CN107060732A - The accurate measurement and positioning method of multiple spot three-dimensional coordinate in curved drilling hole - Google Patents
The accurate measurement and positioning method of multiple spot three-dimensional coordinate in curved drilling hole Download PDFInfo
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- CN107060732A CN107060732A CN201710255987.5A CN201710255987A CN107060732A CN 107060732 A CN107060732 A CN 107060732A CN 201710255987 A CN201710255987 A CN 201710255987A CN 107060732 A CN107060732 A CN 107060732A
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- measuring point
- dimensional coordinate
- ceasma
- measured
- optic fiber
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/02—Determining slope or direction
- E21B47/022—Determining slope or direction of the borehole, e.g. using geomagnetism
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
Abstract
The present invention relates to the accurate measurement and positioning method of multiple spot three-dimensional coordinate in a kind of curved drilling hole, belong to and the method that three-dimensional coordinate is accurately measured is carried out to different depth each point in curved drilling hole.Go out pre- ceasma aperture three-dimensional coordinate first with total station survey, recycle optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer to be measured the azimuth (β) at each measuring point in pre- ceasma and the angle of pitch (α), the three-dimensional coordinate of each measuring point is calculated using recurrence method.In three-dimensional coordinate CAD diagram, by multiple three-dimensional coordinate point lines of pre- ceasma, the spatial distribution state of pre- ceasma just can be accurately determined.Advantage is：Advanced optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is applied to water conservancy and hydropower industry and carries out drillhole inclination survey, is not disturbed by field magnetic field etc.；Using recurrence method, dexterously optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is combined with total powerstation, the three-dimensional coordinate of each measuring point in hole is accurately measured, is easy into G- Design, the angle of pitch can respectively be drilled in the range of 6 °~60 ° and carry out three-dimensional coordinate measurement.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the side that three-dimensional coordinate (X, Y, H) is accurately measured is carried out to different depth each point in curved drilling hole
Method.
Background technology
In water conservancy and hydropower industry underwater rock plug burst engineering, the pre- ceasma of rock plug mainly play guarantee chock blasting after the degree of lip-rounding and
Reduce explosive to act on destruction of country rock etc., the fine or not success or failure to chock blasting of its hole quality play critical effect.
Due to the pre- ceasma execution conditions limitation of rock plug, the pre- ceasma construction of rock plug is extremely difficult to design requirement, often produces
Larger deflection is even bent,, need to be to complete to ensure chock blasting success for considering to safety and in terms of the duration
Different depth each point measures that there is provided the accurate three-dimensional coordinate of each measurement point (X, Y, H) on into the pre- ceasma axially bored line of each rock plug
Data, so that it is determined that the actual spatial distribution state of pre- ceasma, is easy to design department to be adjusted explosion design parameter.
Measurement industry is generally by optical instrument (such as theodolite, total powerstation) or electromagnetic wave instrument (such as RTK at present
Deng) accurate measurement and positioning is carried out to earth's surface each point, the accurate measurement and positioning of three-dimensional coordinate is carried out to each point in the curved drilling of underground, this
Quasi-instrument is just helpless.
Measurement to underground opening generally uses inclinometer, and general clinograph can only accurately measure bowing for drilling
, there is very big error to bore direction angular measurement in the elevation angle, it is impossible to which carrying out three-dimensional coordinate for each point in device to hole, accurately measurement is fixed
Position.
Once wide variety of " bulb deviational survey method in hole " was typically suitable in the detection of Three Gorges Permanent horizontal cable hole hole deviation
For the measurement and positioning of flat hole, do not applied to for curved drilling yet.
Current domestic more popular electronic compass inclinometer, azimuth accuracy can reach 0.3 °~0.5 °, and pitching angular accuracy can
0.1 ° is reached, but it is very sensitive to magnetic interference, it is impossible to accurate measurement and positioning is carried out to field drilling.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides the accurate measurement and positioning method of multiple spot three-dimensional coordinate in a kind of curved drilling hole, is a kind of not dry by magnetic field
Disturb, the method that three-dimensional coordinate (X, Y, H) is accurately measured can be carried out to different depth each point in the curved drilling hole of underground.
The present invention is adopted the technical scheme that, is comprised the following steps：
(1) preparation before detecting
(1) designed to pre- ceasma, unit in charge of construction understands the distribution that can detect hole and quantity；
(2) because the pre- ceasma of rock plug is radially evenly distributed on rock plug counter-slope shape face, detection work need to be in pin
Set up and completed on 3 × more than 3m platform in hand cradle, Platform Requirements abut palisades as far as possible；
(3) accurately and reliably, in detection process need to stop all constructions interference that can produce vibration for guarantee detection data；
(4) before detection construction, borehole cleaning need to be carried out, it is desirable to which cleaning is without landwaste silt particle and other debris in pre- ceasma；
(2) detection of pre- ceasma
(1) pre- ceasma aperture three-dimensional coordinate (X0, Y0, H0) is gone out using total station survey,
(2) azimuthal angle beta and angle of pitch α at each measuring point in pre- ceasma are measured using optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer,
1) because optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is diameter 42mm, long 2.3m rod member need to be processed into push rod with 1/2 " steel splitting pipe
Instrument is delivered into bottom hole；
2) it is sent to after bottom hole, has remembered hole depth, and carry out azimuth and the pitch angle measurement work of the depth；
3) after bottom hole measuring point is measured, by 2m~3m spacing, measured successively to aperture different hole depths azimuth and
The angle of pitch, until aperture；
4) to ensure detection data reliability, each measurement point surveys two groups of data, i.e. azimuth and the angle of pitch and respectively surveys two
Data；
5) for ensure each measuring point data can successful acquisition, during instrument gathered data, should take measures to ensure outside hole
Push rod remains static；
6) scene performs writing task, prevents situations such as misremembering hole number and hole depth and occurs；
(3) three-dimensional coordinate (X, Y, H) of each measuring point is calculated using recurrence method
The aperture coordinate that is gone out using total station survey, elevation are as the coordinate at pre- ceasma zero point, elevation, in this, as calculating
Basic point (X0, Y0, H0)；
Then three-dimensional coordinate (X1, Y1, H1) solution formula at first measuring point is：
X1=X0+h1*cos (/ α1/)*cos(β1)；
Y1=Y0+h1*cos (/ α1/)*sin(β1)；
H1=H0+h1*sin (α1)；
In formula：
H1 is distance (m) of the basic point to the 1st measuring point
α1The angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 1st measuring point；
β1The azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 1st measuring point；
Then with the three-dimensional coordinate (X1, Y1, H1) of the 1st measuring point that calculates to calculate basic point, then the 2nd measuring point three-dimensional
Coordinate (X2, Y2, H2) solution formula is：
X2=X 1+h 2*cos (/ α2/)*cos(β2)；
Y2=Y 1+h 2*cos (/ α2/)*sin(β2)；
H2=H 1+h 2*sin (α2)；
In formula：
H2 is distance (m) of the 1st measuring point to the 2nd measuring point
α2The angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 2nd measuring point；
β2The azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 2nd measuring point；
……
The rest may be inferred can, three-dimensional coordinate (Xn, Yn, Hn) solution formula of n-th of measuring point is：
Xn=Xn-1+hn*cos (/ αn/)*cos(βn)；
Yn=Yn-1+hn*cos (/ αn/)*sin(βn)；
Hn=Hn-1+hn*sin (αn)；
In formula：
Hn is distance (m) of (n-1)th measuring point to n-th of measuring point
αnThe angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in n-th of measuring point；
βnThe azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in n-th of measuring point；
Through above-mentioned calculating, it is known that the three-dimensional coordinate of pre- each measuring point of ceasma, each measuring point is connected in CAD 3D stereogram
Line, just can draw out the spatial distribution state of the pre- ceasma.
The present invention is to be combined first using advanced optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer with total powerstation, using recurrence method principle, is touched
It is a set of not by magnetic interference that rope goes out, and three-dimensional coordinate (X, Y, H) essence can be carried out to different depth each point in the curved drilling hole of underground
The method really measured.
At present, optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is designed, no using relatively wide in the Directional Drilling of oil exploitation industry using automatically north seeking
Influenceed by magnetic interference, using the professional sensor such as high-precision optical fiber gyro sensor, accelerometer, measurement drilling (well) pitching
The parameter such as angle and azimuth.
Instrument core is optical fibre gyro inserting tube, by 3-axis acceleration sensor and optical fibre gyro sensor group into interior
Put embedded microprocessor system.Optical fibre gyro sensor is used for the angular velocity component for measuring earth rotation, acceleration transducer
For measuring the angle of inserting tube axis and gravitational field and the high corner of inserting tube, above-mentioned signal is not influenceed by magnetic field.With reference to work as
Ground latitude value, azimuth and the angle of pitch of measuring point can be calculated through the software kit on PC.
Country's precision highest is optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer at present, and its important technological parameters is:
Hole deviation angular region and error：0 °~90 ° ± 0.1 °；
Hole deviation azimuth coverage and error：0 °~360 ° ± 2 ° (6 °<inc<60°)；
Operating temperature range：0 DEG C~+70 DEG C.
Azimuth parametric measurement
There is a fixed azimuth system in theory with engineering survey coordinate system in optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer measuring system
System difference, we term it orientation angular dimensions here.In order that azimuth that optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is measured and engineering survey
Azimuth in coordinate system matches, and demand goes out orientation angular dimensions.
Orientation angular dimensions can (precision of total powerstation be 2+2ppm, 30 seconds, can be approx by whole station by using total powerstation
The azimuth that instrument is measured is as standard value) method that azimuth measured by optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is verified is obtained.Use
Total powerstation and optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer carry out azimuth determination to the same straight line of different directions simultaneously, and optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is measured
Azimuth value compared with the azimuth value (standard) that total powerstation is measured, obtain multigroup azimuth angle deviation value, then to many prescriptions
Azimuth deviation value is averaged, and the average value is orientation angular dimensions.
Advantages of the present invention is：Advanced optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is applied to water conservancy and hydropower industry and carries out drillhole inclination survey,
Do not disturbed by field magnetic field etc.；Using recurrence method, dexterously optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is combined with total powerstation, accurately measured
The three-dimensional coordinate of each measuring point, is easy into G- Design in hole, the angle of pitch can respectively be drilled in the range of 6 °~60 ° and carry out three-dimensional coordinate
Measurement.
Embodiment
Comprise the following steps：
(1) preparation before detecting
(1) designed to pre- ceasma, unit in charge of construction understands the distribution that can detect hole and quantity；
(2) because the pre- ceasma of rock plug is radially evenly distributed on rock plug counter-slope shape face, detection work need to be in pin
Set up and completed on 3 × more than 3m platform in hand cradle, Platform Requirements abut palisades as far as possible；
(3) accurately and reliably, in detection process need to stop all constructions interference that can produce vibration for guarantee detection data；
(4) before detection construction, borehole cleaning need to be carried out, it is desirable to which cleaning is without landwaste silt particle and other debris in pre- ceasma；
(2) detection of pre- ceasma
(1) pre- ceasma aperture three-dimensional coordinate (X0, Y0, H0) is gone out using total station survey,
(2) azimuthal angle beta and angle of pitch α at each measuring point in pre- ceasma are measured using optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer,
1) because optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is diameter 42mm, long 2.3m rod member need to be processed into push rod with 1/2 " steel splitting pipe
Instrument is delivered into bottom hole；
2) it is sent to after bottom hole, has remembered hole depth, and carry out azimuth and the pitch angle measurement work of the depth；
3) after bottom hole measuring point is measured, by 2m~3m spacing, measured successively to aperture different hole depths azimuth and
The angle of pitch, until aperture；
4) to ensure detection data reliability, each measurement point surveys two groups of data, i.e. azimuth and the angle of pitch and respectively surveys two
Data；
5) for ensure each measuring point data can successful acquisition, during instrument gathered data, should take measures to ensure outside hole
Push rod remains static；
6) scene performs writing task, prevents situations such as misremembering hole number and hole depth and occurs；
(3) three-dimensional coordinate (X, Y, H) of each measuring point is calculated using recurrence method
The aperture coordinate that is gone out using total station survey, elevation are as the coordinate at pre- ceasma zero point, elevation, in this, as calculating
Basic point (X0, Y0, H0)；
Then three-dimensional coordinate (X1, Y1, H1) solution formula at first measuring point is：
X1=X0+h1*cos (/ α1/)*cos(β1)；
Y1=Y0+h1*cos (/ α1/)*sin(β1)；
H1=H0+h1*sin (α1)；
In formula：
H1 is distance (m) of the basic point to the 1st measuring point
α1The angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 1st measuring point；
β1The azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 1st measuring point；
Then with the three-dimensional coordinate (X1, Y1, H1) of the 1st measuring point that calculates to calculate basic point, then the 2nd measuring point three-dimensional
Coordinate (X2, Y2, H2) solution formula is：
X2=X 1+h 2*cos (/ α2/)*cos(β2)；
Y2=Y 1+h 2*cos (/ α2/)*sin(β2)；
H2=H 1+h 2*sin (α2)；
In formula：
H2 is distance (m) of the 1st measuring point to the 2nd measuring point
α2The angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 2nd measuring point；
β2The azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 2nd measuring point；
……
The rest may be inferred can, three-dimensional coordinate (Xn, Yn, Hn) solution formula of n-th of measuring point is：
Xn=Xn-1+hn*cos (/ αn/)*cos(βn)；
Yn=Yn-1+hn*cos (/ αn/)*sin(βn)；
Hn=Hn-1+hn*sin (αn)；
In formula：
Hn is distance (m) of (n-1)th measuring point to n-th of measuring point
αnThe angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in n-th of measuring point；
βnThe azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in n-th of measuring point；
Through above-mentioned calculating, it is known that the three-dimensional coordinate of pre- each measuring point of ceasma, each measuring point is connected in CAD 3D stereogram
Line, just can draw out the spatial distribution state of the pre- ceasma.
Ground survey is tested
In order to verify that this mensuration solves the reliability of data, we are simulated the pre- ceasma of rock plug using long steel pipe and carry out ground
Planar survey is tested.Simulate pre- ceasma ground survey experiment and complete hole count 8, complete 44 groups of measuring point subtotal, measure each measuring point coordinate
With actual coordinate Mean Deviation value 1.5cm, maximum deviation is 10.6cm, disclosure satisfy that design requirement.
Ground survey conclusion (of pressure testing) is as follows：
There is certain error due to reasons such as optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer precision in the measured value of each measuring point three-dimensional coordinate, but by
It is the solid space point being randomly dispersed in actual value surrounding instruments error range in measured value, each measurement is carried out using recurrence method
In point D coordinates value solution procedure, each measuring point error there is a situation where to weaken or even cancel out each other, and cause final measurement point to be missed
Difference is generally much smaller than the trueness error value of instrument in itself.Theoretically, the limiting value of the mensuration measurement error value is instrument
Trueness error value, but the probability occurred is almost nil.
Claims (3)
1. the accurate measurement and positioning method of multiple spot three-dimensional coordinate, comprises the following steps in a kind of curved drilling hole：
(1) preparation before detecting
(2) detection of pre- ceasma
(1) pre- ceasma aperture three-dimensional coordinate (X0, Y0, H0) is gone out using total station survey,
(2) azimuthal angle beta and angle of pitch α at each measuring point in pre- ceasma are measured using optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer,
(3) three-dimensional coordinate (X, Y, H) of each measuring point is calculated using recurrence method
The aperture coordinate that is gone out using total station survey, elevation are as the coordinate at pre- ceasma zero point, elevation, in this, as calculating basic point
(X0、Y0、H0)；
Then three-dimensional coordinate (X1, Y1, H1) solution formula at first measuring point is：
X1=X0+h1*cos (/ α1/)*cos(β1)；
Y1=Y0+h1*cos (/ α1/)*sin(β1)；
H1=H0+h1*sin (α1)；
In formula：
H1 is distance (m) of the basic point to the 1st measuring point
α1The angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 1st measuring point；
β1The azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 1st measuring point；
Then with the three-dimensional coordinate (X1, Y1, H1) of the 1st measuring point that calculates to calculate basic point, then the 2nd measuring point three-dimensional coordinate
(X2, Y2, H2) solution formula is：
X2=X1+h2*cos (/ α2/)*cos(β2)；
Y2=Y1+h2*cos (/ α2/)*sin(β2)；
H2=H1+h2*sin (α2)；
In formula：
H2 is distance (m) of the 1st measuring point to the 2nd measuring point
α2The angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 2nd measuring point；
β2The azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in the 2nd measuring point；
……
The rest may be inferred can, three-dimensional coordinate (Xn, Yn, Hn) solution formula of n-th of measuring point is：
Xn=Xn-1+hn*cos (/ αn/)*cos(βn)；
Yn=Yn-1+hn*cos (/ αn/)*sin(βn)；
Hn=Hn-1+hn*sin (αn)；
In formula：
Hn is distance (m) of (n-1)th measuring point to n-th of measuring point
αnThe angle of pitch (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in n-th of measuring point；
βnThe azimuth (degree) measured for optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer in n-th of measuring point；
Through above-mentioned calculating, it is known that the three-dimensional coordinate of pre- each measuring point of ceasma, each measuring point is subjected to line in CAD 3D stereogram,
Just the spatial distribution state of the pre- ceasma can be drawn out.
2. the accurate measurement and positioning method of multiple spot three-dimensional coordinate in a kind of curved drilling hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In the preparation before the step (1) detection comprises the following steps：
(1) designed to pre- ceasma, unit in charge of construction understands the distribution that can detect hole and quantity；
(2) because the pre- ceasma of rock plug is radially evenly distributed on rock plug counter-slope shape face, detection work need to be in scaffold
On set up and completed on 3 × more than 3m platform, Platform Requirements abut palisades as far as possible；
(3) accurately and reliably, in detection process need to stop all constructions interference that can produce vibration for guarantee detection data；
(4) before detection construction, borehole cleaning need to be carried out, it is desirable to which cleaning is without landwaste silt particle and other debris in pre- ceasma.
3. the accurate measurement and positioning method of multiple spot three-dimensional coordinate in a kind of curved drilling hole according to claim 1, its feature exists
In (2) in the step (2) are using optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer to the azimuthal angle beta and angle of pitch α at each measuring point in pre- ceasma
It is measured, comprises the following steps：
1) because optic fiber gyroscope inclinometer is diameter 42mm, long 2.3m rod member need to be processed into push rod by instrument with 1/2 " steel splitting pipe
Device delivers to bottom hole；
2) it is sent to after bottom hole, has remembered hole depth, and carry out azimuth and the pitch angle measurement work of the depth；
3) after bottom hole measuring point is measured, by 2m~3m spacing, azimuth and the pitching of different hole depths are measured successively to aperture
Angle, until aperture；
4) to ensure detection data reliability, each measurement point surveys two groups of data, i.e. azimuth and the angle of pitch and respectively surveys two data；
5) for ensure each measuring point data can successful acquisition, during instrument gathered data, should take measures to ensure push rod outside hole
Remain static；
6) scene performs writing task, prevents situations such as misremembering hole number and hole depth and occurs.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108415079A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-17 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Rock stratum interface technique for delineating based on the identification of rock drilling impulsive sound |
| CN108802189A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-13 | 中冶建筑研究总院（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of sound detecting pipe bending velocity of sound correcting device and method |
| CN111622200A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-04 | 四川省川建勘察设计院 | Three-dimensional deformation measuring method for inclinometer tube |
| CN114753836A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-15 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | CT test method for spatial inclined drilling |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108415079A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-17 | 长沙矿山研究院有限责任公司 | Rock stratum interface technique for delineating based on the identification of rock drilling impulsive sound |
| CN108802189A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2018-11-13 | 中冶建筑研究总院（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of sound detecting pipe bending velocity of sound correcting device and method |
| CN111622200A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-09-04 | 四川省川建勘察设计院 | Three-dimensional deformation measuring method for inclinometer tube |
| CN114753836A (en) * | 2022-04-15 | 2022-07-15 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | CT test method for spatial inclined drilling |
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