CN107061308B - A kind of centrifugal pump and its starting method of the driving of small-sized single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor - Google Patents
A kind of centrifugal pump and its starting method of the driving of small-sized single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN107061308B CN107061308B CN201611037431.0A CN201611037431A CN107061308B CN 107061308 B CN107061308 B CN 107061308B CN 201611037431 A CN201611037431 A CN 201611037431A CN 107061308 B CN107061308 B CN 107061308B
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- rotor
- changing rate
- current
- synchronous motor
- predetermined digit
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D15/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P6/00—Arrangements for controlling synchronous motors or other dynamo-electric motors using electronic commutation dependent on the rotor position; Electronic commutators therefor
- H02P6/14—Electronic commutators
- H02P6/16—Circuit arrangements for detecting position
- H02P6/18—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements
- H02P6/185—Circuit arrangements for detecting position without separate position detecting elements using inductance sensing, e.g. pulse excitation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D13/00—Pumping installations or systems
- F04D13/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
- F04D13/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
Abstract
A kind of centrifugal pump and its starting method of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor driving, which includes the impeller of directional-rotation, the single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor and control module for directly driving the impeller.Motor is 2 poles and impeller diameter no more than 60mm or motor is 4 poles and impeller diameter no more than 100mm；The width of air gap is narrowed in each pole lower edge setting circumferencial direction between stator and rotor, thus in a free state, the axis of each pole of rotor is using the axis of hithermost one pole of stator as reference, along setting rotation to deflecting an acute angle；Control module includes processing unit, inspection stream unit and the switch fed to the synchronous motor for being controlled by processing unit.Processing unit receives AC supply voltage signal and winding current signal, provides direct current power source voltage signal.Processing unit determines rotor-position by detecting current changing rate, and no setting is required individual rotor-position sensor, control is simple, reduces cost；Current changing rate detects in the state of pumping and being powered, and accuracy is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the small-size centrifugal pumps that small-size centrifugal pump field, in particular to a kind of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor drive
Starting method.
Background technique
Currently, the starting method for the centrifugal pump that common single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor drives has embedded position sensor method.
The accuracy of embedded position sensor method detection is high, such as CN102751922B, but has certain requirement to the structure of pump, needs
Design has special space placement location sensor, and special structure design and exclusive component increase cost, make to pump
The requirement made is also more stringent.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcome it is above-mentioned in the prior art the shortcomings that, it is simply and at low cost small to provide a kind of structure
Type single-phase permanent magnetic synchronous centrifugal pump and a kind of control for the centrifugal pump are simple, the high starting method of accuracy.
To achieve the goals above, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
The present invention provides a kind of small-size centrifugal pump of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor driving, including what is rotated according to predetermined direction
Impeller, the single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor and control module for directly driving the impeller, the synchronous motor includes number of poles and stator
Identical p-m rotor and stator equipped with winding, the number of poles of synchronous motor stator are 2 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than 60mm；Or
The number of poles of person's synchronous motor stator is 4 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than 100mm；The width of air gap is in each pole lower edge between stator and rotor
Circumferencial direction is set to narrow, thus in a free state, the axis of each pole of rotor is ginseng with the axis of hithermost one pole of stator
According to along one sharp angle of the direction of rotation of setting deflection.Control module includes processing unit, inspection stream unit, for being controlled by
The switch that the synchronous motor of the processing unit is fed, the processing unit receive AC supply voltage signal and around
Group current signal, provides direct current power source voltage signal；
The control module realizes the starting of the centrifugal pump according to following steps:
(1) first pre-determined bit is attempted, and is generated at least using during the first polar half period of AC supply voltage
One the first predetermined digit pulse to feed electric current to the winding, in the stipulated time section of a first predetermined digit pulse
Electric current is sampled at least twice, detects the first current changing rate；
(2) second pre-determined bits are attempted, using polar in AC supply voltage and described first opposite polarity second
The predetermined digit pulse of at least one generated during half period second to feed electric current to the winding, predetermined at one described second
Electric current is sampled at least twice in the stipulated time section of digit pulse, detects the second current changing rate；
(3) comparison for passing through the first current changing rate and the second current changing rate, detects the initial position of rotor: if first
Current changing rate connects switch less than the second current changing rate under the first polarity of AC supply voltage, starts synchronous motor；
If the first current changing rate is greater than the second current changing rate, switch is connected under the second polarity of AC supply voltage, starting is same
Walk motor.
Wherein, the described first predetermined digit pulse and the second predetermined digit pulse are in intensity change rotor-position
The mode of change configures.First current changing rate and the second current changing rate calculate according to the following formula:
The difference ÷ sampling interval duration of the electric current for first/second current changing rate=sample twice in succession.
Further, the described first predetermined digit pulse and the second predetermined digit pulse are the identical pulse of intensity.
Further, the intensity of the described first predetermined digit pulse and the second predetermined digit pulse is by initial phase shift angle modulation,
The initial phase shifting angle is obtained by presetting according to different AC supply voltages by detection AC supply voltage.
Further, the method also includes waiting step, the waiting step is by each first predetermined digit pulse and
Two predetermined digit pulses are mutually separated, and the waiting step has sufficient length to ensure the described first predetermined digit pulse and second in advance
Position pulse is only applied to winding when rotor stability is static.
Further, the switch is three terminal bidirectional alternating-current switch.
The lesser centrifugal pump of the impeller that the present invention drives permanent magnet synchronous motor has the beneficial effect that
1, in mechanical structure, no setting is required individual rotor-position sensor, structure is simple, reduces cost.
2, in starting method, detection current changing rate step is simple, easy to operate, detects in the state of pumping and being powered,
Accuracy is high.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the electrical block diagram of centrifugal pump of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of centrifugal pump rotor of embodiment of the present invention position；
Fig. 3 is the current waveform schematic diagram of centrifugation pump startup of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the basic mechanical construction drawing of centrifugal pump of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of the starting method of centrifugal pump of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the basic mechanical construction drawing of centrifugal pump iron core of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The basic mechanical structure of centrifugal pump of the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Figure 4, comprising:
--- (Fig. 4 shows the laminated core 3 and winding 12 of the motor stator to U-iron core single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor
And the section of p-m rotor 1) and its receded disk impeller 105 through an actuating mechanism coaxial transmission.Receded disk impeller 105 has
4 blades.The number of blade may be 3,5 or 6, but had better not be more than 8, and according to odd number piece, be more advantageous to reduction vibration
Moving noise.Impeller is injection molding, diameter 60mm.Impeller should not be too large so that rotary inertia it is excessive, to cooperate motor still not
Too big staring torque；But it is also unsuitable too small, to adapt to rotary inertia of the invention with enough.
--- wound impeller plays the pump cover 106 of spiral case；
--- support or/and close the pump housing 107, the bearing of the permasyn morot, impeller 105 and pump cover 106
The attachmentes such as 108 and sealing ring 109；
--- rotor drum 171 inserts between the stator and rotor of the permasyn morot and plays impermeable role.
The electromagnetism basic structure of above-mentioned U-iron core single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor is as shown in Figure 6, comprising: radial the two poles of the earth are filled
The cylindrical magnet rotor 1 of magnetic；Stator 2, laminated core 3 and stator winding 12 including illustrating "U" shaped；Stator winding 12 twines
It is integral after being around in left and right two plastic cord coil 121 by 122 plastic packaging of surface layer plastics；The left arm 31 and right arm 32 of iron core 3 divide
The top exposed after 121 left and right two inner holes of plastic cord coil is not passed through forms pole-face by past 1 cylindrical surface left and right side of rotor
Left pole shoe 311 and right pole shoe 316；Polar front shape is two sections of arc surfaces coaxial with rotor 1 that indent forms ladder connection: edge
Clockwise, the biggish arc surface of radius, followed by the lesser arc surface of radius before this；The upper and lower pole tip of left pole shoe 311
Plane is parallel with the diagram symmetry axis 30 of "U" shaped where the upper and lower pole tip of place plane and right pole shoe 316, stator field
Axis 20 is then vertical with symmetry axis 30.Therefore, the field axis 10 of p-m rotor 1 is i.e. relative to stator field axis 20 to air gap
The small direction of short i.e. magnetic resistance is to deflect an angle naturally clockwise, constitutes starting angle.The design can avoid in free state
Lower rotor part stays in so-called " dead point " position of detent torque zero when its axis is overlapped with the axis of stator salient poles and makes to be powered,
Be formed by reluctance torque also help prevent operating in rotor do not generate torque when alternating current zero passage and stall.
Said stator structure to illustrate horizontal segment 33 that two vertical arms 31,32 of "U" shaped are pole body and bottom as magnetic yoke,
But also having using the horizontal segment for illustrating "U" shaped bottom is pole body and two vertical arms as the structure of magnetic yoke, the stator winding of the latter
Pole body is wound in only on 1 bobbin.
Centrifugal pump circuit structure described in the embodiment of the present invention is as shown in Figure 1, include the impeller rotated according to the predetermined direction, direct
The single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor M and control module of the impeller are driven, the synchronous motor M includes that number of poles is identical with stator forever
Magnet rotor and stator equipped with winding, the number of poles of motor stator are 2 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than 60mm or motor stator
The number of poles of son is 4 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than 100mm；The width of air gap sets circumferencial direction in each pole lower edge between stator and rotor
It narrows, thus in a free state, the axis of each pole of rotor is using the axis of hithermost one pole of stator as reference, along the rotation of setting
Turn direction and deflects a sharp angle.The control module includes processing unit, inspection stream unit, for single to the processing is controlled by
The switch Traic that the synchronous motor of member is fed, the processing unit receive AC supply voltage signal and winding electricity
Signal is flowed, direct current power source voltage signal is provided.The switch is three terminal bidirectional alternating-current switch.
Flow chart such as Fig. 5 of one specific embodiment of the method for the invention, comprising the following steps:
S1, detection AC supply voltage, obtain initial phase shifting angle according to different AC supply voltages by presetting.
S2, the first pre-determined bit are attempted, using what is generated during the first polar half period of AC supply voltage, pulse
Intensity feeds electric current to the winding by least one first predetermined digit pulse of the initial phase shift angle modulation.
S3, electric current is sampled in the stipulated time section of a first predetermined digit pulse at least twice, is detected
First current changing rate out.
S4, waiting step, the time that shutdown switchs lasting specific length are totally stationary to rotor.
S5, the second pre-determined bit are attempted, using polar in AC supply voltage and described first opposite polarity second
It is generated during half period, at least one second predetermined digit pulse identical with the first pre-determined bit pulse strength is come to the winding
Feed electric current.
S6, electric current is sampled in the stipulated time section of a second predetermined digit pulse at least twice, is detected
Second current changing rate out.
S7, by the comparison of the first current changing rate and the second current changing rate, detect the initial position of rotor: if first
Current changing rate is transferred to S8 less than the second current changing rate；If the first current changing rate is greater than the second current changing rate, it is transferred to
S9。
S8, switch is connected under the first polarity of AC supply voltage, start motor.
S9, switch is connected under the second polarity of AC supply voltage, start motor.
Wherein, the described first predetermined digit pulse and the second predetermined digit pulse are in intensity change rotor-position
The mode of change configures.First current changing rate and the second current changing rate calculate according to the following formula:
The difference ÷ sampling interval duration of the electric current for first/second current changing rate=sample twice in succession.
When realizing the centrifugation pump startup of small-sized single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor driving according to the method, there are two types of rotor-positions
State, in the first predetermined digit pulse with the second pre-determined bit pulse strength in identical, opposite polarity situation, rotor generation will not make
, there are altogether tetra- kinds of situations of 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d as shown in Figure 2 in the shake that rotor-position changes.By the polarity of pulse current and
The comparison of first, second current changing rate obtains the state of rotor-position, and the alternating current of suitable polarity is selected according to rotor-position
Source voltage realizes starting.
If the case where rotor-position is 4c, 4d in Fig. 2 before activation, such as the 31 of Fig. 3, AC supply voltage is detected, by pre-
It first sets and initial phase shifting angle is obtained according to different AC supply voltages；In the first pre-determined bit is attempted, according to initial phase shifting angle
The polarity of the pulse current a1 of modulation is negative, and inspection stream unit carries out twice the pulse current a1 in a stipulated time section
T1, t2 are sampled, processing unit is according to formula " the first current changing rate=(second of pulse current a1 sampled value-first time arteries and veins
Rush electric current a1 sampled value) ÷ sampling interval duration " calculate the first current changing rate, then control switch Traic turn off it is steady to rotor
It is fixed static；It in the second pre-determined bit is attempted, is positive according to the polarity of the pulse current b1 of initial phase shift angle modulation, inspection stream unit exists
Double sampling t3, t4 are carried out to the pulse current b1 in one stipulated time section, " the second electric current becomes processing unit according to formula
Rate=(second of pulse current b1 sampled value-first time pulse current b1 sampled value) ÷ sampling interval duration " calculates second
Current changing rate, then control switch Traic turn off it is static to rotor stability；By comparing, the first current changing rate is less than second
Current changing rate determines the case where rotor-position is 4c, 4d in Fig. 2, may be flowed into the pulse it starting motor of negative polarity, makes
Rotor rotates counterclockwise as shown in 4d in Fig. 2.
If the case where rotor-position is 4a, 4b in Fig. 2 before activation, such as the 32 of Fig. 3, AC supply voltage is detected, by pre-
It first sets and initial phase shifting angle is obtained according to different AC supply voltages；In the first pre-determined bit is attempted, if according to initial phase shift
The polarity of the pulse current a2 of angle modulation is positive, and inspection stream unit carries out two to the pulse current a2 in a stipulated time section
Secondary sampling t1 ', t2 ', processing unit is according to formula " the first current changing rate=(second of pulse current a2 sampled value-the first
Subpulse electric current a2 sampled value) ÷ sampling interval duration " calculate the first current changing rate, then control switch Traic turn off to turn
Son is stablized static；It in the second pre-determined bit is attempted, is negative according to the polarity of the pulse current b2 of initial phase shift angle modulation, inspection stream is single
Member carries out double sampling t3 ', t4 ' to the pulse current b2 in a stipulated time section, and processing unit is according to formula " second
Current changing rate=(second of pulse current b2 sampled value-first time pulse current b2 sampled value) ÷ sampling interval duration " meter
Calculate the second current changing rate, then control switch Traic turn off it is static to rotor stability；By comparing, the first current changing rate is small
In the second current changing rate, the case where rotor-position is 4a, 4b in Fig. 2 is determined, may be flowed into the pulse it ' starting of positive polarity
Motor rotates rotor counterclockwise as shown in 4a in Fig. 2.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of starting method of the small-size centrifugal pump of single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor driving, the centrifugal pump includes according to predetermined party
To rotation impeller, directly drive the single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor and control module of the impeller, the synchronous motor includes pole
The number of poles of number p-m rotor identical with stator and the stator equipped with winding, synchronous motor stator is 2 poles, and impeller diameter is not more than
60mm；Or the number of poles of synchronous motor stator is 4 poles, impeller diameter is not more than 100mm；The width of air gap is in every between stator and rotor
One pole lower edge sets circumferencial direction and narrows, thus in a free state, the axis of each pole of rotor is with hithermost one pole of stator
Axis is reference, deflects a sharp angle along the direction of rotation of setting, which is characterized in that control module includes processing unit, inspection
Unit, the switch for being fed to the synchronous motor for being controlled by the processing unit are flowed, the processing unit receives
AC supply voltage signal and winding current signal provide direct current power source voltage signal；
The control module realizes the starting of the centrifugal pump according to following steps:
(1) first pre-determined bit is attempted, at least one generated during the first polar half period of AC supply voltage is used
First predetermined digit pulse to feed electric current to the winding, to electricity in the stipulated time section of a first predetermined digit pulse
Stream is sampled at least twice, detects the first current changing rate；
(2) second pre-determined bits are attempted, using in AC supply voltage and the described first opposite polarity second polar half cycle
The predetermined digit pulse of at least one generated during phase second to feed electric current to the winding, in the second pre-determined bit arteries and veins
Electric current is sampled at least twice in the stipulated time section of punching, detects the second current changing rate；
(3) comparison for passing through the first current changing rate and the second current changing rate, detects the initial position of rotor: if the first electric current
Change rate connects switch less than the second current changing rate under the first polarity of AC supply voltage, starts synchronous motor；If the
One current changing rate is greater than the second current changing rate, and switch is connected under the second polarity of AC supply voltage, and starting synchronizes electricity
Machine；
Wherein, the described first predetermined digit pulse and the second predetermined digit pulse be not in intensity to make rotor-position change
Mode configures；First current changing rate and the second current changing rate calculate according to the following formula:
The difference ÷ sampling interval duration of the electric current for first/second current changing rate=sample twice in succession.
2. starting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the first predetermined digit pulse and the second pre-determined bit arteries and veins
Punching is the identical pulse of intensity.
3. starting method according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the first predetermined digit pulse and the second pre-determined bit arteries and veins
The intensity of punching is by initial phase shift angle modulation, and the initial phase shifting angle is by detection AC supply voltage, by presetting basis
Different AC supply voltages obtain.
4. starting method described in any one of claim 1 to 3, which is characterized in that it further include waiting step, it is described etc.
The each first predetermined digit pulse and the second predetermined digit pulse are mutually separated to step, the waiting step have sufficient length with
Ensure that the described first predetermined digit pulse and the second predetermined digit pulse are only applied to winding when rotor stability is static.
5. starting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the switch is three terminal bidirectional alternating-current switch.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611037431.0A CN107061308B (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2017-01-12 | A kind of centrifugal pump and its starting method of the driving of small-sized single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611037431.0A CN107061308B (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2017-01-12 | A kind of centrifugal pump and its starting method of the driving of small-sized single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN107061308A CN107061308A (en) | 2017-08-18 |
| CN107061308B true CN107061308B (en) | 2018-12-25 |
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| CN201611037431.0A Active CN107061308B (en) | 2017-01-12 | 2017-01-12 | A kind of centrifugal pump and its starting method of the driving of small-sized single-phase permanent magnet synchronous motor |
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| CN113965114A (en) * | 2021-11-16 | 2022-01-21 | 江苏科技大学 | Initial sector detection method for rotor position of brushless direct current motor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IT1291608B1 (en) * | 1997-04-18 | 1999-01-11 | Sisme Immobiliare S P A | SINGLE-PHASE SYNCHRONOUS MOTOR ARRANGEMENT WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS |
| CN102185548B (en) * | 2011-04-19 | 2013-02-13 | 北京交通大学 | Method for detecting initial position of rotor of position-sensor-free permanent magnetic synchronous motor |
| CN103166563B (en) * | 2013-04-12 | 2016-02-03 | 上海维宏电子科技股份有限公司 | Permagnetic synchronous motor rotor position initial alignment detection method |
| CN105134617B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2016-10-19 | 江门市地尔汉宇电器股份有限公司 | The small-size centrifugal pump that a kind of permasyn morot drives |
| CN105156339B (en) * | 2015-10-02 | 2017-12-01 | 江门市地尔汉宇电器股份有限公司 | A kind of small-size centrifugal pump of U-iron core single-phase permanent-magnet synchronous motor driving |
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Address after: 529040 No. 336 Qinglan Road, Jiangmen High-tech Development Zone, Guangdong Province Patentee after: Hanyu Group Co., Ltd. Address before: 529040 No. 336 Qinglan Road, Jiangmen High-tech Development Zone, Jiangmen City, Guangdong Province Patentee before: Jiangmen Idear-hanyu Electrical Joint-stock Co., Ltd. |
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