CN107055486B - A kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heat utilizes method - Google Patents

A kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heat utilizes method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107055486B
CN107055486B CN201710218915.3A CN201710218915A CN107055486B CN 107055486 B CN107055486 B CN 107055486B CN 201710218915 A CN201710218915 A CN 201710218915A CN 107055486 B CN107055486 B CN 107055486B
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bed
flue gas
heat exchanger
outlet
heat
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CN107055486A (en
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孟兆忠
申屠华德
韩志
肖勤
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CHIFENG YUNTONG NONFERROUS METALS Co Ltd
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CHIFENG YUNTONG NONFERROUS METALS Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B17/00Sulfur; Compounds thereof
    • C01B17/69Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
    • C01B17/74Preparation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22STEAM GENERATION
    • F22GSUPERHEATING OF STEAM
    • F22G3/00Steam superheaters characterised by constructional features; Details of component parts thereof
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P20/00Technologies relating to chemical industry
    • Y02P20/10Process efficiency
    • Y02P20/129Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heats to utilize method, half SO2Flue gas mixes with air, after First Heat Exchanger, the heating of preposition heat exchanger, into the preposition bed of SO 2 converter, after outlet sets heat exchanger heat exchange before menstruation, with the other half SO2After flue gas mixing, into first segment bed;First segment bed outlet is after the heat exchange of the first steam superheater, into second segment bed;Second segment bed outlet enters third section bed after the heat exchange of third heat exchanger;Third section bed outlet is after the heat exchange of the second steam superheater, and a part of outlet exchanges heat through First Heat Exchanger, another part outlet exchanges heat through the second heat exchanger, subsequently enters high temperature absorption tower;Tower outlet enters the 4th section of bed after the 4th heat exchanger and the heating of third heat exchanger;4th section of bed outlet is after third steam superheater and the heat exchange of the 4th heat exchanger, into final absorption tower.The Technological adaptability of this method is wide in range, easy to operate, reliable for operation, and waste heat utilization is high.

Description

A kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heat utilizes method
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of inorganic chemical industry, and in particular to residual-heat utilization method during a kind of flue gas acid preparing.
Background technique
Currently, having put into the high concentration SO of industrialized production in non-ferrous metal oxygen-rich smelting flue gas acid preparing field2Flue gas turns Change technology mainly has the pre- of the BAYQIK technology of Bayer A.G, the LUREC technology of Out-0tec and Meng Moke company, the U.S. Transformation technology.These three technologies can handle φ (SO2The flue gas of) >=14%, and compared with routine transformation technique, specification of equipment subtracts Small, operating cost reduces, heat recovery rate improves.Because Sulphur Dioxide must be converted at sulfur trioxide using multistage, conversion is changed In thermal flow process, the cold air into converter heated need to reach specific temperature, and each section of air inlet is both needed to maintain optimum temperature, absorb Tower air inlet need to be in optimum range.The heat exchange process of three kinds of above-mentioned high-concentration sulfur dioxide transformation technologies differs from one another, total Though conversion ratio and absorptivity are high, there are device structure design requirement height, heat exchange process complexity, waste heat recovery plant failure wind for it Danger height (waste heat boiler and economizer etc.), the problems such as heat energy utilization is unreasonable.Meanwhile by flue gas SO2Concentration adaptability, catalyst The factors limitation such as performance and dosage, gas forms of distribution, operation control complexity, in the industrial production, above-mentioned three kinds of technologies There is the bottleneck problem for influencing the stable operation at full capacity of equipment long period in various degree.
Therefore, the high concentration SO generated for oxygen-rich smelting and melting continuously2Flue gas acid preparing technology develops reasonable heat exchange Process keeps each section of intake air temperature rationally adjustable, and reduction flow path resistance, high efficiente callback waste heat improve SO as far as possible2Total conversion, Relieving haperacidity exhaust emissions concentration and total amount are reduced, is current problem to be solved.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above existing problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heats to utilize method, should The Technological adaptability of method is wide in range, easy to operate, reliable for operation, and waste heat utilization is high.
Above-mentioned purpose is realized by following proposal:
A kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heat utilizes method, which is characterized in that this method are as follows: SO2Flue gas is in parallel by two Sulphur dioxide blower mean allocation simultaneously conveys, the SO of sulphur dioxide blower conveying2The air of flue gas and air blower conveying Mixing, successively after First Heat Exchanger, the heating of preposition heat exchanger, into the preposition bed of SO 2 converter, before described The outlet of bed is set after the preposition heat exchanger heat exchange, is conveyed with another sulphur dioxide blower heated through the second heat exchanger SO2After flue gas mixing, into the first segment bed of SO 2 converter;The outlet of the first segment bed is through the first steam After superheater heat exchange, into the second segment bed of SO 2 converter;The outlet of the second segment bed is through third heat exchanger Enter the third section bed of SO 2 converter after heat exchange;The outlet of the third section bed exchanges heat through the second steam superheater Afterwards, a part of outlet exchanges heat through the First Heat Exchanger heat exchange, another part outlet through second heat exchanger, with laggard Enter high temperature absorption tower;The outlet on the high temperature absorption tower is successively laggard through the 4th heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger heating Enter the 4th section of bed of SO 2 converter;The outlet of the 4th section of bed is successively through third steam superheater and described After the heat exchange of 4th heat exchanger, into final absorption tower;First saturated vapor is used for after the first steam superheater heating Industry dragging steam turbine or steam turbine generator;Second saturated vapor successively passes through the third steam superheater and the second steam After superheater heating, it to be used for steam turbine generator.
Method is utilized according to above-mentioned flue gas acid preparing process waste heat, which is characterized in that the SO2In flue gas, SO2Volume hundred Dividing specific concentration is 22~28%, O2Concentration of volume percent is 6.5~10%.
Method is utilized according to above-mentioned flue gas acid preparing process waste heat, which is characterized in that into the SO of SO 2 converter2 Amount of flue gas emission and air total amount constitute the total gas for entering SO 2 converter, and the oxygen sulphur ratio of total gas is 0.85~ 0.90。
Method is utilized according to above-mentioned flue gas acid preparing process waste heat, which is characterized in that the preposition bed, first segment bed Layer, second segment bed, third section bed, the 4th section of bed Sulphur Dioxide rate be respectively 68~70%, 74~76%, 90~ 92%, 95~97%, 98~99.5%.
Method is utilized according to above-mentioned flue gas acid preparing process waste heat, which is characterized in that the preposition bed of Xiang Suoshu conveys SO2 The wind pressure that the sulphur dioxide blower of flue gas provides is identical as the wind pressure that air blower provides, and is higher than to the first segment bed Convey SO2The wind pressure that the sulphur dioxide blower of flue gas provides.
Method is utilized according to above-mentioned flue gas acid preparing process waste heat, which is characterized in that the sulphur dioxide blower and air Blower is driven by the coaxial dual drive system being made of motor and the industry dragging steam turbine, passes through freewheel clutch reality The conversion of existing driving device.
According to above-mentioned flue gas acid preparing process waste heat utilize method, which is characterized in that first saturated vapor from The high-temperature flue gas waste heat of melting outlet of still is arranged during continual copper smelting high-temperature flue gas waste heat boiler and blowing outlet of still setting Boiler, the pressure of first saturated vapor are 4.0~4.2MPa.
According to above-mentioned flue gas acid preparing process waste heat utilize method, which is characterized in that second saturated vapor from The low temperature heat recovery apparatus of dry matter translocation setting, the pressure of second saturated vapor are 0.8~1.0MPa.
Method is utilized according to above-mentioned flue gas acid preparing process waste heat, which is characterized in that the third section bed gas output 60~70% enter in the First Heat Exchanger, and the 30~40% of the gas output of the third section bed enter described second In heat exchanger.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Flue gas acid preparing process waste heat of the invention can realize the flue gas flow and oxygen sulphur ratio into converter using method Optimum Regulation, total volumetric flow rate is few, and gas distribution mode is efficient, and work done during compression needed for conveying is small, and power consumption is low;Can efficiently and utilize Each section of reaction bed outlet waste heat, system heat balance are easy to keep and adjust;Waste heat is recycled using steam superheater, is improved Low-pressure steam quality, acting ability are strong, and generating efficiency improves, while having evaded using failure existing for waste heat boiler, economizer Risk provides safety guarantee for production stable operation;Using industry drag the direct Driving Fan of steam turbine, avoid thermal energy → Loss in efficiency in electric energy → mechanical energy conversion process, improves waste heat utilization.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow diagram that flue gas acid preparing process waste heat of the invention utilizes method.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is according to the produced high concentration SO of continual copper smelting2The characteristics of flue gas, bases oneself upon sulfuric acid domestic manufacture of key equipment, provides one kind The heat exchange process and Waste Heat Reuse method to match with the distribution of flue gas acid preparing conversion ratio, starts with from material balance and heat balance, Reasonable distribution conversion ratio can determine that loadings according to catalyst performance, corresponding control measures be arranged, maintain best thermal balance shape State makes oxygen sulphur be easier to reach the conversion ratio of setting than adjustable, each section of reaction bed of optimization, realize the dense tolerance adaptability of gas it is wide in range, Easy to operate target easily-controllable, reliable for operation, waste heat utilization is high.
As shown in Figure 1, SO 2 converter of the invention includes preposition bed 1, first segment bed 2, second segment bed 3, third section bed 4, the 4th section of bed 5.SO2In flue gas, SO2Concentration of volume percent is 22~28%, O2Percent by volume is dense Degree is 6.5~10%.Sulfur dioxide flue gas is after preposition bed 1, and into double-absorption process, double-absorption process uses " 3+1 " The form of section conversion.Preposition bed, first segment bed, second segment bed, third section bed, the 4th section of bed sulfur dioxide turn Rate is respectively 68~70%, 74~76%, 90~92%, 95~97%, 98~99.5%.A kind of flue gas acid preparing provided by the invention Process waste heat utilizes method, high concentration SO purified, after drying2Flue gas is conveyed by two sulphur dioxide blower mean allocations, One sulphur dioxide blower 6 conveys half flue gas, and the dry air sent out with air blower 7 mixes, successively through first after mixing After heat exchanger 8, preposition heat exchanger 9 heat, into preposition bed 1.The other half dioxy of another sulphur dioxide blower 10 conveying Change sulphur flue gas after the heating of the second heat exchanger 11, after mixing with 1 outlet of preposition bed for setting the heat exchange of heat exchanger 9 before menstruation, into two Turn the two first segment beds 2 for inhaling process.That is, preposition bed outlet is used to heat the gas into preposition bed.First segment bed 2 Outlet through the first steam superheater 12 heat the first saturated vapor after, enter back into second segment bed 3.3 outlet of second segment bed Enter third section bed 4 after the heat exchange of third heat exchanger 13.4 outlet of third section bed is through through the second steam superheater 14 heating the After two steam, a part of outlet exchanges heat through First Heat Exchanger 8, another part outlet exchanges heat through the second heat exchanger 11, subsequently enters High temperature absorption tower.That is, third section bed outlet is after the heat exchange of the second steam superheater, a part of outlet is for heating into preposition The gas of bed, another part outlet are used to heat the sulfur dioxide flue gas into the first bed.Preferably, third section bed goes out Tolerance 60~70% enters in First Heat Exchanger 8, and 30~40% enter in the second heat exchanger 11.High temperature absorption tower outlet is successively through Four heat exchangers 15 and third heat exchanger 13 enter the 4th section of bed 5 after heating.The outlet of 4th section of bed 5 is successively through third steam After superheater 16 and the heat exchange of the 4th heat exchanger 15, into final absorption tower.4th section of bed outlet is steamed for heating the second saturation Vapour and high temperature absorption tower outlet.First saturated vapor is after the heating of the first steam superheater 12, and a part is for industry dragging vapour Turbine, another part are used for steam turbine generator.Second saturated vapor successively passes through third steam superheater 16 and the second steam mistake After hot device 14 heats, it to be used for steam turbine generator.Wherein, the first saturated vapor melting outlet of still during continual copper smelting is set The high-temperature flue gas waste heat boiler of the high-temperature flue gas waste heat boiler and blowing outlet of still setting set, the pressure of the first saturated vapor are 4.0~4.2MPa.The low temperature heat recovery apparatus that second saturated vapor is arranged from dry matter translocation, the pressure of the second saturated vapor For 0.8~1.0MPa.
First steam superheater, the second steam superheater and third steam superheater are utilized respectively flue gas acid preparing process and change The waste heat of the waste heat of the first segment bed exit gas of thermal flow process, the 4th section of bed and third section bed exit gas, overheat connect First steam of continuous copper metallurgy system production and the second steam of dry matter translocation low temperature exhaust heat recovery system production.Wherein the first saturation After steam superheating, a part directly drives sulphur dioxide blower and air blower for industry dragging steam turbine, and another part is used After power generation, the second saturated vapor overheat, it is directly used in power generation.
Industry dragging steam turbine directly drives sulphur dioxide blower and air blower, and reference is by industry dragging steam turbine and electricity The coaxial dual drive system that motivation is constituted, driving device are mounted on blower two sides, configure freewheel clutch, pass through freewheel clutch Realize the automatic conversion between driving device.When the original starting of blower or superheated steam pressure reduction and industry dragging steam turbine event When barrier, industry drags steamer pusher side freewheel clutch automatic unbuckling, by motor drive blower;When industry dragging steam turbine work When, motor side freewheel clutch automatic unbuckling.
Flue gas acid preparing process waste heat of the invention utilizes method, into the SO of SO 2 converter2Amount of flue gas emission and sky Gas total amount constitutes the total gas for entering SO 2 converter, and the oxygen sulphur ratio of total gas is 0.85~0.90.Total gas has been determined The oxygen sulphur ratio of body, further according to SO2Amount of flue gas emission, the amount for the air that determination need to be incorporated.
Particularly, SO is conveyed to preposition bed2What the wind pressure and air blower that the sulphur dioxide blower of flue gas provides provided Wind pressure is identical, and is higher than to first segment bed and conveys SO2The wind pressure that the sulphur dioxide blower of flue gas provides.
With specific embodiment, invention is further explained below.
Embodiment 1
The high concentration SO that golden peak continual copper smelting system generates2In flue gas during smelting, SO2Concentration of volume percent 25.5VOL%, O2 Concentration of volume percent 8.5VOL%.High concentration SO after purified, dry2Flue gas during smelting by two parallel configurations titanium dioxide Sulphur blower, which is divided equally, to be conveyed, and half flue gas is sent out by sulphur dioxide blower, and the dry air sent out with air blower mixes.Wherein, Air amount of allocating is according to the oxygen sulphur of total gas than 0.88 and SO2Amount of flue gas emission is controlled.Mixed gas is successively through the first heat exchange After device, the heating of preposition heat exchanger, into preposition bed, conversion ratio 69.5% is designed;Preposition bed outlet sets heat exchanger heat exchange before menstruation It is uniformly mixed with the other half flue gas heated through the second heat exchanger sent out by sulphur dioxide blower afterwards, into double-absorption process First segment bed, design conversion ratio 75%;One section of outlet removes heat, heating continual copper smelting melting through the first steam superheater Waste heat boiler and blowing produced first saturated vapor of waste heat boiler, enter back into second segment bed, design conversion ratio 91%;Two sections Outlet exchanges heat through third heat exchanger, into third section bed, designs conversion ratio 96%;Three sections of outlets are moved through the second steam superheater Except partial heat, a part of gas (accounting for three sections of outlets 62%) enters First Heat Exchanger 8, and another part gas (accounts for three sections of outlets 38%) enter the second heat exchanger, after removing heat, into the high temperature absorption tower of dry matter translocation, high temperature absorption tower upper section outlet is through the Enter the 4th section of bed after four heat exchangers, the heating of third heat exchanger, designs conversion ratio 99%;Four sections of outlets are through the second steam superheating Device and the 4th heat exchanger enter final absorption tower after removing heat.Refining after conversion waste heat superheater from continuous is utilized in process The high-temperature flue gas waste heat boiler of melting outlet of still is arranged during copper high-temperature flue gas waste heat boiler and blowing outlet of still setting First saturated vapor a part directly drives sulphur dioxide blower and air blower for industry dragging steam turbine, and another part is used Second saturated vapor of the low temperature heat recovery apparatus from dry matter translocation setting after power generation, overheat is directly used in power generation.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heat utilizes method, which is characterized in that this method are as follows: SO2Flue gas is by two dioxies in parallel Change sulphur blower mean allocation and conveys, the SO of sulphur dioxide blower conveying2Flue gas is mixed with the air that air blower conveys, Successively after First Heat Exchanger, the heating of preposition heat exchanger, into the preposition bed of SO 2 converter, the preposition bed Outlet after the preposition heat exchanger heat exchange, the SO that is conveyed with another sulphur dioxide blower heat through the second heat exchanger2 After flue gas mixing, into the first segment bed of SO 2 converter;The outlet of the first segment bed is through the first steam superheating After device heat exchange, into the second segment bed of SO 2 converter;The outlet of the second segment bed exchanges heat through third heat exchanger Enter the third section bed of SO 2 converter afterwards;The outlet of the third section bed through the second steam superheater heat exchange after, A part of outlet exchanges heat through the First Heat Exchanger heat exchange, another part outlet through second heat exchanger, subsequently enters High temperature absorption tower;The outlet on the high temperature absorption tower successively enters after the 4th heat exchanger and the third heat exchanger heating 4th section of bed of SO 2 converter;The outlet of the 4th section of bed is successively through third steam superheater and described After the heat exchange of four heat exchangers, into final absorption tower;First saturated vapor is used for work after the first steam superheater heating Industry drags steam turbine or steam turbine generator;Second saturated vapor successively passes through the third steam superheater and the second steam mistake After hot device heating, it to be used for steam turbine generator.
2. flue gas acid preparing process waste heat according to claim 1 utilizes method, which is characterized in that the SO2In flue gas, SO2 Concentration of volume percent is 22~28%, O2Concentration of volume percent is 6.5~10%.
3. flue gas acid preparing process waste heat according to claim 1 utilizes method, which is characterized in that enter Sulphur Dioxide The SO of device2Amount of flue gas emission and air total amount constitute the total gas for entering SO 2 converter, and the oxygen sulphur ratio of total gas is 0.85~0.90.
4. flue gas acid preparing process waste heat according to claim 1 utilizes method, which is characterized in that the preposition bed, the One section of bed, second segment bed, third section bed, the 4th section of bed Sulphur Dioxide rate be respectively 68~70%, 74~ 76%, 90~92%, 95~97%, 98~99.5%.
5. flue gas acid preparing process waste heat according to claim 1 utilizes method, which is characterized in that the preposition bed of Xiang Suoshu Convey SO2The wind pressure that the sulphur dioxide blower of flue gas provides is identical with the wind pressure that air blower provides, and higher than to described the One section of bed conveys SO2The wind pressure that the sulphur dioxide blower of flue gas provides.
6. flue gas acid preparing process waste heat according to claim 1 utilizes method, which is characterized in that the sulphur dioxide blower With air blower by being driven by motor and the coaxial dual drive system that constitutes of industry dragging steam turbine, by surmount from The conversion of clutch realization driving device.
7. flue gas acid preparing process waste heat according to claim 1 utilizes method, which is characterized in that first saturated vapor The high temperature cigarette of melting outlet of still is arranged during continual copper smelting high-temperature flue gas waste heat boiler and blowing outlet of still setting Gas waste heat boiler, the pressure of first saturated vapor are 4.0~4.2MPa.
8. flue gas acid preparing process waste heat according to claim 1 utilizes method, which is characterized in that second saturated vapor From the low temperature heat recovery apparatus of dry matter translocation setting, the pressure of second saturated vapor is 0.8~1.0MPa.
9. flue gas acid preparing process waste heat according to claim 1 utilizes method, which is characterized in that the third section bed Gas output 60~70% enters in the First Heat Exchanger, described in 30~40% entrance of the gas output of the third section bed The second heat exchanger in.
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CN108046221B (en) * 2017-12-12 2020-10-02 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Method for preparing acid by smelting flue gas
CN109704294A (en) * 2019-03-08 2019-05-03 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 The method of the highly concentrated conversion system heat cascade utilization of sulfuric acid
CN112723319B (en) * 2021-01-05 2022-12-27 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 High concentration of SO 2 Method for preparing sulfuric acid by flue gas separation pre-conversion
CN112629276A (en) * 2021-01-13 2021-04-09 易门铜业有限公司 Multi-grade waste heat gradient upgrading power generation system and method
CN112679996A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-04-20 无锡东恒新能源科技有限公司 Carbon black production method capable of recycling resources
CN114572939A (en) * 2022-04-01 2022-06-03 陕西莹钰化工设备有限公司 Original SO2Technology for preparing sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion

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CN105983331B (en) * 2015-02-06 2018-06-08 上海东化环境工程有限公司 Industrial sulfur-containing tail gas sulfur removal technology
CN105056744B (en) * 2015-09-20 2017-09-12 山西长林能源科技有限公司 A kind of flue gas waste heat recovery, desulfurization integrated technique and device
CN105909330B (en) * 2016-04-14 2018-06-19 东南大学 A kind of flue gas waste heat recovery and smoke processing system based on Organic Rankine Cycle

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