CN107064957A - A kind of many visual field laser radar detection system and methods measured for liquid water cloud - Google Patents
A kind of many visual field laser radar detection system and methods measured for liquid water cloud Download PDFInfo
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- CN107064957A CN107064957A CN201710217451.4A CN201710217451A CN107064957A CN 107064957 A CN107064957 A CN 107064957A CN 201710217451 A CN201710217451 A CN 201710217451A CN 107064957 A CN107064957 A CN 107064957A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/88—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S17/95—Lidar systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/10—Information and communication technologies [ICT] supporting adaptation to climate change, e.g. for weather forecasting or climate simulation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of many visual field laser radar detection system and methods measured for liquid water cloud, system includes laser radar transmitter module, laser radar receiving module and main control module；Wherein, laser radar transmitter module includes laser, beam expanding lens, polarizer, half-wave plate；Laser radar receiving module includes telescope, convex lens, electronic aperture, polarization beam apparatus, the first to the second photodetector, signal acquisition module；Laser, electronic aperture, signal acquisition module are connected with main control module respectively, and the first photodetector, the second photodetector are connected with signal acquisition module respectively.Method produces the laser emission of 532nm wavelength using laser, passes through two optics receiving channels：Parallel detection channels, vertical sounding passage, separately detect parallel, orthogonal polarized light, and Depolarization Ratio is calculated by two detection channels, utilize the slope and the liquid-water content and Effective radius of polarization saturation computation cloud particle of Depolarization Ratio.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of many visual field laser radar detection system and methods measured for liquid water cloud, and in particular to
Many visual field laser radar detection system and methods of cloud particle microphysical property, belong to cloud particle Detection Techniques in a kind of measurement cloud
Field.
Background technology
When analyzing weather conditions, the composition and characteristic of cloud particle are the important fingers for speculating future weather development trend
Mark, is monitored in real time to cloud particle, is more conducive to analyze the situation of air motion, the result of observation is to short-term weather forecast
There is profound meaning.Research to longer term climatic, cloud has radiation effects, influences the climate change of the whole earth, cloud is to temperature
Influence has even surmounted three times that carbon dioxide influences on temperature.Pattern is studied, the physical property of cloud is also a weight
The research direction wanted, height, cloud amount, the thickness of cloud and the cloud particle sub-feature of cloud, to weather forecast and inspection and weather mould
Setting up for type is of crucial importance.
In the detection of several physical quantitys of cloud, the microphysical property of detection cloud particle is the task of top priority, in cloud particle
Water particle physical aspect, the content of water, the size of water particle.The phase of cloud reclaimed water is a very important parameter index.Such as
Fruit detects the water content in cloud, it is assumed that the particle diameter distribution of water particle meets a certain particular kind of relationship in cloud, then the particle diameter in cloud
It can be derived between Spectral structure and water content with mathematical formulae, so, water content is particularly significant in research cloud.
So far, the method for various observation clouds is all used.Satellite remote sensing has the characteristics of its is unique, to complete on satellite orbit
The distribution of ball cloud is observed, in terms of cloud physics feature measurement, it can only go on the whole distinguish water phase be aqueous phase also
It is ice phase, but the water particle in cloud can not be made a distinction from microcosmic, and observation occurs when there is multiple-layer overlapped cloud
The problem of aspect, there is also problem in terms of the observation of low clouds.Airborne cloud particle measuring instrument is people's influence day conventional at present
The various parameters of cloud particle on aircraft flight path can be measured, can measure the particle diameter of cloud particle by the instrument of gas
And the water content in cloud, airborne cloud particle detector can be as a result more accurate with direct measurement cloud particle, but expense is relative
Other observed patterns are higher, and observation frequency is restricted.Common weather radar is due to the limitation of its wavelength, to the Microphysical of cloud
Property detection ability is also limited, with the development of millimeter-wave technology, and millimeter wave becomes the most frequently used means of observation cloud, compared to
Common weather radar, the wavelength of millimetre-wave radar is shorter, can preferably measure the phase of cloud, then passes through scanning device, millimeter
Ripple radar can detect the relevant parameter of the cloud in more than ten kilometers centered on radar, and laser radar more has compared to millimetre-wave radar
Its unique advantage：In terms of spatial resolution, the minimum value of its range resolution ratio is 1.5m, than the spatial discrimination of millimetre-wave radar
Ability is eager to excel；For wavelength, the wavelength of millimetre-wave radar one time is 3mm or 8mm, and for most of clouds, the wavelength is remote
More than the size of cloud particle, therefore its detectivity is somewhat limited certainly, especially to small particles in thin cloud
Detectivity, and the wavelength of laser radar is generally less than 1 micron, the detectivity to various particles in cloud is stronger, and can
Monitor the thin cloud of small particles that millimeter wave can not be monitored.Technical elements, the cost of millimetre-wave radar and the expense safeguarded compare
Costliness, compared to millimetre-wave radar, every technology of laser radar is ripe, and system is more succinct, the expense of operation maintenance
It is relatively lower, in popularization afterwards advantageously.But, traditional laser radar is only capable of measuring the laser under the single angle of visual field
Radar return, according to Mie scattering theories, the laser radar echo of the single angle of visual field can not reflect the yardstick spectrum information of cloud particle,
Therefore, many visual field laser radars have great importance for studying the Microphysical of cloud.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are：A kind of many visual field Airborne Lidars measured for liquid water cloud are provided
Examining system and method, using the Multiple Scattering effect of cloud particle, by changing the size of the angle of visual field, are obtained under the different angles of visual field
The Depolarization Ratio of cloud particle, and then obtain the radius and liquid-water content of cloud particle.
The present invention uses following technical scheme to solve above-mentioned technical problem：
It is a kind of for liquid water cloud measure many visual field Airborne Lidar examining systems, including laser radar transmitter module, swash
Optical radar receiving module and main control module；Wherein, laser radar transmitter module includes laser, beam expanding lens, polarizer, half-wave
Piece；Laser radar receiving module includes telescope, convex lens, electronic aperture, polarization beam apparatus, the first to the second photodetection
Device, signal acquisition module；The laser, electronic aperture, signal acquisition module are connected with main control module respectively, and the first photoelectricity is visited
Device, the second photodetector is surveyed to be connected with signal acquisition module respectively；Laser transmitting laser signal successively through beam expanding lens, partially
Shake after piece, half-wave plate vertically into air, the rear orientation light of cloud particle, rear orientation light warp in telescope vertical reception air
Convex lens become directional light, and directional light enters polarization beam apparatus through electronic aperture, and directional light is divided into level by polarization beam apparatus
Polarised light and orthogonal polarized light, pass to the first photodetector, the second photodetector respectively, and the first photodetector is by level
Polarised light is converted into electric signal and transmitted to signal acquisition module, and orthogonal polarized light is converted into electric signal by the second photodetector
And transmit to signal acquisition module, signal acquisition module gathers two electric signals and transmits the result to main control module respectively.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the laser uses YAG semiconductor lasers.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the telescope uses 200mm Cassegrain telescope, and its focal length is
2032mm。
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, first photodetector, the second photodetector are H10682-
The photomultiplier of 110 models.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal acquisition module uses the photon counting card of P7882 models.
A kind of many visual field laser radar detection methods measured for liquid water cloud, comprise the following steps：
Step 1, master control module controls laser produces 532nm laser, sequentially passes through beam expanding lens, polarizer, half-wave plate
Vertical Launch is into air；
Step 2, using the rear orientation light of cloud particle in telescope vertical reception air, rear orientation light planoconvex lens becomes
Into directional light, directional light enters polarization beam apparatus through electronic aperture, polarization beam apparatus by directional light be divided into horizontal polarization light and
Orthogonal polarized light, passes to the first photodetector, the second photodetector respectively, and the first photodetector turns horizontal polarization light
Turn to electric signal and transmit to signal acquisition module, the second photodetector by orthogonal polarized light be converted into electric signal and transmit to
Signal acquisition module, signal acquisition module carries out photon counting to two electric signals respectively and is sent to main control module, master control mould
Root tuber calculates Depolarization Ratio according to two photon countings；
Step 3, main control module adjusts the aperture of electronic aperture, and the process of repeat step 2, obtains under the different angles of visual field
Depolarization Ratio；
Step 4, the radius and liquid-water content of cloud particle are calculated according to Depolarization Ratio and Monte carlo algorithm, and data is entered
Row is preserved in real time.
The present invention uses above technical scheme compared with prior art, with following technique effect：
1st, many visual field laser radar detection system and methods of the invention, using the Multiple Scattering effect of cloud particle, using can
With the angle of visual field of the laser received by the electronic aperture of step-length adjustment aperture size, control laser radar reception system, to obtain
The horizontal polarization optical signal and vertical polarization optical signal under different visual fields are obtained, so as to be finally inversed by cloud liquid water content and cloud particle
Radius.
2nd, many visual field laser radar detection system and methods of the invention, are carried out distant using channel of polarization information to cloud layer characteristic
Feel inverting, system is succinct, and the expense of operation maintenance is relatively low, has good advantage in popularization afterwards.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of integrated stand composition of many visual field Airborne Lidar examining systems measured for liquid water cloud of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the typical legend of linear Depolarization Ratio.
Fig. 3 is to utilize the linear Depolarization Ratio legend of detection system of the present invention actual measurement gained.
Fig. 4 is the relation of liquid-water content and linear Depolarization Ratio.
Fig. 5 is the relation of cloud particle effective grain size and linear Depolarization Ratio.
Wherein, 1- lasers, 2- beam expanding lens, 3- polarizers, 4- half-wave plates, the speculums of 5- first, 6- telescopes, 7- second
Speculum, 8- convex lens, the electronic apertures of 9-, 10- polarization beam apparatus, the photodetectors of 11- first, the photodetectors of 12- second,
13- signal acquisition modules.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the present invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning
Same or similar element or element with same or like function are represented to same or similar label eventually.Below by ginseng
The embodiment for examining accompanying drawing description is exemplary, is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not construed as limiting the claims.
The present invention, using YAG crystal lasers as laser emitting source, produces 532nm using the Multiple Scattering effect of cloud
Laser emission, set laser work mode and its system initially to set by main control module (being not drawn into figure), using looking in the distance
Mirror receives the backscatter signal of cloud, and backscatter signal becomes directional light through lens.Totally 2 detections are logical for optics receiving portion
Road, one of them is used for detecting parallel polarization signal, and another is used for detecting vertical polarization signal, and two path signal uses photon
Numbered card is counted, and calculates according to Monte carlo algorithm the liquid-water content and efficient radius of cloud particle of water cloud.
The detection system is made up of laser radar transmitter module, laser radar receiving module and main control module.Wherein, respectively
Individual module includes separate unit, overall to be controlled by main control module, it is ensured that the stability of a system.Wherein, laser emission wavelength
For 532nm.Wherein, laser radar receiving module is using follow-up light paths such as Cassegrain telescope and narrow band pass filters.Wherein,
Data analysis shows that the data analysis system on main control module carries out analysis completion.
The premise detected using the system is, when laser works are in good condition, to be imitated using the Multiple Scattering of water cloud
Should, parallel polarized light and orthogonal polarized light are separately detected using narrow band pass filter, is finally inversed by by Monte Carlo principle in water cloud
Liquid-water content and efficient radius of cloud particle.Comprise the concrete steps that：
The initialization such as working method, System production time, system initial value, inverting initial value of laser is set to open in main control module
Dynamic information.Laser radar transmitter module control YAG crystal lasers produce the laser emission of 532nm wavelength.Using receiving and dispatching different axle
Cassegrain telescope receive echo under the different angles of visual field.Echo-signal becomes directional light by convex lens, is sent to respectively
Two detection channels, one of level detection passage is used to detect parallel polarized light, and another vertical sounding passage is used to visit
Survey orthogonal polarized light.The echo that two channel receptions are arrived converts optical signal into electric signal by photodetector.Signal is adopted
Collecting system carries out photon counting using P7882 photon countings card to two passages.Analyzed by main control module, in main control module
The photon signal collected is recorded, and is finally inversed by the effective radius of liquid-water content and cloud particle in water cloud, and is shown.Together
When, initial data and analysis result carry out arrangement preservation by main control module.
As shown in figure 1, the present invention detects many visual field laser radars of liquid-water content and efficient radius of cloud particle in water cloud
Detection system, the system includes：
Laser radar transmitter module：The module produces stable 532nm laser emissions by laser 1, and laser is by expanding
Its angle of divergence is compressed after beam mirror 2 to 0.2mrad, it is become linearly polarized light by linear polarizer 3, half-wave plate 4 changes laser
Polarization state, be transmitted into through 45 ° of first speculum 5 in air.
Laser radar receiving module：Using 200mm Cassegrain telescope 6, its focal length f=2032mm, the telescope
For receiving the back scattering energy from cloud and aerosol.Back scattering energy enters convex lens 8 by the second speculum 7,
Rear orientation light is changed into directional light by convex lens 8.The visual field of laser radar is automatically adjusted by the electronic aperture 9 of master control module controls
Angle, and make the change of aperture synchronous with the acquisition system of photon counting card, receive back scattering of the cloud particle under different visual fields
Photon.The signal received is divided into by horizontal channel and vertical channel by polarization beam apparatus 10.Using two photodetections
Device 11,12 is that H10682-110 photomultipliers are handled optical signal, optical signal is changed into electric signal, and signal is sent
To signal acquisition module 13.The signal that signal acquisition module 13 is collected using P7882 photon counting cards, and to collection
Signal is handled.
Main control module：Working method for setting electronic aperture, including the rotation step pitch of aperture and direction, system work
Before, main control module sends setting command to slave computer；Data analysis is an integration module of main control module, and the module will be adopted
The data collected are analyzed in real time, and according to the principle of Multiple Scattering, the liquid-water content of water cloud is calculated and displayed in real time
And efficient radius of cloud particle, main control module also complete the real-time preservation to gathered data and analysis result processing.
A kind of many visual field laser radar detection methods for measuring cloud particle sub-feature, comprise the following steps：
1) utilize laser radar transmitter module, control laser stabilization produce 532nm laser, sequentially pass through beam expanding lens,
Polarizer, half-wave plate are transmitted into air.
2) laser radar receiving module is utilized, the back scattering energy from cloud and aerosol is received.
3) angle of visual field of laser radar is automatically adjusted using main control module, cloud particle is received in different visual fields using telescope
Under back scattering photon.
4) light of receiving light path is divided into parallel polarized light and orthogonal polarized light using polarization beam apparatus, two is passed to respectively
Photodetector is detected.
5) optical signal of reception is changed into electric signal by photomultiplier using photodetector, and is transferred to signal
Acquisition module.
6) electric signal of horizontal channel and vertical channel is carried out photon counting using signal acquisition module, to the letter of collection
Number it is handled as follows：
The 1st, photon counting card working method and data acquisition time are set；
The 2nd, working method, step pitch and the step number of electronic aperture be set；
3rd, control software is set to make rotation and the data collection synchronous of aperture；
4th, the number of photons of two passages is gathered under the different angles of visual field, and calculates Depolarization Ratio；
5th, Microphysical (including liquid-water content and the cloud particle half of cloud are calculated according to Depolarization Ratio and Monte carlo algorithm
Footpath) and recorded.
7) signal of collection is analyzed in real time using main control module, and according to situation about being scattered under different visual fields, it is real
When calculate cloud particle radius and liquid-water content, and data are preserved in real time.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the typical legend of respectively linear Depolarization Ratio and utilization detection system of the present invention survey gained
Linear Depolarization Ratio legend.The ratio that passage 1, passage 2 are exported is Depolarization Ratio, and it includes two separate physical parameters：Move back
Partially than slope and polarization saturation degree (as shown in Figure 2)；By Monte Carlo, the slope of Depolarization Ratio only has with liquid-water content
Close (as shown in figure 4, upper right corner data represent every cubic metre of liquid-water content), and efficient radius of cloud particle is unrelated (such as Fig. 5 institutes
Show, upper right corner data represent cloud particle radius), it is hereby achieved that liquid-water content, depolarization saturation degree and liquid-water content with
And cloud particle radius is relevant, it is hereby achieved that the size of cloud particle radius.
The technological thought of above example only to illustrate the invention, it is impossible to which protection scope of the present invention is limited with this, it is every
According to technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme each falls within the scope of the present invention
Within.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of many visual field Airborne Lidar examining systems measured for liquid water cloud, it is characterised in that including laser radar hair
Penetrate module, laser radar receiving module and main control module；Wherein, laser radar transmitter module include laser, beam expanding lens, partially
Shake piece, half-wave plate；Laser radar receiving module includes telescope, convex lens, electronic aperture, polarization beam apparatus, the first to the second
Photodetector, signal acquisition module；The laser, electronic aperture, signal acquisition module are connected with main control module respectively, the
One photodetector, the second photodetector are connected with signal acquisition module respectively；The laser signal of laser transmitting is passed through successively
Vertically into air after beam expanding lens, polarizer, half-wave plate, the rear orientation light of cloud particle in telescope vertical reception air, after
Become directional light to scattered light planoconvex lens, directional light enters polarization beam apparatus through electronic aperture, and polarization beam apparatus will be parallel
Light is divided into horizontal polarization light and orthogonal polarized light, and the first photodetector, the second photodetector are passed to respectively, and the first photoelectricity is visited
Survey device horizontal polarization light is converted into electric signal and transmitted to signal acquisition module, the second photodetector turns orthogonal polarized light
Turn to electric signal and transmit to signal acquisition module, signal acquisition module gathers two electric signals and transmits the result to master respectively
Control module.
2. it is used for many visual field Airborne Lidar examining systems that liquid water cloud is measured according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
Laser is stated using YAG semiconductor lasers.
3. it is used for many visual field Airborne Lidar examining systems that liquid water cloud is measured according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
The Cassegrain telescope that telescope uses 200mm is stated, its focal length is 2032mm.
4. it is used for many visual field Airborne Lidar examining systems that liquid water cloud is measured according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State the photomultiplier that the first photodetector, the second photodetector are H10682-110 models.
5. it is used for many visual field Airborne Lidar examining systems that liquid water cloud is measured according to claim 1, it is characterised in that institute
State the photon counting card that signal acquisition module uses P7882 models.
6. a kind of many visual field laser radar detection methods measured for liquid water cloud, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, master control module controls laser produces 532nm laser, sequentially passes through beam expanding lens, polarizer, half-wave plate vertical
It is transmitted into air；
Step 2, using the rear orientation light of cloud particle in telescope vertical reception air, rear orientation light planoconvex lens becomes flat
Row light, directional light enters polarization beam apparatus through electronic aperture, and directional light is divided into horizontal polarization light and vertical by polarization beam apparatus
Polarised light, passes to the first photodetector, the second photodetector respectively, and horizontal polarization light is converted into by the first photodetector
Electric signal is simultaneously transmitted to signal acquisition module, and orthogonal polarized light is converted into electric signal and transmitted to signal by the second photodetector
Acquisition module, signal acquisition module carries out photon counting to two electric signals respectively and is sent to main control module, main control module root
Depolarization Ratio is calculated according to two photon countings；
Step 3, main control module adjusts the aperture of electronic aperture, and the process of repeat step 2, obtains the depolarization under the different angles of visual field
Than；
Step 4, the radius and liquid-water content of cloud particle are calculated according to Depolarization Ratio and Monte carlo algorithm, and data are carried out in fact
Shi Baocun.
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| CN111912748A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-10 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Method for calculating linear depolarization ratio of carbon-containing aerosol |
| CN111912748B (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-03-17 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | Method for calculating linear depolarization ratio of carbon-containing aerosol |
| CN112904308A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-04 | 西安理工大学 | Laser radar system and method for detecting cloud phase state and cloud water content |
| CN112904308B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2024-04-30 | 西安理工大学 | Laser radar system and method for detecting cloud phase state and cloud water content |
| CN114994794A (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2022-09-02 | 昆明学院 | Cloud particle phase state growth method for cloud cluster non-detection data area |
| CN114994794B (en) * | 2022-06-24 | 2023-05-09 | 昆明学院 | Cloud particle phase growth method for cloud cluster non-detection data area |
| CN118393509A (en) * | 2024-06-28 | 2024-07-26 | 中电建(洛阳)绿色建筑科技有限公司 | Atmospheric correction method and system in complex environment |
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