CN107047628B - Method for extracting algae inhibiting active component from herba Taraxaci and preparing algae inhibiting agent and algae inhibiting application thereof - Google Patents
Method for extracting algae inhibiting active component from herba Taraxaci and preparing algae inhibiting agent and algae inhibiting application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107047628B CN107047628B CN201710441057.9A CN201710441057A CN107047628B CN 107047628 B CN107047628 B CN 107047628B CN 201710441057 A CN201710441057 A CN 201710441057A CN 107047628 B CN107047628 B CN 107047628B
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- dandelion
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- petroleum ether
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- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 92
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 241000245665 Taraxacum Species 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 235000005187 Taraxacum officinale ssp. officinale Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- SVPKNMBRVBMTLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dichloronaphthalene-1,4-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C(Cl)=C(Cl)C(=O)C2=C1 SVPKNMBRVBMTLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000012259 ether extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229940067866 dandelion extract Drugs 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000020691 dandelion extract Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000001845 taraxacum officinale leaf extract Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 16
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 abstract description 6
- 241000192710 Microcystis aeruginosa Species 0.000 description 7
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 5
- 108700012359 toxins Proteins 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 241000192700 Cyanobacteria Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000002835 absorbance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000005791 algae growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003619 algicide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003627 allelochemical Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
- A01N65/12—Asteraceae or Compositae [Aster or Sunflower family], e.g. daisy, pyrethrum, artichoke, lettuce, sunflower, wormwood or tarragon
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for extracting algae inhibiting active ingredients from dandelion to prepare an algae inhibiting agent, which comprises the following steps of: mixing the raw materials according to the volume ratio of 1: 10-30 (kg: L), standing for 12-36 hours, and removing dandelion residues to obtain dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor; decompressing and concentrating the obtained dandelion leaching liquor, and recovering petroleum ether to obtain dandelion petroleum ether extract; and (3) dissolving the dandelion petroleum ether extract with dimethyl sulfoxide to finally prepare the dandelion algistat A. The extraction solvent can adopt distilled water, distilled water is added into the obtained dandelion water extract, the volume is supplemented to the original dosage of the extraction solvent, and finally the dandelion algistat B is prepared. The invention utilizes the dandelion to extract natural algae inhibiting active ingredients to prepare the algae inhibiting agent, has easily obtained raw materials and low algae control cost, and provides a new way for resource utilization of the dandelion. The algae inhibiting agent is used for removing algae from the small landscape water body with the blue algae as the dominant species, and has a good algae inhibiting effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of an algae inhibitor for inhibiting algae growth, in particular to a method for preparing the algae inhibitor by extracting algae inhibiting active ingredients from dandelion and application thereof.
Background
Eutrophication due to human activities has become a major problem for most surface waters today, and eutrophication has a number of negative effects on freshwater ecosystems. Frequent outbreak of the water bloom is an important characteristic of water eutrophication, and the water quality is reduced and the health of human bodies is seriously harmed due to the outbreak of the water bloom. Therefore, how to effectively inhibit the growth of algae and prevent the occurrence of bloom becomes a research hotspot and frontier in the environmental field.
The algae inhibiting substance extracted from the plant body has the characteristics of high efficiency, selectivity, small ecological risk and the like when being used for controlling the growth of algae, so that a new generation of efficient, low-toxicity and environment-friendly algae inhibiting agent is searched by utilizing allelochemicals, and the new generation of the algae inhibiting agent becomes a novel and effective way for preventing and treating the water bloom.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing an algae inhibitor by extracting algae inhibiting active ingredients from taraxacum, which is applied to small-sized landscape water body taking blue-green algae as dominant species to inhibit the growth of algae, and after algae removal, the content of algae toxins in the water body of a treatment group is obviously lower than that of a control group.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for extracting algae inhibiting active ingredients from herba Taraxaci to prepare algae inhibiting agent comprises:
(1) taking the dried dandelion as an extraction solvent by using petroleum ether, and according to the mass of the dandelion and the extraction solvent: mixing the dandelion extract and the dandelion oil in a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 (kg: L), standing for 12-36 hours to promote the active ingredients contained in the dandelion to be fully dissolved out, and then removing dandelion residues to obtain a dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor;
(2) decompressing and concentrating the obtained dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor, and recovering petroleum ether to obtain dandelion petroleum ether extract;
(3) and (3) dissolving the dandelion petroleum ether extract with dimethyl sulfoxide to finally prepare the dandelion algistat A.
The method for extracting the algae inhibiting active ingredients from the dandelion comprises the following steps of (1) extracting the filtered dandelion residue and the extraction solvent again or three times according to the mass: mixing the raw materials according to a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 (kg: L), standing for 12-36 hours to obtain dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor, combining the leaching liquor for two or three times, and then carrying out pressure reduction and concentration treatment on the leaching liquor.
A method for extracting algae inhibiting active ingredients from herba Taraxaci to prepare algae inhibiting agent comprises:
(1) taking the dried dandelion as an extraction solvent by using distilled water, and according to the mass of the dandelion and the extraction solvent: mixing the dandelion extract and the dandelion extract according to a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 (kg: L), standing for 12-36 hours to promote the active ingredients contained in the dandelion to be fully dissolved out, and then removing dandelion residues to obtain the dandelion water extract;
(2) adding distilled water into the obtained dandelion water extract, and supplementing the volume to the original extraction solvent dosage to finally prepare the dandelion algistat B.
The method for extracting the algae inhibiting active ingredients from the dandelion comprises the following steps of (1) extracting the filtered dandelion residue and the extraction solvent again or three times according to the mass: mixing the raw materials in a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 (kg: L), standing for 12-36 hours to obtain dandelion water extract, combining the two or three extracts, and treating the extracts.
The algistat prepared by the preparation method is applied to algae inhibition in algae-containing water.
The algistat prepared by the preparation method is used for removing algae in small landscape water bodies taking blue algae as dominant species, and the content of algal toxins in water bodies of a treatment group is obviously lower than that of a control group.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the natural algae inhibiting active ingredients are extracted from the dandelion by utilizing the petroleum ether and the distilled water to prepare the algae inhibiting agent, and the algae inhibiting agent is used for removing algae in the small landscape water body taking the blue algae as the dominant species, so that the raw materials are easy to obtain, the algae control cost is low, the popularization and the application are easy, and a new way is provided for resource utilization of the dandelion.
2. The method for preparing the algae inhibitor by extracting the algae inhibiting active ingredients from the dandelion has the advantages that the active ingredient extraction and algae inhibitor preparation processes are simple, the operation is simple and convenient, the extracted algae inhibitor has a good algae inhibiting effect, the algae in water can be effectively removed, the degradation in the water is easy, the secondary pollution is avoided, and a new method is provided for removing the algae.
3. The invention relates to a method for preparing an algae inhibitor by extracting algae inhibiting active ingredients from dandelion, which is used for removing algae in a small landscape water body taking blue algae as dominant species, wherein the content of algae toxins in the water body of a treatment group is obviously lower than that of a control group.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the following embodiments.
Example 1
The method for extracting the algae inhibiting active component from the dandelion to prepare the algae inhibiting agent comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the dried dandelion as an extraction solvent by using petroleum ether, and according to the mass of the dandelion and the extraction solvent: mixing the dandelion extract and the dandelion oil in a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 (kg: L), standing for 12-36 hours to promote the active ingredients contained in the dandelion to be fully dissolved out, and then removing dandelion residues to obtain a dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor;
(2) processing the dandelion leaching liquor, and then recovering petroleum ether through reduced pressure concentration to obtain dandelion petroleum ether extract;
(3) and (3) dissolving the dandelion petroleum ether extract with dimethyl sulfoxide to finally prepare the dandelion algistat A.
Example 2
The method for extracting the algae inhibiting active component from the dandelion to prepare the algae inhibiting agent comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the dried dandelion as an extraction solvent by using distilled water, and according to the mass of the dandelion and the extraction solvent: mixing the dandelion extract and the dandelion extract according to a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 (kg: L), standing for 12-36 hours to promote the active ingredients contained in the dandelion to be fully dissolved out, and then removing dandelion residues to obtain the dandelion water extract;
(2) and (3) supplementing the volume of the dandelion water extract to the volume of the original added solvent by using distilled water, and finally preparing the dandelion algistat B.
Example 3
The difference between the method for extracting the algae inhibiting active component from the dandelion and preparing the algae inhibiting agent and the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2 is that: according to the weight of dandelion and an extraction solvent: mixing the materials according to the volume ratio of 1: 10-20 (kg: L), and standing for 12-24 hours.
Example 4
The difference between the method for extracting the algae inhibiting active component from the dandelion and preparing the algae inhibiting agent and the embodiment 1 or the embodiment 2 is that: according to the weight of dandelion and an extraction solvent: mixing the materials according to the volume ratio of 1: 20-30 (kg: L), and standing for 24-36 hours.
Example 5
The embodiment of the method for preparing the algistat by extracting the algae inhibiting active ingredients from the dandelion is different from the previous embodiments of the method for preparing the algae inhibiting agent: in the step (1), the filtered dandelion residue and the corresponding extraction solvent are mixed again or three times according to the mass: mixing the raw materials according to a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 (kg: L), standing for 12-36 hours to obtain dandelion leaching liquor, combining the leaching liquor for two or three times, and treating the leaching liquor.
Example 6
This example is the application of the algistat prepared in the previous examples in inhibiting the growth of algae in water.
The algistat prepared by the invention is used for inhibiting the growth of algae in water, the optimal dosage of the algistat is determined through experiments according to the number of algae cells in a water body, the algistat is respectively added into algae-containing water and stands for 48-120 hours, so that the algistat is fully contacted with the algae in the water, and the aim of inhibiting the growth of the algae is fulfilled.
The algae inhibitor prepared by the preparation method can be used for removing algae toxins in small-sized landscape water bodies taking blue-green algae as dominant species. After algae removal, the content of algae toxins in the water body of the treatment group is obviously lower than that of the control group.
The extraction method of the algae inhibiting active component, the preparation of the algae inhibiting agent, and the method and process for inhibiting the growth of algae in water are further described below by combining the research results of laboratories.
Experiment 1
Taking dandelion and taking petroleum ether as an extraction solvent, soaking 10.0g of dandelion in 100mL of petroleum ether, standing for 12 hours, removing dandelion residues by using filter paper to obtain dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor, and then performing reduced pressure concentration to recover the petroleum ether to obtain dandelion petroleum ether extract; dissolving the dandelion petroleum ether extract with dimethyl sulfoxide to obtain the final dandelion algistat A; 60mL of microcystis aeruginosa liquid with the absorbance value of 0.1 at the wavelength of 680nm is taken, the algistat is added to ensure that the final concentration is 30mg/L, and the microcystis aeruginosa liquid is placed for 72 hours, so that the algae inhibition rate can reach 59.2%.
Experiment 2
Taking dandelion, taking distilled water as an extraction solvent, soaking 10.0g of dandelion in 150mL of distilled water, standing for 24 hours, removing dandelion residues by using filter paper to obtain dandelion water extract, and supplementing the volume of the dandelion water extract to 150mL by using distilled water, thus obtaining the final dandelion algicide B; 50mL of microcystis aeruginosa liquid with the absorbance value of 0.1 at the wavelength of 680nm is taken, 10mL of the algistat is added, and the microcystis aeruginosa liquid is placed for 72 hours, so that the algae inhibition rate can reach 91.4%.
Claims (4)
1. An algae inhibitor prepared by extracting algae inhibiting active ingredients from taraxacum chinense petroleum ether is applied to algae-containing water, and the preparation method of the algae inhibitor comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the dried dandelion as an extraction solvent by using petroleum ether, and according to the mass of the dandelion and the extraction solvent: the volume ratio is 1: mixing the components in the ratio of the dosage of L to 10kg, standing for 12-24 hours to promote the active ingredients contained in the dandelion to be fully dissolved out, and then removing dandelion residues to obtain a dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor;
(2) decompressing and concentrating the obtained dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor, and recovering petroleum ether to obtain dandelion petroleum ether extract;
(3) and (3) dissolving the dandelion petroleum ether extract with dimethyl sulfoxide to finally prepare the dandelion algistat A.
2. The application of the algistat prepared by extracting the algae-inhibiting active ingredient from the petroleum ether in the dandelion according to the claim 1 in inhibiting algae in algae-containing water is characterized in that: in the process (1), the filtered dandelion residue and the extraction solvent are mixed again or three times according to the mass: mixing the raw materials according to a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 kg: L, standing for 12-36 hours to obtain dandelion petroleum ether leaching liquor, combining the leaching liquor for two or three times, and then carrying out pressure reduction and concentration treatment on the leaching liquor.
3. An algistat prepared from an algae inhibiting active component extracted from dandelion by distilled water is applied to algae-containing water, and the preparation method of the algistat comprises the following steps:
(1) taking the dried dandelion as an extraction solvent by using distilled water, and according to the mass of the dandelion and the extraction solvent: mixing the dandelion extract and the dandelion extract according to a volume ratio of 1: 10-20 kg: L, standing for 12-24 hours to promote the active ingredients contained in the dandelion to be fully dissolved out, and then removing dandelion residues to obtain dandelion water extract;
(2) adding distilled water into the obtained dandelion water extract, and supplementing the volume to the original extraction solvent dosage to finally prepare the dandelion algistat B.
4. The use of the algistat prepared from the extract of taraxacum with distilled water for inhibiting algae as claimed in claim 3 in algae-containing water is characterized in that: in the process (1), the filtered dandelion residue and the extraction solvent are mixed again or three times according to the mass: mixing the raw materials according to a volume ratio of 1: 10-30 kg: L, standing for 12-36 hours to obtain dandelion water extract, combining the two or three extracts, and treating the extracts.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710441057.9A CN107047628B (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | Method for extracting algae inhibiting active component from herba Taraxaci and preparing algae inhibiting agent and algae inhibiting application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710441057.9A CN107047628B (en) | 2017-06-13 | 2017-06-13 | Method for extracting algae inhibiting active component from herba Taraxaci and preparing algae inhibiting agent and algae inhibiting application thereof |
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| CN107047628B true CN107047628B (en) | 2020-05-15 |
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| CN109090150A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2018-12-28 | 无锡市智者水生态环境工程有限公司 | A kind of plant source Chinese herbal medicine powder that eliminating cyanobacterial bloom and its preparation and application |
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Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 植物多酚抑藻效能与其作用下藻细胞生理特征的研究;阮铃铃;《中国优秀硕士学位论文全文数据库 基础科学辑》;20120415(第04期);第A006-274页 * |
| 蒲公英水溶性化学成分研究;刘华清 等;《中药材》;20140630;第37卷(第6期);第989-991页 * |
| 超临界CO2萃取与石油醚提取蒲公英的比较分析;陈东 等;《药物分析杂志》;20100430;第30卷(第4期);第619-622页 * |
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