CN107056246A - 一种耐高温陶瓷材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐高温陶瓷材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl sulfide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1SC1=CC=CC=C1 LTYMSROWYAPPGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229920002748 Basalt fiber Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960005191 ferric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002466 imines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002484 inorganic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009938 salting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明提供一种耐高温陶瓷材料及其制备方法，属于陶瓷制备技术领域。本发明陶瓷材料的主要原料为：赤泥、黏土、石英砂、蒙脱土、硅灰石、铬铁矿、玄武岩纤维、聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺和苯硫醚。本发明陶瓷材料通过添加聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺和苯硫醚成分，使制得的陶瓷具有良好的耐高温性能，在高温环境下不会变性，并且能够保证陶瓷材料原有的性能，具有广阔的市场前景。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶瓷制备技术领域，具体涉及一种耐高温陶瓷材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷材料是工程材料中刚度最好、硬度最高的材料，其硬度大多在1500HV以上。传统陶瓷主要采用天然的岩石、矿物、粘土等材料做原料，而新型陶瓷则采用人工合成的高纯度无机化合物为原料，在严格控制的条件下经成型、烧结和其他处理而制成具有微细结晶组织的无机材料。新型陶瓷材料在性能上有其独特的优越性。在热和机械性能方面，有耐高温、隔热、高硬度、耐磨耗等；在电性能方面有绝缘性、压电性、半导体性、磁性等；在化学方面有催化、耐腐蚀、吸附等功能；在生物方面，具有一定生物相容性能，可作为生物结构材料等。
发明内容
本发明的发明目的在于：针对上述存在的问题，提供一种耐高温陶瓷材料及其制备方法，本发明陶瓷材料通过添加聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺和苯硫醚成分，使制得的陶瓷具有良好的耐高温性能，在高温环境下不会变性，并且能够保证陶瓷材料原有的性能，具有广阔的市场前景。
为了实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种耐高温陶瓷材料，所述陶瓷材料的原料组成及重量份数为：赤泥80-120份、黏土60-80份、石英砂10-30份、蒙脱土20-40份、硅灰石15-35份、铬铁矿8-24份、玄武岩纤维6-18份、聚砜树脂2-10份、聚酰亚胺3-15份、苯硫醚9-21份。
较优的，一种耐高温陶瓷材料，所述陶瓷材料的原料组成及重量份数为：赤泥90-110份、黏土65-75份、石英砂15-25份、蒙脱土25-35份、硅灰石20-30份、铬铁矿12-20份、玄武岩纤维9-15份、聚砜树脂4-8份、聚酰亚胺6-12份、苯硫醚12-18份。
较优的，一种耐高温陶瓷材料，所述陶瓷材料的原料组成及重量份数为：赤泥100份、黏土70份、石英砂20份、蒙脱土30份、硅灰石25份、铬铁矿16份、玄武岩纤维12份、聚砜树脂6份、聚酰亚胺9份、苯硫醚15份。
根据上述配方，本发明还提供了上述陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）将赤泥、黏土、石英砂、蒙脱土、硅灰石和铬铁矿用烘干炉烘干后，放在干燥处自然冷却至室温，然后放入球磨机中球磨成过60-80目标准筛的混合粉末备用，其中，所述烘干炉的温度为100-120℃，烘干时间为8-12h；所述球磨机的转速为60-80r/min，球料比为1:1-1:2；
（2）将玄武岩纤维、聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺和苯硫醚用酒精浸泡后与步骤（1）所得的混合粉末一起放入搅拌机中，加入适量的水，混合均匀后继续搅拌4-6h，使水含量保持在15-20%，即得所需的耐高温陶瓷材料，其中，所述酒精的质量分数为75-85%。
配方中各主要原料的作用如下：玄武岩纤维是由二氧化硅、氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化铁和二氧化钛等氧化物组成的玄武岩石料在高温熔融后，通过漏板快速拉制而成的；玄武岩连续纤维不仅稳定性好，而且还具有电绝缘性、抗腐蚀、抗燃烧、耐高温等多种优异性能，是一种新出现的新型无机环保绿色高性能纤维材料。陶瓷材料中采用玄武岩纤维能改善陶瓷材料的粘聚性和稳定性，提高了其抗冲击性能,降低其脆性。
聚砜树脂具有良好的韧性和刚性，耐高温，耐热氧化，可在100-150℃温度范围内长期使用，其抗蠕变性能优良，耐无机酸、碱及盐溶液的腐蚀，绝缘性和自熄性好，易于加工成型。
聚酰亚胺是一种耐高温的聚合物，550℃能短期保持主要的物理性能，且能够长期在接近330℃下使用，具有优良的尺寸和氧化稳定性，耐化学药品性、耐辐射性以及韧性和柔软性很好。
苯硫醚具有优异的耐热性，阻燃性及绝缘性，其强度和硬度均较高，机械性能优良，制品尺寸稳定性好。
本发明陶瓷材料通过添加聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺和苯硫醚成分，使制得的陶瓷具有良好的耐高温性能，在高温环境下不会变性，并且能够保证陶瓷材料原有的性能，制造成本低，绿色环保，具有广阔的市场前景。
具体实施方式
以下通过具体实施例对本发明作进一步详述。
实施例1 本发明的耐高温陶瓷材料，由以下重量份数原料组成：赤泥120份、黏土80份、石英砂30份、蒙脱土40份、硅灰石35份、铬铁矿24份、玄武岩纤维18份、聚砜树脂10份、聚酰亚胺15份、苯硫醚21份。
实施例2本发明的耐高温陶瓷材料，由以下重量份数原料组成：赤泥100份、黏土70份、石英砂20份、蒙脱土30份、硅灰石25份、铬铁矿16份、玄武岩纤维12份、聚砜树脂6份、聚酰亚胺9份、苯硫醚15份；制备方法是：
（1）将赤泥、黏土、石英砂、蒙脱土、硅灰石和铬铁矿用温度为120℃的烘干炉烘12h后，放在干燥处自然冷却至室温，然后按照球料比为1:2，放入转速为80r/min的球磨机中球磨成过80目标准筛的混合粉末备用；
（2）将玄武岩纤维、聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺和苯硫醚用质量分数为85%的酒精浸泡后与步骤（1）所得的混合粉末一起放入搅拌机中，加入适量的水，混合均匀后继续搅拌6h，使水含量保持在20%，即得所需的耐高温陶瓷材料。
实施例3本发明的耐高温陶瓷材料，由以下重量份数原料组成：赤泥80份、黏土60份、石英砂10份、蒙脱土20份、硅灰石15份、铬铁矿8份、玄武岩纤维6份、聚砜树脂2份、聚酰亚胺3份、苯硫醚9份，其制备方法是：
（1）将赤泥、黏土、石英砂、蒙脱土、硅灰石和铬铁矿用温度为100℃的烘干炉烘8h后，放在干燥处自然冷却至室温，然后按照球料比为1:1，放入转速为60r/min的球磨机中球磨成过60目标准筛的混合粉末备用；
（2）将玄武岩纤维、聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺和苯硫醚用质量分数为75%的酒精浸泡后与步骤（1）所得的混合粉末一起放入搅拌机中，加入适量的水，混合均匀后继续搅拌4h，使水含量保持在15%，即得所需的耐高温陶瓷材料。
Claims (7)
1.一种耐高温陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述陶瓷材料的原料组成及重量份数为：赤泥80-120份、黏土60-80份、石英砂10-30份、蒙脱土20-40份、硅灰石15-35份、铬铁矿8-24份、玄武岩纤维6-18份、聚砜树脂2-10份、聚酰亚胺3-15份、苯硫醚9-21份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述陶瓷材料的原料组成及重量份数为：赤泥90-110份、黏土65-75份、石英砂15-25份、蒙脱土25-35份、硅灰石20-30份、铬铁矿12-20份、玄武岩纤维9-15份、聚砜树脂4-8份、聚酰亚胺6-12份、苯硫醚12-18份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐高温陶瓷材料，其特征在于：所述陶瓷材料的原料组成及重量份数为：赤泥100份、黏土70份、石英砂20份、蒙脱土30份、硅灰石25份、铬铁矿16份、玄武岩纤维12份、聚砜树脂6份、聚酰亚胺9份、苯硫醚15份。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的一种耐高温陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
（1）将赤泥、黏土、石英砂、蒙脱土、硅灰石和铬铁矿用烘干炉烘干后，放在干燥处自然冷却至室温，然后放入球磨机中球磨成过60-80目标准筛的混合粉末备用；
（2）将玄武岩纤维、聚砜树脂、聚酰亚胺和苯硫醚用酒精浸泡后与步骤（1）所得的混合粉末一起放入搅拌机中，加入适量的水，混合均匀后继续搅拌4-6h，使水含量保持在15-20%，即得所需的耐高温陶瓷材料。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（1）中烘干炉的温度为100-120℃，烘干时间为8-12h。
6.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（1）中球磨机的转速为60-80r/min，球料比为1:1-1:2。
7.根据权利要求4所述的一种耐高温陶瓷材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤（2）中酒精的质量分数为75-85%。
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