CN107064733B - Single-phase earth fault line selection and arc extinction method for flexible grounding device of power distribution network - Google Patents
Single-phase earth fault line selection and arc extinction method for flexible grounding device of power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- CN107064733B CN107064733B CN201710154375.7A CN201710154375A CN107064733B CN 107064733 B CN107064733 B CN 107064733B CN 201710154375 A CN201710154375 A CN 201710154375A CN 107064733 B CN107064733 B CN 107064733B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/08—Limitation or suppression of earth fault currents, e.g. Petersen coil
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-phase earth fault line selection and arc extinction method for a flexible grounding device of a power distribution network, which mainly comprises the following steps: when a single-phase earth fault occurs in the power distribution network, a virtual resistance control mode is adopted to control the flexible earthing device to inject a resistive current with controllable amplitude to a neutral point, so that the system operates in a small resistance earthing mode, and a fault feeder line is judged and fed back to the relay protection device by measuring and comparing zero sequence currents of all feeder lines; and then, a virtual inductor control mode is adopted to control the flexible grounding device to inject arc extinction compensation current into the neutral point, so that the system operates in a resonant grounding mode, and the aim of extinguishing the arc of the single-phase grounding fault is fulfilled. The method can simultaneously avoid the problems that a resonant grounding system is difficult to accurately judge a fault feeder line, the fault tripping rate of a small-resistance grounding system is high, the fault phase is difficult to detect when the traditional flexible grounding device control method is grounded at a high resistance, and the like by switching the control modes, can reduce the protection misoperation rate, and improve the fault arc extinction success rate, thereby improving the power supply reliability of a power distribution network.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of single-phase earth fault processing application of a power distribution network, in particular to a single-phase earth fault line selection and arc extinction method of a flexible earthing device of the power distribution network.
Background
The distribution network is located at the terminal of the power system, has a complex and changeable structure, is closely connected with users, and is easy to cause various faults. The single-phase earth fault is the most frequently occurring fault in the power distribution network, when the fault current is overlarge, arc light can be generated, and the arc burnsBrings great hazards such as fire hazard, equipment damage and the like; in order to solve the problems of the power distribution network, the power distribution network at home and abroad generally adopts a mode of changing the neutral point to connect to limit the grounding fault current, and the power distribution network goes through the development process of grounding the neutral point without grounding, grounding through an arc suppression coil, grounding through a small resistor and the like. The non-grounded system of the neutral point can still operate with a fault for 1-2 hours after a single-phase ground fault occurs, the power supply reliability is high, but each phase is insulated and needs to be operated according to phase voltageThe design is doubled, and the requirement on insulation is higher; the system with the neutral point grounded through the arc suppression coil can effectively reduce the grounding fault current, but the access of the arc suppression coil can cause the difficulty of fault line selection; when a grounding fault occurs through a small-resistance grounding system, the short-circuit current is very large, and the relay protection device can act at the moment of the fault to cut off a fault line, but the power supply reliability of the mode is also reduced.
The flexible grounding mode of the power distribution network is provided for comprehensively meeting the operation requirements of various states of the power distribution network, making up the defects of different grounding modes, comprehensively utilizing the advantages of various grounding modes and flexibly selecting the grounding mode according to the operation state of the power distribution network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to make up for the defects of different grounding modes, comprehensively utilize the advantages of various grounding modes, flexibly select the grounding mode according to the running state of a power grid, provide a single-phase grounding fault line selection and arc extinction method of a flexible grounding device of a power distribution network, and have the advantages of accurately identifying a fault feeder line, eliminating a grounding fault arc and improving the power supply reliability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a single-phase earth fault line selection and arc extinction method for a flexible grounding device of a power distribution network is characterized by mainly comprising the following steps:
1) when a single-phase grounding fault occurs in the power distribution network, the flexible grounding device works in a virtual resistance mode, and a resistive current with controllable amplitude is injected into a neutral point, which is equivalent to the fact that the power distribution network operates in a small-resistance grounding mode;
2) measuring the zero sequence current of each feeder line, comparing the amplitude value of the zero sequence current of each feeder line, judging the feeder line with the maximum amplitude value of the zero sequence current as a ground fault feeder line, and feeding back the judgment result of the fault feeder line to a relay protection device;
3) the flexible grounding device works in a virtual inductance mode, arc extinction compensation current is injected into a neutral point, the capacitance current of a power distribution network is completely compensated, and the purpose of arc extinction of faults is achieved;
4) after a certain time delay, a specific arc extinction post-processing method is adopted to determine the operation state of the flexible grounding device so as to ensure that instantaneous faults are quickly extinguished, permanent faults are quickly isolated, and a power distribution system continuously supplies power.
Further, the virtual resistance mode in step 1) specifically includes: the method comprises the steps of firstly obtaining a power frequency signal phase and an amplitude of neutral point voltage through a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI), then calculating injection current according to a preset neutral point grounding resistance value, and finally enabling a flexible grounding device to inject the current into a neutral point of a power distribution network by adopting an output current closed-loop control method. The virtual inductance mode in the step 3) specifically includes: firstly, obtaining a power frequency signal phase and an amplitude of neutral point voltage through the SOGI, then calculating an injection current amplitude according to a preset neutral point grounding inductance value, then obtaining an injection current value after shifting the neutral point voltage phase backward by 90 degrees, and finally enabling the flexible grounding device to inject the current to a neutral point of a power distribution network by adopting an output current closed-loop control method. The arc extinction post-treatment method in the step 4) specifically comprises the following steps: and reducing the amplitude of the injected compensation current, measuring the zero sequence voltage of the power distribution network, and judging whether the zero sequence voltage is reduced in proportion to the reduction of the compensation current. If so, the flexible grounding device is quitted from operation; if not, sending an action signal to the relay protection device to isolate the fault feeder line; if the protection device refuses to operate, arc extinction compensation current is continuously injected, and the flexible grounding device is quitted to operate after the compensation current injection time reaches 2 hours.
The invention provides a single-phase earth fault line selection and arc extinction method for a flexible grounding device of a power distribution network, which mainly comprises the following steps: when a single-phase earth fault occurs in the power distribution network, a virtual resistance control mode is adopted to control the flexible earthing device to inject a resistive current with controllable amplitude to a neutral point, so that the system operates in a small resistance earthing mode, and a fault feeder line is judged and fed back to the relay protection device by measuring and comparing zero sequence currents of all feeder lines; and then, a virtual inductor control mode is adopted to control the flexible grounding device to inject arc extinction compensation current into the neutral point, so that the system operates in a resonant grounding mode, and the aim of extinguishing the arc of the single-phase grounding fault is fulfilled. The method can simultaneously avoid the problems that a resonant grounding system is difficult to accurately judge a fault feeder line, the fault tripping rate of a small-resistance grounding system is high, the fault phase is difficult to detect when the traditional flexible grounding device control method is grounded at a high resistance, and the like by switching the control modes, can reduce the protection misoperation rate, and improve the fault arc extinction success rate, thereby improving the power supply reliability of a power distribution network.
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a topological diagram of a flexible grounding system of a power distribution network.
Fig. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of a flexible grounding system of a power distribution network.
Fig. 3 is a diagram of a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI) structure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a control structure of a flexible grounding system of a power distribution network.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of arc extinction and line selection of the power distribution network ground fault.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a single-phase earth fault line selection and arc extinction method for a flexible grounding device of a power distribution network, and figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a flexible grounding system of the power distribution network. EX(X ═ a, B, C) represents a, B, C three-phase supply voltage, respectively; rSLeakage resistance per phase of the distribution network, CSCapacitance per phase to ground; assuming single-phase earth fault in C-phase, RFIs a ground fault resistor; in a power distribution networkThe neutral point is grounded by a flexible grounding device, as shown by the dotted line frame in FIG. 1, comprising a DC power supply, a single-phase inverter, an LC filter and an isolation transformer Ti(ii) a The inverter being powered by a DC power supply vdSupplying power, generating an injection current I with controllable amplitude and phase by PWM inversioniAnd injecting a neutral point.
When the flexible grounding device works in a virtual resistance control mode, a neutral point voltage U is obtained through a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI)NThe phase and amplitude of the power frequency signal are calculated according to the preset neutral point grounding resistance value to obtain the injection current during virtual resistance control. Considering the capacity of the flexible grounding device, and combining the requirement of a traditional neutral point on the value of neutral point grounding resistance in a low-resistance grounding system, the preset neutral point grounding resistance value is RnThen, the expression of the resistive current injected is:
when the flexible grounding device works in a virtual inductance control mode, the flexible grounding device is equivalent to a controllable current source by using a controllable current source IiInstead, the neutral point is at U to ground voltageNFault to ground voltage of UFThe equivalent circuit diagram of the flexible grounding system of the power distribution network is shown in fig. 2. The expression of the injected current can be obtained from kirchhoff's voltage and current law as follows:
when only the influence on the earth capacitance parameter is considered, the expression of the injection current can be simplified as follows:
to limit the fault current to zero, i.e.
The expression for the injected current is obtained as:
when the power distribution network is grounded through the arc suppression coil, the capacitance current of the power distribution network is compensated through the parallel resonance principle, and the ground fault electric arc is suppressed. Based on the principle, a neutral point of a power distribution network is connected with a flexible grounding device, and a system is operated in a resonant grounding mode through virtual inductance control; when a ground fault occurs, a compensating current with controllable amplitude and phase is injected to compensate the ground capacitance current in the fault, so as to achieve the purpose of eliminating the fault arc. Therefore, through the control method of the virtual inductor, when the system runs in the resonant grounding mode, the equivalent virtual inductor is represented as LvThe expression of the injected arc suppression compensation current can be obtained as follows:
the Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI) is shown in fig. 3. Given an input signal uNsTwo output signals u with the same amplitude and 90-degree phase difference can be obtained through a second-order generalized integratorN1And uN2(ii) a Wherein u isN1And an input signal uNsFundamental componentSame, uN2Amplitude of and
same, but with phase lag
90 degrees. Namely:
fig. 4 shows a schematic control structure diagram of a flexible grounding system of a power distribution network, when a single-phase ground fault occurs, a flexible grounding device firstly works in a virtual resistance control mode, namely a switch is connected with a port 1, and a neutral point voltage u is obtained through a second-order generalized integrator (SOGI)NsThe phase and amplitude of the fundamental wave signal of (1) are shown in fig. 3N1Then calculating the resistance current value according to the preset neutral point grounding resistance value
Namely:
finally, the flexible grounding device injects the current to a neutral point of the power distribution network by adopting an output current closed-loop control method, and a fault feeder line is judged and fed back to the relay protection device; then, the flexible grounding device is switched to a virtual inductance control mode, namely, a switch is connected with a port 2, the phase and the amplitude of a power frequency signal of the neutral point voltage are obtained through the SOGI, and then the phase of the neutral point voltage is shifted backwards by 90 degrees, namely, u shown in figure 3N2Then, the injected compensation current value is calculated according to the preset neutral point grounding inductance value
Namely:
and finally, the flexible grounding device injects the arc extinction compensation current to a neutral point of the power distribution network by adopting an output current closed-loop control method, so that the aim of eliminating the fault arc is fulfilled.
Fig. 5 is a flow chart of arc extinction and line selection for the ground fault of the power distribution network. When a single-phase earth fault occurs, firstly, the phase voltage and the zero sequence voltage of the power distribution network are continuously measured, respectively
UNn(n is 1,2,3, … …), comparing the sizes of the phase voltage and the zero sequence voltage; when the zero sequence voltage is greater than 15% of the phase voltage, judging that the ground fault occurs; at the initial moment of the ground fault, the flexible grounding device works in a virtual resistance control mode, first obtains the phase and amplitude of the power frequency signal of the neutral point voltage through a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI) as shown in fig. 3, and then obtains the phase and amplitude of the power frequency signal of the neutral point voltage according to a preset neutral point grounding resistance value RnCalculating an injection current, and finally adopting an output current closed-loop control method to enable the flexible grounding device to inject the current into a neutral point of the power distribution network, so that the zero sequence current in a line is increased in a short time, respectively detecting and comparing the zero sequence current of each feeder line through a current sensor, wherein the feeder line with the largest amplitude value is a grounding fault feeder line, and feeding back a fault feeder line judgment result to a relay protection device; then the flexible grounding device is switched to a virtual inductance control mode, the power frequency signal phase and the amplitude of neutral point voltage are obtained through the SOGI, then the injection current amplitude is calculated according to the preset neutral point grounding inductance value, the injection current value is obtained after the neutral point voltage phase is shifted backwards by 90 degrees, and finally the current is injected into the neutral point of the power distribution network by the flexible grounding device through an output current closed-loop control method, so that grounding fault arcs are restrained; after a certain time delay, a specific arc extinction post-treatment method is adopted, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: and reducing the amplitude of the injected compensation current, measuring the zero sequence voltage of the power distribution network, and judging whether the zero sequence voltage is reduced in proportion to the reduction of the compensation current. If so, the flexible grounding device is quitted from operation; if not, sending an action signal to the relay protection device to isolate the fault feeder line; if the protection device refuses to operate, arc extinction compensation current is continuously injected, and the flexible grounding device is quitted to operate after the compensation current injection time reaches 2 hours.
Claims (3)
1. The single-phase earth fault line selection and arc extinction method of the flexible grounding device of the power distribution network comprises the following steps:
1) when a single-phase grounding fault occurs in the power distribution network, the flexible grounding device works in a virtual resistance mode, and a resistive current with controllable amplitude is injected into a neutral point, which is equivalent to the fact that the power distribution network operates in a small-resistance grounding mode;
2) measuring the zero sequence current of each feeder line, comparing the amplitude value of the zero sequence current of each feeder line, judging the feeder line with the maximum amplitude value of the zero sequence current as a ground fault feeder line, and feeding back the judgment result of the fault feeder line to a relay protection device;
3) the flexible grounding device works in a virtual inductance mode, arc extinction compensation current is injected into a neutral point, the capacitance current of a power distribution network is completely compensated, and the purpose of arc extinction of faults is achieved;
4) after a certain time delay, determining the operating state of the flexible grounding device by adopting a specific arc extinction post-processing method so as to ensure that instantaneous faults are quickly extinguished, permanent faults are quickly isolated, and a power distribution system continuously supplies power;
the specific arc extinction post-processing method comprises the steps of reducing the amplitude of injected compensation current, measuring zero sequence voltage of the power distribution network, and judging whether the zero sequence voltage is reduced in proportion to the reduction of the compensation current; if so, the flexible grounding device is quitted from operation; if not, sending an action signal to the relay protection device to isolate the fault feeder line; if the protection device refuses to operate, arc extinction compensation current is continuously injected, and the flexible grounding device is quitted to operate after the compensation current injection time reaches 2 hours.
2. The single-phase ground fault line selection and arc extinction method for the flexible grounding device of the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the virtual resistance mode in step 1) is characterized in that a phase and an amplitude of a power frequency signal of a neutral point voltage are obtained through a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI), then an injection current is calculated according to a preset neutral point grounding resistance value, and finally the current is injected into the neutral point of the power distribution network by the flexible grounding device through an output current closed-loop control method.
3. The single-phase ground fault line selection and arc extinction method for the flexible grounding device of the power distribution network according to claim 1, wherein the virtual inductance mode in the step 3) is characterized in that a phase and an amplitude of a power frequency signal of a neutral point voltage are obtained through a Second Order Generalized Integrator (SOGI), then an injection current amplitude is calculated according to a preset neutral point grounding inductance value, an injection current value is obtained after the phase of the neutral point voltage is shifted backwards by 90 degrees, and finally the current is injected into the neutral point of the power distribution network by the flexible grounding device through an output current closed-loop control method.
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