CN107047206A - A kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock Download PDFInfo
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- CN107047206A CN107047206A CN201710338392.6A CN201710338392A CN107047206A CN 107047206 A CN107047206 A CN 107047206A CN 201710338392 A CN201710338392 A CN 201710338392A CN 107047206 A CN107047206 A CN 107047206A
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- sterculia nobilis
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/007—Determining fertilization requirements
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
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- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock, including preparing the steps such as culture matrix, transplanting, the processing of light nitrogen, shading treatment, nitrogen fertilizer treatment, measure growthform index, optimal light transmittance of the invention is 39.0 43.0%, and optimal nitrogen level is 3700 4300mg/ plants.The invention provides illumination condition and the nitrogenous fertilizer input combination that sterculia nobilis nursery stock obtains maximum economic benefit, fertilizer utilization efficiency can be improved, save the administration of nitrogenous fertilizer, provided fundamental basis and Technical Reference for sterculia nobilis's seedling early stage quick-growing cultivation, structure of rural undertaking reform can be pushed further into, forestry industry chain is elongated, more job opportunities are provided for society, with good social benefit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, and in particular to a kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock.
Background technology
Sterculia nobilis originates in south China, scientific name：Sterculia nobilis Smith., evergreen Qiao of Sterculiaceae Sterculia
Wood.Sterculia nobilis originates in China, and cultivation history is remote, especially more universal with Pearl River Delta, such as India of country in Southeast Asia,
Also there are plantation in Vietnam and Indonesia.Sterculia nobilis also known as Chinese phoenix's eye fruit, seven elder sisters fruit, frequency mother-in-law, Pan Anguo and ninebark etc., for business
Few, the mostly fragmentary plantation [[]] of industry cultivation.Sterculia nobilis its fruit, material, leatherware have higher economic use value：Sterculia nobilis's benevolence
Can be edible as dry fruit, cake can be also made as Chinese chestnut, makees culinary art garnishes, rich in abundant nutritional ingredient, such as：Amino
Acid, protein, vitamin, polyphenol, trace element etc.；The Fruit pod of sterculia nobilis is pharmaceutically acceptable, can treat bloody flux, tympanitis etc.；Its trunk
Logical straight, bifurcated is few, and material is closely the good material [[]] for making furniture；Its bark leaf is rich in fiber, can papermaking, moreover it is possible to use
In the production of crudefiber crop product；Recorded according to strong medicine, sterculia nobilis's bark can control asthma through infusion, and its root can control traumatic injury, rheumatic
Pain in waist and lower extremities, rheumatoid arthritis.
Sterculia nobilis is as the excellent indigenous tree of China, with many advantages.For example：To strong environmental adaptability, no
Easily corroded by pest and disease damage, germ plasm resource is abundant etc..Sterculia nobilis's profile is graceful, also can be in calcium soil and acid available for urban afforestation
Property soil karst region growth, be good commodity trees, at the same also have recover and improve the ecological environment function, Ke Yizhi
Reason stone Mountain area stony desertification is first to being also the woody grain plant and tropical dry fruit Fruit Tree Resources of great Development volue.At present
Research on sterculia nobilis is also very deficient, and wherein most article is also mainly briefly introduced sterculia nobilis and bred and cultivation management skill
Art, economic use value etc..Therefore, the research and development of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock can be pushed further into structure of rural undertaking reform, draw
Long forestry industry chain, provides more job opportunities, with good social benefit for society.But, current sterculia nobilis's seedling stage light
The illumination condition and optimal nitrogenous fertilizer that the above-mentioned blank of research field of nitrogen reciprocal effects, particularly sterculia nobilis obtain maximum economic benefit are thrown
Enter research or the blank of combination.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：For above-mentioned deficiency, the invention provides a kind of high-quality, cost is low, behaviour
Make the breeding method of easy sterculia nobilis nursery stock.
In order to achieve the above object, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock, comprises the following steps：
（1）Humus soil and nursery mellow soil are pressed 3 at the beginning of 12 months：1 is sufficiently mixed, and sterculia nobilis nursery stock is used as after smashing, sieving, sterilize
Cultivation matrix；
（2）It is that to enter specification be footpath * height=22.5cm*24.5- for sterculia nobilis's seedling replanting that 40-60mm, ground diameter are 3-4mm by plant height
In 25.5cm flowerpot, every plant of basin is poured and watered 1-2 times in root water, field planting one week after, moisturizing 2-3 in 2 months after field planting
Secondary, afterwards with the frequency moisturizing of 1 year 5-7 times, moisturizing requires that summer in season in many winters are few within 2 months for field planting；
（3）Sterculia nobilis's seedling replanting selects plant growing way basically identical and well-grown seedling uniformly proceeds by after three months
The processing of light nitrogen；
（4）Shading treatment and nitrogen fertilizer treatment are carried out after light nitrogen processing 5-7d, once, apply fertilizer 8-12 altogether for fertilising per 13-15d
Secondary, dose is determined using exponential fertilization method, and nitrogenous fertilizer used is the urea of nitrogen content 46.67%, during the processing of light nitrogen monthly
The position of random adjustment sterculia nobilis's nursery stock flowerpot, to ensure that its all sterculia nobilis nursery stock illumination condition is consistent；
（5）The measure of growthform index：From day is transplanted in 1 year, monthly No. 14-16 carries out strain to every basin sterculia nobilis seedling
Height, ground diameter, the measure of biomass and root growth index, are determined 11-12 times altogether；
（6）According to sterculia nobilis's growth of seedling state, adjustment light transmittance and nitrogen level, while also needing to carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
Further, in step（1）In, the humus soil and nursery mellow soil are slant acidity red earth, and quality is
Clay loam.
Further, in step（3）In, the smooth nitrogen processing light transmittance is 39.0-43.0%, and nitrogen level is 3700-
4300mg/ plants；Light transmittance realizes that each processing light transmittance is portable with LI-6400XT with the black nylon net of the different numbers of plies
Instrument for determining photosynthesis is determined.
Further, in step（4）In, the dose of the exponential fertilization method is：Nt=Ns(ert-1) - N（t-1）①；
NT=Ns(ert-1)②.In formula：NsFor the initial N contents of nursery stock, t is applies nitrogen total degree, and r is nitrogen increment rate, NtFor in nitrogen
The amount of nitrogen of the t times, N under increment rate r（t-1）It is to apply nitrogen total amount, N including being applied fertilizer including the t-1 timesTNursery stock after nitrogen is applied for t times
Nitrogen content.
Further, in step（5）In, the biomass using weighting method after dried determine, by plant to be measured be divided into root,
Stem, leaf three are partially disposed in baking oven the baking 70-75h at 77-82 DEG C and determine its dry weight again to constant weight.The root growth index
Determined with Epson root scanners and WinRHIZO analysis systems.Plant height at tape measure nursery stock terminal bud to ground diameter with arriving
Vertical range, measure is accurate to 0.1cm；Ground diameter is the rugosity parallel to stem at basin mouthful with slide measure measure, is accurate to
0.01mm。
In summary, the present invention has the positive effect that as a result of such scheme：The invention provides sterculia nobilis's seedling
Wood obtains illumination condition and the nitrogenous fertilizer input combination of maximum economic benefit, it is possible to increase fertilizer utilization efficiency, saves applying for nitrogenous fertilizer
With being that sterculia nobilis's seedling early stage quick-growing cultivation is provided fundamental basis and Technical Reference, the structure of rural undertaking can be pushed further into and changed
Leather, elongates forestry industry chain, more job opportunities is provided for society, with good social benefit.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment to a kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock of the present invention, it is described further.
Embodiment 1
1st, test site
Carried out in Guangxi University nursery teaching practice base, practice base geographical position is east longitude 108 ° 17 ', 22 ° 51 ' of north latitude,
78 meters of height above sea level, belongs to the subtropical monsoon climate average temperature of the whole year of moistening at 21.5 degree or so, 40.4 degree of Extreme Maximum Temperature, extremely
The lowest temperature -2.4 is spent.Winter most cold 12.8 degrees Celsius of 1 monthly average, summer most hot 7, August are average 28.2 degrees Celsius.Every year
Rainfall is up to 1304.2 millimeters, and average relative humidity is 79%, and climatic characteristic is hot humid.Comparatively, summer is moist, and
Winter slightly shows drying, and dry and wet season is clearly demarcated.Summer is more much longer than winter, and the hot time is longer.Spring and autumn has a moderate climate, and concentrates
Rainy season be in summer.
2nd, experiment prepares
Humus soil and nursery mellow soil are pressed 3 at the beginning of 12 months 2014：1 is sufficiently mixed, and cultivation is used as after smashing, sieving, sterilize
Matrix（Its basic physical and chemical is shown in Table 2-1）, humus soil used and nursery mellow soil are slant acidity red earth, and quality is viscous
Loam；Plant height is that to enter specification be footpath * height=22.5cm*24.5-25.5cm to sterculia nobilis's seedling replanting that 40-60mm, ground diameter are 3-4mm
Flowerpot in, every plant of basin, pour root water, field planting one week after in water 1-2 time, moisturizing 2-3 times in 2 months after field planting, calmly
With the frequency moisturizing of 1 year 5-7 times after planting 2 months, moisturizing requires that summer in season in many winters are few.Selection on 2 10th, 2015 is planted
160 plants basically identical and good of seedling of strain growing way, is randomly divided into 16 groups, every group 10 plants, is ready for experiment, united March 10
Light nitrogen processing is carried out at the beginning.
Table 2-1 tests soil main physical and chemical
3rd, test process
The processing of light nitrogen is tested using four kinds of light transmittances L0, L1, L2, L3 and four kinds of nitrogen levels N0, N1, N2, N3 multifactor basin
Plant experiment, amount of nitrogen and the fully equalize schemes of shading mode 4*4.Four kinds of light transmittances L0, L1, L2, L3 are respectively nature light transmittance
80-100%, 39.0-43.0%, 13.1-15.5%, 2.3-3.9%, light transmittance realized with the black nylon net of the different numbers of plies,
Each processing light transmittance is determined with the portable instrument for determining photosynthesis of LI-6400XT.Four kinds of nitrogen levels N0, N1, N2, N3 apply nitrogen
Amount is respectively 0mg/ plants, 1800-2200mg/ plants, 3700-4300mg/ plants, 5600-6400mg/ plants.Enter on March 15th, 2015
Row shading treatment and nitrogen fertilizer treatment, dose is determined using exponential fertilization model, per 13-15 days fertilizer treatments once,
8-12 times altogether.The urea that experiment nitrogenous fertilizer nitrogen content used is 45.28-48.06%.Each illumination and N fertilization divide into 10 with
Machine is repeated, and totally 16 processing, need the basin of nursery stock 160.Specific processing is shown in Table 2-2 and table 2-3.It is monthly random during the processing experiment of light nitrogen
The position of sterculia nobilis's nursery stock flowerpot is adjusted, to ensure that its all sterculia nobilis nursery stock illumination condition is consistent.
The processing of table 2-2 experimental designs and each factor level
Note：Calculated by pure N content, similarly hereinafter
（1）Exponential fertilization method
Dose is determined using the most widely used exponential fertilization model：
Nt=Ns(ert-1) - N（t-1）①；NT=Ns(ert-1)②
In formula：NsFor the initial N contents of nursery stock, t is applies nitrogen total degree, and r is nitrogen increment rate, NtFor under nitrogen increment rate r
The amount of nitrogen of the t times, N（t-1）It is to apply nitrogen total amount, N including being applied fertilizer including the t-1 timesTTo apply the nitrogen content of nursery stock after nitrogen for t times.
The dose unit of table 2-3 sterculia nobilis's different index fertilizer treatment（Mg/ plants）
（2）The measure of growthform index
From 2 months 2015 to 2 months 2016, monthly No. 14-16 carried out plant height, ground diameter, biomass and root to every basin sterculia nobilis seedling
It is the measurement of growth indexes, 11-12 secondary growth investigation is carried out altogether.
Plant height is, with the vertical range arrived at tape measure nursery stock terminal bud to ground diameter, to determine and be accurate to 0.1cm；Ground diameter is to use
Slide measure determines the rugosity parallel to stem at basin mouthful, is accurate to 0.01mm；Biomass is determined using weighting method after dried, will be treated
Survey plant be divided into root, stem, leaf three be partially disposed in baking oven at 77-82 DEG C dry determine its dry weight again to constant weight within 70-75 hours；
Root growth index Epson root scanners, WinRHIZO analysis systems are determined.
4th, data analysis
Test data typing, chart are carried out using WPS softwares, oringe8.0 softwares, DPS7.5 softwares, SPSS18.0 softwares etc.
The work such as making, data analysis, variance analysis is done with ANOVA programs.
5th, light nitrogen is mutually made to analyze sterculia nobilis seedling Comprehensive Evaluation of Seedling Quality
Sterculia nobilis's seedling quality index QI=nursery stock gross dry weight g/ [（Height of seedling cm/ ground diameters mm）+（Footpath dry weight g/ root dry weights g）], light nitrogen is mutual
Make to sterculia nobilis's seedling seedling quality index assessment as shown in Table 2-4.
Table 2-4 sterculia nobilis seedling seedling quality index assessment under the conditions of nitrogen of not sharing the same light
Sterculia nobilis's seedling quality index（QI）Evaluate：The quality of seedling quality directly influences the survival rate of afforestation, in order to ensure seedling
Wooden amount, it is particularly significant to going out the progress quality evaluation of the nursery stock before garden.Because single morphological index can only usually reflect nursery stock
Some side, and the coordination and balance between nursery stock each several part are survived to afforesting and its growth at initial stage is particularly significant, therefore
People just attempt to take the composite index of multi objective to reflect seedling quality.QI is higher, and seedling quality is better, suitably shelters from heat or light and applies
N elements can significantly improve the comprehensive quality of nursery stock, when light transmittance is that 39.0-43.0%, nitrogen level are 3700-4300mg/ plants
When, sterculia nobilis nursery stock obtains illumination condition and the nitrogenous fertilizer input combination of maximum economic benefit.
In summary, the invention provides the illumination condition and nitrogenous fertilizer input group that sterculia nobilis nursery stock obtains maximum economic benefit
Close, it is possible to increase fertilizer utilization efficiency, save the administration of nitrogenous fertilizer, be that sterculia nobilis's seedling early stage quick-growing cultivation is provided fundamental basis and skill
Art is referred to, and can be pushed further into structure of rural undertaking reform, be elongated forestry industry chain, more employment machines are provided for society
Meeting, with good social benefit.
The preferred embodiment of invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, all spirit in the present invention
Within principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc. should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Humus soil and nursery mellow soil are pressed 3 at the beginning of 12 months：1 is sufficiently mixed, and sterculia nobilis nursery stock is used as after smashing, sieving, sterilize
Cultivation matrix；
（2）It is that to enter specification be footpath * height=22.5cm*24.5- for sterculia nobilis's seedling replanting that 40-60mm, ground diameter are 3-4mm by plant height
In 25.5cm flowerpot, every plant of basin is poured and watered 1-2 times in root water, field planting one week after, moisturizing 2-3 in 2 months after field planting
Secondary, afterwards with the frequency moisturizing of 1 year 5-7 times, moisturizing requires that summer in season in many winters are few within 2 months for field planting；
（3）Sterculia nobilis's seedling replanting selects plant growing way basically identical and well-grown seedling uniformly proceeds by after three months
The processing of light nitrogen；
（4）Shading treatment and nitrogen fertilizer treatment are carried out after light nitrogen processing 5-7d, once, apply fertilizer 8-12 altogether for fertilising per 13-15d
Secondary, dose is determined using exponential fertilization method, and nitrogenous fertilizer used is the urea that nitrogen content is 45.28-48.06%, the processing of light nitrogen
Period monthly adjusts the position of sterculia nobilis's nursery stock flowerpot at random, to ensure that its all sterculia nobilis nursery stock illumination condition is consistent；
（5）The measure of growthform index：From day is transplanted in 1 year, monthly No. 14-16 carries out strain to every basin sterculia nobilis seedling
Height, ground diameter, the measure of biomass and root growth index, are determined 11-12 times altogether；
（6）According to sterculia nobilis's growth of seedling state, adjustment light transmittance and nitrogen level, while also needing to carry out the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control.
2. a kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（1）In,
The humus soil and nursery mellow soil are slant acidity red earth, and quality is clay loam.
3. a kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（3）In,
The smooth nitrogen processing light transmittance is 39.0-43.0%, and nitrogen level is 3700-4300mg/ plants；Light transmittance is black with the different numbers of plies
Color nylon wire realizes that each processing light transmittance is with portable instrument for determining photosynthesis measure.
4. a kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（4）In,
The dose of the exponential fertilization method is：Nt=Ns(ert-1) - N（t-1）①；NT=Ns(ert-1)②。
5. a kind of breeding method of high-quality sterculia nobilis nursery stock according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In step（5）In,
The biomass is determined using weighting method after dried, and plant to be measured is divided into root, stem, leaf three and is partially disposed in baking oven in 77-82
70-75h is dried at DEG C and determines its dry weight again to constant weight.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110622652A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-31 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Method for inhibiting sprouting of sterculia nobilis seeds |
| CN111226708A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-05 | 山西农业大学 | Method for increasing celery flavone content |
| CN112640717A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-13 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Sterculia nobilis seedling raising method suitable for karst rocky mountain afforestation |
| CN114731883A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-07-12 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Phoebe sheareri seedling cultivation method |
| CN114885733A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Dwarfing control cultivation method for sterculia nobilis |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110622652A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2019-12-31 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Method for inhibiting sprouting of sterculia nobilis seeds |
| CN111226708A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-05 | 山西农业大学 | Method for increasing celery flavone content |
| CN111226708B (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2021-06-11 | 山西农业大学 | Method for increasing celery flavone content |
| CN112640717A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-04-13 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Sterculia nobilis seedling raising method suitable for karst rocky mountain afforestation |
| CN114731883A (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-07-12 | 江苏农牧科技职业学院 | Phoebe sheareri seedling cultivation method |
| CN114885733A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-08-12 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Dwarfing control cultivation method for sterculia nobilis |
| CN114885733B (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2024-03-26 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Dwarf control cultivation method for sterculia nobilis |
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