CN107064035A - A kind of on-line monitoring method of motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system - Google Patents
A kind of on-line monitoring method of motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 139
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000862 absorption spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005035 Panax pseudoginseng ssp. pseudoginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000008434 ginseng Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005691 oxidative coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N Deuterium Chemical compound [2H] YZCKVEUIGOORGS-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010019233 Headaches Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 102000001554 Hemoglobins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010054147 Hemoglobins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 206010021143 Hypoxia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 210000004958 brain cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000002173 dizziness Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000869 headache Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001146 hypoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005693 optoelectronics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/33—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using ultraviolet light
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
- G01N21/31—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry
- G01N21/35—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light
- G01N21/3504—Investigating relative effect of material at wavelengths characteristic of specific elements or molecules, e.g. atomic absorption spectrometry using infrared light for analysing gases, e.g. multi-gas analysis
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Abstract
The present invention is applied to environmental technology field there is provided a kind of on-line monitoring method of motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system, comprises the following steps：Step A, the background spectrum of measuring system, ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared channel reference spectra；Step B, when detecting motor vehicle and sheltering from the light of ultraviolet passage and infrared channel, main control unit starts to obtain ultraviolet signal and infrared signal that the tail gas absorption discharged by the motor vehicle is crossed, and calculates exhaust gas component according to the background spectrum, ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared channel reference spectra prestored.The present invention monitors the content of corresponding gas componant in motor-vehicle tail-gas by ultraviolet and infrared two passages, unattended full-automatic on-line monitoring can be achieved, the motor vehicle true emission behaviour of tail gas in the process of moving is grasped, it is convenient that serious pollution vehicle is administered immediately.Whole monitoring system has the advantages that on-line calibration, real-time, monitoring efficiency are high, unattended, continuously run.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environmental technology field, more particularly to a kind of on-line monitoring method of motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system.
Background technology
In recent years, with the sharp increase of Urban vehicles poputation, exhaust emissions the first pollution greatly as urban air
Source.It also turns into fastest-rising greenhouse gas emission source.NO, CO, the CO mainly contained in automotive emission2, butane
Health can be also had a strong impact on Deng pernicious gas, wherein, CO and the hemoglobin combination speed ratio O in blood of human body2Fast 250
Times.Even if only sucking trace amounts of CO, it is also possible to give people to cause Hypoxic to injure, the lighter's dizziness, headache, severe one brain cell is by permanent
Property damage, and due to being emitted on less than 1.5 meters motor-vehicle tail-gas, children's soakage is usually twice of adult or so, right more
Children's health infringement is particularly acute.
Therefore the on-line monitoring of motor-vehicle tail-gas is particularly important.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of motor-vehicle tail-gas on-line monitoring system, it is intended to which motor vehicle realizes real-time monitoring
The motor vehicle true emission behaviour of tail gas in the process of moving.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of on-line monitoring method of motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system, the motor-driven vehicle
Gas monitoring system includes：
The infrared monitoring for sending the ultraviolet monitoring passage of ultraviolet light to monitored area and sending infrared light to monitored area leads to
Road；
The on-line monitoring method comprises the following steps：
Step A, the background spectrum of measuring system, ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared channel reference spectra；
Step B, when detecting motor vehicle and sheltering from the light of ultraviolet passage and infrared channel, main control unit starts
Ultraviolet signal and infrared signal that the tail gas absorption discharged by the motor vehicle is crossed are obtained, and according to the real-time ring measured
Border background spectrum, ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared channel reference spectra calculate exhaust gas component.
Further, the ultraviolet monitoring passage includes ultraviolet source, NO gases pond and spectrometer, and the infrared monitoring leads to
Road includes infrared light supply, infrared gas pond and infrared detector；The step A is specially：
Step A1, no motor vehicle by when, to pouring nitrogen in NO gases pond and infrared gas pond, and gather preservation
Background spectrum, then NO gases pond and infrared gas pond are exhausted；
Step A2, to pouring NO gases in NO gases pond, and measures gas absorption spectra and preserves, and obtains ultraviolet passage ginseng
Spectrum is examined, then NO gases pond is exhausted；
Step A3, to pouring CO, CO2, hydrocarbon gas in infrared gas pond, and measures gas absorption spectra and protects
Deposit, obtain infrared channel reference spectra, then infrared gas pond is exhausted；
Step A4, finally again to pouring nitrogen in NO gases pond and infrared gas pond.
The present invention monitors the content of corresponding gas componant in motor-vehicle tail-gas by ultraviolet and infrared two passages, can be real
Existing unattended full-automatic on-line monitoring, grasps the motor vehicle true emission behaviour of tail gas in the process of moving, convenient dirty to severe
Dye vehicle is administered immediately.Whole monitoring system has on-line calibration, real-time, monitoring efficiency height, unattended duty, continuous fortune
Capable advantage.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the architecture principle figure of motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of scheme of installation of ultraviolet passage provided in an embodiment of the present invention and infrared channel；
Fig. 3 is another scheme of installation of ultraviolet passage provided in an embodiment of the present invention and infrared channel；
Fig. 4 is a kind of specific implementation structure chart of monitoring system shown in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the implementation process figure of the tail gas monitoring method of monitoring system shown in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Fig. 1 shows motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system architecture principle provided in an embodiment of the present invention, for the ease of describing, only
Show part related to the present embodiment.
Reference picture 1, this motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system includes ultraviolet monitoring passage 1, infrared monitoring passage 2 and main control
Unit 3.After motor-driven vehicle going is passed through, its tail gas discharged group can sponge the light intensity of the light of the part wavelength in light path, by
In the absorption spectra of gas with various be different, therefore by light path the light of each band wavelength light intensity change can calculate out
The content of each gas componant.Again because tail gas is the product that gasoline and air react at high temperature under high pressure, the main component of gasoline
Hydrocarbon, the composition of air be mainly each composition in nitrogen and oxygen, therefore tail gas relation with contents have it is certain
Correlation, can detect the characteristic parameter of tail gas or the content of characteristic component with clearance to calculate the content of other exhaust gas components.
Ultraviolet monitoring passage 1 and infrared monitoring passage 2 are respectively used to monitoring motor-vehicle tail-gas to ultraviolet light and infrared in this monitoring system
The degree of absorption of light, specifically, ultraviolet monitoring passage 1 send infrared light to monitored area, and are having motor-driven vehicle going to monitoring
During region, the infrared signal that the tail gas absorption discharged by the motor vehicle is crossed is obtained；Infrared monitoring passage 2 is to monitored area
Infrared light is sent, and when there is motor-driven vehicle going to monitored area, obtains what the tail gas absorption discharged by the motor vehicle was crossed
Infrared signal；Main control unit 3 connects ultraviolet monitoring passage 1 and infrared monitoring passage 2 simultaneously, for logical according to ultraviolet monitoring
The optical signal of the acquisition of road 1 and infrared monitoring passage 2 calculates motor vehicle exhaust gas component content.
Ultraviolet monitoring passage 1 includes ultraviolet light emission end and ultraviolet optical receiving end, and infrared monitoring passage 2 also includes infrared light
Transmitting terminal and infrared optical receiving end, mounting means can be horizontal type detection as shown in Figure 2 and vertical check two as shown in Figure 3
Kind.1. and 2. it is respectively ultraviolet light/infrared light emission end and ultraviolet light/infrared optical receiving end in Fig. 2, is 3. detection light path, 4.
For road, ultraviolet light/infrared light emission end and ultraviolet light/infrared optical receiving end are respectively arranged at road 4. both sides, detect light path
3. road is crossed 4..1. and 2. it is respectively that ultraviolet light/infrared light hair transmitting terminal and ultraviolet light/infrared light send out receiving terminal in Fig. 3,3.
It is 5. road surface for detection light path, ultraviolet light/infrared light hair transmitting terminal ultraviolet light/infrared light hair receiving terminal above road
Located at upper pavement surface, the light path between ultraviolet light/infrared light hair transmitting terminal and ultraviolet light/infrared light hair receiving terminal is perpendicular to road surface
⑤。
Fig. 4 is a kind of specific implementation structure of monitoring system shown in Fig. 1.
Reference picture 4, ultraviolet light emission end at least includes ultraviolet source 11 and first and collimates planoconvex spotlight 12, wherein ultraviolet light
Source 11 can provide the ultraviolet luminous energy for doing power, especially at 200nm~400nm wave bands, and the first collimation planoconvex spotlight 12 is used for
It is 52mm that the ultraviolet light sent to ultraviolet source 11, which carries out high-quality collimation and for example can select bore, and focal length is 60mm, in
The a length of 225nm of cardiac wave ultraviolet quartzy planoconvex spotlight is realized.Further, ultraviolet source 11 controls electricity including a ultraviolet lamp again
In road and a ultraviolet lamp being connected with the ultraviolet light lamp control circuit, the embodiment of the present invention, the ultraviolet lamp selects deuterium lamp
Or xenon lamp.Ultraviolet optical receiving end includes successively along optical path direction：First focuses on planoconvex spotlight 13, NO gases pond 14 and spectrometer
15, wherein spectrometer connects main control unit 3 by USB line, and the first focusing planoconvex spotlight 13 is focused reception for light beam,
For example can select bore is 120mm, and focal length is 360mm, and centre wavelength is realized for 225nm ultraviolet quartzy planoconvex spotlight.NO is marked
Gas pond 14 connects source nitrogen, the entrance connection source nitrogen of specially the first magnetic valve 5, outlet connection NO by the first magnetic valve 5
Gas pond 14, NO gases pond 14 connects an air pump 7, the entrance connection NO of specially the second magnetic valve 6 further through the second magnetic valve 6
Gas pond 14, outlet connection air pump 7, NO gases pond 14 connects NO sources, specially the 3rd magnetic valve 8 further through the 3rd magnetic valve 8
Entrance connection NO sources, outlet connection NO gases pond 14, main control unit 3 passes through the electricity of a solenoid valve control circuit 4 connection first
Magnet valve 5, the second magnetic valve 6, the 3rd magnetic valve 8, realize to the first magnetic valve 5, the second magnetic valve 6, the 3rd magnetic valve 8 switch
Control.
Infrared light emission end includes successively along optical path direction：Infrared light supply 21 and second collimates planoconvex spotlight 22, wherein red
Outer light source 21 can provide high-power mid-infrared luminous energy, and main wave band is at 3~5 microns, and the second collimation planoconvex spotlight 22
Infrared light for being sent to infrared light supply 21 carries out high-quality collimation, for example, bore can be used for 120mm, focal length is
360mm, centre wavelength is realized for the planoconvex spotlight of 4000nm infrared crystal calcirm-fluoride.Further, infrared light supply 21 is wrapped again
Include in an infrared light lamp control circuit and an infrared lamp being connected with the infrared light lamp control circuit, the embodiment of the present invention,
The infrared lamp selects silicon-carbide lamp.Infrared optical receiving end at least includes successively along optical path direction：Second focusing planoconvex spotlight 23,
Infrared gas pond 24, infrared detector 25, signal processing circuit 26, the second focusing planoconvex spotlight 23 is focused for light beam to be connect
Receive, for example, can use bore for 100mm, focal length is 200mm, centre wavelength is saturating for the plano-convex of 4000nm infrared crystal calcirm-fluoride
Mirror realizes that infrared detector 25 is used to carry out optical signal opto-electronic conversion, and signal processing circuit 26 is used for passing through infrared acquisition
Signal after device 25 is changed is amplified filtering process.Wherein signal processing circuit 26 is connected to infrared detector 25 and main control
Between unit 3, it can specifically be adopted by a PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect standard, PeripheralComponentInterconnect)
Truck is connected with main control unit 3, and infrared gas pond 24 connects source nitrogen, specially the first magnetic valve 5 by the first magnetic valve 5
Entrance connection source nitrogen, the outlet infrared mark gas pond 24 of connection, infrared gas pond 24 connects air pump further through the second magnetic valve 6
7, the entrance of specially the second magnetic valve 6 connects infrared gas pond 24, outlet connection air pump 7, and infrared gas pond 24 is also by the
One or more in four magnetic valves 9 connection CO sources, CO2 sources, hydrocarbon gas source, specially the 4th magnetic valve 9 enters
One or more in mouth connection CO sources, CO2 sources, hydrocarbon gas source, the outlet connection infrared gas pond 24, master control
Unit 3 processed connects the first magnetic valve 5, the second magnetic valve 6, the 4th magnetic valve 9 by solenoid valve control circuit 4, realizes to first
Magnetic valve 5, the second magnetic valve 6, the switch control of the 4th magnetic valve 9.
Further, a chopper 27 is provided between infrared gas pond 24 and infrared detector 25 to adjust optical signal
System, the need for meeting infrared detector 25.
Further, be save system cost, reduce using magnetic valve quantity, air, source nitrogen, NO sources, CO sources,
It is two or more by the way that a magnetic valve can be shared in the passages such as CO2 sources, hydrocarbon gas source, now use to enter singly to go out more
The magnetic valve of type, as an electromagnetism for entering scene 2 will be shared on the first magnetic valve 5 in Fig. 4 and the passage where the 4th magnetic valve
Valve.
Fig. 5 is the implementation process of the on-line monitoring method of the motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system shown in Fig. 2, and details are as follows.
It is measurement background spectrum, ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared under the control of main control unit in step S501
Channel reference spectrum.
The concentration of pernicious gas to detecting instrument, it is necessary to be calibrated simultaneously in the tail gas discharged for accurate measuring machine Motor Car Institute
Set in the reference spectra of concentration calculating, the present embodiment, this process is referred to as demarcation.
In this step, calibration process includes the measuring of background spectrum, the measurement of ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared channel ginseng
The measurement of spectrum is examined, with reference to Fig. 4, specific calibration process is as follows：
1. measuring background spectrum, to be calibrated to instrument, influence of the environmental change to measurement accuracy is eliminated：Open first
The magnetic valve 6 of magnetic valve 5 and second, closes air pump 7, the 3rd magnetic valve 8 and the 4th magnetic valve 9, nitrogen is filled with by the first magnetic valve 5
Gas, persistently pours a period of time (20 seconds, can software design patterns) and closes all magnetic valves afterwards, carry out background measurement, preserve ultraviolet, red
The spectral signal that outer tunnel is now measured, as background spectrum, opens all magnetic valves, opens air pump 7, NO gases pond 14 and
The nitrogen in infrared gas pond 24 is drained.
2. the ultraviolet channel reference spectrum of measurement, to be demarcated to NO gases：Open the second magnetic valve 6, the 3rd magnetic valve
8, air pump 7, the first magnetic valve 5 and the 4th magnetic valve 9 are closed, the NO gases of normal concentration are filled with by the 3rd magnetic valve 8, is continued
Be filled with a period of time (20 seconds, can software design patterns) closes all magnetic valves afterwards, carries out spectral measurement, the spectrum measured is subtracted
The absorption spectrum that background spectrum obtains ultraviolet passage is stated, the absorption spectrum of ultraviolet passage is preserved, as the standard spectrum of NO gases,
All magnetic valves are opened, air pump 7 is opened, the gas in NO gases pond 14 is drained.
3. infrared channel reference spectra is measured, to be demarcated to CO, CO2, hydrocarbon gas：Open the second electromagnetism
Valve 6, the 4th magnetic valve 9, close air pump 7, the first magnetic valve 5 and the 3rd magnetic valve 8, are filled, be persistently filled with by the 4th magnetic valve 9
(20 seconds, can software design patterns) close all magnetic valves afterwards for a period of time, carry out spectral measurement, the spectrum measured is subtracted into the above-mentioned back of the body
Scape spectrum obtains the absorption spectrum of infrared channel, preserves the absorption spectrum of infrared channel, as the standard spectrum of infrared channel, beats
All magnetic valves are driven, air pump is opened, the mixed gas in infrared gas pond 24 is drained.
4. pour nitrogen in gas pond：The first magnetic valve 5 and the second magnetic valve 6 are opened, air pump 7, the 3rd electromagnetism is closed
The magnetic valve 9 of valve 8 and the 4th, is filled with after the nitrogen time (20 seconds, can software design patterns) by the first magnetic valve 5, closes all electromagnetism
Valve.
Calibration process is completed, now gas absorbance is not influenceed filled with nitrogen, nitrogen in two mark vapour ponds.
In step S502, when detecting motor vehicle and sheltering from the light of ultraviolet passage and infrared channel, main control
Unit starts to obtain ultraviolet signal and infrared signal that the tail gas absorption discharged by the motor vehicle is crossed, and according to measuring
Real time environment background spectrum, ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared channel reference spectra calculate exhaust gas component.
In the present embodiment, the calculating for NO gas concentrations in tail gas is based on ultraviolet difference principle of absorption, to CO, CO2, carbon
The calculating of hydrogen compound gas concentration is based on non-phenolic oxidative coupling reaction principle, and hereafter only non-phenolic oxidative coupling reaction principle is retouched
State.
When infrared light is by under test gas, these gas molecules have absorption to the infrared light of specific wavelength, and it, which absorbs, closes
System obeys lambert -- Bill (Lambert-Beer) absorption law.3 kinds of gas measurement passageways (CO/4.64 μm, CO2/4.26 μm,
HC/3.4 μm) and reference channel (3.93 μm) detectable signal be expressed as follows with voltage：
Ugas=Igas(e-kCL)TgasRgas 1.1
Uref=IrefTrefRref 1.2
Wherein, Igas、Iref：The output intensity of gas measurement passageway and reference channel；
Tgas、Tref：The transmissivity of gas measurement passageway and reference channel under optical filter；
Rgas、Rref：The responsiveness of infrared detector in gas measurement passageway and reference channel；
K：Absorption coefficient；
C：Under test gas concentration；
L：Gas absorbs light path；
The first step：When being passed through nitrogen, mainly instrument is calibrated, including：The calibrating of light path mechanical structure, different ripples
The calibration of the output intensity of strong point, the calibration of filter transmission, calibration of infrared detector responsiveness etc..In different environment
Under need to this Δ U0Demarcated.The gas of 3 kinds of components is measured in the system, therefore obtains the Δ U of 3 kinds of gas of correspondence0。
Second step：Calibrating gas is passed through, if the gas concentration poured is C1, then have：
C1=-ln (Δ U1/ Δ U0) kL---1.4]]>
Wherein, Δ U1It is to measure the gas measurement passageway and reference channel detecting voltage value when obtaining pouring calibrating gas
Than demarcating, having during for unknown concentration gasmetry to kL：
Cx=-ln (Δ Ux/ Δ U0) kL---1.5]]>
It is compared and can be obtained by with 1.4 formulas 1.5：Cx=ln (Δ Ux/ Δ U0) ln (Δ U1/ Δ U0) ＆
CenterDot；C1]]>
Wherein：ΔUx、ΔU1It is that direct measurement is obtained.
Pass through formula 1.3,1.4,1.5, it can be seen that：Background spectrum is used for calibration instrument parameter, including light path machinery knot
Calibration, the calibration of filter transmission, the calibration of infrared detector responsiveness of output intensity at the calibration of structure, different wave length
Deng.And when being passed through nitrogen, it is believed that it is that no gas is absorbed (because CO, CO2, NO, hydrocarbon gas content be very in air
It is few, ignore substantially), calibrated as instrument parameter, be that this bias light need not be all subtracted in the spectrum before and after tail gas absorption
Spectrum.In real-time measurement, i.e., motor vehicle by when measurement tail gas when, in order to solve influence of the tail gas to measurement in air, processing
Method be：System no motor vehicle by when, and systematic survey cycle before the trigger signal that is in the light next time
When, a spectrum is preserved as the background spectrum under current environment, and this spectrum is the spectrum measured in real time, it is determined as " real time environment
Background spectrum ", this " real time environment background spectrum " is not a concept, background spectrum, purple above with background spectrum above
Outer tunnel reference spectra, infrared channel reference spectra all be calibration when measure (for a long time without motor vehicle by when or
When just installing instruments).When there is trigger signal next time, measurement obtains tail gas absorption spectrum and (included in this tail gas absorption spectrum
Real-time real exhaust gas absorption spectrum and real time environment background spectrum), because of the real time environment background spectrum and tail gas absorption of preservation
Spectral temporal difference is 1ms (instrument response time) left and right, it is believed that the real time environment background spectrum in this 1ms is identical, therefore can be with
Real-time real exhaust gas absorption spectrum is calculated by the spectrum of upper planar survey, represented by magnitude of voltage in practice, after subtracting, is
UGas (real-time tail gas spectrum)-UGas (real time environment background spectrum)=UGas (real-time real exhaust gas spectrum), and use UGas (real-time real exhaust gas spectrum)Substitute into formula 1.5 and calculate motor vehicle
By when tail gas actual concentration.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of step in realizing the method that the various embodiments described above are provided
Suddenly the hardware of correlation can be instructed to complete by program, described program can be built in main control unit 3, motor-driven when having
Car triggers the program when sheltering from light path and carries out concentration calculating.Described program can be stored in an embodied on computer readable simultaneously
In storage medium, the storage medium can be ROM/RAM, disk, CD etc..
The principle and its effect of the merely exemplary explanation present invention of above-described embodiment, not for the limitation present invention.It is any ripe
Know the personage of this technology all can carry out modifications and changes under the spirit and scope without prejudice to the present invention to above-described embodiment.Cause
This, all those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from disclosed spirit with being completed under technological thought
All equivalent modifications or change, should by the present invention claim be covered.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of on-line monitoring method of motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system, it is characterised in that the motor-vehicle tail-gas monitoring system
Including：
The ultraviolet monitoring passage of ultraviolet light is sent to monitored area and the infrared monitoring passage of infrared light is sent to monitored area.
The on-line monitoring method comprises the following steps：
Step A, the background spectrum of measuring system, ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared channel reference spectra.
Step B, when detecting motor vehicle and sheltering from the light of ultraviolet passage and infrared channel, main control unit starts to obtain
Ultraviolet signal and infrared signal that the tail gas absorption discharged by the motor vehicle is crossed, and carried on the back according to the real time environment measured
Scape spectrum, ultraviolet channel reference spectrum, infrared channel reference spectra calculate exhaust gas component.
2. on-line monitoring method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the ultraviolet monitoring passage include ultraviolet source,
NO gases pond and spectrometer, the infrared monitoring passage include infrared light supply, infrared gas pond and infrared detector.The step
A is specially：
Step A1, no motor vehicle by when, to pouring nitrogen in NO gases pond and infrared gas pond, and gather preservation background
Spectrum, then NO gases pond and infrared gas pond are exhausted.
Step A2, to pouring NO gases in NO gases pond, and measures gas absorption spectra and preserves, obtain ultraviolet channel reference light
Spectrum, then NO gases pond is exhausted.
Step A3, to pouring CO, CO2, hydrocarbon gas in infrared gas pond, and measures gas absorption spectra and preserves,
Infrared channel reference spectra is obtained, then infrared gas pond is exhausted.
Step A4, finally again to pouring nitrogen in NO gases pond and infrared gas pond.
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