CN107045158A - A kind of optical fiber, its preparation method and its optical fiber optical grating array - Google Patents
A kind of optical fiber, its preparation method and its optical fiber optical grating array Download PDFInfo
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- CN107045158A CN107045158A CN201710188727.0A CN201710188727A CN107045158A CN 107045158 A CN107045158 A CN 107045158A CN 201710188727 A CN201710188727 A CN 201710188727A CN 107045158 A CN107045158 A CN 107045158A
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- optical fiber
- optical
- grating array
- transparent material
- grating
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
- G02B6/02152—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating involving moving the fibre or a manufacturing element, stretching of the fibre
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
- G02B6/02076—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings
- G02B6/02123—Refractive index modulation gratings, e.g. Bragg gratings characterised by the method of manufacture of the grating
- G02B2006/02161—Grating written by radiation passing through the protective fibre coating
Abstract
The application is related to a kind of optical fiber, including fibre core, covering and external coating, and top layer material is UV transparent material.UV transparent material allows Ultra-Violet Laser to pass through coating material, so as to directly inscribe grating in quartz glass optical fiber core.The application further relates to the preparation method of the optical fiber, and the various structure types inscribed using the optical fiber optical fiber optical grating array.The optical fiber optical grating array of the application not only reduces processing step without removing external coating before inscription, and avoids during external coating is removed, and sandwich layer easily is influenceed to cause the problem of fiber strength declines by extraneous air and water.Write moreover, the application can carry out ultraviolet photolithographic directly on optical fiber and obtain optical fiber optical grating array, improve the reliability of optical fiber optical grating array, simplify the manufacture craft of optical fiber optical grating array.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to technical field of optical fiber sensing, and in particular to a kind of optical fiber for being used to prepare optical fiber optical grating array, its
Preparation method, and the optical fiber optical grating array prepared using the optical fiber.
Background branch art
Being used to prepare the optical fiber of optical fiber optical grating array in the prior art generally has fibre core, covering and coating layer, its
Middle fibre core and covering are doped or undoped silica, and coat is the acrylic resin of ultra-violet curing.Fiber grating is
Using the light sensitivity of fiber optic materials, the relevant field pattern of incident light is write by fibre core by the method for ultraviolet photoetching, in fibre core
Produce and change along the refractive index periodic of fibre core axial direction, so as to form the phase grating in permanent space, its effect is substantially
(transmission or reflection) wave filter or speculum of an arrowband are formed in fibre core.When a beam of broad spectrum light passes through fiber grating
When, reflection will be produced by meeting the wavelength of fiber grating Bragg condition, and remaining wavelength continues to transmit through fiber grating, is one
Plant passive filtering device.Due to grating fibers have small volume, be lost it is low, be compatible with optical fiber entirely, to be embedded to intellectual material etc. excellent
Point, and change of its resonance wavelength to external environments such as temperature, strain, refractive index, concentration is more sensitive, therefore it is logical in optical fiber
Letter and sensory field are widely used.
Making the method for optical fiber optical grating array at present mainly has following several, and one is to be cut into the optical fiber of certain length first
Upper inscription fiber grating, is then packaged as single fiber-optic grating sensor, then fiber-optic grating sensor is fused into optical cable
Array.Second method is to inscribe glazing at a certain distance on bare fibre before fiber coating coating in fiber drawing process
Grid, then apply external coating and solidify, ultimately form optical fiber optical grating array.Fiber grating scribing process common at present is as follows：
Ordinary optic fibre is subjected to hydrogen-carrying photosensitivity-enhancing first, required segment length is cut into, it is necessary to carve the position removal overlay of grid, is swashed with ultraviolet
Light device is inscribed by mask plate irradiation optical fiber, is applied rustproof lacquer solidification after grating to be formed immediately and is protected, finally right
Grating region is packaged, and the fiber-optic grating sensor of needs is made.In engineer applied, then the sensor optical cable by list only
Welding forms array.This method inscribes the complex technical process of grating and packaging protection；Removing coating is gone to cause the reliability of grating
Reduction；Substantial amounts of live weld job adds the complexity of engineering construction；Can not be flexible for the interval between adjacent gratings
Adjustment, it is difficult to meet some application scenarios to the requirement of sensitive position is adjusted flexibly.
Although the online technique for inscribing grating array, which eliminate, removes coated tape in traditional fiber grating scribing process
The problem of reliability, but there is also Effect Factors for Sythetic Technology in production process is many, difficulty is stably produced, grating array form is not
The problem of being adjusted flexibly.
In consideration of it, special propose the application.
The content of the invention
The primary goal of the invention of the application is to propose a kind of optical fiber.
The second goal of the invention of the application is the preparation method for proposing the optical fiber.
The 3rd goal of the invention of the application is the optical fiber optical grating array for proposing to prepare using the optical fiber.
In order to complete the purpose of the application, the technical scheme used for：
The application is related to a kind of optical fiber, and the optical fiber includes fibre core, covering and is arranged at the external coating of cladding surface, institute
The material for stating external coating is UV transparent material.
It is preferred that, the uv transmittance of the UV transparent material is more than 50%,
It is further preferred that the UV transparent material is 30% to the uv transmittance of grating inscription ultraviolet light
~70%.
It is preferred that, the UV transparent material is fluorocarbon resin, optimal ethylene-TFE copolymer, fluorine-containing propene
At least one of acid resin, Kynoar, copolymer resins of Fluorine containing olefine and vinyl ethers.
It is preferred that, the thickness of the external coating is 20~100 μm.
The application further relates to a kind of preparation method of optical fiber, at least comprises the following steps：
Prepare the bare fibre with fibre core and covering；
In the bare fibre surface coating ultraviolet light transparent material and solidify, form external coating, obtain the optical fiber.
It is preferred that, the uv transmittance of the UV transparent material is more than 50%,
It is further preferred that the UV transparent material is 30% to the uv transmittance of grating inscription ultraviolet light
~70%.
It is preferred that, the method for preparing the bare fibre with fibre core and covering includes, and preform is carried out
Heat and wire drawing, the temperature of the heating is 2000~3000 DEG C.
The application further relates to a kind of optical fiber optical grating array, and the optical fiber optical grating array directly passes through ultraviolet light the application
Optical fiber surface carry out inscription prepare.
It is preferred that, the interval inscribed between the grating formed is equal or different；The centre wavelength of the different gratings
It is identical or different.
It is preferred that, the reflectivity of the optical fiber optical grating array is 0.1%~80%.
The technical scheme of the application at least has following beneficial effect：
The external coating of the application optical fiber is UV transparent material, and the material can realize the protection to Quartz glass surfaces
Effect, can pass through ultraviolet light, realize the inscription of optical fiber optical grating array again.Due to external coating need not be removed before inscription, not only
Processing step is reduced, and is avoided during external coating is removed, sandwich layer easily is influenceed to cause by extraneous air and water
The problem of fiber strength declines.
The optical fiber optical grating array of the application directly can be write and obtain by carrying out ultraviolet photolithographic on optical fiber, significantly improve
The reliability of optical fiber optical grating array, simplifies the manufacture craft of optical fiber optical grating array, improves production efficiency, is applicable to system
Standby all kinds of optical fiber optical grating arrays.
Brief description of the drawings
A kind of structural representation for optical fiber that Fig. 1 provides for the application；
A kind of structural representation for optical fiber optical grating array that Fig. 2 provides for the application；
The reflectance spectrum figure for the optical fiber optical grating array that Fig. 3 provides for the application；
Wherein, 1- optical fiber optical grating arrays；
10- optical fiber；
101- fibre cores；
102- coverings；
103- external coatings.
11- fiber gratings；
111- indentations.
Embodiment
With reference to specific embodiment, the application is expanded on further.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate the application
Rather than limitation scope of the present application.
The application is related to a kind of optical fiber 10, including fibre core 101, covering 102 and the external coating 103 for being arranged at cladding surface,
Bare fibre is wherein collectively referred to as by fibre core 101 and the covering 102 being coated on outside fibre core 101；Its structural representation is as shown in Figure 1.
Wherein, fibre core and covering are doped silica glass or pure quartz glass, specifically, the material of fibre core is to adulterate such as
GeO2Or undoped with SiO2, the material of covering is SiO2Or mix F SiO2, the material of external coating is UV transparent material.By
It is vulnerable to extraneous factor influence in optical fiber, thus needs the additional coating after optical fiber preparation to be protected.Outside the application optical fiber
Coating uses UV transparent material, therefore is carrying out before ultraviolet light is inscribed without the material of fiber outer layer is removed, and saves
Processing step, while it also avoid the optical fiber during external coating is removed easily is influenceed by extraneous air and water, causes intensity
The problem of decline.
Improved as one kind of the application optical fiber, the uv transmittance of UV transparent material is more than 50%.Ultraviolet light
Transmitance is higher, and it is higher that grating inscribes efficiency.
Improved as one kind of the application optical fiber, UV light permeability of the UV transparent material to grating inscription ultraviolet light
Rate is 30%~70%.
Further, UV transparent material is fluorocarbon resin, optimal ethylene-TFE copolymer (ethylene-
Tetra-fluoro-ethylene, abbreviation ETFE), fluoroacrylic resin, Kynoar (Polyvinylidene
Fluoride, abbreviation PVDF), at least one of the copolymer resins of Fluorine containing olefine and vinyl ethers.
Wherein, the example of the copolymer resins of fluoroolefins and vinyl ethers is common including tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoro propyl vinyl ether
Polymers (TFE-PPVE).
The example of fluoroacrylic resin includes hexafluorobutyl acrylate.Forming the monomer of fluoroacrylic resin can select
From at least one of methyl methacrylate (MMA), butyl acrylate (BA), hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), first
Base perfluoroalkyl acrylate (FMA) is used as fluorochemical monomer.
Improved as one kind of the application optical fiber, the thickness of external coating is 20~100 μm.The thickness range can either ensure
Optical fiber has enough intensity, and the water in air will not attack the cladding surface of quartz glass material, and optical fiber is ensure that again
Optical property do not influenceed by clad.When the thickness of above-mentioned material is 100 μm, uv transmittance is in transmitance
30%~70%.
The application further relates to a kind of preparation method of optical fiber, at least comprises the following steps：
First step：Prepare the bare fibre with fibre core and covering；
Second step：Coating ultraviolet light transparent material and solidify on bare fibre surface, form external coating, obtain optical fiber.
Improved as one kind of the application preparation method, the uv transmittance of UV transparent material is more than 50%；Enter
One step is preferred, and UV transparent material is 30%~70% to the uv transmittance of grating inscription ultraviolet light.
Improved as one kind of the application preparation method, in the first step, preform carried out to heat and wire drawing,
The bare fibre with optical waveguide structure is obtained, heating-up temperature is 2000~3000 DEG C.
Improved as one kind of the application preparation method, in the second step, on bare fibre surface, coating ultraviolet light is transparent
Material simultaneously solidifies, and the mode of solidification is is heating and curing, and the temperature of solidification is 200~300 DEG C, and the time is 10~30s.
Specifically, above-mentioned steps can be carried out on fiber drawing tower.The preform of quartz glass material is sent into
Fiber drawing tower, is heated in tower, treats that temperature is increased to 2000~3000 DEG C, at preferably 2300 DEG C, preform
Melting is drawn and attenuated, and by wire drawing machine travel, preform is drawn and attenuated at a high speed to the diameter needed.The diameter of optical fiber can select 80 μm
Or 125 μm of common-use size, other interior electrical path lengths can also be set, bare fibre is obtained.Then traction bare fibre is passed down through
Applying coating mould, in bare fibre surface coating ultraviolet light transparent material, solidify to form external coating, obtains optical fiber.
The application further relates to a kind of optical fiber optical grating array, and its structural representation is as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 2 is optical fiber optical grating array 1
Structural representation, the equal or different fiber grating being made up of indentation 111 of spacing is distributed with optical fiber optical grating array 1
11.Due to external coating need not be removed, can on whole optical fiber once property carry out ultraviolet photolithographic, prepare optical fiber optical grating array 1.
The optical fiber optical grating array of the application directly carries out inscription system using the above-mentioned optical fiber of the application by ultraviolet light
It is standby to obtain.The optical fiber optical grating array of the application after the inscription to optical fiber, need not move through other processing and can come into operation.With
Optical fiber prepared by traditional mode for divesting external coating is compared, and the intensity of the optical fiber optical grating array of the application is significantly improved,
So as to extend its working life, and extra salvo need not be used, simplify structure and technique.
Improved as one kind of the application optical fiber optical grating array, the interval inscribed between the grating formed is equal or different.
I.e. on optical fiber optical grating array, the space interval between grating can be millimeter (mm) level to rice (m) level.
Also, the centre wavelength of different gratings is identical or different.The centre wavelength of i.e. different gratings can be single wavelength,
It can also be different wave length.
As the application optical fiber optical grating array one kind improve, grating be selected from common grating, apodization grating, chirp grating or
Long-period gratings.
Embodiment
In following comparative examples and embodiment, reagent, material and the instrument used is as without special explanation,
It is commercially available.
The preparation of optical fiber：
The preform of quartz glass material is sent into fiber drawing tower, when temperature is increased to 2300 DEG C, predispersed fiber
Rod melting processed draws and attenuates, and by wire drawing machine travel, preform is drawn and attenuated to the diameter needed at a high speed, bare fibre is obtained.Then lead
Draw bare fibre and be passed down through applying coating mould, in bare fibre surface coating ultraviolet light transparent material, form external coating, obtain light
Fibre 1~5.The thickness of the species of UV transparent material, sandwich layer and external coating is shown in Table 1.
The preparation of optical fiber optical grating array：
100m length is respectively taken to the above-mentioned optical fiber 1~5 prepared, stores one week, is carried in 1~10MPa hydrogen
Hydrogen processing.Then inscribed using wavelength for 248nm ultraviolet laser, obtain optical fiber optical grating array 1~5.Inscribe
Optical pulse energy is set to 4.7 ± 0.1mJ/Pulse, and set of frequency is 35 ± 5Hz, and the detection fiber bandwidth speed of growth is 2~
4pm/s.After grating spectral bandwidth stops growing, continue to expose 10s with stable write-in effect.
Comparative example
1) general single mode fiber of polyimide coating is stored one week in 10MPa hydrogen, makes optical fiber that there is photosensitive spy
Property.
2) optical fiber is toasted into 30min at 150 DEG C solidifies external coating.
3) optical fiber is soaked at 120 DEG C using the concentrated sulfuric acid, to remove polyimides external coating.
4) fiber grating inscription is carried out using ultraviolet light.
5) polyimide paint is used, optical fiber is coated again.
6) optical fiber is toasted into 30min at 400 DEG C, obtains fiber grating.
7) fiber grating of multiple above-mentioned preparations is connected, obtains optical fiber optical grating array D1.
Test case
Reflectance test
Using reflectance test instrument, the optical fiber optical grating array obtained to embodiment and comparative example carries out reflectance test,
Test result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
As can be known from Table 1, for same type of top layer material, under the premise of etching condition identical, external coating is thick
Degree increase, the absorptance increase to visible ray, reflectivity is accordingly reduced.The reflectivity of optical fiber optical grating array 1~5 in embodiment
Between 0.1~50%.
Optical fiber optical grating array D1 prepared by comparative example 1 reflectivity also disclosure satisfy that requirements, but optical fiber need by coating-
The process for external coating-be coated with is gone, processing step is not only increased, and during external coating is removed, optical fiber is easily by outer
Air and the water influence on boundary, cause intensity to decline.
The optical fiber optical grating array of the application reflectance spectrum figure as shown in figure 3, its reflected light wavelength concentrate on 1530~
1580nm, the luminous power of reflected light is between 20000~30000dbm/uw.It is less than 1530nm in wavelength and wavelength is more than
1580nm region is almost without reflected light.Illustrate the application optical fiber optical grating array have for 1530~1580nm light it is good
Good reflection characteristic.
Large-scale optical fiber optical grating array typically follows time division multiplexing principle in application, i.e., using same physical connection
Different periods transmit different signals, reach the purpose of multiplexing.Due to the corresponding optical wavelength of the unlike signal of transmission
Identical, if when transmitting first signal, the too many light of first optical grating reflection, second signal will disappear.To realize
The purpose of multiplexing, it is desirable to which the fiber grating for optical fiber optical grating array has relatively low reflectivity.Specifically, reflectivity
Height is relevant with engineering technology level, is not exclusively limited by the reflectivity range in the application.Optical fiber optical grating array in the application
Reflectivity can reach 0.1%~50%, disclosure satisfy that the use requirement of optical fiber optical grating array.
Tensile strength is tested
Carried out on tension tester, shift value of the measurement optical fiber optical grating array when breaking and former long ratio, with hundred
Fraction representation, obtains elongation at break (%).
Under identical testing conditions, the elongation at break of optical fiber optical grating array 2 is 4%, and optical fiber optical grating array D1's is disconnected
It is 1% to split elongation.Illustrate compared with optical fiber prepared by traditional mode for divesting external coating, the fiber grating that the application is obtained
The intensity and ductility of array improve a lot, it is not necessary to be obtained with the longer work longevity using extra salvo
Life.
It is not for limiting claim, any this area skill although the application is disclosed as above with preferred embodiment
Art personnel can make some possible variations and modification on the premise of the application design is not departed from, therefore the application
The scope that protection domain should be defined by the application claim is defined.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of optical fiber, the optical fiber includes fibre core, covering and is arranged at the external coating of cladding surface, it is characterised in that institute
The material for stating external coating is UV transparent material.
2. optical fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the uv transmittance of the UV transparent material is more than
50%,
It is further preferred that the UV transparent material to the uv transmittance of grating inscription ultraviolet light for 30%~
70%.
3. optical fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the UV transparent material is fluorocarbon resin, preferably second
In alkene-TFE copolymer, fluoroacrylic resin, Kynoar, the copolymer resins of Fluorine containing olefine and vinyl ethers
It is at least one.
4. optical fiber according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the external coating is 20~100 μm.
5. a kind of preparation method of optical fiber, it is characterised in that at least comprise the following steps：
Prepare the bare fibre with fibre core and covering；
In the bare fibre surface coating ultraviolet light transparent material and solidify, form external coating, obtain the optical fiber.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the uv transmittance of the UV transparent material is more than
50%,
It is further preferred that the UV transparent material to the uv transmittance of grating inscription ultraviolet light for 30%~
70%.
7. method according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described to prepare the bare fibre with fibre core and covering
Method includes, and preform is carried out to heat and wire drawing, and the temperature of the heating is 2000~3000 DEG C.
8. a kind of optical fiber optical grating array, it is characterised in that the optical fiber optical grating array directly passes through ultraviolet light claim 1
Optical fiber surface described in~4 any one carries out inscription and prepared.
9. optical fiber optical grating array according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the interval between the grating that the inscription is formed
It is equal or different；The centre wavelength of the different gratings is identical or different.
10. optical fiber optical grating array according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the reflectivity of the optical fiber optical grating array is
0.1%~80%.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109085684A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2018-12-25 | 宜昌睿传光电技术有限公司 | A kind of skeleton optical fiber and grating sensing temperature optical cable |
| CN109239876A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-18 | 宜昌睿传光电技术有限公司 | A kind of weak optical fiber Bragg grating temperature sensing optical cable |
| CN109913052A (en) * | 2019-03-07 | 2019-06-21 | 王建平 | A kind of optical coating material and preparation method thereof based on silica fibre |
| CN111373465A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-07-03 | 索尼公司 | Display device and optical apparatus |
| CN111830626A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-27 | 武汉理工大学 | Method for preparing wavelength division and time division multiplexing low-reflectivity high-temperature fiber grating array |
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| CN111373465A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2020-07-03 | 索尼公司 | Display device and optical apparatus |
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Application publication date: 20170815 |