CN114572939A - Original SO2Technology for preparing sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion - Google Patents
Original SO2Technology for preparing sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion Download PDFInfo
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- CN114572939A CN114572939A CN202210339666.4A CN202210339666A CN114572939A CN 114572939 A CN114572939 A CN 114572939A CN 202210339666 A CN202210339666 A CN 202210339666A CN 114572939 A CN114572939 A CN 114572939A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B17/00—Sulfur; Compounds thereof
- C01B17/69—Sulfur trioxide; Sulfuric acid
- C01B17/74—Preparation
- C01B17/76—Preparation by contact processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
Abstract
The invention discloses a raw SO2Partial pre-conversion of sulfuric acid production in raw SO2Shunting 0.1-10% gas in the gas, heating to catalyst ignition temperature with part of high-temperature gas at one section of outlet of heating furnace or conversion section, feeding into small pre-converter, reacting, and adding SO390% -99.9% of the original SO of the gas (A) and the rest of the gas (B) subjected to heat exchange in parallel2The gas is mixed and enters a first stage of conversion, and then enters a first stage of SO conversion2The gas has a minimum of 0.0077% SO3Gas, change the original SO2Gas (es)
The kinetic equilibrium relationship of (A) to convert a segment of SO2The reaction is controlled in a certain speed, so that the first-stage conversion reaction is relatively uniform and stable, and the temperature of the outlet plane is uniform. The technology can treat the low oxygen-sulfur ratio and SO of 0.6-0.8 by two conversion processes of 3+2, 3+1, 4+1 or 5+12The concentration is 14%24% of flue gases due to raw SO2The pressure drop of the equipment on the gas side of partial pre-conversion is less than that of the original SO on the other gas side of parallel heat exchange2Gas side plant pressure drop, SO the raw SO2The partial pre-conversion sulfuric acid production technology does not increase any power consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a process for preparing sulfuric acid by a contact method, in particular to original SO2Partial pre-conversion sulfuric acid preparation technology.
Background
With the technical progress, in particular to oxygen-enriched smelting of nonferrous metals and SO smelted from the nonferrous metals2The concentration is up to more than 30 percent, the production intensity of the conversion equipment is further improved, and SO entering the conversion reaction2The concentration is increased to 14-24%, the oxygen-sulfur ratio is reduced to 0.6-0.8, the gas quantity is reduced, and the strength of production equipment is greatly improved.
At present, the treatment of high-concentration SO is limited by the temperature resistance limit of the catalyst2Various methods of transformation, each having advantages and disadvantages, are most economical by adopting the method of direct transformation. With SO2The increase in concentration and the reduction in the oxygen-to-sulfur ratio create a significant problem in that the temperature at the exit plane of one section of the converter is uneven, sometimes differing by more than 100 ℃, which makes the production less efficient and the system more difficult to control, and this phenomenon only occurs at the exit of one section of the converter, which is generally not a problem in the latter sections, and is related to the kinetics of the sulfur dioxide reaction.
SO2The conversion kinetics is a quite complex problem, many experts at home and abroad want to solve the problem, but the conversion kinetics is not satisfactory, and mainly a section of kinetic model is difficult to establish because of SO2Reaction speed:
dx-the percentage of conversion over dt time;
dt-time;
PSO2、PO2and PSO3The partial pressures of sulfur dioxide, oxygen, and sulfur trioxide, respectively.
SO at the beginning of a conversion section of a prior art design3The partial pressure of (A) is equal to 0, so that the initial reaction speed under certain temperature conditions is infinite, so that if there is a slight difference in temperature or catalyst on the inlet plane of the reactor, there is a great difference in the final reaction resultsLike in particular SO2The temperature of the outlet of the first section is extremely uneven under the conditions of high concentration (14-24%) and low oxygen-sulfur ratio (0.6-0.8).
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In response to the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a raw SO2The partial pre-conversion sulfuric acid production technology solves the problems.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: original SO2Process for the production of sulfuric acid with partial pre-conversion, comprising a plant for carrying out the process, the plant comprising SO2A fan, a pre-heat exchanger, a preheating furnace, a pre-converter, a primary heating furnace, a conversion section heat exchanger, a primary converter, an SO2The output end of the fan is communicated with the input ends of the pre-heat exchanger and the conversion section heat exchanger, the output end of the pre-heat exchanger is communicated with the input end of the pre-heating furnace, the output end of the pre-heating furnace is communicated with the input end of the pre-converter, the output ends of the pre-converter and the conversion section heat exchanger are communicated with the input end of the one-turn heating furnace, and the output end of the one-turn heating furnace is communicated with the input end of the main converter.
Preferably, the device further comprises a heat exchange device between the first section of outlet and the second section of inlet, the main converter is provided with the first section of outlet and the second section of inlet, the output end of the first section of outlet on the main converter is communicated with the input ends of the heat exchange device and the pre-heat exchanger between the first section of outlet and the second section of inlet, and the output ends of the heat exchange device and the pre-heat exchanger between the first section of outlet and the second section of inlet are communicated with the second section of inlet on the main converter.
Preferably, the SO2Blower fan pair original SO2And (4) shunting and conveying the flue gas.
Preferably, the SO2The fan will have 0.1% -10% of the original SO2The flue gas is conveyed to a pre-heat exchanger, and 90-99.9% of original SO is delivered2And conveying the flue gas into a heat exchanger of a conversion section.
Preferably, the input end of the main converter is added with trace SO3A gas.
(III) advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the first-stage conversion reaction of the flue gas with low oxygen-sulfur ratio is stable and controllable, the temperature of the outlet plane is uniform, and the low oxygen-sulfur ratio and SO of 0.6-0.8 can be processed2The flue gas with the concentration of 14-24 percent can reduce the flue gas amount by 50 percent compared with the prior art, the investment of the device is saved by more than 30 percent, the waste heat recovery is improved by more than 35 percent, and the original SO2The partial pre-conversion sulfuric acid production technology does not increase any power consumption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. SO (SO)2A fan; 2. a pre-heat exchanger; 3. a preheating furnace; 4. a pre-converter; 5. a transfer heating furnace; 6. a conversion section heat exchanger; 7. heat exchange equipment between the first-section outlet and the second-section inlet; 8. a main converter.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: original SO2Technology for producing sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion, comprising a device for carrying out the method, the device comprising SO2A fan 1, a pre-heat exchanger 2, a pre-heating furnace 3, a pre-converter 4, a primary heating furnace 5, a conversion section heat exchanger 6, a primary converter 8 and SO2The output of fan 1 and the input intercommunication of heat exchanger 2 and conversion workshop section heat exchanger 6 in advance, the output of heat exchanger 2 and the input intercommunication of preheating furnace 3 in advance, the input intercommunication of 4 of output pre-converter of preheating furnace 3, the output of 4 and conversion workshop section heat exchanger 6 in advance all communicates with the input of a heat-transfer furnace 5, the output of a heat-transfer furnace 5 and the input intercommunication of main converter 8.
The device also comprises a first section outlet and a second section inlet heat exchange device 7, a first section outlet and a second section inlet are arranged on the main converter 8, the output end of the first section outlet on the main converter 8 is communicated with the first section outlet, the second section inlet heat exchange device 7 and the input end of the pre-heat exchanger 2, the output ends of the first section outlet, the second section inlet heat exchange device 7 and the pre-heat exchanger 2 are communicated with the second section inlet on the main converter 8, the flow requirements of '3 + 2', '3 + 1', '4 + 1' or '5 + 1' for preparing sulfuric acid through twice conversion are met, and the heat energy recovery efficiency is improved.
SO2Blower 1 pair original SO2The flue gas is divided and conveyed, and 0.1 to 10 percent of original SO is added2The flue gas is conveyed into a pre-heat exchanger 2, and 90-99.9% of original SO is delivered2Conveying the flue gas into a conversion section heat exchanger 6, heating 0.1% -10% of the divided flue gas to a catalyst ignition temperature by using high-temperature gas at an outlet of a preheating furnace 3 or a main converter 8, then feeding the heated flue gas into a pre-converter 4 for reaction, and connecting the reacted gas and the rest 90% -99.9% of original SO for heat exchange in parallel2The flue gas is mixed and enters a main converter 8 for conversion, and then enters a conversion section SO2The gas already contains a certain amount of SO3A gas.
The input end of the main converter 8 is added with trace SO3Gas, make SO2The conversion reaction is stable and controllable, and the temperature of the outlet plane is stable and uniform.
The working principle is as follows: first by SO2The fan 1 guides the original SO2The flue gas is conveyed into a pipeline, and part of the original SO2The flue gas is heated to the catalyst ignition temperature through the pre-heat exchanger 2 and the pre-heating furnace 3 and then enters the pre-converter 4, and the rest part of the original SO2The flue gas is heated to the catalyst light-off temperature by a conversion section heat exchanger 6 and then is mixed with SO from a pre-converter 43The mixed flue gas is sent to a main converter 8 through a rotary heating furnace 5 to carry out first-stage reaction, and the high-temperature flue gas after the last reaction is cooled through a first-stage outlet and second-stage inlet indirect heat exchange device 7 and a pre-heat exchanger 2 and then is subjected to second-stage reaction.
Treating at a low oxygen-sulfur ratio, SO, of 0.6-0.8214-24% flue gas, part of original SO2The flue gas is converted and reacted by a pre-converter 4 to generate a small amount of SO3Then, againWith the rest of the original SO2The gas is mixed and enters a section of the main converter 8, and a section SO of the main converter is changed2Kinetics of transformation to have a certain amount of SO3Change in concentration of
In a balanced relationship of (3) to let SO2The first stage of conversion reaction is controlled within a certain speed, SO that the reaction is relatively uniform and stable, the temperature of the outlet plane is uniform, and the conversion section designed by the prior art has SO at the beginning3The partial pressure of (A) is equal to 0, SO that the initial reaction speed under certain temperature conditions is infinite, and as long as there is a slight difference in temperature or catalyst at the inlet plane of the reactor, there is a great difference in the final reaction results, in particular SO2The concentration is as high as 14-24%, the oxygen-sulfur ratio is as low as 0.6-0.8, the temperature of the outlet plane of one section is uneven, and then all sections have SO due to the inlet gas3The reaction speed is controllable, and the temperature of the outlet plane is relatively uniform.
Such as SO2At a concentration of 18.35% and an oxygen concentration of 14.7%, 1.0% of the original SO was tapped2The gas is first converted to produce SO at 42% conversion3The gas content was 18.35 × 0.01 × 0.42% ═ 0.077%. Despite SO3The amount is only 0.077%, but there is already a certain ratio,
this is N orders of magnitude different than ∞, which can make SO2The reaction is controlled at a certain speed. Therefore, the gas composition enters a first-stage conversion, which is similar to a second-stage conversion and a third-stage conversion, the outlet temperature is controllable, and the condition that the temperature deviation of a first-stage outlet plane is more than 100 ℃ cannot occur.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents of some features of the invention can be substituted, and any changes, equivalents, improvements and the like, which fall within the spirit and principles of the present invention, are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. Original SO2A technology for producing sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion, comprising a device for implementing the technology, and is characterized in that: the apparatus comprising a SO2The system comprises a fan (1), a pre-heat exchanger (2), a pre-heating furnace (3), a pre-converter (4), a one-turn heating furnace (5), a conversion section heat exchanger (6), a main converter (8), and SO2The output end of the fan (1) is communicated with the input ends of the pre-heat exchanger (2) and the conversion section heat exchanger (6), the output end of the pre-heat exchanger (2) is communicated with the input end of the pre-heating furnace (3), the output end of the pre-heating furnace (3) is communicated with the input end of the pre-converter (4), the output ends of the pre-converter (4) and the conversion section heat exchanger (6) are communicated with the input end of the one-rotation heating furnace (5), and the output end of the one-rotation heating furnace (5) is communicated with the input end of the main converter (8).
2. Raw SO according to claim 12The technology for preparing the sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion is characterized in that: the device also comprises a heat exchange device (7) between the first section outlet and the second section inlet, a first section outlet and a second section inlet are arranged on the main converter (8), the output end of the first section outlet on the main converter (8) is communicated with the input ends of the heat exchange device (7) and the pre-heat exchanger (2) between the first section outlet and the second section inlet, and the output ends of the heat exchange device (7) and the pre-heat exchanger (2) between the first section outlet and the second section inlet are communicated with the second section inlet on the main converter (8).
3. The raw SO of claim 22The technology for preparing the sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion is characterized in that: the SO2The fan (1) is used for adjusting the original SO2And (4) shunting and conveying the flue gas.
4. Raw SO according to claim 32The technology for preparing the sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion is characterized in that: the SO2The fan (1) will supply 0.1% -10% of the original SO2The flue gas is conveyed into a pre-heat exchanger (2) and 90 to 99.9 percent of original SO2Flue gas is conveyed to a heat exchanger of a conversion section (6)And (4) the following steps.
5. Raw SO according to claim 42The technology for preparing the sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion is characterized in that: the input end of the main converter (8) is added with trace SO3A gas.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210339666.4A CN114572939A (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | Original SO2Technology for preparing sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210339666.4A CN114572939A (en) | 2022-04-01 | 2022-04-01 | Original SO2Technology for preparing sulfuric acid by partial pre-conversion |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103072956A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-01 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Flue gas processing method and system |
| CN107055486A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-08-18 | 赤峰云铜有色金属有限公司 | A kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heat Application way |
| CN109761203A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-17 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of high concentration SO2Convert acid-making process |
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2022
- 2022-04-01 CN CN202210339666.4A patent/CN114572939A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103072956A (en) * | 2012-12-31 | 2013-05-01 | 中国瑞林工程技术有限公司 | Flue gas processing method and system |
| CN107055486A (en) * | 2017-04-06 | 2017-08-18 | 赤峰云铜有色金属有限公司 | A kind of flue gas acid preparing process waste heat Application way |
| CN109761203A (en) * | 2019-03-04 | 2019-05-17 | 长沙有色冶金设计研究院有限公司 | A kind of high concentration SO2Convert acid-making process |
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