CN107044633A - Vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler - Google Patents
Vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN107044633A CN107044633A CN201710425487.1A CN201710425487A CN107044633A CN 107044633 A CN107044633 A CN 107044633A CN 201710425487 A CN201710425487 A CN 201710425487A CN 107044633 A CN107044633 A CN 107044633A
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- Prior art keywords
- burner hearth
- air
- coal
- burner
- side wall
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/002—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus for pulverulent solid fuel
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/20—Inlets for fluidisation air, e.g. grids; Bottoms
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, it includes burner hearth, and the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side, the burner hearth cavity formed is surrounded by side wall and burner hearth bottom, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；At least one coal burner, it includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body, main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, mixture of the burner outlet pipe from burner hearth cavity is extended on the outside of the lower sidewall of burner hearth and suitable for being passed through First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity；And Secondary Air air-distribution device, it is arranged on burner hearth bottom and suitable for being passed through Secondary Air into burner hearth cavity.Secondary Air air-distribution device includes the air distribution plate for being arranged at burner hearth bottom and the air compartment being in fluid communication with air distribution plate.The mixture of First air and coal dust is with secondary air flow mixing to form the wind powder mixture integrally flowed up in laminar flow in burner hearth cavity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of boilers, more particularly to a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler.
Background technology
Structure of the China using coal as main physical efficiency source is difficult to change within the following some time, the coal that China uses every year
Amount reaches 1,500,000,000 tons, wherein 800,000,000 tons of coals are used for coal-fired thermal power generation, 700,000,000 tons of coals are used for coal-burned industrial boiler.With fire coal
The raising of emission standard of air pollutants for boilers, the high performance clean burning technology of coal is the inevitable requirement of future development.
In addition, in traditional combustion mode, First air, secondary air jet speed and furnace profile average speed difference in burner hearth
It is larger, there is larger recirculating zone in burner hearth, recirculating zone can roll up the control of suction high-temperature flue gas, preheating coal dust, but recirculating zone more
Pulverized coal particle easily occurs in complexity, recirculating zone to reunite, if fluid field in furnace tissue is not good, Boiler Furnace slagging tendency is big, influences pot
The safety and steady operation of stove.
Tangential firing of traditional combustion system including the use of DC burner and the swirl flow combustion using turbulent burner.
In traditional combustion system, First air carries coal dust and sprays into burner hearth with 20-30m/s speed, and Secondary Air surrounds First air with 30-
40m/s speed sprays into burner hearth, forms the combustion system of bellows chamber powder.Coal dust is in specific region concentrated combustion, and partial combustion temperature is high,
Cause the NOx raw emissions value of coal dust firing high.For using anthracitic pulverized-coal fired boiler, NOx raw emissions values exceed
800mg/m3；Boiler for using bituminous coal, NOx raw emissions values are generally more than 400mg/m3, and the two substantially exceeds correlation
Discharge standard.
In addition, in traditional combustion mode, the air-flow inside burner hearth on First air, secondary air jet speed and burner hearth cross section
Average speed differs greatly, and there is larger recirculating zone inside burner hearth, and recirculating zone can roll up suction high-temperature flue gas, preheats coal dust, but return
The control for flowing area is complex, and pulverized coal particle easily occurs in recirculating zone and reunites, if fluid field in furnace tissue is not good, Boiler Furnace slagging
Tendency is big, the safety and steady operation of influence boiler.
In addition, in the tangential firing mode or swirl flow combustion mode of coal dust, because of coal dust concentrated combustion and release heat, coal
Powder ignition temperature has exceeded ash fusion point, and coal dust firing also easily forms slagging, and part slag is bonded on furnace wall cooling, influences boiler
Heat transfer property., it is necessary to which part slag is discharged from burner hearth bottom during the work of boiler, therefore reduce boiler efficiency.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome at least one aspect of above-mentioned prior art defect, the present invention proposes a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, should
Vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler can realize uniform and efficient burning, the low-nitrogen oxide discharging of coal dust, and avoid pulverized coal particle and exist
Burner hearth accumulated inside.
According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, including：
Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side, by side wall and burner hearth
Bottom surrounds the burner hearth cavity to be formed, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；
At least one coal burner, the coal burner includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body,
The main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, and the burner outlet pipe extends into burner hearth on the outside of the lower sidewall of burner hearth
In inner chamber and suitable for being passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity；And
Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged on burner hearth bottom and suitable for being passed through into burner hearth cavity
Secondary Air,
Wherein, the Secondary Air air-distribution device include be arranged at burner hearth bottom air distribution plate and with air distribution plate be in fluid communication
Air compartment；And
The mixture of First air and coal dust is overall to upstream in laminar flow to be formed in burner hearth cavity with secondary air flow mixing
Dynamic wind powder mixture.
According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the air distribution plate carries blast cap.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the lower sidewall of the burner hearth for cross section from bottom to top gradually
Become big reverse taper portion.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the burner hearth includes four side walls, wherein relative two panels side
Wall slopes inwardly in its underpart, and relative other two panels side wall in the vertical direction keeps vertical.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, burner hearth includes four side walls, and the middle part of side wall and bottom are kept
Vertically, and the middle part of the burner hearth sidewall and cross section of bottom is generally rectangular shaped and area keeps constant, the middle part and bottom
Height accounts for the 20% to 40% of side wall total height respectively.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coal burner is arranged on the intilted two panels in bottom
On the bottom of side wall and/or on the bottom of the vertical two panels side wall of holding.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, at least one described coal burner includes two groups or four groups of combustions
Burner, in the case of including two groups of coal burners, two groups of burners are arranged on relative two panels side wall,
In the case of including four groups of coal burners, four groups of burners are arranged in four corner portions of burner hearth cross section, often
Group coal burner includes the coal burner of the identical quantity more than or equal to 1.
According to the present invention another exemplary embodiment, the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, in addition to：At least one layer of tertiary air
Spout, it is suitable to be passed through tertiary air into burner hearth and be hierarchically arranged on the side wall of burner hearth, at least one layer of tertiary air spray
One layer of notch setting in mouthful is in the lower sidewall of burner hearth.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged at burner hearth bottom to cover
The whole cross section of burner hearth bottom.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the centre-to-centre spacing between blast cap on the Secondary Air air distribution plate is not
More than 300mm.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air be less than or equal to it is described once
The eject momentum of the mixture of wind and coal dust.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air is located at the First air and coal
Between the 70% to 90% of the eject momentum of the mixture of powder.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the coal burner is pulverized coal preheating burner with will once
The mixture of wind and coal dust is preheating to 850 DEG C or more.
There is provided a kind of coal dust combustion method for vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, the coal dust according to another aspect of the present invention
Boiler includes burner hearth, and the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side, by side wall and burner hearth
Bottom surrounds the burner hearth cavity to be formed, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；At least
One coal burner, the coal burner includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body, and the main body is set
In burner hearth sidewall bottom, the burner outlet pipe on the outside of the lower sidewall of burner hearth from burner hearth cavity is extended into；And
Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged at burner hearth bottom, and the Secondary Air air-distribution device includes being arranged at
The air distribution plate of burner hearth bottom and the air compartment being in fluid communication with air distribution plate, including：By at least one coal burner from burner hearth side
Wall bottom is passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity, by Secondary Air air-distribution device from burner hearth bottom to burner hearth
Secondary Air is passed through in inner chamber so that it is in horizontal sliding that the mixture of First air and coal dust, which is blended with Secondary Air in burner hearth cavity to be formed,
The overall wind powder mixture flowed up of stream with burner hearth cavity samming burn.
According to one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the mixture of the First air and coal dust passes through coal burner quilt
It is preheating to 850 DEG C or more.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air is located at the First air and coal
Between the 70% to 90% of the eject momentum of the mixture of powder.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the Secondary Air is the gaseous mixture of air or air and flue gas.
Pulverized-coal fired boiler vertical according to an embodiment of the invention, using the cloth being arranged on the whole cross section of burner hearth bottom
Secondary Air is provided on aerofoil, air feed is uniform, almost occur without volume and inhale, flow back, the speed difference very little on burner hearth cross section everywhere,
Therefore the wind powder mixture for forming disperse is integrally flowed up, so as to change conventional bellows chamber powder combustion system.Therefore, this hair
The bright wind powder mixture that realizes occurs without recirculating zone in full furnace cavity in overall horizontal sliding flowing upwards, burner hearth, it is to avoid coal
Powder particles are gathered in burner hearth, conglomeration, improve system run all right.
Brief description of the drawings
By being considered in conjunction with the accompanying the described in detail below of various embodiments of the present invention, the present invention can be understood completely,
Wherein：
Fig. 1 is a kind of burner hearth schematic diagram of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of top view of embodiment of the burner hearth bottom of the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to the present invention；And
Fig. 3 is the top view of another embodiment of the burner hearth bottom of the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in further detail.In explanation
In book, same or analogous drawing reference numeral indicates same or analogous part.It is following referring to the drawings to embodiment of the present invention
Illustrate to be intended to explain the present general inventive concept of the present invention, and be not construed as a kind of limitation to the present invention.
In addition, in the following detailed description, for ease of explaining, elaborating many concrete details to provide to draping over one's shoulders herein
The comprehensive understanding of the embodiment of dew.It should be apparent, however, that one or more embodiments are in the case of these no details
It can be carried out.In other cases, known construction and device diagrammatically embodies to simplify accompanying drawing.
As in the embodiment illustrated in figures 1 and 2, the present invention provides a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler
Including：Burner hearth 1, the burner hearth includes the side wall 11 positioned at its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom 12 below the wall of side, by side wall and stove
Thorax bottom surrounds the burner hearth cavity 13 to be formed, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height
111；At least one coal burner 5, the coal burner includes main body 52 and the burner outlet pipe 51 extended from main body,
The main body 52 is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom 111, and the burner outlet pipe 51 extends from the outside of lower sidewall 111 of burner hearth
Enter in burner hearth cavity 13 and be suitable to the mixture that First air and coal dust are passed through into burner hearth cavity 13；And Secondary Air cloth wind
Device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged in burner hearth bottom and suitable for being passed through Secondary Air into burner hearth cavity, wherein, it is described
Secondary Air air-distribution device includes the air distribution plate 3 for being arranged at burner hearth bottom and the air compartment 2 being in fluid communication with air distribution plate；And First air
With the mixture of coal dust with secondary air flow mixing to form the wind powder mixture integrally flowed up in laminar flow in burner hearth cavity.
In one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, burner hearth bottom 12 can occupy its cross-sectional area about including one
More than 80% opening (not shown), the air distribution plate 3 of the Secondary Air air-distribution device is set in the openings, so that air distribution plate 3
The substantially whole cross section of burner hearth bottom is substantially taken up.Due to being supplied from the substantially whole cross section of burner hearth bottom 12
To Secondary Air, therefore the speed difference very little everywhere on the cross section of burner hearth, therefore First air and coal dust intermixture and two
The wind powder mixture of secondary wind formation disperse is without rolling up the phenomenon inhaled and flowed back, therefore wind powder mixture is upward in laminar flow
Flowing, so as to change conventional bellows chamber powder combustion system.In addition, although as shown in Fig. 2 air distribution plate 3 is shown as rectangular shape,
It will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that according to actual conditions, the air distribution plate can be arbitrary shape, as long as the air distribution plate
3 occupy most of cross-sectional area of burner hearth bottom 12.
According in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, Secondary Air air distribution plate 3 is the board-like knot with multiple through holes
Secondary Air blast cap 4 is installed, so that Secondary Air is passed through burner hearth through secondary air chamber by multiple Secondary Air blast caps in structure, through hole.It is secondary
Wind can be air or the gaseous mixture of air and flue gas.In one example, air distribution plate 3 substantially homogeneously sets blast cap 4, blast cap it
Between centre-to-centre spacing (may can suitably be adjusted provided with local facility, neighbouring blast cap spacing on air distribution plate) no more than 300mm, make
Secondary Air uniformly feeds burner hearth cavity from burner hearth bottom almost whole cross section.In traditional DC burner or swirl flow combustion
In device, the suitable secondary air channel of quantity is only arranged in the First air channel circumference for the burner being arranged on burner hearth sidewall,
5 burners are for example provided with burner hearth sidewall, then 5 secondary air channels are only set.Therefore, in traditional burner,
It is generally necessary to secondary air channel is closely arranged at into First air channel circumference, because only that being blown out so from secondary air channel
Wind can tightly surround the mixture of First air and coal dust, and make it that coal dust is not easy diffusion, so that advantageously
Cause coal powder ignition in regional area in the high temperature by means of boiler internal.However, in an embodiment according to the present invention,
In the region of the vicinity of burner outlet pipe, quantity is set to be far longer than several blast caps of the quantity of burner outlet pipe 51
4, in one example, the quantity of the blast cap 4 can reach it is hundreds of, enable to Secondary Air in burner hearth bottom more uniformly
Injection, rather than tightly surround the mixture of First air and coal dust.
According in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, the side wall 11 of the burner hearth 1 includes height
For the 20%-40% of side wall total height lower sidewall 111, the lower sidewall 111 is that cross section becomes larger from bottom to top
Reverse taper portion.Specifically, in one example, as shown in Fig. 2 the side wall include four sides wall SF1, SF2, SF3 and
SF4, wherein relative two panels side wall SF1 and SF3 slopes inwardly with back taper, relative other two panels side wall in its underpart
SF2 and SF4 in the vertical directions keep vertical.The coal burner 5 be arranged on the intilted two panels side wall SF1 in bottom and
On SF3 bottom and/or on holding vertical two panels side wall SF2 and SF4 bottom, the burning on each side wall is provided with
The quantity of device can be one or more.
In in accordance with an alternative illustrative embodiment of the present invention, the area of section of burner hearth can keep constant.Show at one
In example, as shown in figure 3, burner hearth includes four side wall SF1 ', SF2 ', SF3 ' and SF4 ', the middle part of side wall and bottom keep vertical,
And its cross section is generally rectangular shaped and area keeps constant, wherein middle part and bottom account for respectively the 20% of burner hearth sidewall total height to
40%.It should be understood that embodiment as shown in Figure 3 illustrate only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it is of the invention
Burner hearth cross section is not limited to cross section as shown in Figure 3, and burner hearth cross section can be circular, rectangle and other polygons
Deng.In the case of including two groups of coal burners, two groups of burners are arranged on relative two panels side wall, for example
On SF1 ' and SF3 ' or on SF2 ' and SF4 '.In the case of including four groups of coal burners, four groups of burners difference
Four corner portions of burner hearth cross section are arranged in, every group of coal burner includes the coal dust combustion of the identical quantity more than or equal to 1
Burner, as shown in Figure 3.
According in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the vertical pulverized coal boiler also includes at least one layer of tertiary air
Spout 6, it is suitable to be passed through tertiary air into burner hearth and be hierarchically arranged on the side wall 11 of burner hearth, at least one layer of tertiary air
One layer of notch setting in spout 6 is on the bottom 111 of burner hearth sidewall 11, by maintaining coal to the tertiary air fed inside burner hearth
The burning of powder and holding section of burner hearth speed are not less than 2.0m/s.In an embodiment as illustrated in figure 2, described at least one layer of three times
One layer of spout 6 in wind snout is arranged on the intilted side wall SF1 and SF3 in bottom.
According in one exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the eject momentum of Secondary Air is less than or equal to the First air
With the eject momentum of the mixture of coal dust.Further, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air is the mixed of the First air and coal dust
The 70% to 90% of the eject momentum of compound.By causing the eject momentum of Secondary Air to be slightly less than the mixture of First air and coal dust
Eject momentum advantageously in the mixing of Secondary Air and First air and the mixture of coal dust so that advantageously in burning, and
It is not so that Secondary Air reaches the top of burner hearth earlier than the mixture of First air and coal dust.The mixture of First air and coal dust and
Secondary Air from the lower space of burner hearth cavity during flowing up, the reaction of generating unit divided combustion, coal dust firing release
Water-cooling wall of the heat transfer to burner hearth bottom surrounding, with the increase and the expansion of furnace cross-sectional area of furnace height, by stove
The tertiary air fed in thorax maintains the burning of coal dust and keeps section of burner hearth speed to be not less than 2.0m/s.
According to one embodiment of present invention, coal burner uses recirculating fluidized bed preheated burning device, by once
The coal dust that wind is carried can be preheating to 800~850 DEG C of even more high temperature in recirculating fluidized bed preheated burning device, and coal dust is in burning
Completes to catch fire in device device, the coal dust of preheating, which is passed through after burner hearth, to be blended rapidly with Secondary Air, stablizes burning.Now pass through coal dust
Burner is passed through the First air and coal dust of burner hearth exactly, be after the burning of coal dust part the high temperature dusty fuel that is formed with containing
The high-temperature gas of a large amount of combustible components.But it will be understood to those skilled in the art that catching fire as coal dust, pre- except using
Heat combustor etc. makes coal dust reach the method for ignition temperature when entering burner hearth, can be lighted a fire with using plasma or right
Coal dust carries out other processing and is allowed to ignition point reduction etc. method.
When boiler operatiopn, First air and coal dust are passed through from lower sidewall 111 to burner hearth cavity 13 by coal burner 5
Mixture, Secondary Air is passed through into burner hearth from burner hearth bottom by Secondary Air blast cap 4, by tertiary air spout into burner hearth lead to
Enter tertiary air.Because Secondary Air is uniformly supplied to burner hearth cavity, coordinate rational primary and secondary air eject momentum, at burner hearth bottom
Portion is air distribution plate more than 3, and the mixture of First air and coal dust is strong, uniform with secondary air flow mixing, almost occurs without volume and inhales, returns
Flow, the speed difference very little on burner hearth cross section everywhere, therefore form the wind powder mixture of disperse and integrally flow up, i.e., wind powder is mixed
Compound is flowed up in laminar flow, so as to change conventional bellows chamber powder combustion system.Wind powder mixture is full of burner hearth cavity, coal
The combustion system of powder is whole audience space combustion in stove, is controlled with reference to the air distribution of tertiary air, coal dust is realized in burner hearth whole audience space
Fractional combustion and samming control.
The tertiary air point multilayer of coal dust firing is added along furnace height, is reducing atmosphere below tertiary air top layer spout,
The multidirectional nitrogen of fuel bound nitrogen discharged in coal dust firing is converted.Because concentrated combustion area, coal dust firing are not present in coal dust firing
Highest temperature level it is low, do not generate thermal NO x in coal dust firing substantially.Therefore, NOx raw emissions level is significantly less than often
Advise pulverized coal combustion.
Further, since control section of burner hearth speed not too low in addition in the overall laminar flow flowed up in burner hearth, will not
Generation coal dust " dry linting ", in addition samming control falls into air compartment, therefore can not set wind without having to worry about the heavy powder of burner hearth bottom and deslagging
Cap, Secondary Air is directly provided by the aperture on air distribution plate, and the now substantially uniform setting of the aperture on air distribution plate, spacing are no more than
300mm。
In addition, present invention also offers a kind of coal dust combustion method, the coal dust combustion method is using as described above vertical
Coal burner, the pulverized-coal fired boiler includes：Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes burner hearth, and the burner hearth is included positioned at the side of its surrounding
Wall, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side surrounds the burner hearth cavity formed by side wall and burner hearth bottom, wherein the side wall includes
Account for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；At least one coal burner, the coal burner include main body and
The burner outlet pipe extended from main body, the main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, and the burner outlet pipe is from burner hearth
Extended on the outside of lower sidewall in burner hearth cavity；And Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged at
Burner hearth bottom, the Secondary Air air-distribution device includes the air distribution plate for being arranged at burner hearth bottom and the wind being in fluid communication with air distribution plate
Room, including：The mixed of First air and coal dust is passed through into burner hearth cavity from burner hearth sidewall bottom by least one coal burner
Compound, Secondary Air is passed through into burner hearth cavity by Secondary Air air-distribution device from burner hearth bottom so that First air and coal dust it is mixed
Compound blends to form the wind powder mixture integrally flowed up in laminar flow with burner hearth with Secondary Air in burner hearth cavity
Samming burns in chamber.
On the basis of pulverized-coal fired boiler vertical according to an embodiment of the invention, test of many times is carried out and has come exemplarily more
Illustrate the technique effect of the boiler according to the present invention well, specific experiment is as follows：
Experiment 1
On the basis of the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler of the embodiment of the present invention, fuel is pulverized bituminous coal, coal powder size 200um with
Under, Secondary Air is preheated air and the gaseous mixture of flue gas recirculation, and oxygen content is 15%, and temperature is 150 DEG C；Tertiary air is preheating
Air, air themperature is 150 DEG C；The efficiency of combustion for measuring pulverized bituminous coal is that 99.2%, NOx raw emissions value is 120mg/Nm3,
NOx raw emissions values are significantly reduced, the efficient low nitrogen burning of bituminous coal is realized.
Experiment 2
On the basis of the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler of the embodiment of the present invention, fuel is volatile matter very low semi--coke powder, is used
Circulating fluid bed type preheated burning device, will spray into burner hearth by the coke powder and First air mixture that are preheated to 850 DEG C；Secondary air temperature
Spend for 200 DEG C；Coke powder air-flow superficial velocity is 3.0m/s inside burner hearth, and combustion temperature in hearth is 1100 DEG C；Along furnace height
Direction, arranges two layers of tertiary air.Result of the test shows that the efficiency of combustion of semicoke is for 96.5%, NOx raw emissions levels
50mg/Nm3, significantly reduces NOx raw emissions values, realizes the efficient low nitrogen burning of the fire retardant fuel of low volatile.
Therefore, in vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to embodiments of the present invention, using being arranged at the whole transversal of burner hearth bottom
Secondary Air is provided on air distribution plate on face, air feed is uniform, almost occur without volume and inhale, flow back, the speed on burner hearth cross section everywhere
Poor very little is spent, therefore forms the wind powder mixture of disperse and is integrally flowed up, so as to change conventional bellows chamber powder combustion system.
Therefore, the present invention realizes wind powder mixture and occurs without recirculating zone in overall horizontal sliding flowing upwards, burner hearth in full furnace cavity,
Avoid pulverized coal particle gathered in burner hearth, conglomeration, improve system run all right.
Further, because the present invention breaches the bellows chamber powder mode of normal burner so that coal dust is empty in whole burner hearth
Interior burning uniformity of temperature profile, has stabilized the maximum temperature of coal dust firing, so can realize that samming burns, so as to change
Become the concentrated combustion of conventional combustion manner and concentrate the present situation of heat release, make to concentrate high-temperature region in the stove in conventional pulverized-coal combustion system
Disappear, thermal NO x is not produced.
Further, because realizing samming burning in burner hearth cavity, the samming burning of coal dust makes the highest temperature in stove
Degree is less than ash fusion point, it is to avoid slagging, and the flying dust that coal dust firing is produced is fully entered in afterbody, therefore boiler operatiopn not with flue gas
Deslagging is needed, boiler thermal output is high, system manipulation is simple.
Further, coal dust samming burning also makes fire box temperature be evenly distributed, the more conventional burning side of mean temperature in stove
Formula mean temperature is high, radiant heat transfer ability enhancing in stove, can reduce boiler volume, save boiler cost.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, for the ordinary skill in the art, can be with
Understanding these embodiments can be changed without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of the present invention by
Appended claims and its equivalent are limited.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, including：
Burner hearth, the burner hearth includes the side wall positioned at its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side, by side wall and burner hearth bottom
The burner hearth cavity formed is surrounded, wherein the side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；
At least one coal burner, the coal burner includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body, described
Main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, and the burner outlet pipe extends into burner hearth cavity on the outside of the lower sidewall of burner hearth
In and suitable for being passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity；And
Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged on burner hearth bottom and secondary suitable for being passed through into burner hearth cavity
Wind,
Wherein, the Secondary Air air-distribution device includes the air distribution plate for being arranged at burner hearth bottom and the wind being in fluid communication with air distribution plate
Room；And
The mixture of First air and coal dust is integrally flowed up with secondary air flow mixing with being formed in burner hearth cavity in laminar flow
Wind powder mixture.
2. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, the air distribution plate carries blast cap.
3. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, the lower sidewall of the burner hearth for cross section from bottom to top
The reverse taper portion become larger.
4. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 3, wherein, the burner hearth includes four side walls, wherein relative two
Piece side wall slopes inwardly in its underpart, and relative other two panels side wall in the vertical direction keeps vertical.
5. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, burner hearth includes four side walls, the middle part and bottom of side wall
It is vertical to keep, and the middle part of the burner hearth sidewall and cross section of bottom is generally rectangular shaped and area keeps constant, the middle part and under
The height in portion accounts for the 20% to 40% of side wall total height respectively.
6. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 4, wherein, it is intilted that the coal burner is arranged on bottom
On the bottom of two panels side wall and/or on the bottom of the vertical two panels side wall of holding.
7. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 5, wherein, at least one described coal burner includes two groups or four
Group burner, in the case of including two groups of coal burners, two groups of burners are arranged in relative two panels side wall
On, in the case of including four groups of coal burners, four groups of burners are arranged in four corners of burner hearth cross section
Place, every group of coal burner includes the coal burner of the identical quantity more than or equal to 1.
8. the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 3 or 5, in addition to：At least one layer of tertiary air spout, it is suitable to stove
Tertiary air is passed through in thorax and is hierarchically arranged on the side wall of burner hearth, one layer of spout at least one layer of tertiary air spout is set
Put in the lower sidewall of burner hearth.
9. the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 3 or 5, wherein, the Secondary Air air-distribution device is arranged at burner hearth bottom
Portion is to cover the whole cross section of burner hearth bottom.
10. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 2, wherein, between the blast cap on the Secondary Air air distribution plate in
The heart is away from no more than 300mm.
11. the vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to any one of claim 1-10, wherein, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air is small
In or equal to the First air and coal dust mixture eject momentum.
12. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 11, wherein, the eject momentum of the Secondary Air be located at it is described once
Between the 70% to 90% of the eject momentum of the mixture of wind and coal dust.
13. vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler according to claim 1, wherein, the coal burner be pulverized coal preheating burner with
The mixture of First air and coal dust is preheating to 850 DEG C or more.
14. a kind of coal dust combustion method for vertical pulverized-coal fired boiler, the pulverized-coal fired boiler includes burner hearth, the burner hearth includes position
In the side wall of its surrounding, the burner hearth bottom below the wall of side surrounds the burner hearth cavity formed by side wall and burner hearth bottom, wherein
The side wall includes accounting for 20% to 40% lower sidewall of its total height；At least one coal burner, the coal dust firing
Device includes main body and the burner outlet pipe extended from main body, and the main body is arranged on burner hearth sidewall bottom, and the burner goes out
Mouth pipe on the outside of the lower sidewall of burner hearth from burner hearth cavity is extended into；And Secondary Air air-distribution device, the Secondary Air cloth
Wind apparatus is arranged at burner hearth bottom, the Secondary Air air-distribution device include the air distribution plate for being arranged at burner hearth bottom and with air distribution plate stream
The air compartment of body connection, including：
It is passed through the mixture of First air and coal dust into burner hearth cavity from burner hearth sidewall bottom by least one coal burner,
Secondary Air is passed through into burner hearth cavity from burner hearth bottom by Secondary Air air-distribution device so that the mixing of First air and coal dust
Thing blends to form the wind powder mixture integrally flowed up in laminar flow with burner hearth cavity with Secondary Air in burner hearth cavity
Middle samming burning.
15. method according to claim 14, wherein,
The mixture of the First air and coal dust is preheated to 850 DEG C or more by coal burner.
16. method according to claim 14, wherein,
The eject momentum of the Secondary Air be located at the eject momentum of the mixture of the First air and coal dust 70% to 90% it
Between.
17. coal dust combustion method according to claim 14, wherein,
The Secondary Air is the gaseous mixture of air or air and flue gas.
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| CN201710425487.1A CN107044633B (en) | 2017-06-07 | 2017-06-07 | Vertical pulverized coal boiler |
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| CN111076214A (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2020-04-28 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Preheating combustion ignition system and method, preheating combustion boiler equipment |
| US11333349B2 (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2022-05-17 | Korea Institute Of Industrial Technology | Fluid sand falling type circulating fluidized bed boiler with a plurality of risers and method of operating the same |
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