CN107058998A - The preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating and application - Google Patents
The preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating and application Download PDFInfo
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- CN107058998A CN107058998A CN201611026953.0A CN201611026953A CN107058998A CN 107058998 A CN107058998 A CN 107058998A CN 201611026953 A CN201611026953 A CN 201611026953A CN 107058998 A CN107058998 A CN 107058998A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/04—Hardening by cooling below 0 degrees Celsius
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/56—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with more than 1.7% by weight of carbon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
Abstract
The invention discloses the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating and application, matrix material is 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels, by being constituted comprising following components and weight percent content：C 0.11~0.16wt%, Mn 0.5~1.0wt%, Mo 2.3~2.8wt%, Ni 4.0~5.0wt%, Cr 14.0~15.5wt%, N 0.05~0.10wt%, Si are not more than 0.7wt%, and S is not more than 0.02wt%, and P is not more than 0.03wt%, and surplus is Fe；Cladding layer material comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：The 13.12wt% of C 10.65 12.50wt%, Mo 2.36 2.77wt%, Ni 4.08 4.79wt%, Cr 11.18, N 1.96 6.02wt%, Al 0.23 0.37wt%, Si 0.16 0.25wt%, S is not more than 0.05wt%, and P is not more than 0.05wt%, and surplus is Fe；Cladding layer powder is sent into below laser beam by powder feeder using synchronous powder feeding system mode and melted, solidify to form cladding layer in matrix surface, for space flight, aviation, marine field large-scale commercial machine, air fighter, lifting airscrew propeller hub, wear-and corrosion-resistant requires high fastener and load part.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of metal surface treatment technology, and in particular to laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant
The preparation method of coating and application.
Background technology
After precipitation-hardening stainless steel is World War II, due to developing rapidly for Aero-Space, traditional material it is strong
The steel grade that degree and hardness can not meet required performance requirement and develop.Wherein, 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels
It is a kind of ferrimagnet, there is higher intensity, corrosion resistance, inoxidizability and solderability, can be in austenite shape
State is processed, the cold transformation and precipitation-hardening for becoming shaping and welding, control martensite then being handled by improving, and is obtained excellent
Obdurability and corrosion resistance, especially stress corrosion resistant is had greatly improved.And the steel average microhardness is reachable
449HV, with good vertically and horizontally performance, stress concentration sensitivity and technique under relatively low notch sensitivity and low load
Property, it is the structural metallic materials of current composite excellent in mechanical performance, available for 300 DEG C of air and the load of fuel long-term work
Part and fastener, but it is strict to heat treatment requirements, and intensity, hardness decline easily occur causes parts wear and loses
Or rapid failure, improving its wear resistance and corrosion resistance turns into the object of many scholar's research.
Semiaustenitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel is very strict to its each chemical composition and content requirement, and Technology for Heating Processing is multiple
It is miscellaneous, and to the setting and control of temperature will very high accuracy, steel taxis in terms of hardening is processed is larger, deep deformation,
Cold working needs to carry out multiple intermediate annealing often.Therefore to occur hardness, intensity during actual heat treatment, often inclined for the material
Lower Boundary, wearability declines, and causes to break down in actual applications.It is most of to grind to obtain more preferable intensity and hardness
The person of studying carefully changes different periods such as：Temperature when tempering, annealing improves its hardness and intensity.
Wu Kuilin etc. is 250 by temperature, 300,350,470,600 DEG C, study 1Crl5Ni4Mo3N tissue with
Performance, when temperature is less than 200 DEG C, the steel has higher tensile strength and hardness；At 300 DEG C, the tension of material is strong
Degree and hardness are on a declining curve；Between 300-450 DEG C, tensile strength and hardness gradually increase with the rise of temperature again
It is high；When temperature reaches 470 DEG C, tensile strength and hardness can all be raised to peak；When temperature exceeds 470 DEG C, resist
Tensile strength and hardness are again rapid to be declined.
In addition, 1Crl5Ni4Mo3N fatigue performance and anti-wear performance differ greatly relative to decay resistance.Some
Researcher handles to improve its fatigue durability using coating surface, the brush plating nickel on 1Crl5Ni4Mo3N such as Tang Z, research brush
Influence of the nickel plating to performances such as 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N steel fatigue, hydrogen embrittlements, is passed through using the 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N steel of nickel plating technology
After 200h hydrogen embrittlement tests, fragility can be qualified；And its fatigue limit is declined 36%, fatigue can be examined by the function of bushing
Experiment；Nickel coating has good adhesion with 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N steel matrix, and brush nickel plating technology is a kind of reparation
The good method of 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N steel parts.
But no matter the adjustment or surface treatment of heat treatment temperature all singly can only easily change its performance, and method compares
Trouble, influence factor is more, it is impossible to guarantee to improve its intensity, hardness completely.Therefore being badly in need of one kind can improve well
The reinforcement process of 1Crl5Ni4Mo3N combination properties, and the laser melting and coating technique that recent years rises just meets such want very much
Ask.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating.
The present invention also aims to provide the application of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, comprises the following steps：
(1) matrix material is pre-processed：Matrix material is first subjected to vacuum hardening and oil bath after a period of time, Ran Houbing is incubated
Cold treatment is simultaneously incubated air cooling after a period of time；The matrix material after ice-cold processing is tempered again and a period of time air cooling is incubated
Come out of the stove, be that postorder laser melting coating is prepared；
(2) cladding layer material is selected：Cladding layer is different from, content close from step (1) described matrix material element
Powder, the cladding layer powder is regular spherical shape；
(3) laser melting and coating process：Using synchronous powder feeding system laser system mode by step (2) the cladding layer powder by sending
Melted below powder device feeding laser beam, in step (1), described matrix material surface solidifies to form cladding layer.
Matrix material described in step (1) is 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels, described
1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels are diameter 12cm, high 1cm circular steel plate.
Vacuum hardening temperature described in step (1) is 1050-1070 DEG C, and soaking time is 40-60min, and the vacuum is quenched
Matrix material structure after fire is martensite and abundant residues austenite；The ice-cold treatment temperature is-(70-75) DEG C, insulation
Time is 100-120min, and the matrix material structure after the ice-cold processing is martensite and a small amount of retained austenite；Described time
Fiery temperature is 350-400 DEG C, and soaking time is 100-120min, and the matrix material structure after the tempering is martensite and a small amount of
Carbide.
Matrix material described in step (1) comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：C0.11~
0.16wt%, Mn 0.5~1.0wt%, Mo 2.3~2.8wt%, Ni 4.0~5.0wt%, Cr 14.0~15.5wt%, N
0.05~0.10wt%, Si are not more than 0.7wt%, and S is not more than 0.02wt%, and P is not more than 0.03wt%, and surplus is Fe.
It is preferred that, the matrix material described in step (1) comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：C
0.12~0.14wt%, Mn 0.7~0.9wt%, Mo 2.5~2.7wt%, Ni 4.4~4.6wt%, Cr 14.5~
15.0wt%, N 0.07~0.09wt%, Si are not more than 0.5wt%, and S is not more than 0.01wt%, and P is not more than 0.02wt%, remaining
Measure as Fe.
Cladding layer material described in step (2) comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：C 10.65-
12.50wt%, Mo 2.36-2.77wt%, Ni 4.08-4.79wt%, Cr 11.18-13.12wt%, N 1.96-
6.02wt%, Al 0.23-0.37wt%, Si 0.16-0.25wt%, S are not more than 0.05wt%, and P is not more than 0.05wt%, remaining
Measure as Fe.
It is preferred that, the cladding layer material described in step (2) comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：C
11.50-12.00wt%, Mo 2.55-2.65wt%, Ni 4.35-4.55wt%, Cr 11.50-12.50wt%, N 3.50-
5.50wt%, Al 0.30-0.34wt%, Si 0.18-0.22wt%, S are not more than 0.03wt%, and P is not more than 0.02wt%, remaining
Measure as Fe.
Cladding layer powder described in step (2) is the spheroidal powder of 200-300 mesh.
Laser cladding technological parameter described in step (3) includes：Laser power is 1200W~1400W, and sweep speed is
0.01m/s, powder feeder reading 5 (scale) carries powder throughput 380L/h~400L/h, spot diameter 2mm；Described laser melting coating
Using multi-track overlapping melting and coating process, overlapping rate is 40%~50%, and single track cladding layer height is not more than 0.5mm.
The application of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, for space flight, aviation, marine field it is large-scale
Commercial machine, air fighter, lifting airscrew propeller hub, wear-and corrosion-resistant require high fastener and load part.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, the present invention passes through laser melting and coating technique cladding one on semiaustenitic precipitation-hardening stainless steel 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N
Layer wear-and corrosion-resistant cladding layer, makes cladding layer form good metal with matrix and is combined, and intensity and hardness are improved, and improve its wear-resisting
Property, corrosion resistance, improve its wear rate；
2nd, laser melting and coating technique requires that surface preparation low, cladding process is simple, effectively reduces production cost, and laser melts
Cover part and can repeatedly repair and reuse, extend the service life of material, improve the functional reliability of part；
3rd, friction of the laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coated component under unlubricated friction scrape along oil lubrication operating mode
Performance, the corrosion resisting property performance under strong acid medium are excellent, and in the field such as Aeronautics and Astronautics, ocean, chemical industry, extreme environment should
With in extensive range.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is cladding layer powder SEM shape appearance figures of the present invention, wherein, (a) is powder morphology under low power；(b) it is powder under high power
Last pattern.
Matrix-cladding layer metallographic structure after Fig. 2 laser melting coatings of the present invention, wherein, figure (a) is laser cladding layer rim surface zona
The microscopic structure in domain, is thick martensite+ferrite+a small amount of carbide；It is crystal grain distribution in metallurgical binding area, figure to scheme (b)
It is uniform and tiny；It is heat affected area to scheme (c), is interspersed with white portion with black region with tooth form, white portion is Ovshinsky
Body, the tissue of black region is large stretch of dendrite, and dendrite is more thick；It is matrix to scheme (d), it can be seen that tempering
Martensite+retained austenite+a small amount of carbide.
Fig. 3 becomes pressure polishing scratch SEM figures for the matrix and cladding layer dry friction constant speed of the present invention, wherein, (a) and (b) is 25N
Cladding layer；(c) it is 100N cladding layers with (d)；(e) it is 200N cladding layers with (f)；(g) it is 25N matrixes with (h)；(i) it is with (j)
100N matrixes (k) and (l) are 200N matrixes；(a) figure, which can see worn-out surface, many wider deeper, not of uniform size continuous
Ditch dug with a plow, (b) figure can see the oxidation film layer for having sheet in the middle part of polishing scratch, and the pit that small amounts film layer is peeled off；(c), (e) figure
It can be seen that with the rise of load, ploughing phenomena gradually weakens, and oxidation film layer is on the increase, and showing of coming off of oxidation film layer
As also more obvious.
Fig. 4 is matrix of the present invention and cladding layer lap-joint SEM erosion profiles, wherein, (a) is 1000 times；(b) it is 500 times；
(c) it is 200 times；(d) it is 80 times；Cladding layer comes off as we can see from the figure, and exposing lap-joint has typical stress corrosion pureed
Style, surface covers one layer of corrosion product, and cladding not exclusively only exists lap-joint；Temperature liter in cladding area during due to laser melting coating
Height, matrix material own temperature is not high, and larger thermograde is there is in cooling procedure, thus produced in process of setting
Residualinternal stress, and largely there is Cl in corrosive medium-, produce stress corrosion.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not limited to the scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, comprises the following steps：
(1) matrix material is pre-processed：Diameter 12cm, height is made in matrix material 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels
1cm circular steel plate, first vacuum hardening is simultaneously incubated oil bath after 40min at 1050 DEG C, then ice-cold processing and is protected at -70 DEG C
Air cooling after warm 100min；Insulation 100-120min air coolings of being fought next time at 350 DEG C again are come out of the stove, and the matrix material structure after tempering is
Martensite and a small amount of carbide, are that postorder laser melting coating is prepared；Wherein, 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels by comprising
Following components and weight percent content composition：C 0.11wt%, Mn 0.5wt%, Mo 2.3wt%, Ni 4.0wt%, Cr
14.0wt%, N 0.05wt%, Si are not more than 0.7wt%, and S is not more than 0.02wt%, and P is not more than 0.03wt%, and surplus is Fe.
(2) cladding layer material is selected：Cladding layer selects, powder that content different close from step (1) matrix material element,
For the regular spherical shape of 200 mesh, by being constituted comprising following components and weight percent content：C 10.65wt%, Mo
2.36wt%, Ni 4.08wt%, Cr 11.18wt%, N 1.96wt%, Al 0.23wt%, Si 0.16wt%, S are not more than
0.05wt%, P are not more than 0.05wt%, and surplus is Fe.
(3) laser melting and coating process：Step (2) cladding layer powder is passed through by powder feeder using synchronous powder feeding system laser system mode
Send into below laser beam and melt, matrix surface solidifies to form cladding layer in step (1), wherein, laser cladding technological parameter bag
Include：Laser power is 1200W, and sweep speed is 0.01m/s, and powder feeder reading 5 (scale) carries powder throughput 380L/h, hot spot
Diameter 2mm；Described laser melting coating uses multi-track overlapping melting and coating process, and overlapping rate is 40%, and single track cladding layer height is not more than
0.5mm。
The laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating that above-mentioned preparation method is obtained is used for space flight, aviation, sea
Large-scale commercial machine, air fighter, the lifting airscrew propeller hub in foreign field, wear-and corrosion-resistant require high fastener and load part.
Embodiment 2
The preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, comprises the following steps：
(1) matrix material is pre-processed：Diameter 12cm, height is made in matrix material 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels
1cm circular steel plate, the first vacuum hardening at 1070 DEG C is simultaneously incubated oil bath after 40-60min, the then ice-cold processing at -75 DEG C
And it is incubated air cooling after 120min；Insulation 120min air coolings of being fought next time at 400 DEG C again are come out of the stove, and the matrix material structure after tempering is
Martensite and a small amount of carbide, are that postorder laser melting coating is prepared；Wherein, 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels by comprising
Following components and weight percent content composition：C 0.16wt%, Mn 1.0wt%, Mo 2.3~2.8wt%, Ni
5.0wt%, Cr 15.5wt%, N 0.10wt%, Si are not more than 0.5wt%, and S is not more than 0.01wt%, and P is not more than
0.02wt%, surplus is Fe.
(2) cladding layer material is selected：Cladding layer selects, powder that content different close from step (1) matrix material element,
For the regular spherical shape of 300 mesh, by being constituted comprising following components and weight percent content：C 12.50wt%, Mo
2.77wt%, Ni 4.79wt%, Cr 13.12wt%, N 6.02wt%, Al 0.37wt%, Si 0.25wt%, S are not more than
0.05wt%, P are not more than 0.05wt%, and surplus is Fe.
(3) laser melting and coating process：Step (2) cladding layer powder is passed through by powder feeder using synchronous powder feeding system laser system mode
Send into below laser beam and melt, substrate material surface solidifies to form cladding layer in step (1), wherein, laser melting and coating process ginseng
Number includes：Laser power is 1400W, and sweep speed is 0.01m/s, and powder feeder reading 5 (scale) carries powder throughput 400L/h,
Spot diameter 2mm；Described laser melting coating uses multi-track overlapping melting and coating process, and overlapping rate is 50%, and single track cladding layer height is not
More than 0.5mm.
The laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating that above-mentioned preparation method is obtained is used for space flight, aviation, sea
Large-scale commercial machine, air fighter, the lifting airscrew propeller hub in foreign field, wear-and corrosion-resistant require high fastener and load part.
Embodiment 3
The preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, comprises the following steps：
(1) matrix material is pre-processed：Diameter 12cm, height is made in matrix material 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels
1cm circular steel plate, first vacuum hardening is simultaneously incubated oil bath after 50min at 1060 DEG C, then ice-cold processing and is protected at -72 DEG C
Air cooling after warm 110min；Insulation 110min air coolings of being fought next time at 380 DEG C again are come out of the stove, and the matrix material structure after tempering is geneva
Body and a small amount of carbide, are that postorder laser melting coating is prepared；Wherein, C 0.12wt%, Mn 0.7wt%, Mo 2.5wt%, Ni
4.4wt%, Cr 14.5wt%, N 0.07wt%, Si are not more than 0.5wt%, and S is not more than 0.01wt%, and P is not more than
0.02wt%, surplus is Fe.
(2) cladding layer material is selected：Cladding layer selects, powder that content different close from step (1) matrix material element,
For the regular spherical shape of 220 mesh, by being constituted comprising following components and weight percent content：C 11.50wt%, Mo
2.55wt%, Ni 4.35wt%, Cr 11.50wt%, N 3.50wt%, Al 0.30wt%, Si 0.18wt%, S are not more than
0.03wt%, P are not more than 0.02wt%, and surplus is Fe.
(3) laser melting and coating process：Step (2) cladding layer powder is passed through by powder feeder using synchronous powder feeding system laser system mode
Send into below laser beam and melt, substrate material surface solidifies to form cladding layer in step (1), wherein, laser melting and coating process ginseng
Number includes：Laser power is 1300W, and sweep speed is 0.01m/s, and powder feeder reading 5 (scale) carries powder throughput 390L/h,
Spot diameter 2mm；Described laser melting coating uses multi-track overlapping melting and coating process, and overlapping rate is 45%, and single track cladding layer height is not
More than 0.5mm.
The laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating that above-mentioned preparation method is obtained is used for space flight, aviation, sea
Large-scale commercial machine, air fighter, the lifting airscrew propeller hub in foreign field, wear-and corrosion-resistant require high fastener and load part.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, comprises the following steps：
(1) matrix material is pre-processed：Diameter 12cm, height is made in matrix material 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels
1cm circular steel plate, first vacuum hardening is simultaneously incubated oil bath after 50min at 1060 DEG C, then ice-cold processing and is protected at -74 DEG C
Air cooling after warm 115min；Insulation 115min air coolings of being fought next time at 390 DEG C again are come out of the stove, and the matrix material structure after tempering is geneva
Body and a small amount of carbide, are that postorder laser melting coating is prepared；Wherein, C 0.14wt%, Mn 0.9wt%, Mo 2.7wt%, Ni
4.6wt%, Cr 15.0wt%, N 0.09wt%, Si are not more than 0.5wt%, and S is not more than 0.01wt%, and P is not more than
0.02wt%, surplus is Fe.
(2) cladding layer material is selected：Cladding layer selects, powder that content different close from step (1) matrix material element,
For the regular spherical shape of 250 mesh, by being constituted comprising following components and weight percent content：C 12.00wt%, Mo
2.65wt%, Ni 44.55wt%, Cr 12.50wt%, N 5.50wt%, Al 0.34wt%, Si 0.22wt%, S are not more than
0.03wt%, P are not more than 0.02wt%, and surplus is Fe.
(3) laser melting and coating process：Step (2) cladding layer powder is passed through by powder feeder using synchronous powder feeding system laser system mode
Send into below laser beam and melt, substrate material surface solidifies to form cladding layer in step (1), wherein, laser melting and coating process ginseng
Number includes：Laser power is 1350W, and sweep speed is 0.01m/s, and powder feeder reading 5 (scale) carries powder throughput 385L/h,
Spot diameter 2mm；Described laser melting coating uses multi-track overlapping melting and coating process, and overlapping rate is 42%, and single track cladding layer height is not
More than 0.5mm.
The laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating that above-mentioned preparation method is obtained is used for space flight, aviation, sea
Large-scale commercial machine, air fighter, the lifting airscrew propeller hub in foreign field, wear-and corrosion-resistant require high fastener and load part.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, comprises the following steps：
(1) matrix material is pre-processed：Diameter 12cm, height is made in matrix material 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels
1cm circular steel plate, first vacuum hardening is simultaneously incubated oil bath after 50min at 1065 DEG C, then ice-cold processing and is protected at -72 DEG C
Air cooling after warm 110min；Insulation 110min air coolings of being fought next time at 380 DEG C again are come out of the stove, and the matrix material structure after tempering is geneva
Body and a small amount of carbide, are that postorder laser melting coating is prepared；Wherein, C 0.13wt%, Mn 0.8wt%, Mo 2.6wt%, Ni
4.5wt%, Cr 14.8wt%, N 0.08wt%, Si are not more than 0.5wt%, and S is not more than 0.01wt%, and P is not more than
0.02wt%, surplus is Fe.
(2) cladding layer material is selected：Cladding layer selects, powder that content different close from step (1) matrix material element,
For the regular spherical shape of 280 mesh, by being constituted comprising following components and weight percent content：C 11.80wt%, Mo
2.60wt%, Ni 4.40wt%, Cr 12.00wt%, N 4.50wt%, Al 0.32wt%, Si 0.20wt%, S are not more than
0.03wt%, P are not more than 0.02wt%, and surplus is Fe.
(3) laser melting and coating process：Step (2) cladding layer powder is passed through by powder feeder using synchronous powder feeding system laser system mode
Send into below laser beam and melt, substrate material surface solidifies to form cladding layer in step (1), wherein, laser melting and coating process ginseng
Number includes：Laser power is 1200W, and sweep speed is 0.01m/s, and powder feeder reading 5 (scale) carries powder throughput 400L/h,
Spot diameter 2mm；Described laser melting coating uses multi-track overlapping melting and coating process, and overlapping rate is 50%, and single track cladding layer height is not
More than 0.5mm.
The laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating that above-mentioned preparation method is obtained is used for space flight, aviation, sea
Large-scale commercial machine, air fighter, the lifting airscrew propeller hub in foreign field, wear-and corrosion-resistant require high fastener and load part.
It is described with reference to the drawings to above-described embodiment 1-5 laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coatings prepared
Microstructure, microhardness, mechanical property, frictional behaviour and decay resistance carry out analysis and test, data such as table 1-4 institutes
Show.
Each region microhardness in 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N claddings section of table 1 and modulus of elasticity
| Regional | Cladding area | Land | Heat affected area | Matrix |
| Average microhardness/Gpa | 7.134 | 6.079 | 6.04 | 6.722 |
| Average elastic modulus/Gpa | 231.84 | 214.8 | 208.76 | 225.97 |
| H/E | 0.031 | 0.0283 | 0.289 | 0.0297 |
The tensile property of table 2 tests each mean parameter and relative percentage
The weightless test data of table 3
| Time (min) | 30 | 40 | 105 | 190 | 250 |
| Quality (g) before matrix corrosion | 4.2279 | 4.1422 | 4.0583 | 4.1768 | 3.9648 |
| Quality (g) after matrix corrosion | 4.2267 | 4.1411 | 4.0553 | 4.1703 | 3.9571 |
| Matrix corrosion speed (g/min) | 0.000283829 | 0.000265559 | 0.000739226 | 0.001556215 | 0.00194209 |
| Quality (g) before film layer corrosion | 5.929 | 5.9466 | 6.0225 | 5.8151 | 6.0524 |
| Quality (g) after film layer corrosion | 5.9272 | 5.9447 | 6.017 | 5.8014 | 6.0327 |
| Film layer corrosion rate (g/min) | 0.000303593 | 0.00031951 | 0.000913242 | 0.002355935 | 0.003254907 |
| Percentage (%) | 107% | 120% | 124% | 151% | 168% |
The immersion corrosion AC impedance curve simulation of table 4 calculates data RpValue
It can be seen that with reference to accompanying drawing and above-mentioned test data：(1) it is thin toward nexine from cladding area top layer coarse grain zone as known from Table 1
Crystalline region hardness is gradually stepped up, and is drastically declined from fine grained region to land hardness, until the minimum heat affected area of hardness is dropped to, then
Toward the bottom out again of matrix coarse grain zone hardness, until matrix fine grained region, hardness tends towards stability；The average microhardness of cladding area and
Modulus of elasticity is maximum, is secondly respectively matrix, land, heat affected area, and H/E values from land, heat affected area, matrix,
Cladding area is raised successively.
(2) it was found from the tension test data of table 2, matrix and cladding layer+matrix joint sample are ductile rupture, though matrix is moulded
Property be higher by much than cladding layer+matrix joint sample, but tensile strength and yield strength are very nearly the same；The impact absorbing energy of matrix
It is higher than cladding layer+matrix joint sample, illustrate that the toughness of matrix is preferable.
(3) by fretting wear picture, cladding layer and matrix are main during low load low speed under dry friction working condition
Will be based on abrasive wear and oxidative wear, and with the rise of load, speed, oxidative wear occupies main status.
(4) from table 3 it is observed that the corrosion rate of laser cladding layer and stainless steel base increases with the increase of time
Greatly, and with the extension of time, the difference of the corrosion rate of laser cladding layer and matrix is also increasing, in 30min, cladding
The corrosion rate of layer is the 107% of matrix, and after 250min immersions, the corrosion rate of cladding layer is increased sharply for the 168% of matrix；
As can be seen from Table 4, with the increase of soak time, the capacitive reactance arc amplitude of matrix high frequency region is less and less, and Rp values are with leaching
The increase of bubble time is less and less, and Rp values are bigger, and the corrosion resisting property that material is shown is better；So the corrosion resistance of stainless steel base
With the extension of soak time, corrosion resistance is worse and worse；The corrosion resistance of laser cladding layer is with the extension of soak time, corrosion resistance
The trend of first increases and then decreases is first presented, is understood with reference to Fig. 4, the corrosion of laser cladding layer is based on general corrosion, with few
The stress corrosion of amount；The corrosion of matrix is based on spot corrosion, with slight intercrystalline corrosion.
Although above with general explanation and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, at this
On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore,
These modifications or improvements, belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating, it is characterised in that methods described include with
Lower step：
(1) matrix material is pre-processed：Matrix material is first subjected to vacuum hardening and oil bath after a period of time is incubated, then ice-cold place
Manage and be incubated air cooling after a period of time；The matrix material after ice-cold processing is tempered again and a period of time air cooling is incubated to go out
Stove, is that postorder laser melting coating is prepared；
(2) cladding layer material is selected：Cladding layer selects, powder that content different close from step (1) described matrix material element,
The cladding layer powder is regular spherical shape；
(3) laser melting and coating process：Step (2) the cladding layer powder is passed through by powder feeder using synchronous powder feeding system laser system mode
Send into below laser beam and melt, described matrix material surface solidifies to form cladding layer in step (1).
2. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the matrix material described in step (1) is 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N precipitation-hardening stainless steels, described 1Cr15Ni4Mo3N sinks
Shallow lake hardening stainless steel is diameter 12cm, high 1cm circular steel plate.
3. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, its feature
It is, vacuum hardening temperature described in step (1) is 1050-1070 DEG C, and soaking time is 40-60min, after the vacuum hardening
Matrix material structure be martensite and abundant residues austenite；The ice-cold treatment temperature is-(70-75) DEG C, soaking time
For 100-120min, the matrix material structure after the ice-cold processing is martensite and a small amount of retained austenite；The tempering temperature
Spend for 350-400 DEG C, soaking time is 100-120min, the matrix material structure after the tempering is martensite and a small amount of carbonization
Thing.
4. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 2, its feature
It is, the matrix material described in step (1) comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：C 0.11~
0.16wt%, Mn 0.5~1.0wt%, Mo 2.3~2.8wt%, Ni 4.0~5.0wt%, Cr 14.0~15.5wt%, N
0.05~0.10wt%, Si are not more than 0.7wt%, and S is not more than 0.02wt%, and P is not more than 0.03wt%, and surplus is Fe.
5. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 4, its feature
It is, the matrix material described in step (1) comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：C 0.12~
0.14wt%, Mn 0.7~0.9wt%, Mo 2.5~2.7wt%, Ni 4.4~4.6wt%, Cr 14.5~15.0wt%, N
0.07~0.09wt%, Si are not more than 0.5wt%, and S is not more than 0.01wt%, and P is not more than 0.02wt%, and surplus is Fe.
6. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the cladding layer material described in step (2) comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：C 10.65-
12.50wt%, Mo 2.36-2.77wt%, Ni 4.08-4.79wt%, Cr 11.18-13.12wt%, N 1.96-
6.02wt%, Al 0.23-0.37wt%, Si 0.16-0.25wt%, S are not more than 0.05wt%, and P is not more than 0.05wt%, remaining
Measure as Fe.
7. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 6, its feature
It is, the cladding layer material described in step (2) comprising following components and weight percent content by constituting：C 11.50-
12.00wt%, Mo 2.55-2.65wt%, Ni 4.35-4.55wt%, Cr 11.50-12.50wt%, N 3.50-
5.50wt%, Al 0.30-0.34wt%, Si 0.18-0.22wt%, S are not more than 0.03wt%, and P is not more than 0.02wt%, remaining
Measure as Fe.
8. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the cladding layer powder described in step (2) is the spheroidal powder of 200-300 mesh.
9. the preparation method of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel wear-and corrosion-resistant coating according to claim 1, its feature
It is, the laser cladding technological parameter described in step (3) includes：Laser power is 1200W~1400W, and sweep speed is
0.01m/s, powder feeder reading 5 (scale) carries powder throughput 380L/h~400L/h, spot diameter 2mm；Described laser melting coating
Using multi-track overlapping melting and coating process, overlapping rate is 40%~50%, and single track cladding layer height is not more than 0.5mm.
10. a kind of laser melting coating precipitation-hardening stainless steel obtained according to any one of the claim 1-9 preparation methods is wear-resisting
Anti-corrosion coating is used for space flight, aviation, large-scale commercial machine, air fighter, the lifting airscrew propeller hub of marine field, wear-and corrosion-resistant requirement
High fastener and load part.
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| CN111058025A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-24 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Axle remanufacturing method |
| CN112033889A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-04 | 北方工业大学 | Method for detecting medium salt corrosion resistance of laser cladding coating |
| CN112122607A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Additive repair material suitable for marine oscillation working condition and molten pool stability-shape regulation and control method |
| CN114411145A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-29 | 中北大学 | Method for reducing stainless steel surface cladding coating cracks under high-temperature service |
| CN115094416A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-23 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for preparing stainless steel-based high-hardness wear-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy and product thereof |
| CN116024475A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-04-28 | 北京酷捷科技有限公司 | Chromium-molybdenum soaking plate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116493883A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-07-28 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | Method for manufacturing housing of mechanical equipment power component and housing |
| CN114411145B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-04-19 | 中北大学 | Method for reducing cracks of cladding coating on stainless steel surface under high-temperature service |
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| CN108103502A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-01 | 阳江市五金刀剪产业技术研究院 | A kind of laser cladding powder for martensitic stain less steel |
| CN111058025A (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2020-04-24 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Axle remanufacturing method |
| CN112033889A (en) * | 2020-09-30 | 2020-12-04 | 北方工业大学 | Method for detecting medium salt corrosion resistance of laser cladding coating |
| CN112122607A (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2020-12-25 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Additive repair material suitable for marine oscillation working condition and molten pool stability-shape regulation and control method |
| CN112122607B (en) * | 2020-10-10 | 2023-05-09 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Material adding and repairing material suitable for ocean oscillation working condition and stability-shape regulation and control method of molten pool |
| CN114411145A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-29 | 中北大学 | Method for reducing stainless steel surface cladding coating cracks under high-temperature service |
| CN114411145B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2024-04-19 | 中北大学 | Method for reducing cracks of cladding coating on stainless steel surface under high-temperature service |
| CN115094416A (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2022-09-23 | 兰州理工大学 | Method for preparing stainless steel-based high-hardness wear-resistant corrosion-resistant alloy and product thereof |
| CN116024475A (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2023-04-28 | 北京酷捷科技有限公司 | Chromium-molybdenum soaking plate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116024475B (en) * | 2022-10-25 | 2024-03-22 | 北京酷捷科技有限公司 | Chromium-molybdenum soaking plate and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116493883A (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2023-07-28 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | Method for manufacturing housing of mechanical equipment power component and housing |
| CN116493883B (en) * | 2023-06-07 | 2024-01-19 | 徐州徐工基础工程机械有限公司 | Method for manufacturing housing of mechanical equipment power component and housing |
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