CN107060318B - Composite building template and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Composite building template and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107060318B CN107060318B CN201710328596.1A CN201710328596A CN107060318B CN 107060318 B CN107060318 B CN 107060318B CN 201710328596 A CN201710328596 A CN 201710328596A CN 107060318 B CN107060318 B CN 107060318B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G9/00—Forming or shuttering elements for general use
- E04G9/02—Forming boards or similar elements
- E04G9/05—Forming boards or similar elements the form surface being of plastics
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/18—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. compression moulding around inserts or for coating articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/02—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor of articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C43/20—Making multilayered or multicoloured articles
- B29C43/203—Making multilayered articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0011—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with compression moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/36—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die
- B29C48/395—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders
- B29C48/40—Means for plasticising or homogenising the moulding material or forcing it through the nozzle or die using screws surrounded by a cooperating barrel, e.g. single screw extruders using two or more parallel screws or at least two parallel non-intermeshing screws, e.g. twin screw extruders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
- B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a composite building template and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the composite building template comprises a plastic template base material, a PP composite layer sheet is thermally connected to the working surface of the plastic template base material, the PP composite layer sheet comprises a non-woven fabric layer, a PP mixture flake layer and a pure PP film layer which are connected into a whole, the pure PP film layer is thermally connected to the upper surface of the PP mixture flake layer, the non-woven fabric layer is thermally connected to the lower surface of the PP mixture flake layer, and the non-woven fabric layer faces to the working surface of the plastic template base material and is thermally connected into a whole. Extruding and melting PP particles, uniformly mixing the PP particles with glass fibers of 30-50 mm, then co-extruding the mixture, temporarily storing the mixture in a heat preservation cylinder, quantitatively extruding the mixture to fall on a PP composite layer sheet positioned at the bottom of a lower die, and then closing the upper die and the lower die, maintaining the pressure and cooling the mixture to form a parison; the periphery of the parison is provided with vertical walls extending upwards, the upper end surface of the parison is provided with a rib plate, then the upper die releases pressure and returns, and the parison is separated from the upper die and trimmed to form a composite building template finished product. The template can be used repeatedly, has low cost and is not adhered to concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a composite building template and a manufacturing method thereof, belonging to the technical field of building templates.
Background
In the building construction process, a formwork needs to be erected on occasions such as concrete pouring and the like, and the formwork adopts a keel as a support. The wooden formwork is often adopted in the occasions with larger areas such as the poured floor, and is mostly plywood. Because the template bears a large load, the strength of the template is required to be high. In the thicker part of the concrete layer, a thicker template or keel supporting density is often required to be increased. And the template can be detached only when the concrete has certain strength, so that the template needs to work in an outdoor environment for a plurality of days after the template is erected every time, and the wooden template is exposed in the outdoor environment, exposed in the sun and night, blown by wind and rain, easy to decay and high in rejection rate. For example, in a burning sun, the wooden template can be cracked quickly due to excessive water loss, so that the strength is reduced; in the season of more rainwater, the wooden template is easy to damp and deform and decay gradually. If the condition occurs before the form is removed, certain hidden danger is brought to construction quality and safety. Due to the reasons, the wood formwork can only be used once, huge resource waste is caused, and the construction cost is greatly increased.
In order to improve the intensity of template, adopt the steel mould more on the market, the steel mould corrodes easily and takes place to bond with the concrete, need brush machine oil on the steel mould working face before using, be not conform to the theory of environmental protection construction, still can stop not bond with the concrete moreover, the template back still can corrode owing to not brush machine oil. In addition, the weight of steel mould is heavy, and the area of single steel mould is little, and a plurality of concatenations cause the bottom surface of concrete not smooth level easily. When the form is disassembled, the steel form is easy to deform locally due to throwing and smashing of workers, and the flatness is influenced.
In order to improve the precision of the template, the aluminum alloy template is applied more and more, but the aluminum alloy template needs welding and is high in manufacturing cost, the problem of bonding with concrete cannot be solved, and the density is still as high as 2.71g/cm for thin film growing in thin film and thin film growing in thin film.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite building template which can be repeatedly used for many times, has low manufacturing cost, is not adhered to concrete and meets the requirement of environment-friendly construction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the composite building template of the invention comprises a plastic template substrate, wherein a working surface of the plastic template substrate is thermally connected with a PP composite layer sheet, the PP composite layer sheet comprises a non-woven fabric layer, a PP mixture sheet layer and a pure PP film layer which are connected into a whole, the pure PP film layer is thermally connected with the upper surface of the PP mixture sheet layer, the non-woven fabric layer is thermally connected with the lower surface of the PP mixture sheet layer, and the non-woven fabric layer faces the working surface of the plastic template substrate and is thermally connected into a whole.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the working surface of the base material of the plastic template is the front surface facing the concrete, when the base material of the plastic template is in a molten state, the base material of the plastic template and the PP composite layer sheet are compounded into a whole, after cooling and shaping, the combination of the base material and the PP composite layer sheet is reliable, the use of hot melt adhesive for bonding is avoided, and the environment protection and the body health of operators are facilitated. The pure PP film layer directly faces to the concrete, and separates the calcium-containing PP mixture slice layer from the calcium-containing concrete, so that the template is prevented from being bonded with the concrete, and the surface of the concrete is smooth after the template is removed. The non-woven fabric layer has an extremely rough surface and has large bonding force with the plastic template base material in a molten state, so that the PP composite layer sheet is prevented from shelling or bubbling on the plastic template base material. The plastic formwork base material plays a role in bearing, the PP composite layer sheet plays a role in isolation, the quality of the demolded concrete is guaranteed, meanwhile, the composite building formwork cannot be damaged due to bonding, cleaning and repeated use are facilitated, and the construction cost is greatly reduced.
As an improvement of the invention, the raw materials of the plastic template substrate comprise PP and glass fiber, and the weight ratio of the PP to the glass fiber is that: glass fiber = 5: (1.8-2.2), the glass fibers have the lengths of 30-50 mm and are uniformly distributed in the PP. The glass fiber is added into the PP to play a role similar to a reinforcing steel bar in concrete, the formula of the invention can improve the tensile strength of the base material of the plastic template by more than 3 times compared with the base material of the common PP material, and can reduce the expansion coefficient of the base material of the plastic template, and the template can be thinner under the same strength so as to save materials and reduce the manufacturing cost.
As a further improvement of the invention, the thickness of a pure PP film layer in the PP composite layer sheet is 0.03-0.05 mm, the thickness of a PP mixture sheet layer is 0.5mm, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric is 45 g/square meter.
As a further improvement of the invention, the raw materials of the PP mixture flake layer comprise PP and calcium carbonate particles, and the weight ratio of the PP to the calcium carbonate particles is PP: calcium carbonate particles = 5: (2.5-3.5), the particle size of the calcium carbonate particles is 120 meshes and the calcium carbonate particles are uniformly distributed in the PP. The calcium carbonate particles in the proportion are added into the PP mixture flake layer, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the PP mixture flake layer can be reduced, the expansion coefficient of the PP mixture flake layer is close to that of the plastic formwork base material, and the phenomenon that the PP composite layer sheet foams or exuviates on the plastic formwork base material due to seasonal changes or sunshine factors is avoided.
As a further improvement of the invention, the periphery of the base material of the plastic formwork is provided with vertical walls extending upwards, and the back surface of the base material of the plastic formwork is provided with rib plates which are erected upwards and distributed in a grid shape. When the formwork is used, the vertical walls and the rib plates around the base material of the plastic formwork are supported below the base material of the plastic formwork, so that the reinforcing rib can be used as a reinforcing rib, the strength of the base material of the plastic formwork is greatly improved, the material consumption of the formwork can be reduced under the same strength, and the manufacturing cost is reduced; in addition, the vertical walls on the periphery of the base material of the plastic template are convenient for splicing, positioning and mutual abutting of adjacent templates, so that the stability of the templates is improved, and the template erection and fixation are facilitated.
As a further improvement of the invention, the middle upper part of the vertical wall at the periphery of the base material of the plastic template is distributed with template connecting holes extending along the peripheral length direction. The template connecting holes are convenient for fixedly connecting adjacent templates into a whole through bolts or other connecting pieces, and the connection is more stable and reliable.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for manufacturing a composite building form, which has high strength, can be repeatedly used, has low cost, is not adhered to concrete, and meets the requirements of environmental protection construction.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the manufacturing method of the composite building template of the invention sequentially comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of feeding PP particles with the particle size of 2-3 mm into a feed port of a first double-screw extruder, heating the PP particles to 168-180 ℃ by the first double-screw extruder, extruding the PP particles in a molten state, and feeding the PP particles into a feed port of a second double-screw extruder; the follow closely glass fiber filament is cut off for 30 ~ 50mm after, send into the feed inlet of the double screw extruder of second, and PP is 5 with glass fiber's weight ratio in the feed of the double screw extruder of second: (1.8-2.2); thirdly, after the glass fiber and the molten PP are uniformly mixed in the second double-screw extruder, extruding the mixture from a discharge port of the second double-screw extruder to form a PP glass fiber mixture, and temporarily storing the PP glass fiber mixture in a heat preservation cylinder; placing the smooth surface of a PP composite layer sheet downwards at the bottom of a mold cavity of a lower mold of a compression molding machine, wherein the PP composite layer sheet covers a lower mold cavity bottom plate and is attached to the lower mold cavity bottom plate; the compression molding machine translates along the horizontal guide rail to enable the lower die of the compression molding machine to come under the heat preservation cylinder; sixthly, quantitatively discharging the PP glass fiber mixture from the bottom of the heat preservation cylinder after the PP glass fiber mixture is measured by a metering pump, and enabling the PP glass fiber mixture to fall onto the PP composite layer sheet in a lower die cavity of a compression molding machine; the quietening press translates along the horizontal guide rail to enable the lower die of the pressing press to leave the lower part of the heat preservation cylinder and return to a die assembly station; the upper die of the compression molding machine descends, the upper die and the lower die are closed, and the PP glass fiber mixture is pressed on the PP composite layer sheet to form a parison of the plastic template base material; the periphery of the parison is provided with vertical walls extending upwards, and the upper end surface of the parison is provided with reinforcing plates which are erected upwards and distributed in a grid shape; maintaining the pressure of the upper self-checking mould at the pressure of 15-20 MPa for 5 minutes, and simultaneously introducing cooling water into the upper mould and the lower mould respectively to cool and shape the parison; the upper die is opened and returns upwards, and the parison is separated from the lower die and moves upwards along with the upper die; an upper die ejection cylinder in the upper die ejects downwards to separate the parison from the upper die to fall; trimming the template blank to form a composite building template finished product.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the formula of the invention can improve the tensile strength of the plastic template base material by more than 3 times compared with the common PP material base material, can reduce the expansion coefficient of the plastic template base material, and can make the template thinner under the same strength so as to save materials and reduce the manufacturing cost. And the smooth surface of the PP composite layer sheet in contact with the concrete faces downwards, so that the demoulding is facilitated, the adhesion with the concrete is avoided, the template is protected so as to be reused for multiple times, and the surface of the concrete is smooth. And thirdly, the metering pump discharges the PP glass fiber mixture equivalent to one template from the heat preservation cylinder every time, and after the upper die and the lower die are closed, the PP glass fiber mixture just fills the cavity in the template, so that the waste of materials and the amount of flash are reduced. And fourthly, when the PP glass fiber mixture is still in a molten state, the PP glass fiber mixture is bonded on the PP composite layer sheet through die assembly, after cooling and shaping, the combination of the PP glass fiber mixture and the PP composite layer sheet is reliable, the use of hot melt adhesive bonding is avoided, and the environment and the body health of operators are protected. The bottom wall of the lower die is a smooth surface, so that a PP composite layer sheet can be conveniently placed to form a smooth working surface of the template; the top wall of the upper die is in an uneven shape, a plurality of downward convex square blocks are uniformly distributed, after die assembly, the PP glass fiber mixture is extruded by the upper die and filled into gaps or grooves of the upper die to form vertical walls around the parison and rib plates on the back of the parison, and the parison is formed after cooling and shaping. And sixthly, the upper die is in an uneven shape, and the bonding force between the upper die and the parison is far greater than that of the lower die, so that after the die is opened, the parison is connected to the upper die, the back of the template is pushed by the upper die ejection cylinder to realize die unloading, the working surface of the template is protected, and the working surface is prevented from being extruded. The base material of the plastic formwork plays a role in bearing, the PP composite layer sheet plays a role in isolation, the quality of the demolded concrete is guaranteed, meanwhile, the composite building formwork cannot be damaged due to adhesion, cleaning and repeated use are facilitated, and the construction cost is greatly reduced.
As an improvement of the invention, the steps between the self-tapping and the self-tapping further comprise the following steps: and the core pulling cylinder in the upper die acts on the middle upper part of the vertical wall around the parison to form template connecting holes distributed along the circumferential direction, and then the core pulling cylinder resets. When the base material of the plastic formwork is in a molten state, the formwork connecting holes are directly processed on the upper part of the vertical wall through the core pulling cylinder, so that the adjacent formworks are fixedly connected into a whole through bolts or other connecting pieces during construction, and the connection is more stable and reliable.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the method for manufacturing the PP composite layer sheet in the fourth step includes the steps of: firstly, mixing PP particles with the particle size of 2-3 mm and 120-mesh calcium carbonate particles according to a weight ratio of 5: (2.5-3.5) uniformly mixing; secondly, heating the raw materials in the first step to 160-180 ℃ on a sheet compression molding machine, and pressing a PP mixture sheet with the thickness of 0.5 mm; compounding a pure PP film on the upper surface of the hot PP mixture sheet, and compounding non-woven fabrics on the lower surface of the PP mixture sheet to obtain a PP composite layer sheet, and then cooling the PP composite layer sheet to normal temperature; wherein the thickness of the pure PP film is 0.03-0.05 mm, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric is 45 g/square meter. The calcium carbonate particles in the proportion are added into the PP mixture flake layer, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the PP mixture flake layer can be reduced, the expansion coefficient of the PP mixture flake layer is close to that of the plastic formwork base material, and the phenomenon that the PP composite layer sheet foams or exuviates on the plastic formwork base material due to seasonal changes or sunshine factors is avoided. The pure PP film layer directly faces the concrete, and separates the calcium-containing PP mixture slice layer from the calcium-containing concrete, so that the template is prevented from being bonded with the concrete, and the surface of the concrete is smooth after the template is removed. The non-woven fabric layer has an extremely rough surface and has large bonding force with the plastic template base material in a molten state, so that the PP composite layer sheet is prevented from shelling or bubbling on the plastic template base material.
As a further improvement of the invention, the compounding of the pure PP film and the nonwoven fabric on the hot PP mixture sheet in the step (iii) is performed on a three-roll calender, which comprises three superposed rolls, the axes of the three rolls are parallel to each other and located in the same vertical plane, wherein the upper and lower rolls rotate clockwise, the middle roll rotates counterclockwise, the PP mixture sheet enters from the middle roll to the lower roll along the horizontal plane from left to right, and sequentially winds the middle roll and the upper roll and then moves forward to the right; the non-woven fabric enters from the lower part of the lower roller along the horizontal plane from right to left, is attached to the lower surface of the PP mixture sheet after being wrapped by the lower roller, and then is wrapped by the middle roller and the upper roller together; and a pure PP film enters a space between the middle roller and the lower roller from top to bottom, is attached to the upper surface of the PP mixture sheet, and wraps the middle roller and the upper roller together in a wrapping manner, a cooling cylinder is arranged on the right side of the upper roller, and the PP composite layer sheet advances rightward after wrapping the cooling cylinder. Before the hot PP mixture sheet is cooled, non-woven fabric is wound on a lower roller and then is attached to the lower surface of the PP mixture sheet, and the non-woven fabric and the PP mixture sheet are rolled between a middle roller and the lower roller; after being wrapped by a middle roller, a pure PP film is attached to the upper surface of a PP mixture sheet and is rolled between the middle roller and a lower roller together; the pure PP film and the non-woven fabric are completely bonded on the PP mixture sheet by utilizing the bonding performance of the hot PP mixture sheet, and are completely bonded into a whole through extrusion between the middle roller and the upper roller and wrapping on the middle roller and the upper roller, and then are cooled and shaped by a wrapping cooling cylinder.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of a composite type building template according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a top view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a perspective view of a second embodiment of the composite building panel of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a composite PP composite layer sheet on a three-roll calender.
In the figure: 1. a plastic template base material; 1a vertical wall; 1b, rib plates; 1c, connecting holes of the template; 2, PP composite layer sheet; 2a, a pure PP film layer; 2b, PP mixture flake layer; 2c, a non-woven fabric layer; 3. an upper roller; 4. a middle roller; 5. a lower roller; 6. and (6) cooling the cylinder.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, the composite building template of the present invention includes a plastic template substrate 1, a PP composite layer sheet 2 is thermally connected to a working surface of the plastic template substrate 1, the PP composite layer sheet 2 includes a non-woven fabric layer 2c, a PP mixture sheet layer 2b and a pure PP film layer 2a, the pure PP film layer 2a is thermally connected to an upper surface of the PP mixture sheet layer 2b, the non-woven fabric layer 2c is thermally connected to a lower surface of the PP mixture sheet layer 2b, and the non-woven fabric layer 2c faces the working surface of the plastic template substrate 1 and is thermally connected to the working surface.
The working surface of the plastic formwork base material 1 faces the front surface of the concrete, when the plastic formwork base material 1 is in a molten state, the plastic formwork base material and the PP composite layer sheet material 2 are compounded into a whole, after cooling and shaping, the combination of the plastic formwork base material and the PP composite layer sheet material is reliable, the hot melt adhesive bonding is avoided, and the environment and the body health of operators are protected. The pure PP film layer 2a directly faces the concrete, and the calcium-containing PP mixture flake layer 2b is isolated from the calcium-containing concrete, so that the template is prevented from being bonded with the concrete, and the surface of the concrete is smooth after the template is removed. The non-woven fabric layer 2c has an extremely rough surface, and has a large bonding force with the plastic template base material 1 in a molten state, so that the PP composite layer sheet 2 is prevented from being peeled or foamed on the plastic template base material 1. The plastic formwork base material 1 plays a role in bearing, the PP composite layer sheet material 2 plays a role in isolation, the quality of the demolded concrete is guaranteed, meanwhile, the composite building formwork cannot be damaged due to bonding, cleaning and repeated use are facilitated, and the construction cost is greatly reduced.
The raw materials of the plastic template substrate 1 comprise PP and glass fiber, and the weight ratio of the PP to the glass fiber is PP: glass fiber = 5: (1.8-2.2), the length of the glass fiber is 30-50 mm and the glass fiber is uniformly distributed in the PP. The glass fiber is added into the PP to play a role similar to a reinforcing steel bar in concrete, the formula of the invention can improve the tensile strength of the plastic template base material 1 by more than 3 times compared with the common PP material base material, and can reduce the expansion coefficient of the plastic template base material 1, and under the same strength, the template can be thinner so as to save materials and reduce the manufacturing cost.
The thickness of a pure PP film layer 2a in the PP composite layer sheet 2 is 0.03-0.05 mm, the thickness of a PP mixture sheet layer 2b is 0.5mm, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric is 45 g/square meter.
The raw materials of the PP mixture flake layer 2b comprise PP and calcium carbonate particles, and the weight ratio of the PP to the calcium carbonate particles is PP: calcium carbonate particles = 5: (2.5-3.5), the particle size of the calcium carbonate particles is 120 meshes and is uniformly distributed in the PP. The calcium carbonate particles with the proportion of the invention are added into the PP mixture flake layer 2b, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the PP mixture flake layer 2b can be reduced, the expansion coefficient of the PP mixture flake layer 2b is close to that of the plastic formwork substrate 1, and the bubbling or shelling of the PP composite layer sheet 2 on the plastic formwork substrate 1 caused by seasonal changes or sunshine factors is avoided.
The periphery of the plastic formwork base material 1 is provided with a vertical wall 1a extending upwards, and the back of the plastic formwork base material 1 is provided with a rib plate 1b which is erected upwards and distributed in a grid shape. The bottom plate of the plastic template base material 1 is bonded with the non-woven fabric layer 2c of the PP composite layer sheet material 2. When the formwork is used, the vertical walls 1a and the rib plates 1b on the periphery of the base material 1 of the plastic formwork are supported below the base material 1 of the plastic formwork, so that the function of a reinforcing rib can be realized, the strength of the base material 1 of the plastic formwork is greatly improved, the material consumption of the formwork can be reduced under the same strength, and the manufacturing cost is reduced; in addition, the vertical walls 1a on the periphery of the plastic formwork base material 1 are convenient for splicing, positioning and mutual abutting of adjacent formworks, so that the stability of the formworks is improved, and the formwork erection and the fixing are convenient.
The middle upper part of the vertical wall 1a around the plastic template base material 1 is distributed with template connecting holes 1c extending along the peripheral length direction. The template connecting holes 1c facilitate the fixed connection of adjacent templates into a whole through bolts or other connecting pieces, and the connection is more stable and reliable.
The manufacturing method of the composite building template sequentially comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the steps of feeding PP particles with the particle size of 2-3 mm into a feed port of a first double-screw extruder, heating the PP particles to 168-180 ℃ by the first double-screw extruder, extruding the PP particles in a molten state, and feeding the PP particles into a feed port of a second double-screw extruder;
the feed inlet that feeds into the two screw extruder of second after cutting off glass fiber filament for 30 ~ 50mm is handled, and PP is 5 with glass fiber's weight ratio in the feed of the two screw extruder of second: (1.8-2.2);
thirdly, after the glass fiber and the molten PP are uniformly mixed in the second double-screw extruder, extruding the mixture from a discharge port of the second double-screw extruder to form a PP glass fiber mixture, and temporarily storing the PP glass fiber mixture in a heat preservation cylinder;
fourthly, placing the smooth surface of the PP composite layer sheet 2 downwards at the bottom of a mold cavity of a lower mold of the compression molding machine, and enabling the PP composite layer sheet 2 to cover and be attached to a lower mold cavity bottom plate;
fifthly, translating the compression molding machine along the horizontal guide rail to enable the lower die of the compression molding machine to come under the heat preservation cylinder;
sixthly, quantitatively discharging the PP glass fiber mixture from the bottom of the heat preservation cylinder after the PP glass fiber mixture is measured by a metering pump, and enabling the PP glass fiber mixture to fall onto a PP composite layer sheet 2 in a lower die cavity of a compression molding machine;
the plastic pressing machine translates along the horizontal guide rail to enable the lower die of the plastic pressing machine to leave the lower part of the heat preservation cylinder and return to the die assembly station;
the upper die of the compression molding machine descends, the compression molding machine is matched with the lower die, and the PP glass fiber mixture is pressed on the PP composite layer sheet 2 to form a parison of the plastic template substrate 1; the periphery of the parison is provided with a vertical wall 1a extending upwards, and the upper end surface of the parison is provided with a rib plate 1b which is erected upwards and distributed in a grid shape;
maintaining the pressure of the upper self-checking mould at the pressure of 15-20 MPa for 5 minutes, and simultaneously introducing cooling water into the upper mould and the lower mould respectively to cool and shape the parison;
the upper die is opened and returns upwards, and the parison is separated from the lower die and moves upwards along with the upper die;
an upper die ejection cylinder in the upper die ejects downwards to separate the parison from the upper die to fall; trimming the template blank to form a composite building template finished product.
The method also comprises the following steps: and the core-pulling cylinder in the upper die acts on the middle upper part of the vertical wall 1a at the periphery of the parison to form template connecting holes 1c distributed along the circumferential direction, and then the core-pulling cylinder resets. When the plastic formwork base material 1 is in a molten state, a formwork connecting hole 1c is directly processed on the upper part of the vertical wall 1a through the core pulling cylinder, so that adjacent formworks are fixedly connected into a whole through bolts or other connecting pieces during construction, and the connection is more stable and reliable.
The method for manufacturing the PP composite layer sheet 2 in step four includes the steps of: firstly, mixing PP particles with the particle size of 2-3 mm and 120-mesh calcium carbonate particles in a weight ratio of 5: (2.5-3.5) uniformly mixing; secondly, heating the raw materials in the first step to 160-180 ℃ on a sheet compression molding machine, and pressing a PP mixture sheet with the thickness of 0.5 mm; compounding a pure PP film on the upper surface of the hot PP mixture sheet, and compounding a non-woven fabric on the lower surface of the PP mixture sheet to obtain a PP composite layer sheet 2, and then cooling the PP composite layer sheet 2 to normal temperature; wherein the thickness of the pure PP film is 0.03-0.05 mm, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric is 45 g/square meter.
As shown in fig. 4, compounding a pure PP film and a non-woven fabric on a hot PP mixture sheet in the step (iii) is performed on a three-roll calender, wherein the three-roll calender comprises three superposed rolls, axes of the three rolls are parallel to each other and are located in the same vertical plane, an upper roll 3 and a lower roll 5 rotate clockwise, a middle roll 4 rotates counterclockwise, the PP mixture sheet enters from between the middle roll 4 and the lower roll 5 along a horizontal plane from left to right, and sequentially winds the middle roll 4 and the upper roll 3 and then advances to the right; the non-woven fabric enters from the lower part of the lower roller 5 from right to left along the horizontal plane, wraps the lower roller 5 and then is attached to the lower surface of the PP mixture sheet, and then wraps the middle roller 4 and the upper roller 3 together; the pure PP film enters a space between the middle roller 4 and the lower roller 5 from top to bottom, is attached to the upper surface of the PP mixture slice and wraps the middle roller 4 and the upper roller 3 together, the right side of the upper roller 3 is provided with a cooling cylinder 6, and the PP composite layer sheet 2 moves forward to the right after wrapping the cooling cylinder 6.
The calcium carbonate particles in the proportion are added into the PP mixture flake layer 2b, so that the thermal expansion coefficient of the PP mixture flake layer 2b can be reduced, the expansion coefficient of the PP mixture flake layer 2b is close to that of the plastic formwork substrate 1, and the PP composite layer sheet 2 is prevented from foaming or shelling on the plastic formwork substrate 1 due to seasonal changes or sunshine factors. The pure PP film layer 2a directly faces the concrete, and the calcium-containing PP mixture flake layer 2b is isolated from the calcium-containing concrete, so that the template is prevented from being bonded with the concrete, and the surface of the concrete is smooth after the template is removed. The non-woven fabric layer 2c has an extremely rough surface, and has a large bonding force with the plastic template base material 1 in a molten state, so that the PP composite layer sheet 2 is prevented from being peeled or foamed on the plastic template base material 1.
Before the hot PP mixture slice is cooled, the non-woven fabric is wrapped on the lower roller 5 and then is attached to the lower surface of the PP mixture slice and is rolled between the middle roller 4 and the lower roller 5; after being wrapped by a middle roller 4, a pure PP film is stuck to the upper surface of a PP mixture sheet and is rolled between the middle roller 4 and a lower roller 5 together; the pure PP film and the non-woven fabric are completely bonded on the PP mixture sheet by utilizing the bonding performance of the hot PP mixture sheet, and are completely bonded into a whole by extrusion between the middle roller 4 and the upper roller 3 and wrapping on the middle roller 4 and the upper roller 3, and then are cooled and shaped by the wrapping cooling cylinder 6.
The total height of the plastic formwork base material 1 is 65mm, and the thicknesses of the bottom plate, the vertical wall 1a and the rib plate 1b of the plastic formwork base material 1 are 8 mm.
The length of the plastic template base material 1 is 600mm, 1100mm, 1200mm or 1800mm, the width of the plastic template base material 1 is 400mm or 600mm, and the sizes can be matched into various specifications.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may have other embodiments. All technical solutions formed by adopting equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention. Technical features of the present invention which are not described may be implemented by or using the prior art, and will not be described herein.
Claims (3)
1. The manufacturing method of the composite building template is characterized by sequentially comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the steps of feeding PP particles with the particle size of 2-3 mm into a feed port of a first double-screw extruder, heating the PP particles to 168-180 ℃ by the first double-screw extruder, extruding the PP particles in a molten state, and feeding the PP particles into a feed port of a second double-screw extruder; the follow closely glass fiber filament is cut off for 30 ~ 50mm after, send into the feed inlet of the double screw extruder of second, and PP is 5 with glass fiber's weight ratio in the feed of the double screw extruder of second: (1.8-2.2); thirdly, after the glass fiber and the molten PP are uniformly mixed in the second double-screw extruder, extruding the mixture from a discharge port of the second double-screw extruder to form a PP glass fiber mixture, and temporarily storing the PP glass fiber mixture in a heat preservation cylinder; placing the smooth surface of a PP composite layer sheet downwards at the bottom of a mold cavity of a lower mold of a compression molding machine, wherein the PP composite layer sheet covers a lower mold cavity bottom plate and is attached to the lower mold cavity bottom plate; the compression molding machine translates along the horizontal guide rail to enable the lower die of the compression molding machine to come under the heat preservation cylinder; sixthly, quantitatively discharging the PP glass fiber mixture from the bottom of the heat preservation cylinder after the PP glass fiber mixture is measured by a metering pump, and enabling the PP glass fiber mixture to fall onto the PP composite layer sheet in a lower die cavity of a compression molding machine; the quietening press translates along the horizontal guide rail to enable the lower die of the pressing press to leave the lower part of the heat preservation cylinder and return to a die assembly station; the upper die of the compression molding machine descends, the compression molding machine is matched with the lower die, and the PP glass fiber mixture is pressed on the PP composite layer sheet to form a parison of the plastic template base material; the periphery of the parison is provided with vertical walls extending upwards, and the upper end surface of the parison is provided with reinforcing plates which are erected upwards and distributed in a grid shape; maintaining the pressure of the self-hairing upper mold for 5 minutes under the pressure of 15-20 MPa, and simultaneously respectively introducing cooling water into the upper mold and the lower mold to cool and shape the parison; the pressure of the upper die is relieved, then the upper die is opened and returns upwards, and the parison is separated from the lower die and moves upwards along with the upper die; an upper die ejection cylinder in the upper die ejects downwards to separate the parison from the upper die to fall; trimming the template blank to obtain a composite building template finished product;
the method for manufacturing the PP composite layer sheet in the fourth step includes the steps of: firstly, mixing PP particles with the particle size of 2-3 mm and 120-mesh calcium carbonate particles according to a weight ratio of 5: (2.5-3.5) uniformly mixing; secondly, heating the raw materials in the first step to 160-180 ℃ on a sheet compression molding machine, and pressing a PP mixture sheet with the thickness of 0.5 mm; compounding a pure PP film on the upper surface of the hot PP mixture sheet, and compounding non-woven fabrics on the lower surface of the PP mixture sheet to obtain a PP composite layer sheet, and then cooling the PP composite layer sheet to normal temperature; wherein the thickness of the pure PP film is 0.03-0.05 mm, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric is 45 g/square meter.
2. The method for manufacturing a composite building template according to claim 1, further comprising the steps between the step of self-tapping and the step of self-tapping, comprising: and the core-pulling cylinder in the upper die acts on the middle upper part of the vertical wall around the parison to form template connecting holes distributed along the circumferential direction, and then the core-pulling cylinder resets.
3. The method for manufacturing the composite building template according to claim 1, wherein the step (c) of compounding the pure PP film and the non-woven fabric on the hot PP mixture sheet is performed on a three-roll calender, the three-roll calender comprises three rolls which are stacked, the axes of the three rolls are parallel to each other and are positioned in the same vertical plane, wherein the upper roll and the lower roll rotate clockwise, the middle roll rotates counterclockwise, the PP mixture sheet enters from the middle roll to the lower roll along the horizontal plane from left to right, and sequentially advances to right after being wrapped around the middle roll and the upper roll; the non-woven fabric enters from the lower part of the lower roller along the horizontal plane from right to left, is attached to the lower surface of the PP mixture sheet after being wrapped by the lower roller, and then is wrapped by the middle roller and the upper roller together; and a pure PP film enters between the middle roller and the lower roller from top to bottom, is attached to the upper surface of the PP mixture sheet, and is wrapped around the middle roller and the upper roller together, a cooling cylinder is arranged on the right side of the upper roller, and the PP composite layer sheet moves forwards to the right after being wrapped around the cooling cylinder.
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| CN110005188A (en) * | 2019-03-30 | 2019-07-12 | 丛建敏 | Carbon fiber and plastics composite shuttering |
| CN112240097A (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-01-19 | 湖南中集新材料科技有限公司 | Splicing type wood formwork for building construction and preparation method thereof |
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