
the length directions of two adjacent metal frames are mutually perpendicular,
the outer end face of the upper part of the metal step block is in threaded press-fit contact with the inner wall of the long side of the metal frame body.
4. A waveguide antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that:
the metal step block is positioned at the position of plus or minus 5mm of the midpoint of the long side of the metal frame body.
5. A waveguide antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that:
wherein, the distance between the long side outer wall and the short side outer wall of two adjacent metal frames is 50mm to 100mm.
6. The waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the size of the metal frame body is the size of a standard rectangular waveguide tube.
7. The waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the joint is a radio frequency joint made of brass nickel plating or stainless steel, and the bottom plate is an aluminum alloy plate.
8. The waveguide antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the antenna housing is made of wave-transparent materials.
9. A signal receiving system supporting MIMO technology, characterized in that:
the signal receiving system uses the waveguide antenna of any one of claims 1-8 to match and receive with the leaky dual waveguide antenna to form a complete radio frequency link for signal receiving communication.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710320238.6A CN107069218B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Waveguide antenna and signal receiving system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710320238.6A CN107069218B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Waveguide antenna and signal receiving system |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN107069218A CN107069218A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
| CN107069218B true CN107069218B (en) | 2023-06-23 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201710320238.6A Active CN107069218B (en) | 2017-05-09 | 2017-05-09 | Waveguide antenna and signal receiving system |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202308307U (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-04 | 佛山市南海微波通讯设备有限公司 | Vertical-horizontal polarization multiple input multiple output (MIMO) base station plate type antenna |
| CN102782936A (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-11-14 | 捷讯研究有限公司 | Diversity antenna system comprising meander pattern antennas |
| EP2645474A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-02 | Alcatel Lucent | Distributed antenna system, building structure, vehicle, and communication system thereof |
| CN203377379U (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-01-01 | 佛山市三水多恩通讯电器设备有限公司 | 2400MHz dual polarized omnidirectional antenna |
| CN105896070A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-24 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Ultra-wideband microstrip antenna based on rectangular stepped structural fractal |
| CN206742500U (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-12-12 | 中电科微波通信（上海）股份有限公司 | Radiating guide and receiving system |
-
2017
- 2017-05-09 CN CN201710320238.6A patent/CN107069218B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102782936A (en) * | 2010-03-05 | 2012-11-14 | 捷讯研究有限公司 | Diversity antenna system comprising meander pattern antennas |
| CN202308307U (en) * | 2011-10-21 | 2012-07-04 | 佛山市南海微波通讯设备有限公司 | Vertical-horizontal polarization multiple input multiple output (MIMO) base station plate type antenna |
| EP2645474A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-02 | Alcatel Lucent | Distributed antenna system, building structure, vehicle, and communication system thereof |
| CN203377379U (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-01-01 | 佛山市三水多恩通讯电器设备有限公司 | 2400MHz dual polarized omnidirectional antenna |
| CN105896070A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-08-24 | 郑州轻工业学院 | Ultra-wideband microstrip antenna based on rectangular stepped structural fractal |
| CN206742500U (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-12-12 | 中电科微波通信（上海）股份有限公司 | Radiating guide and receiving system |
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| CN107069218A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
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