CN107063524B - Oil well rod pipe lateral force tester and testing method - Google Patents
Oil well rod pipe lateral force tester and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107063524B CN107063524B CN201710307414.2A CN201710307414A CN107063524B CN 107063524 B CN107063524 B CN 107063524B CN 201710307414 A CN201710307414 A CN 201710307414A CN 107063524 B CN107063524 B CN 107063524B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/20—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress
- G01L1/22—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in ohmic resistance of solid materials or of electrically-conductive fluids; by making use of electrokinetic cells, i.e. liquid-containing cells wherein an electrical potential is produced or varied upon the application of stress using resistance strain gauges
- G01L1/225—Measuring circuits therefor
- G01L1/2262—Measuring circuits therefor involving simple electrical bridges
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- Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an oil well rod pipe lateral force tester capable of measuring the lateral force of an oil well rod pipe, which comprises a sealing sheath, a base body sheath, a lateral force detection component for measuring the lateral force between an oil pumping rod and an oil pipe, a fastening component and a hardware circuit system electrically connected with the lateral force detection component, wherein the hardware circuit system receives and processes a detection signal sent by the lateral force detection component and communicates with an upper computer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oil rod mechanical oil extraction, in particular to an oil well rod pipe lateral force tester and a testing method.
Background
In the petroleum industry, mechanical oil extraction by a sucker rod is the most widely applied technology in the oil extraction industry in the world at present. In the actual oil extraction process, when the sucker rod performs up-down reciprocating periodic motion, extrusion friction is generated between the sucker rod and the inner pipe wall of the oil pipe, and eccentric wear is often caused between the sucker rod and the oil pipe. The eccentric wear problem not only reduces the strength of the sucker rod, but also can cause the faults of the fracture of the sucker rod, the wear-through of the wall of the oil pipe and the like. With the influence of various factors such as high crude oil water content, increase of corrosive liquid, well deviation and the like on oil wells in the middle and later stages of development of most of oil fields in China, the phenomenon of eccentric wear of underground pipes and rods becomes more and more serious, the phenomena of pipe leakage and rod breakage are increased, the well repair rate is gradually increased, and the operation cost is increased, so that the production economic benefit of the oil fields is seriously influenced. At present, the research at home and abroad aiming at the eccentric wear prevention measures generally comprises the optimization of the material of a rod pipe structure, the coating of an anti-wear layer on the rod pipe, various rotators or centralizers and the like, but the problems of the eccentric wear cannot be fundamentally solved by the measures because the specific mechanical parameters for forming the eccentric wear are not clear.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the content, the invention provides an oil well rod pipe lateral force tester capable of measuring the lateral force of an oil well rod pipe, which comprises a sealing sheath, a base body sheath, a lateral force detection component for measuring the lateral force between an oil pumping rod and an oil pipe, a fastening component and a hardware circuit system electrically connected with the lateral force detection component, wherein the hardware circuit system receives and processes a detection signal sent by the lateral force detection component and communicates with an upper computer;
the base body sheath is of a cylindrical structure and comprises a thin end and a thick end which are respectively connected with the oil pipe; the base body sheath can be connected between two oil pipes, and the sucker rod can penetrate through the middle of the base body sheath;
the sealing sheath is sleeved outside the thin end of the base body sheath, and a secondary O-shaped ring seal is arranged between the sealing sheath and the thin end of the base body sheath to form an annular sealing space for placing a hardware circuit system;
the lateral force detection component is arranged on the inner side of the thick end of the base body sheath, and the fastening component is arranged on the thick end of the base body sheath and used for fixing and sealing the lateral force detection component;
a plurality of cuboid lateral force transmission blocks which are parallel to each other at the upper and lower peripheries are uniformly distributed in the middle area of the outer wall of the lateral force detection part, and resistance strain gauges are adhered to the side surfaces of the lateral force transmission blocks to form a stress detection point; when the lateral force transmission block is deformed by the force transmitted by the sucker rod, the resistance strain gauge on the lateral force transmission block is deformed, so that the resistance value of the resistance strain gauge is changed; the hardware circuit system is electrically connected with the resistance strain gauge, receives the resistance value change of the resistance strain gauge and calculates the lateral force.
Preferably, the thin end of the base body sheath is provided with UPTBG outer pipe threads which are connected with the inner pipe threads of the oil pipe; the thick end of the base body sheath is provided with UPTBG inner pipe threads which are connected with the outer pipe threads of the oil pipe.
Preferably, the inner diameter of the thin end of the base body sheath is larger than the oil pipe so as to ensure normal friction contact between the lateral force detection component and the sucker rod.
Preferably, the lateral force detection part is provided with a 9 ~ 10mm wide annular area at the middle position inside the lateral force detection part, and the radius of the inner ring of the lateral force detection part is smaller than that of the two ends, so that the lateral force detection part is ensured to be in normal frictional contact with the sucker rod.
Furthermore, 4 cuboid lateral force transmission blocks which are parallel to each other in the upper and lower two circumferences are uniformly distributed in the middle area of the outer wall of the lateral force detection component, and the included angle between every two adjacent lateral force transmission blocks is 90 degrees.
Preferably, the hardware circuit system comprises a signal detection bridge circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, a main control circuit, a data storage circuit, a serial communication circuit and a power supply circuit; the signal detection bridge circuit is connected with the main control circuit through the signal conditioning circuit, the data storage circuit and the serial communication circuit are respectively connected with the main control circuit, and the power supply circuit is connected with the signal detection bridge circuit, the signal conditioning circuit, the main control circuit, the data storage circuit and the serial communication circuit for power supply.
Furthermore, the signal detection bridge circuit is connected in a half-bridge manner, 1 resistance strain gauge is respectively attached to 2 side faces of each lateral force transmission block, 2 strain gauges on the same lateral force transmission block are connected in series, strain gauges of 2 lateral force transmission blocks in the upper direction and the lower direction of the lateral force detection part are also connected in series, 4 resistance strain gauges in total are connected in series to form one bridge arm of the half-bridge circuit, and the other bridge wall formed by the other 4 resistance strain gauges in the opposite direction is connected in a half-bridge manner.
Preferably, the signal conditioning circuit comprises an instrumentation amplifier and a differential RC filter circuit arranged at the front end of the instrumentation amplifier.
The invention also provides a testing method for testing the lateral force of the oil well rod pipe, which comprises the following steps: the lateral force detection component is used for collecting the pressure born by each lateral force transmission block and transmitting the pressure to the hardware circuit system, the hardware circuit system judges the direction of the lateral force according to the position angle of two adjacent lateral force transmission blocks which are detected to be stressed, and the hardware circuit system judges the direction of the lateral force according to the pressure born by two adjacent lateral force transmission blocks which are stressedAndand the supplementary angle of the included angle between two adjacent lateral force transfer blocksCalculating the resultant force, i.e. the lateral force of the oil well rod pipe。
Furthermore, when the included angle between two adjacent lateral force transmission blocks is 90 degrees, the lateral force of the oil well rod pipe。
The method can accurately measure the lateral force generated when the underground pipe rod is eccentrically worn, can meet the actual measurement requirement, provides a direct basis for the prevention and treatment research of the eccentric wear of the pipe rod, is beneficial to the process personnel to research the pipe rod friction rule and evaluate the actual effect of various eccentric wear prevention measures, and has important effects on ensuring the normal production of the oil field and improving the economic benefit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the mechanism of the mechanical components of the lateral force tester.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical structure of the substrate sheath of the lateral force tester.
FIG. 3 is an axial cross-sectional view of the detecting member of the lateral force tester.
Fig. 4 is a radial view of the detection part of the lateral force tester.
Fig. 5 is a block diagram of the hardware circuitry of the lateral force tester.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a signal conditioning circuit.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following description of the drawings and the specific embodiments.
The whole lateral force tester comprises a mechanical part and a circuit system; the lateral force tester receives the extrusion friction of the sucker rod and transmits the generated mechanical deformation to the lateral force detection component, and meanwhile, the lateral force tester also provides an installation space and a normal working environment for a hardware circuit system placed in the lateral force tester; the hardware circuit system mainly converts mechanical strain generated by lateral force into weak bridge circuit voltage output signals, carries out filtering, amplification, A/D conversion, storage and the like on the voltage signals, and undertakes data communication and other work with an upper computer.
The mechanical part of the lateral force tester comprises a base body sheath 1, a lateral force detection part 2, a sealing sheath 3 and a fastening part 4, wherein a lateral force transmission block 5 is designed on the lateral force detection part 2, and is specifically shown in figure 1.
The specific structural design of each part is as follows:
(1) a substrate sheath: the matrix sheath is used as a main body of a mechanical part of the lateral force tester, has the functions of connecting an upper oil pipe and a lower oil pipe and internally arranging a lateral force detection part, is in direct contact with the outside at the same time, and protects the internal lateral force detection part, and the schematic mechanical structure of the matrix sheath is shown in figure 2. One end of the base body sheath is provided with a UP TBG outer pipe thread which is connected with a UP TBG inner pipe thread of the oil pipe; the other end is designed to be in threaded connection with an outer pipe of the oil pipe through UP TBG inner pipe threads; the inner diameter of the thin end of the oil pumping rod is slightly larger than that of the oil pumping pipe so as to ensure normal friction contact between the stress detection component and the oil pumping rod. Meanwhile, a second-level O-shaped ring seal is designed at the thin-end flange of the base body sheath, and an annular sealing space is further formed by the base body sheath and the sealing sheath and used for installing a hardware circuit system and protecting the hardware circuit system from external interference.
(2) Lateral force detection means: the lateral force detection component is placed in the base body sheath and is fixedly sealed by the fastening component, 4 cuboid lateral force transfer blocks A, B, C, D which are parallel to each other in the upper and lower two circumferences are uniformly distributed in the middle area of the outer wall of the lateral force detection component, the included angle of every two adjacent lateral force transfer blocks is 90 degrees, and the mechanical structure schematic diagrams are shown in figures 3 and 4.
And a special resistance strain gauge is adhered to the side surface of the lateral force transmission block on the lateral force detection component. The detection component is the core of the whole lateral force tester and plays a role in receiving stress and detecting the magnitude of the stress. In order to ensure the wear resistance of the stress detection part, the wear resistance of the material is higher than that of the oil pipe. Two ends of the lateral force detection part are provided with two-stage O-shaped rings for sealing, so that the normal work of an internal circuit is ensured. The middle position in the lateral force detection part is provided with an annular area with the width of about 10mm, and the radius of the inner ring of the annular area is smaller than the radius of two ends of the annular area, so that the normal friction contact between the detection part and the sucker rod is ensured, the lateral force action can be efficiently received by the detection part, and the sensitivity of the tester is improved.
(3) Lateral force transfer block: and a special resistance strain gauge is adhered to the side surface of the lateral force transmission block to form a stress detection point. When the lateral force transmission block is stressed to deform, the resistance strain gauge on the lateral force transmission block is deformed, and the resistance value of the resistance strain gauge is changed. Because the lateral force transmission block is deformed by extruding with the lateral force base body sheath, in order to ensure the measurement accuracy, the outer diameter of the lateral force detection part at the lateral force transmission block is required to be in interference fit with the base body sheath, so that the lateral force detection part is in hard contact with the base body sheath, and the resistance strain gauge has better linearity near the near zero point.
The method for testing by using the lateral force tester comprises the following steps: the lateral force tester is connected between two sections of oil pumping pipes in the well, the sucker rod reciprocates in the tester, when the sucker rod and the inner wall of the lateral force detection part are eccentrically extruded in a certain radial direction, the lateral force transmission blocks on the lateral force detection part are extruded with the base body sheath of the tester in the same direction, the radial lateral force generated by the eccentric extrusion of the sucker rod and the lateral force detection part is transmitted to the lateral force transmission blocks, the lateral force detection part collects the pressure born by each lateral force transmission block and transmits the pressure to the hardware circuit system, the hardware circuit system judges the direction of the lateral force according to the position angle of two adjacent lateral force transmission blocks with stress, and the hardware circuit system judges the direction of the lateral force according to the pressure born by the two adjacent lateral force transmission blocks with stressAndand compensating the angle by the included angle between two adjacent lateral force transmission blocksCalculating the resultant force, i.e. the lateral force of the oil well rod pipeIn this embodiment, when the angle between two adjacent lateral force transfer blocks is 90 °, the lateral force of the oil well rod pipe is。
The hardware circuit system is arranged in an annular empty chamber formed by the sealing sheath and the thin end of the base sheath, and mainly comprises a signal detection bridge circuit 21, a signal conditioning circuit 22, a main control circuit 23, a data storage circuit 24, a serial communication circuit 25 and a power supply circuit 26, as shown in fig. 5, and the circuit design of each part is described as follows.
(1) A signal detection bridge circuit: the signal detection bridge circuit converts the strain resistance value of the resistance strain gauge into a weak millivolt voltage signal, and the bridge circuit connection mode adopts half-bridge connection; the side force detection device comprises a lateral force transmission block, wherein 1 resistance strain gauge is attached to each of 2 side surfaces of each lateral force transmission block, 2 resistance strain gauges on the same lateral force transmission block are connected in series, strain gauges of an upper lateral force transmission block and a lower lateral force transmission block in the same direction of the lateral force detection block are also connected in series, 4 resistance strain gauges in total are connected in series to form one bridge arm of a half-bridge circuit, and the other bridge wall formed by the other 4 resistance strain gauges connected in series in the opposite direction is connected in a half-bridge mode. The resistance strain gauge adopts a uniaxial strain gauge of Japan Co-Ltd, the resistance value is 350 omega, and the sensitivity coefficient K = 2.03.
(2) The signal conditioning circuit: the voltage signal output by the signal detection bridge circuit is connected with the signal conditioning circuit and is amplified and filtered, and the weak signal is amplified and adjusted to be in a voltage signal range suitable for AD acquisition. As shown in fig. 6, the signal conditioning circuit part selects an instrumentation amplifier AD8231 of ADI corporation to amplify the weak signal output by the sensor in the noise environment. However, when the instrumentation amplifier is applied, a strong radio frequency signal appears, so that a differential RC filter circuit end is designed at the front end of the amplifier to attenuate the radio frequency signal, thereby inhibiting radio frequency interference errors in an amplifying circuit.
(3) A main control circuit: the system selects the singlechip ADuC845 of ADI company as a main control chip, is responsible for the coordination control and the signal A/D conversion of the whole circuit system, can complete the A/D conversion of stress parameters and the detection of the working temperature parameters of underground instruments, reduces the number of chips used in the system, and greatly simplifies the structure of the circuit.
(4) A data storage circuit: the data storage circuit stores the data after the operation and compensation processing of the single chip microcomputer and corresponding time mark data in a FLASH memory. The memory chip is N25Q128 chip from Numonyx
(5) A serial communication circuit: the serial communication circuit is an interface circuit for the tester and the upper computer to exchange data.
(6) A power supply circuit: the power supply circuit takes a high-capacity high-temperature lithium battery as a main power supply, and a power supply chip ADP7102 is selected to process the voltage of the main power supply.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific preferred embodiments and it is not intended that the invention be limited to these specific details. For those skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions or substitutions can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, and all shall be considered as belonging to the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. The lateral force tester for the oil well rod pipe is characterized by comprising a sealing sheath, a base body sheath, a lateral force detection component and a fastening component, wherein the lateral force detection component is used for measuring the lateral force between a sucker rod and oil pipes, the fastening component also comprises a hardware circuit system electrically connected with the lateral force detection component, the hardware circuit system receives and processes a detection signal sent by the lateral force detection component and communicates with an upper computer, the base body sheath is of a cylindrical structure and comprises a thin end and a thick end which are respectively connected with the oil pipes, the inner diameter of the thin end of the base body sheath is larger than that of the oil pipes so as to ensure normal frictional contact between the lateral force detection component and the sucker rod, the base body sheath can be connected between the two oil pipes, the sucker rod can penetrate through the middle of the base body sheath, the sealing sheath is sleeved outside the thin end of the base body sheath, a secondary O-shaped ring seal is arranged between the sealing sheath and the thin end of the base body sheath to form an annular sealing space for placing the hardware circuit system, the lateral force detection component is arranged on the thick end of the base body sheath, the fastening component is arranged on the thick end of the base body sheath and fixedly seals the lateral force detection component, an annular region with a 9 ~ 10mm wide inner side surface of the fastening component, the lateral force detection component is arranged on the thick end of the inner side of the lateral force detection component, the lateral force detection component is connected with the lateral force detection component, the lateral.
2. The oil well rod and pipe lateral force tester of claim 1, wherein: the thin end of the base body sheath is provided with UPTBG outer pipe threads which are connected with the inner pipe threads of the oil pipe; the thick end of the base body sheath is provided with UPTBG inner pipe threads which are connected with the outer pipe threads of the oil pipe.
3. The oil well rod pipe lateral force tester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the hardware circuit system comprises a signal detection bridge circuit, a signal conditioning circuit, a main control circuit, a data storage circuit, a serial communication circuit and a power supply circuit; the signal detection bridge circuit is connected with the main control circuit through the signal conditioning circuit, the data storage circuit and the serial communication circuit are respectively connected with the main control circuit, and the power supply circuit is connected with the signal detection bridge circuit, the signal conditioning circuit, the main control circuit, the data storage circuit and the serial communication circuit for power supply.
4. The oil well rod and pipe lateral force tester as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the signal detection bridge circuit is connected in a half-bridge mode, 1 resistance strain gauge is attached to each of 2 side faces of each lateral force transmission block, 2 strain gauges on the same lateral force transmission block are connected in series, strain gauges of 2 lateral force transmission blocks above and below the lateral force detection part in the same direction are also connected in series, 4 resistance strain gauges in total are connected in series to form one bridge arm of the half-bridge circuit, and the signal detection bridge circuit is connected in a half-bridge mode with the other bridge wall formed by the other 4 resistance strain gauges connected in series in the opposite direction.
5. The oil well rod and pipe lateral force tester as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the signal conditioning circuit comprises an instrument amplifier and a differential RC filter circuit arranged at the front end of the instrument amplifier.
6. A method of testing the lateral force of an oil well string using the lateral force tester of an oil well string according to claim 1, comprising: the lateral force detection component is used for collecting the pressure born by each lateral force transmission block and transmitting the pressure to the hardware circuit system, the hardware circuit system judges the direction of the lateral force according to the position angle of two adjacent lateral force transmission blocks which are detected to be stressed, and calculates the resultant force according to the pressure Fa and the pressure Fh born by the two adjacent stressed lateral force transmission blocks and the complementary angle alpha of the included angle between the two adjacent lateral force transmission blocks, namely the lateral force F =of the oil well rod pipe。
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CN109959476A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-07-02 | 浙江大学 | A kind of sucked type pressure sensor and preparation method thereof |
CN110132473B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-12-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Bending moment measuring mechanism and measuring method, sucker rod bending moment measuring device and measuring method |
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CN203420704U (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-02-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sucker rod string lateral force testing arrangement |
CN103616117A (en) * | 2013-11-29 | 2014-03-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Method and equipment for measuring axial force and lateral force of sucker rod string in three-dimensional well |
CN105092121A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-25 | 中国航空工业集团公司西安飞机设计研究所 | Method of measuring radial force of rigid pipe |
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CN102322989A (en) * | 2011-08-17 | 2012-01-18 | 北京航空航天大学 | Device for measuring radial pressure of underground sucker rod |
CN102778311A (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2012-11-14 | 北京航空航天大学 | Multidimensional radial pressure measuring device of underground sucker rod |
CN203420704U (en) * | 2013-08-15 | 2014-02-05 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Sucker rod string lateral force testing arrangement |
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